William Faulkner

William FaulknerWilliam FaulknerThe Style of A GeniusThe Style of A Genius

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What effect does personal experience have on an What effect does personal experience have on an author’s individual style? Does it affect yours?author’s individual style? Does it affect yours?

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The well-known American author William The well-known American author William Cuthbert Faulkner was born in Mississippi, in Cuthbert Faulkner was born in Mississippi, in the year of 1897. Raised in Oxford Mississippi, the year of 1897. Raised in Oxford Mississippi, Faulkner was heavily influenced by the Faulkner was heavily influenced by the Southern culture, which was extremely Southern culture, which was extremely prevalent in all his works. He wrote his first prevalent in all his works. He wrote his first novel, novel, “Soldier’s Pay”“Soldier’s Pay” in 1925, and soon in 1925, and soon married, and settled down to a stream of married, and settled down to a stream of regularly published novels. regularly published novels.

His works, although valued, were not His works, although valued, were not appreciated fully until 1949, when he won the appreciated fully until 1949, when he won the Nobel Prize in Literature. He was known for his Nobel Prize in Literature. He was known for his florid narration and experimental techniques florid narration and experimental techniques with diction and language. In addition to with diction and language. In addition to “As I “As I Lay Dying”Lay Dying” (Written in 1930,), Faulkner also (Written in 1930,), Faulkner also published published “Light in August”“Light in August” (1932), (1932), “Absalom, “Absalom, Absalom!”Absalom!” (1936), as well as many other short (1936), as well as many other short stories and novels. Faulkner died on July 6stories and novels. Faulkner died on July 6thth, , 1962, he was forever remembered for his 1962, he was forever remembered for his revolutionary style and unique narrativesrevolutionary style and unique narratives

DictionDiction

“ “ When Jewel can almost touch him, the horse stands on his When Jewel can almost touch him, the horse stands on his hind legs and slashes down at Jewel. Then Jewel is enclosed hind legs and slashes down at Jewel. Then Jewel is enclosed by a glittering maze of hooves as by an illusion of wings; by a glittering maze of hooves as by an illusion of wings; among them, beneath the upreared chest, he moves with the among them, beneath the upreared chest, he moves with the flashing limberness of a snake. For an instant before the jerk flashing limberness of a snake. For an instant before the jerk comes onto his arms he sees his whole body earth-free, comes onto his arms he sees his whole body earth-free, horizontal, whipping snake limber, until he finds the horse’s horizontal, whipping snake limber, until he finds the horse’s nostrils and touches earth again. Then they are rigid, nostrils and touches earth again. Then they are rigid, motionless, terrific, the horse back-thrust on stiffened, motionless, terrific, the horse back-thrust on stiffened, quivering legs, with lowered head; Jewel with dug heels, quivering legs, with lowered head; Jewel with dug heels, shutting off the horse’s wind with one hand. With the other shutting off the horse’s wind with one hand. With the other patting the horse’s neck in short strokes myriad and caressing, patting the horse’s neck in short strokes myriad and caressing, cursing the horse with obscene ferocity.” P.12cursing the horse with obscene ferocity.” P.12

ExplanationExplanation

Faulkner uses intricate, florid diction to Faulkner uses intricate, florid diction to enhance his writing. His sophisticated word enhance his writing. His sophisticated word choice forces the reader to visualize every choice forces the reader to visualize every detail he presents. While his diction may make detail he presents. While his diction may make the reading a little difficult on the reader, if the reading a little difficult on the reader, if read slowly and thoroughly there are many read slowly and thoroughly there are many images translated through his beautiful words. images translated through his beautiful words. Although in this passage he most directly uses Although in this passage he most directly uses the sense of sight, Faulkner makes use of the the sense of sight, Faulkner makes use of the other senses too during his writing passages. other senses too during his writing passages.

ImageryImagery

““Against the dark doorway he seems to materialize Against the dark doorway he seems to materialize out of darkness, lean as a race horse in his out of darkness, lean as a race horse in his underclothes in the beginning of the glare. He leaps to underclothes in the beginning of the glare. He leaps to the ground with on his face an expression of furious the ground with on his face an expression of furious unbelief. He has seen me without even turning his unbelief. He has seen me without even turning his head or his eyes in which the glare swings like two head or his eyes in which the glare swings like two small torches...”small torches...”


Faulkner, once more uses his florid vocabulary Faulkner, once more uses his florid vocabulary to enhance the imagery in his novel. He uses to enhance the imagery in his novel. He uses the imagery to describe mostly singular objects the imagery to describe mostly singular objects and traits. He creates visualization through the and traits. He creates visualization through the many similes and metaphors in his writing, many similes and metaphors in his writing, such as the “lean as a racehorse” example in such as the “lean as a racehorse” example in the previous paragraph. the previous paragraph.

DetailsDetails

““Darl and Jewel and Dewey Dell and I are walking up Darl and Jewel and Dewey Dell and I are walking up the hill, behind the wagon. Jewel came back. He the hill, behind the wagon. Jewel came back. He came up the road and got into the wagon. He was came up the road and got into the wagon. He was walking. Jewel hasn’t got a horse anymore. Jewel is walking. Jewel hasn’t got a horse anymore. Jewel is my brother. Cash is my brother. Cash has a broken my brother. Cash is my brother. Cash has a broken leg. We fixed Cash’s leg so it doesn’t hurt. Cash is leg. We fixed Cash’s leg so it doesn’t hurt. Cash is my brother. Jewel is my brother too, but he hasn’t got my brother. Jewel is my brother too, but he hasn’t got a broken leg... The hill goes off into the sky. Then the a broken leg... The hill goes off into the sky. Then the sun comes up from behind the hill and the mules and sun comes up from behind the hill and the mules and the wagon and pa walk on the sun. you cannot watch the wagon and pa walk on the sun. you cannot watch them, walking slow on the sun.” P.210them, walking slow on the sun.” P.210


The use of details in Faulkner’s writing is The use of details in Faulkner’s writing is mostly vague details or short and obvious mostly vague details or short and obvious ones, this creates a veil over the reader, ones, this creates a veil over the reader, allowing the reader to make up the rest. allowing the reader to make up the rest. Faulkner alternates between having blunt, Faulkner alternates between having blunt, direct sentences and very long, florid direct sentences and very long, florid descriptions. The purpose of this is to keep the descriptions. The purpose of this is to keep the reader focused on every word on every page. reader focused on every word on every page.

LanguageLanguage

““We approach the crest, where the street runs, where cars go We approach the crest, where the street runs, where cars go back and forth; the mules haul the wagon up and onto the crest back and forth; the mules haul the wagon up and onto the crest and the street. Pa stops them. The street runs on ahead, where and the street. Pa stops them. The street runs on ahead, where the square opens and the monument stands before the the square opens and the monument stands before the courthouse. We mount again while the heads turn with that courthouse. We mount again while the heads turn with that expression which we know; save Jewel. He does not get on, expression which we know; save Jewel. He does not get on, even though the wagon has started again. ‘Get in, Jewel,’ I say. even though the wagon has started again. ‘Get in, Jewel,’ I say. “Come on. Lets get away from here.” But he does not get in. “Come on. Lets get away from here.” But he does not get in. Instead he sets his foot on the turning hub of the rear wheel, Instead he sets his foot on the turning hub of the rear wheel, one hand grasping the stanchion, and with the hub turning one hand grasping the stanchion, and with the hub turning smoothly under his sole he lifts the other foot and squats there, smoothly under his sole he lifts the other foot and squats there, staring straight ahead, motionless, lean, wooden backed, as staring straight ahead, motionless, lean, wooden backed, as though carved squatting out of the lean wood.”- P.231though carved squatting out of the lean wood.”- P.231


Faulkner uses many descriptive words, usually Faulkner uses many descriptive words, usually to describe a series of actions.to describe a series of actions.This is one of the defining points of Faulkner’s This is one of the defining points of Faulkner’s writing. The language he uses is very broken writing. The language he uses is very broken up and dated. He usually is describing through up and dated. He usually is describing through the often-changing narrator and narrates the the often-changing narrator and narrates the way that person would literally think. He also way that person would literally think. He also was very influenced by the Southern culture was very influenced by the Southern culture and way of speaking, and it reflected in the and way of speaking, and it reflected in the dialogue and the language in his novel.dialogue and the language in his novel.

SyntaxSyntax““And now them others sitting there, like buzzards. Waiting, fanning And now them others sitting there, like buzzards. Waiting, fanning themselves. Because I said if you wouldn’t keep on sawing and nailing themselves. Because I said if you wouldn’t keep on sawing and nailing at it until a man cant sleep even and he hands laying on the quilt like at it until a man cant sleep even and he hands laying on the quilt like two of them roots dug up and tried to wash and you couldn’t get them two of them roots dug up and tried to wash and you couldn’t get them clean. I can see the fan and Dewey Dell’s arm. I said if you’d just let clean. I can see the fan and Dewey Dell’s arm. I said if you’d just let her alone. Sawing an knocking, and keeping the air always moving so her alone. Sawing an knocking, and keeping the air always moving so fast on her face that when you’re tired you cant breathe it, and that fast on her face that when you’re tired you cant breathe it, and that goddamn adze going One lick less. One lick less. One lick less until goddamn adze going One lick less. One lick less. One lick less until everybody that passes in the road will have to stop and see it and say everybody that passes in the road will have to stop and see it and say what a fine carpenter he is, if it had been me when pa laid sick with what a fine carpenter he is, if it had been me when pa laid sick with that load of wood fell on him, it would not be happening with every that load of wood fell on him, it would not be happening with every bastard in the county coming in to stare at her because if there is a god bastard in the county coming in to stare at her because if there is a god what the hell is He for. It would just be me and her on a high hill and what the hell is He for. It would just be me and her on a high hill and me rolling the rocks down the hill at their face, picking them up and me rolling the rocks down the hill at their face, picking them up and throwing them down the hill faces and teeth and all by god until she throwing them down the hill faces and teeth and all by god until she was quiet and not that goddamn adze going One lick less. One lick less was quiet and not that goddamn adze going One lick less. One lick less and we could be quiet” - P.15and we could be quiet” - P.15


Syntax is another of the main distinctive traits Syntax is another of the main distinctive traits of Faulkner’s writing. He has very disjointed of Faulkner’s writing. He has very disjointed sentences and word placement. He also sentences and word placement. He also sometimes repeats a certain saying or phrase sometimes repeats a certain saying or phrase many times in the narration. The sentences many times in the narration. The sentences range from very short to very long, sometimes range from very short to very long, sometimes using large run - ons that can span an entire using large run - ons that can span an entire paragraph. He also gets crazy sometimes, paragraph. He also gets crazy sometimes, using pictures or long spaces in the middle of using pictures or long spaces in the middle of his writing.his writing.

ShiftsShifts

““He could do so much for me if he just would. He could do He could do so much for me if he just would. He could do everything for me. Its like everything in the world for me is everything for me. Its like everything in the world for me is inside a tub full of guts, so that you wonder how there can be inside a tub full of guts, so that you wonder how there can be any room in it for anything else very important. He is a big tub any room in it for anything else very important. He is a big tub of guts and I am a little tub of guts and if there is not any room of guts and I am a little tub of guts and if there is not any room for anything else important in a big tub of guts, how can it be for anything else important in a big tub of guts, how can it be room in a little tub of guts. But I know it is there because god room in a little tub of guts. But I know it is there because god gave women a sign when something has happened bad. Its gave women a sign when something has happened bad. Its because I am alone. If I could just feel it, it would be different, because I am alone. If I could just feel it, it would be different, because I would not be alone. But id I were not alone, because I would not be alone. But id I were not alone, everybody would know it. And he could do so much for me, everybody would know it. And he could do so much for me, and then I would not be alone.” and then I would not be alone.”


Along with Faulkner’s shifts between point of Along with Faulkner’s shifts between point of view narratives, he uses sudden shifts in the view narratives, he uses sudden shifts in the plot. His restless plot schemes keep the reader plot. His restless plot schemes keep the reader sharply focused on his stories as well as lose sharply focused on his stories as well as lose them a little bit. Also, he changes between them a little bit. Also, he changes between perspectives as chapter changes, which gives a perspectives as chapter changes, which gives a more holistic view of the plot.more holistic view of the plot.

Abeline CohenAbeline Cohen

Rafal DymekRafal Dymek

Matthew S. HaysMatthew S. Hays

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William Faulkner