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YMHB[D@CZ BCK F]CJ[D@CZ
IBZDJ J@CJMU[Z
Cb{}ybh C}gimyz?
[am c}gimyz 2( 9( :( ;( bym jbhhmk cb{}ybh c}gimyz( bck {amdy
zm{ dz kmc`{mk it C#[a}z C 7 ~2( 9( :( ;( =( w#
Dc{mlmyz?
[am c}gimyz :( 9( 2( 5( 2( 9( : bym jbhhmk dc{mlmyz bck {am zm{
dz kmc`{mk it D `y _#
dc{mlmyz jbcm im u`zd{dvm( cmlb{dvm( c`c u`zd{dvm bck c`c
cmlb{dvm#
Yb{d`cbh C}gimyz?
Bhh c}gimyz `f {am f`yg ur |amym u bck r bym dc{mlmyz bck r 5(
bym jbhhmk yb{d`cbh c}gimyz
bck {amdy zm{ dz kmc`{mk it R#
Dyyb{d`cbh C}gimyz?
[amym bym c}gimyz |adja jbcc`{ im mquymzzmk dc {am ur f`yg#
[amzm c}gimyz bym jbhhmk
dyyb{d`cbh c}gimyz bck {amdy zm{ dz kmc`{mk it Rj !d#m#
j`guhmgmc{byt zm{ `f R$
Ymbh C}gimyz?
[am j`guhm{m zm{ `f yb{d`cbh bck dyyb{d`cbh c}gimyz dz {am zm{
`f ymbh c}gimyz bck dz kmc`{mk it
Y# [a}z Y 7 R Rj#
D{ gbt im c`{mk {ab{ C D R Y # Ymbh c}gimyz jbc bhz` im
mquymzzmk dc {mygz `f u`zd{d`c
`f b u`dc{ `c {am ymbh hdcm# [am ymbh hdcm dz {am c}gimy hdcm
|amymdc {am u`zd{d`c `f b u`dc{ ymhb{dvm
{` {am `ydldc !d#m# 5$ ymuymzmc{z b }cdr}m ymbh c}gimy bck vdjm
vmyzb#
': '9 '2 5 2 9 9 :
Ymbh hdcm
Bhh {am c}gimyz kmfdcmk z` fby f`hh`| {am `ykmy uy`umy{t d#m# df
{amym bym {|` c}gimyz b
bck i {amc md{amy b8 i `y b 7 i `y b 3 i#
Dc{myvbhz?
Dc{myvbhz bym ibzdjbhht z}izm{z `f Y# Df {amym bym {|` c}gimyz
b( i Y z}ja {ab{ b 8 i( |m jbc
kmfdcm f`}y {tumz f dc{myvbhz bz f`hh`|z?
@umc Dc{myvbh d#m# mck u`dc{z bym c`{ dcjh}kmk#
Jh`zmk Dc{myvbh d#m# mck u`dc{z bym bhz` dcjh}kmk# [adz dz
u`zzdihm `cht |amc i`{a b bck
i bym fdcd{m# @umc'jh`zmk Dc{myvbh? !b( iW 7 ~ q? b 8 q iw
Jh`zmk`umc Dc{myvbh? ^b( i$ 7 ~ q? b q 8 iw
[am dcfdcd{m dc{myvbhz bym kmfdcmk bz f`hh`|z?
!b( $ 7~ q? q 3 bw
!b( $ 7 ~ q? q bw
!' ( i$ 7 ~q? q8 i$
!' ( iW 7 ~ q? q iw
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8/4/2019 Wikimama Class 12 Ch 01 Relation and Function
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Dcmr}bhd{dmz?
b i md{amy b 8 i `y b 7 i
b 8 i bck i 8 j b 8 j
b 8 i b . j 8 i . j j Y
b 8 i 'b 3 'i d#m# dcmr}bhd{t zdlc ymvmyzmz df i`{a zdkmz bym
g}h{duhdmk it b cmlb{dvm
c}gimy b 8 i bck j 8 k b . j 8 i . k bck b k 8 i j
b 8 i gb 8 gi df g 3 5 bck gb 3 gi df g8 5
5 8 b 8 i by 8 iy df y 3 5 bck by 3 iy df y 8 5
2
bb
9 b 3 5 bck mr}bhd{t a`hkz f`y b 7 2
2
bb
'9 b 8 5 bck mr}bhd{t a`hkz f`y b 7 '2
Biz`h}{m Vbh}m?
Hm{ q Y# [amc {am gblcd{}km `f q dz jbhhmk d{z biz`h}{m vbh}m
bck dz( dc lmcmybh( kmc`{mk it
xqx#[a}z xqxjbc im kmfdcmk bz(
q( q 5(q
q( q 5#
C`{m {ab{ q 7 5 jbc im dcjh}kmk md{amy |d{a u`zd{dvm vbh}mz `f q
`y |d{a cmlb{dvm vbh}mz `f q# Bz
|m nc`| {ab{ bhh ymbh c}gimyz jbc im uh`{{mk `c {am ymbh c}gimy
hdcm( xqx ymuymzmc{z {am kdz{bcjm
`f c}gimy q fy`g {am `ydldc( gmbz}ymk bh`cl {am c}gimy'hdcm#
[a}z xqx 5#Zmj`ckht( bct u`dc{
q htdcl `c {am ymbh c}gimy hdcm |dhh abvm d{z j``ykdcb{mz bz !q(
5$# [a}z( d{z kdz{bcjm fy`g {am
`ydldc dz 9q xqx 7 9q #
Ibzdj Uy`umy{dmz `f xqx?
q q
q 3 b q 3 b `y q 8 'b df b Y.( bck q Y df b Y
q 8 b b 8 q 8 b df b Y. bck c` z`h}{d`c df b Y ~5w
q tq t
q t q s t
[am hbz{ {|` uy`umy{dmz jbc im u}{ dc cm j`gubj{ f`yg
cbgmht(
q s t q t q t
qt q t
(qq
t 5t t
Lymb{mz{ Dc{mlmy bck Fybj{d`cbh Uby{
Hm{ q Y# [amc ^qW kmc`{mz {am lymb{mz{ dc{mlmy hmzz {abc `y
mr}bh {` q bck ~qw kmc`{mz {am
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fybj{d`cbh uby{ `f q bck dz ldvmc it ~qw 7 q ^qW# C`{m {ab{ 5
~qw 8 2#D{ dz `ivd }z {ab{ df q dz bc
dc{mlmy( {amc ^qW 7 q#
Ibzdj Uy`umy{dmz `f Lymb{mz{ Dc{mlmy bck Fybj{d`cbh Uby{?
^^qWW 7 ^qW( ^~qwW 7 5( ~^qWw 7 5
q 2 8 ^qW q( 5 ~qw 8 2 ^c . qW 7 c . ^qW |amym c D
5( df q dc{mlmy
^qW ^ qW2( df q dc{mlmy
5( q Dc{mlmy
~qw ~'qw2( q Dc{mlmy
q t ( df~qw ~tw 2
q t 2 ( df ~qw ~tw 2q t #
Amcjm ^qW . ^tW ^q . tW ^qW . ^tW .2
^qW q
( c C ( q Yc c
Ymhb{d`cz?
Hm{ B bck I im {|` zm{z# B ymhb{d`c Y fy`g {am zm{ B {` zm{ I dz
b z}izm{ `f {am jby{mzdbc uy`k}j{
B I # F}y{amy( df q( t Y ( {amc |m zbt {ab{ q dz Y'ymhb{mk {` t
bck |yd{m {adz ymhb{d`c bz q Y t#
AmcjmY q( t >q B( t I( q Y t #
\m c`{djm {ab{ dc mvmyt `ykmymk ubdy `f Y( {am zmj`ck mhmgmc{ dz
{am j}im `f {am fdyz{ mhmgmc{
d#m# {am mhmgmc{ `f {am `ykmymk ubdyz `f Y abvm b j`gg`c
ymhb{d`c' zadu |adja dz j}im#
Amym {am fdyz{ mhmgmc{ dc mbja `f {am `ykmymk ubdy dz lymb{my
{abc {am zmj`ck mhmgmc{# Amcjm {am
ymhb{d`czadu dz lymb{my {abc# @ivd`}zht( fy`g {am km fdcd{d`c( q
Y t bck t Y q bym c`{ {am zbgm(
zdcjm Y q( t ? q B( t Y( qYt bck Y q( t ?q I( t B( qYt bym
kdffmymc{#
K`gbdc bck Ybclm `f b ymhb{d`c? Hm{ Y im b ymhb{d`c kmfdcmk fy`g
b zm{ B {` b zm{ I(
d#m#Y B I # [amc {am zm{ `f bhh fdyz{ mhmgmc{z `f {am `ykmymk
ubdyz dc Y dz jbhhmk {am k`gbdc `f
Y# [am zm{ `f bhh zmj`ck mhmgmc{z `f {am `ykmymk ubdyz dc Y dz
jbhhmk {am ybclm `f Y# [ab{ dz( K 7
k`gbdc `f Y q ? q( t Y `y q ? q B bck q( t Y (
Y 7 ybclm `f Y t ? q( t Y `y t ? t Ibck q( t Y #
Jhmbyht K B bck /Y I #Dcvmyzm ymhb{d`c?
Hm{ Y im b ymhb{d`c fy`g b zm{ B {` b zm{ I# [amc( {am dcvmyzm
ymhb{d`c `f Y( kmc`{mk it2Y ( dz b
ymhb{d`c kmfdcmk it2Y t( q ? q( t Y (
[tumz `f ymhb{d`c dc b zm{ B bym?
!d$ Dkmc{d{t ymhb{d`c?
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8/4/2019 Wikimama Class 12 Ch 01 Relation and Function
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B ymhb{d`c Y dc {am zm{ B kmfdcmk it Y q( t ? q B( t B( q t `y Y
q( q > q B dz
jbhhmk {am dkmc{d{t ymhb{d`c#
!dd$ V`dk ymhb{d`c?
B ymhb{d`c Y dc {am zm{ B dz v`dk ymhb{d`c df Y #
!ddd$ ]cdvmyzbh ymhb{d`c?
B ymhb{d`c Y dc {am zm{ B kmfdcmk bz Y B B dz jbhhmk {am
}cdvmyzbh ymhb{d`c dc {am zm{#
!dv$ Ymfhmqdvm ymhb{d`c?
B ymhb{d`c Y( dc b zm{ B( dz jbhhmk b ymfhmqdvm ymhb{d`c df q( q
Y f`y bhh q B `y qYq f`y
bhh q B #!v$ Ztggm{ydj ymhb{d`c?
B ymhb{d`c Y( dc b zm{ B( dz jbhhmk b ztggm{ydj ymhb{d`c df q( t
Y t( q Y
`y qYt tYq #
!vd$ [ybczd{dvm ymhb{d`c?
B ymhb{d`c Y( dc b zm{ B( dz jbhhmk b {ybczd{dvm ymhb{d`c df q(
t bck t( Y q( Y `y
qYt bck tY qY #
!vdd$ Mr}dvbhmcjm ymhb{d`c?
B ymhb{d`c Y( dc b zm{ B dz bc mr}dvbhmcjm ymhb{d`c df Y dz
ymfhmqdvm( ztggm{ydj bck {ybczd{dvm d#m#qYq f`y bhh q B ( qYt tYq (
bck qY t( tY qY #
F}cj{d`cz
F}cj{d`c dz b zumjdbh jbzm `f b ymhb{d`c( zdcjm b ymhb{d`c gbt
ymhb{m bc mhmgmc{ `f B {` g`ym {abc
`cm mhmgmc{z dc I# B f}cj{d`c fy`g B {` I dz }z}bhht kmc`{mk it
{am ztgi`hz f( l m{j# bck |m|yd{m f ? B I # \m bhz` zbt {ab{ f dz b
gbuudcl fy`g B {` I#
[am zm{ B dz jbhhmk {am k`gbdc `f {am
f}cj{d`c f bck I dz jbhhmk {am j` k`gbdc `f
{am f}cj{d`c f#
IB
i
bf
!d$ Lybua `f b f}cj{d`c?
Hm{ f ? B I im b f}cj{d`c# [amc {am z}izm{b( f b ? b B `f B I dz
jbhhmk {am lybua `f {am
f}cj{d`c f# \m nc`| {ab{ b ymhb{d`c Y fy`g {am zm{ B {` I
dz b z}izm{ `f B I # [am ymhb{d`c Y dz b f}cj{d`c fy`g {amzm{ B
{` {am zm{ I( df mvmyt mhmgmc{ `f B dz {am fdyz{
mhmgmc{ `f mqbj{ht `cm `ykmymk ubdy `f Y# [am f}cj{d`c f
fy`g {am zm{ B {` {am zm{ I dz }z}bhht |yd{{mc
mquhdjd{ht>
BI
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