TO WASH May 2014

WHY WASH

TO WASH May 2014

WASH factsGlobally, diarrhoea is the leading cause of illness and

death, and 88 per cent of diarrhoeal deaths are due to a lack of access to sanitation facilities, together with inadequate availability of water for hygiene and unsafe drinking water.

Every 20 seconds a child dies of diarrohea. 15 lakh in a year – 5000 every day

The provision of improved sanitation and safe drinking water could reduce diarrhoeal diseases by nearly 90 per cent.

Almost 200 million days of school attendance are lost due to the lack of sanitation each year

TO WASH May 2014

Unsafe watsan Diarrhoea

Amoebiasis

Cholera

Dysentery

Hepatitis A

Lead poisoning

Polio

Flurosis

TO WASH May 2014

Diarrhoea

Amoebiasis

Cholera

Dysentery

Hepatitis A

When watsan is unsafe Typhoid

Lead poisoning

Polio

Flurosis

Arsenicosis

Source: WHO 2012

Some WASH facts 63 % of the global population use toilets and other

improved sanitation facilities.

2.5 billion people lack improved sanitation.

1.1 billion people (15 % of the global population) practice open defecation.

949 million open defecators live in rural areas.

In Southeast Asia alone, 13 million tons of faeces is released into inland water sources each year, along with 122 million m3 of urine and 11 billion cubic metres of greywater. This pollution costs Southeast Asia more than US$2 billion per year.

Rates of hand washing around the world are low. Observed rates of hand washing with soap at critical moments – i.e, before handling food and after using the toilet - range from 0% to 34%.

TO WASH May 2014

Some WASH factsIn 2010, 89 % of the world’s population, or 6.1

billion people, used improved drinking water sources, exceeding the MDG target (88 %); 92 % are expected to have access in 2015.

By 2015, 67 % will have access to improved sanitation facilities (the MDG target is 75 %).

Source: WHO

TO WASH May 2014

WASH Facts – MDG progress Sanitation

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WASH - Diarrhoea Risk Reduction

(a) Sanitation (b) Water availability

(c) Water qual-ity

(d) Hygiene promotion

(e) Hand washing

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Red

uct

ion

in

dia

rrh

ea m

orb

idit

y (%

)

Fewtrell L et al. (2005) Lancet Infect Dis 5(1): 42-52.

TO WASH May 2014

Lessons from the UKBMJ readers: “sanitary revolution” - greatest medical advance since 1840.15.4% WASH15%Antibiotics 14% Anesthesia12% Vaccines

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In addition……… Sanitation and hygiene could also prevent most of the 130

million annual cases worldwide of serious worm infestation. This matters since worms can divert up to one-third of the food a child consumes, and malnutrition is at the root of 50% of childhood illness.

Improved sanitation in developing countries yields about US$9 worth of benefits for every US$1 spent.

The time saved by people using a toilet close to home would have an annual economic value in excess of US$114 billion.

School enrolment and retention rates for girls rise when there are appropriate toilets and bathrooms for them to use, particularly after menstruation starts.

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Situation in Madhya Pradesh –

Our immediate concern

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Infant Mortality rate. *registrar General of India.

Under 5 Mortality

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Madhya Pradesh 92 89 82N.A N.A.

ALL INDIA 69 64 55N.A N.A.

IMR 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Madhya Pradesh 70 67 62 59 56

ALL INDIA 53 50 47 44 42

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Issues for Water Supply in MP

1. Depletion of groundwater based drinking water sources due to over-

extraction by irrigation, industry etc.

2. Contamination of drinking water sources due to untreated sewage,

open defecation, untreated industrial effluents, leaching of fertilizers

and pesticides etc.

3. Gram Panchayats and communities are often not involved in the

planning, implementation, monitoring and O&M of their rural water

supply systems

4. Poor Operation & maintenance of schemes often leads to non-functionality or low yield of many schemes especially piped water supply schemes

5. 21.9 % of all hhs in MP use unimproved drinking water sources

5. Many schemes remain incomplete even after 3-4 years.

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Total No. of habitations with population coverage

LPCD Total Habs

Total QA

Habs

> 0 and

< 25%

>= 25 and

< 50%

>= 50 and

< 75%

>=75 and

< 100%100%

40 127169 2120 11 375 1964 6697 116002

55 127169 2120 30 1679 16989 22961 83390

Source : www.indiawater.gov.in

NRDWP – habitations with population coverage

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Issues and challenges in sanitation Sector

Delivery Mechanism - DWSC, BWSC, Panchayat and Tadarth Samitis are not able to delver the services.

Resource Institutions -within the Nodal department - Institution like CCDU, WSSO and support government organizations like WALMI, SIRD etc. lack human resources and capacities for planning and managing the TSC program. Similarly GPs do not have capacity to implement TSC program in Demand Generation mode

Demand generation – An insufficient efforts to generate demand and CB initiatives- Results only 13% rural sanitation coverage

Sanitation Technology – promoting mostly proto type of pour flush double offset leach pit technology across all the districts.

Sanitation Marketing – Majority of Rural Sanitary Mart promoted by government are dysfunctional as a result expected materials and services are not reaching to the community

Hygiene is not a priority in programme implementation and critical issues like MHM is not getting due attention

Sustainability-Nirmal Gram Puruskar- The NGP awarded villages donot have complete saniation coverage

Monitoring and Evaluation of WASH efforts- There is limited monitoring thrust– only physical and financial indicators there is no monitoring system in place to capture processes and outcome indicators

TO WASH May 2014

State progress to meet the Sanitation MDG

Keral

a

Laks

hadw

eep

Mizor

am

Sikk

im

Trip

uraDel

hi

Manip

ur

Daman

& D

iuGoa

Nagal

and

Pond

icher

ry

Punj

ab

Uttara

chal

Chand

igar

h

Harya

na

Andam

an a

nd N

icoba

r Isl...

Himac

hal P

rade

sh

Dadra

& N

agar

Hav

eli

Megha

laya

Wes

t Ben

gal

Assam

Andhr

a Pr

ades

h

Aruna

chal

Pra

desh

Gujar

at

Jam

mu

& Kas

hmir

Karna

taka

Mahar

asht

ra

Tam

il Nad

u

Chhat

tisga

rh

Uttar P

rade

sh

Jhar

khan

dBih

ar

Rajas

than

Madhy

a Pr

ades

h

Orissa

1990

2040

2090

2140

2190

2003

2003

2003

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2007

2007

2007

2007

2008

2010

2010

2011

2011

2013

2013

2013

2016

2023

2024

2027

2028

2028

2032

2033 2046

2046

2067

2074

2077

2105

2160

States already achieved MDG target

Stat

e ex

pact

atio

ns o

f ac

hiev

ing

MD

G ta

rget

s af

ter

2015

Before 2015

in 10 years

in 25 years

in 62 years

After 90 years

3 states

5 states

5 states

2 states

3 states

17 states

India will reach MDG at this rate by 2054 only

TO WASH May 2014

At current rate, MP will miss its MDG target

TO WASH May 2014

Thanks