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Learning objective – to be able to explain why and how Henry VIII broke with Rome and made himself Head of the Church of England.
I can describe the key events that led to Henry VIII divorcing Catherine of Aragon.
Level 3/4
I can explain how Henry created the Church of England and prioritise key events.
Level 4/5
I can explain in detail how Henry VIII created the Church of England and which were the most important events.
Level 6
Henry VIII
Became King of England in 1509.
Married Catherine of Aragon in 1509.
Was a very popular king in the early part of his reign. The Pope thought he was such a good Catholic he granted Henry the title
‘Defender of the Faith’.
Catherine of Aragon
A Spanish princess, once married to Henry ‘s older
brother.
Very popular in England.
Ruled very effectively when
Henry was absent in 1513.
By the mid-1520’s, Henry thought she
was too old and boring.
Anne Boleyn
Hugely fashionable and seen as beautiful by the standards
of the day.
Unpopular with the
people who saw her as a
wicked marriage-breaker.
Some thought she was a witch due to the fact she had an extra finger and a mark on her neck.
Cardinal Thomas Wolsey
A son of an Ipswich butcher, who rose to the rank of Henry VIII
First Minister.
Was placed in charge of
obtaining a divorce from the Pope for Henry
VIII.
Wolsey failed to obtain a divorce and was sacked by Henry VIII. Wolsey died in 1530 on
his way to London for his trial.
Thomas Cranmer
Took over negotiations on
behalf of Henry VIII for the divorce from
Wolsey in 1530.
Appointed as the first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury in
1533.Was a key figure in Henry VIII becoming Head of the English
Church.
Why did Henry VIII want to divorce Catherine of Aragon?
Henry VIII was getting bored of Catherine of Aragon.Henry VIII read a passage of the Bible which made him
question his marriage to Catherine.Catherine of Aragon had not produced a living son for
him.
Naughty Henry ……..
During the early 1520’s Henry
started a series of affairs as he
was getting bored of
Catherine.
Catherine became more
religious and was not interested in going to parties.
She was also ageing badly and
putting on weight.
Henry’s affairs included one with Bessie Blount, who produced a living son, called Henry.
A Biblical Tale
Catherine had once been married to
Henry’s older brother, Arthur.
The Pope had given special permission for
Henry to marry his brother’s widow.
With Henry getting bored of his marriage, he was reading the Bible where in Leviticus it
stated that a man should never marry his brother’s
widow and if he does they will be childless.
This gave Henry the religious backed he
needed to argue for a divorce.
Who follows Henry VIII?
Henry desperately needed a son to
continue the Tudor dynasty. By 1527, he
and Catherine had one daughter but no sons.
Henry now saw Catherine as too old to have any more children and had now fallen in love with a much younger woman – Anne Boleyn. Henry felt that Anne was more likely to give him the son he wanted.
Henry VIII quest for a divorce – 1527-33
At first, Henry tried to argue
that his marriage was illegal.
However, this was not the case.
The only chance Henry had a
getting a divorce was asking the Pope. The Pope
refused as he was being threatened by Spanish troops.
Henry hated the Pope having this control over him.
The stalemate between the Pope and Henry VIII
lasted between 1527-33.
Henry VIII becomes Head of the Church – 1533-4
Matters became more urgent in
1533 when Anne Boleyn became
pregnant.
Henry lost his patience with the negotiations with
the Pope.
Backed up by Cranmer and
Parliament, Henry ignored the Pope and made himself
Head of the Church of England.
As Head of the Church of England, Henry gave himself
a divorce and married Anne
Boleyn.
The Break with RomeHenry VIII as Head of the Church of England was confirmed in 1534 with
Act of Supremacy.
England was no longer a Catholic country. It had changed to a
Protestant country.
All church services and Bible readings were now in English and
churches were decorated differently.
This change was called the ‘break with Rome’ as it broke away from control from the Pope.
Main taskRead the worksheet carefully.
Use a pencil and a ruler to draw your chart.
Think carefully where you place each card.
Make sure you are able to explain your decisions.