Why Change 4-H Why Change 4-H Reporting?Reporting?

Immigration and intermarriage resulted in many Immigration and intermarriage resulted in many more youth of mixed race.more youth of mixed race.

Many of these have resented reporting Many of these have resented reporting themselves as being of only a single race.themselves as being of only a single race.

All recipients of federal funding must conform All recipients of federal funding must conform to new OMB standards in reporting.to new OMB standards in reporting.

Race reporting has changed several times! Race reporting has changed several times!

Race in 4-H by DecadeRace in 4-H by Decade

1914-1960 – two categories reported1914-1960 – two categories reported Total Youth, and Youth in Negro ClubsTotal Youth, and Youth in Negro Clubs 1960-1980 – White, Negro, All Other1960-1980 – White, Negro, All Other 1981-2003 – White, Black, American 1981-2003 – White, Black, American

Indian, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific IslanderIndian, Hispanic, Asian or Pacific Islander

Social-political constructsSocial-political constructs

““Federal racial and ethnic categories are Federal racial and ethnic categories are constructs that should not be interpreted as constructs that should not be interpreted as being genetic, biological, or anthropological in being genetic, biological, or anthropological in nature. nature.

Changes reflect population makeup, changes Changes reflect population makeup, changes in social attitudes and political concerns. in social attitudes and political concerns.

Categories are intended to combat Categories are intended to combat discrimination.” -OMBdiscrimination.” -OMB

From Race to EthnicityFrom Race to Ethnicity

Previously, we collectedPreviously, we collected White (not Hispanic)White (not Hispanic) Black (not Hispanic)Black (not Hispanic) Hispanic (of any race)Hispanic (of any race) American Indian or Alaskan NativeAmerican Indian or Alaskan Native Asian or Pacific IslanderAsian or Pacific Islander Now, Hispanic becomes an EthnicityNow, Hispanic becomes an Ethnicity So does Not HispanicSo does Not Hispanic

New Racial CategoriesNew Racial Categories

WhiteWhite Black or African AmericanBlack or African American American Indian or Alaska NativeAmerican Indian or Alaska Native AsianAsian Native Hawaiian or other Pacific IslanderNative Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 4 most common 2-race categories4 most common 2-race categories Balance: All other combinationsBalance: All other combinations Goal: report each category > 1% of populationGoal: report each category > 1% of population

Choose One or MORE…Choose One or MORE…

Self-identification is preferredSelf-identification is preferred (there are no objective standards)(there are no objective standards) (there are (there are no wrong answers)no wrong answers)

In group settings, use your best guessIn group settings, use your best guess ““Default” for Hispanic ethnicity is Default” for Hispanic ethnicity is

Native American raceNative American race

Potential ProblemPotential Problem

In the 2000 census, many Hispanics did In the 2000 census, many Hispanics did not want to check a race. They insisted not want to check a race. They insisted their race was Hispanic.their race was Hispanic.

In individual enrollment, everyone checks In individual enrollment, everyone checks either Hispanic or Not Hispaniceither Hispanic or Not Hispanic

Everyone checks one or more races.Everyone checks one or more races.

Net Result of Changes…Net Result of Changes…

Expect increases in % minority reachedExpect increases in % minority reached Expect kids increasingly to acknowledge Expect kids increasingly to acknowledge

a mixed heritage.a mixed heritage.

Why Change Club Why Change Club Reporting?Reporting?

Better distinguish between several quite Better distinguish between several quite different delivery modes we call Clubs.different delivery modes we call Clubs.

Enable the military to track the Enable the military to track the involvement of their youth in 4-H.involvement of their youth in 4-H.

Identify After-School groups using the Identify After-School groups using the Club model.Club model.

Why Changes in Why Changes in Camping?Camping?

Separate out Special InterestSeparate out Special Interest

Enable our Camp leaders to uniquely Enable our Camp leaders to uniquely identify their Day Camps.identify their Day Camps.

What Happened to What Happened to National Initiatives?National Initiatives?

ECOP has eliminated the term National ECOP has eliminated the term National InitiativeInitiative

ECOP also eliminated the term Base ECOP also eliminated the term Base ProgramProgram