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Who’s Who of GLOBAL II
Directions:
• Identify the unit this person came from
• Who they are (name)
• What did they accomplish?• What were they apart of?• What impact did they have?
Copernicus, Galileo & Newton
Scientific Revolution
Scientific Revolution: Science and logic were used to explain how the world worked –
people longer turned to the bible and the Catholic church for answers
Copernicus, Galileo & Newton
• Copernicus: Astronomer, developed the Heliocentric theory (idea that planets revolve around the sun)
• Galileo: Astronomer who proved Copernicus correct - put on trial by the Catholic church
• Newton: Mathematician and astronomer who helped developed calculus and the theory of gravity
Locke, Montesquieu & Rosseau
The Enlightenment
• Period in European history when REASON was used to understand and improve society.
• Also known as the Age of Reason
Locke, Montesquieu & Rousseau
• Locke: People have natural rights (life, liberty and property)
• Montesquieu: Power should be divided into 3 branches – separation of powers and checks and balances.
• Rousseau: Society is a social contract (all people agree to work for the common good of society)
Louis XVI, Napoleon & Robespierre
The French Revolution
• Event in which the people of France overthrew King Louis XVI and fought for more rights
Louis XVI, Napoleon & Robespierre
• Louis XVI: Overthrown by the people and was executed
• Napoleon: Ruler who came to power at the end of the French Revolution, Napoleonic Code and crowned himself Emperor
• Robespierre: Leader of the Jacobins (extremist group) during the Reign of Terror
Bolivar, San Martin & L’Overture
Latin American Revolutions
• Events where the colonies of Latin America (Central America, South America and Caribbean) fought to gain independence from Spain, Portugal and France
Bolivar, Martin, L’Overture
• Toussaint L’ Overture: Haitian, Ex-slave, protested by setting plantations on fire
• Jose de San Martin: Creole from Argentina - Liberated Peru , Argentina and Chile from colonial rule
• Simon Bolivar: Creole from Venezuela - Liberated present-day countries of Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Bolivia and Ecuador
Marx & Engels
Industrial Revolution
• Change from producing goods by hand to producing goods with machines in factories
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
• These two men believed laissez faire capitalism was bad
• Wrote the Communist Manifesto – all of history has been about class struggles
• Ideas of Marx and Engels became the foundation of Communism
Commodore Matthew Perry
Opening of Japan
• From 1600-1854 Japan was largely isolated and wanted little contact with the rest of the world
Commodore Matthew Perry
• Perry, from the US, sailed into Japan in order to open up the country to trade.
• Meiji Restoration: Emperor Meiji modernized and westernized Japan to AVOID BEING COLONIZED!
Czar Nicholas, Lenin & the Bolsheviks
Russian Revolution:
• Event where the people of Russia overthrew the Czar and created a new government
Lenin, Bolsheviks & Czar Nicholas II
• Czar Nicholas: Ruler of Russia, people thought he abused his power by denying the rights of the people
• Lenin & the Bolsheviks: Lenin was the leader of this radical group – gained support from the people by promising land, peace and bread – Brings Communism to Russia
Gandhi
Decolonization of India
• By the end of WWI in 1919, India had been a colony of Great Britain for almost 200 years. Post WWI, India began to increase its demands for independence
Mohandas Gandhi
• Nationalist leader who fought for independence from Great Britain using NON-VIOLENT methods– Salt March– Boycott of English goods– Homespun Movement
Stalin, Hitler & Mussolini
Totalitarian Dictatorships
• Post WWI, totalitarian dictatorships were established in 3 countries under 3 men
• Characteristics of totalitarian dictatorships:– Censorship– One political party– People were expected to put the needs of the
state before their own– Used propaganda to influence people’s thoughts
Mao Zedong & Deng Xiaoping
Communism in China
• 1949: China became the second country in the world (after the Soviet Union) to adopt communism
Mao Zedong & Deng Xiaoping
• Mao Zedong: – First communist dictator of China– Gained support of peasants – Modernized China through his plan THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD
and – Used violent young communists to eliminate all opposition –
CULTURAL REVOLUTION
• Deng Xiaoping: – Ruler after Mao Zedong– Changed Chinese economy to a market economy from a
command economy (The Four Modernizations)– Called in the army to end the Tiananmen Square protests
Gorbachev & Yeltsin
Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union
• Between 1989-1991, the Cold War ended and Communism disappeared from Europe
Mikhail Gorbachev & Boris Yeltsin
• Mikhail Gorbachev:– Soviet leader who help bring Communism to an end in the
Soviet Union– Perestroika: changed Soviet economy from command to
market– Glasnost: allowed freedom of speech within the Soviet
Union
• Boris Yeltsin: – First democratically elected President in the history of
Russia