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WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Surabaya 13 – 15 Juli 2011

WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

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Page 1: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria

Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Surabaya 13 – 15 Juli 2011

Page 2: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Corynebacterium diphtheriae• Bakteri gram positif, batang lurus atau sedikit

bengkok, diujungnya membesar• Anaerob fakultatif• Sel-sel tersusun tunggal atau berpasangan,

sering membentuk formasi V, L atau palisade (spt huruf Cina )

• Non motil, spora negatif, granulametakromatik positif

Page 3: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Alur Diagnosa Laboratorium

Diphteria(WHO manual)

Page 4: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Media kultur yang digunakan

• Columbia blood agar plate• Tellurite blood agar plate ( CTBA ; Hoyle’s)• Media Tinsdale (tes cystinase) → screening test

Page 5: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Biokimia• Reduksi nitrat (Rosco)• Hidrolisis Urea (Rosco)• Tes Pyrazinamidase (Rosco)• Fermentasi gula (Glukosa, Sukrosa, Maltosa, Starch) →

Hiss Serum Water Sugar• Tes Katalase• Biotyping (API CORYNE)

Tes Toxigenitas → Elek Test

Page 6: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Swab tenggorok ↓

Colombia blood agar plate + Hoyle’s agar plate(inkubasi 18 – 48 jam)

↓ CBA = abu2, kecil ↓ Hoyle’s = hitam, kering, kecil

Colombia blood agar + Hoyle’s agar plateDiambil 4 koloni tersangka

(inkubasi 18 – 48 jam) ↓ (koloni murni)

• Media Tinsdale (24 jam)• tes nitrat + tes urea + tes pyz (4 jam) → rapid test

• Hiis serum water sugar (24 jam)• tes biotyping (24 jam)• elek test (24 – 48 jam)

Page 7: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Colombia blood agar plate

Page 8: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Hoyle’s agar plate

Page 9: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes
Page 10: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Media Tinsdale (cystinase test)

Page 11: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Media Tinsdale (cystinase test)

NEGATIF POSITIFC. diphtheriae

C. ulceransC.

pseudotuberculosis

Page 12: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Nitrat• Dibuat suspensi kuman Mc Farland No.8• Dipipet 0,25 ml suspensi kuman ke dalam tabung steril• Ditambahkan 1 tablet Rosco Nitrate Reduction

Diagnostic• Di inkubasi selama 4 jam pada suhu 37 derajat Celcius• Ditambahkan 1 tetes dimethylnaphthylamine solution +

1 tetes sulfanilic acid solution

Positif = merah/pinkNegatif = tidak berwarna

Page 13: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Nitrat

Page 14: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Urease• Dibuat suspensi kuman Mc Farland No.8• Dipipet 0,25 ml suspensi kuman ke dalam tabung

steril• Ditambahkan 1 tablet Rosco Urease Reduction

Diagnostic• Di inkubasi selama 4 jam pada suhu 37 derajat

Celcius

Positif = merah/unguNegatif = kuning/oranye

Page 15: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Urease

Page 16: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Pyrazinamidase

• Dipipet 0,25 ml aquades steril ke dalam tabung steril• Ditambahkan koloni kuman hingga tersuspensi (Mc

Farland No.8)• Ditambahkan 1 tablet PYZ• Di inkubasi selama 4 jam pada suhu 37 derajat

Celcius

Positif = merah/oranyeNegatif = tidak berwarna

Page 17: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Tes Pyrazinamidase

Page 18: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes
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Hiss serum water sugar

Page 20: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

API Coryne kit

Tes Negatif

Tes Positif

Page 21: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

• Typical “gravis” 1010326

• Typical “mitis” 1010324

• Typical ”ulcerans” 0111326

Page 22: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

BIOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC CORYNEBACTERIA

CYS

PYZ

Alkaline Phosphatase

Nitrate

Urease

Acid produced from Gelatin Liquification

Glucose

Ribose

Maltose

Sucrose

Glycogen

Trehalose

C. diphtheriae

Var gravis + - - + - + + + - + N/A N/A

Var mitis + - - + - + + + - - N/A N/A

Var intermedius + - - + - + + + - - N/A N/A

Var belfanti + - - - - + + + - - N/A N/A

C. ulcerans + - + - + + + + - + + + at 25OC

C. pseudotuberculosis + - + - + + + + - - - - at 25OC

C. pseudodiphtheriticum - + V + + - - - - - N/A N/A

C. xerosis - + + + - + + + + - N/A N/A

C. striatum - + + + - + V - V - N/A N/A

C. amycolatum - + + V V + V V V - N/A N/A

Page 23: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Elek test

Page 24: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Elek Test

NCTC 10648++

test

NCTC 10356-

NCTC 3984±

NCTC 10648++

test

NCTC 10356-

Page 25: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Modifikasi Elek test

Page 26: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes
Page 27: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Sample preparation • Pipet 0.5 ml aquades steril ke dalam sterile Eppendorf

tubes (tutup ulir/screw tube)• Masukan koloni dari media Colombia/Hoyle (lakukan

hal yang sama pada kontrol)• Tabung2 diletakan pada dry heating block dan

dipanaskan pd suhu 100 derajat Celcius selama 15 menit

• di sentrifuge dgn kecepatan tinggi (13000 rpm) slm 1 menit

PCR for the detection of diphtheria toxin

Page 28: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Persiapan PCR Reaction Mixture misalnya untuk 9 reaksi (6 template DNA, water control, internal positive control (IPC), plus 1 extra to allow for pipette

error).

• 1. 10 x Reaction buffer 45 l • 2. MgCl2 (1.5 mM) 18 l

• 3. Nucleotides:(10mM, containing, 9 l

dATP, dCTP, dGTP and dTTP) • 4. Taq polymerase 2.5 units 4.5 l

• 5. Primer 1 (15pmol/l) 9 l • 6. Primer 2 (15pmol/l) 9 l • 7. Water (PCR grade) 337.5 l

TOTAL 432 l Vortex the PCR reaction mixture and proceed to the second stage.

Page 29: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Masing2 tabung ditambahkan : a. PCR reaction mixture 48 l

b. Internal control 1 l-add to all tubes except water control

c. Crude DNA sample 1 l-add to all tubes except water control

d. Water 2 -add to water control only

*Masing2 tabung ditambahkan mineral oil *Sentrifuge selama beberapa detik dalam micro centrifuge

Page 30: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

• Cycling times :1 cycle 96 derajat celcius 2 menit30 cycles 94 derajat celcius 15 detik

50 derajat celcius 15 detik

72 derajat celcius 30 detik1 cycle 72 derajat celcius 10 menit

Page 31: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

Electrophoresis

• 20 µl produk + 4 µl loading dye• Sampel di elektroforesa pada 2 % agarose gel

dalam buffer Tris Borate EDTA pH 8 (150 v)• Gel diwarnai dengan Ethidium bromide dan di

lihat hasilnya pada UV transilluminator

Page 32: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

• 1 Marker• 2-5 Test isolate • 6 Positive control• 7 Weak positive

control• 8 Negative control• 9 IPC control• 10 water control• 11 Marker

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buffer Tris Borate EDTA pH 8

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Page 36: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

DR. ANDROULLA EFSTRATIOU

(Androu)

Page 37: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

DR. ARUNI DE ZOYSA(RU)

Page 38: WHO Workshop on Laboratory Diagnosis of Diptheria Labkes

SekianDan

Terima kasih