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Who are the Hebrews?. What is Judaism?. The religion of the Hebrews The Jewish/Hebrew Bible is part of the Christian Bible (The Old Testament). Who is Abraham?. According to the Bible, God told Abraham to leave Mesopotamia and look for a new land. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Who are the Hebrews?
What is Judaism?
The religion of the Hebrews The Jewish/Hebrew Bible is part of
the Christian Bible (The Old Testament)
Who is Abraham?
According to the Bible, God told Abraham to leave Mesopotamia and look for a new land.
He left Mesopotamia and went to Canaan (current day Israel).
His descendants were called Hebrews.
There was a famine in Canaan so some Hebrews moved to Egypt.
Hebrews in Egypt
The Hebrew population grew in Egypt
This worried the Egyptian pharaoh who was afraid that the Hebrews would try to take over Egypt
To stop this from happening the pharaoh made the Hebrews slaves
Who is Moses?
A leader of the Hebrews In 1200BC God told Moses to lead
the Hebrews out of Egypt Moses went to the pharaoh and
demanded that he set the Hebrew slaves free
The Pharaoh refused
Soon after the pharaoh refused to set them free…plagues and disasters struck Egypt
This scared the pharaoh so he agreed to free the Hebrews
What is the Exodus?
Moses led his people out of Egypt in a journey called the Exodus
The Hebrews thought that their release from slavery proved that God loved them and was looking after them.
After their release….
The Hebrews wandered around the desert trying to return to Canaan.
During their wanderings they came to a mountain called Sinai The Bible says that this is where God gave Moses 2 stone tablets- The 10 Commandments
What are the Ten Commandments?
“I am God your Lord, who brought you out of Egypt, from the place of slavery.
Do not have any other Gods before Me
Do not take the name of God, your Lord in vain-God will not allow the one who talked his name in vain to go unpunished.
10 Comandments cont….
Remember the Sabbath to keep it holy
Honor your father and your mother. You will then live long on the land that God your lord is giving you.
Do not commit murder Do not commit adultery Do not steal
10 Commandments cont…..
Do not testify as a false witness against your neighbor.
Do not be envious of your neighbors’ house.
Do not be envious of your neighbors’ wife or anything else that is your neighbors’.
The return to Canaan
The Hebrews wandered for 40 years before they reached Canaan.
They conquered Canaan and became known as the Israelites
They lived in small scattered communities
Each community had its own judges as leaders
Philistines
In the 1000’s BC the Philistines invaded the Israelites (Hebrews)
The Israelites picked a leader named Saul to lead them in battle
Saul became the first king of Israel
King David
David was a servant is Saul’s palace Saul didn’t like David and made him
an outlaw For many years David lived in the
desert Once Saul died, David became King The Israelites loved David David defeated the Philistines
King David cont…..
King David captured many lands He also captured Jerusalem which
became Israel’s new capital
King Solomon
Was King David’s son He expanded the Kingdom He made Egypt and Phoenicia his
allies and started trading with them This made Israel very rich He built a huge temple dedicated to
God in Jerusalem
Invaders
After Solomon died, people fought about who should be king
Israel split into 2 kingdoms-Israel and Judah
The people of Judah became known as Jews
Scattering of Jews
The Chaldeans captured Jerusalem and made thousands of Jews their slaves
In 530 BC the Persians conquered the Chaldeans and let the Jews free
The Maccabees
A family called the Maccabees revolted and once again the Jews ruled their own kingdom
However they were soon conquered by the Romans
Hebrew Women
Couldn’t choose husband Had to obey husband Couldn’t inherit property
Important Hebrew Women
Queen Esther and Judge Deborah saved the Hebrews from their enemies
Ruth left her people to care for her mother-in-law-Naomi (was seen as a role model)