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Where have the Native Plant Species Gone?
By Mike ZielinskiCompilation by Aliana
Reichert-EberhardtMarch, 2009
In July 1942 9,000 acres burned
Seeding studies were conducted
No protection was given from grazing between 1942-48
July 1948 study data indicates many big sagebrush plants established on the site with a very poor distribution of seeded species. Seeded species included tall, Siberian, crested, bluebunch, thickspike, and western wheatgrasses; bulbous and big bluegrass; Indian ricegrass
and tall fescue.
November, 30 1942
““This study heavily damaged by a combination of gopher diggings This study heavily damaged by a combination of gopher diggings and severe grazing by rabbits and cattle.and severe grazing by rabbits and cattle.””
-- John M. John M. FanleyFanley
July 2000
Density
(plants/m2) % Cover
2000 2000
Sandberg's Bluegrass 9.3 3.50
Crested Wheatgrass 1.23 0.80
Fourwing
saltbush 0.00 0.00
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.00 0.00
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/ftsqCrested Wheatgrass 2 1.7 7.5153
Fourwing
Saltbush 1 0.3405 0.3456
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.5 0.0865 3.3772
Blue Flax 0.5 0.4238 4.0666
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7784 18.7082
Intermediate Wheatgrass 1 0.873 1.6049
Snake River Wheatgrass 1 0.827 0.2658
Forage Kochia 0.14 0.073 0.8416
Rice Hulls 0 0 0
Density
(plants/m2) % Cover
2008 2008
Sandberg's Bluegrass 5.28 1.70
Crested Wheatgrass 1.34 0.80
Fourwing
saltbush 0.11 4.40
Wyoming Big
Sagebrush 0.11 2.50
March 2008
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/ftsqCrested Wheatgrass 2 1.7 7.5153
Fourwing
Saltbush 1 0.3405 0.3456
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.5 0.0865 3.3772
Blue Flax 0.5 0.4238 4.0666
Snake River Wheatgrass 1 0.827 0.2658
Forage Kochia 0.14 0.073 0.8416
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7784 18.7082
Intermediate Wheatgrass 1 0.873 1.6049
Rice Hulls 0 0 0
June 1999
SpeciesBulk lbs/
Acre
PLS
lbs/Acre
Seeds/ sq
ft
Crested Wheatgrass 2.92 2.3582 10.8273
Wyoming big Sagebrush 0.99 0.1586 6.1925
Blue Flax 0.44 0.3469 3.3289
Forage Kochia 0.27 0.1434 1.6535
Fourwing
saltbush 2.65 0.8363 0.8486
Density (plants/m2) % Cover
1999 1999
Crested Wheatgrass 3.60 0.90
Wyoming Big Sage 0.40 0.00
Sandberg Bluegrass 3.40 3.90
Bottlebrush Squirreltail 0.10 0.50
June 2000
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2000 2000
Blue Flax 0.1 0
Crested Wheatgrass 3.00 2.30
Wyoming Big Sage 0.40 0.80
Bottlebrush Squirreltail 0.10 0.90
SpeciesBulk lbs/
Acre
PLS
lbs/Acre
Seeds/ sq
ft
Blue Flax 0.44 0.3469 3.3289
Crested Wheatgrass 2.92 2.3582 10.8273
Wyoming big Sagebrush 0.99 0.1586 6.1925
Forage Kochia 0.27 0.1434 1.6535
Fourwing
saltbush 2.65 0.8363 0.8486
March 2008
SpeciesBulk lbs/
Acre
PLS
lbs/Acre
Seeds/ sq
ft
Crested Wheatgrass 2.92 2.3582 10.8273
Wyoming big Sagebrush 0.99 0.1586 6.1925
Blue Flax 0.44 0.3469 3.3289
Forage Kochia 0.27 0.1434 1.6535
Fourwing
saltbush 2.65 0.8363 0.8486
Density (plants/m2) % Cover
2008 2008
Crested Wheatgrass 2.50 2.00
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.0 1.10
Sandberg Bluegrass 9.50 5.40
Bottlebrush Squirreltail 0.40 0.40
February 2004
August 2000
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2000 2000
Crested Wheatgrass 2.4 0.7
Alfalfa 1 0.5
Flax 0.1 0
Rabbitbrush 0.1 9
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/SqftCrested Wheatgrass 1.5 1.213 5.5694
Alfalfa 1 0.8057 4.1951
Blue Flax 0.1 0.0774 0.7424
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7184 17.2672
Forage Kochia 0.1 0.0533 0.6146
Fourwing
Saltbush 3 0.9447 0.9586
Snake River Wheatgrass 1.5 1.145 3.68
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 1 0.16 6.2478
June 2002
Density (plants/m2) % Cover
2002 2002
Crested Wheatgrass 1.8 1.5
Alfalfa 0.4 0.8
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/SqftCrested Wheatgrass 1.5 1.213 5.5694
Alfalfa 1 0.8057 4.1951
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7184 17.2672
Blue Flax 0.1 0.0774 0.7424
Forage Kochia 0.1 0.0533 0.6146
Fourwing
Saltbush 3 0.9447 0.9586
Snake River Wheatgrass 1.5 1.145 3.68
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 1 0.16 6.2478
October 2008
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2008 2008
Forage Kochia 0.2 1.7
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.1 3.6
Rabbitbrush 0.1 0
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.1 1.6
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/Sqft
Forage Kochia 0.1 0.0533 0.6146
Fourwing
Saltbush 3 0.9447 0.9586
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 1 0.16 6.2478
Alfalfa 1 0.8057 4.1951
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7184 17.2672
Blue Flax 0.1 0.0774 0.7424
Snake River Wheatgrass 1.5 1.145 3.68
June 1995
Density (plants/m2) % Cover1995 1995
Alfalfa 8.1 1.95
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.1 0.08
Forage Kochia 0.8 0.53
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.08 0
Sandberg's Bluegrass 1.90 1.55
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS/Acre Seeds/SqftAlfalfa 1.7 1.3728 7.1474
Fourwing
Saltbush 5 1.575 1.5982
Forage Kochia 0.75 0.405 4.6711
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 2 0.32 12.4956
Blue Flax 0.75 0.588 5.6424
Rice Hulls 2 0 0
Density (plants/m2) % Cover1996 1996
Alfalfa 3.5 5.06
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.06 1.39
Forage Kochia 2.4 11.5
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.04 0.01
Sandberg's Bluegrass 1.60 5.31
June 1996
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS/Acre Seeds/Sqft
Alfalfa 1.7 1.3728 7.1474
Fourwing
Saltbush 5 1.575 1.5982
Forage Kochia 0.75 0.405 4.6711
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 2 0.32 12.4956
Blue Flax 0.75 0.588 5.6424
Rice Hulls 2 0 0
August 2004
Density (plants/m2) % Cover
2004 2004
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.06 0.28
Forage Kochia 2.8 5.5
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.27 0.84
Sandberg's Bluegrass 2.60 2.11
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS/Acre Seeds/SqftFourwing
Saltbush 5 1.575 1.5982
Forage Kochia 0.75 0.405 4.6711
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 2 0.32 12.4956
Alfalfa 1.7 1.3728 7.1474
Blue Flax 0.75 0.588 5.6424
Rice Hulls 2 0 0
February 10, 2004 February 23, 2004
May 1998
Species Bulk bls/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seed/sqft
Blue Flax 1.2 0.9408 9.0279
Forage Kochia 1.4 0.756 8.7193
Fourwing
Saltbush 4 1.26 1.2786
Siberian
Wheatgrass 4.7 3.7953 17.9482
Density (plants/m2) % Cover1998 1998
Blue Flax 0.11 0.52
Forage Kochia 20.9 5.48
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.1 2.05
Siberian Wheatgrass 4.7 6.89
Sandberg Bluegrass 8.5 7.41
Big Sage 0.02 0
Rabbitbrush 0 0.19
May 2000
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2000 2000
Forage Kochia 0.4 7.39
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.1 2.11
Siberian Wheatgrass 2.5 2.59
Sandberg Bluegrass 6.2 4.25
Big Sage 0.02 0.19
Rabbitbrush 0.01 0
Species Bulk bls/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seed/sqft
Forage Kochia 1.4 0.756 8.7193
Fourwing
Saltbush 4 1.26 1.2786
Siberian
Wheatgrass 4.7 3.7953 17.9482
Blue Flax 1.2 0.9408 9.0279
June 2007
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2007 2007
Forage Kochia 0.72 8.38
Fourwing
Saltbush 0.1 3.36
Siberian Wheatgrass 0.56 0.75
Sandberg Bluegrass 7.3 3.65
Big Sage 0.01 0.09
Rabbitbrush 0.01 0.19
Species Bulk bls/AcrePLS lbs/Acre Seed/sqft
Forage Kochia 1.4 0.756 8.7193
Fourwing Saltbush 4 1.26 1.2786
Siberian Wheatgrass 4.7 3.7953 17.9482
Blue Flax 1.2 0.9408 9.0279
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2001 2001
Snake River Wheatgrass ‐‐‐ 0.60
Big Bluegrass ‐‐‐ 0.6
Crested Wheatgrass 0.9 ‐‐‐
Forage Kochia 0.1 ‐‐‐
Fourwing Saltbush ‐‐‐ 0.1
Sandberg Bluegrass 11.4 9.90
Squirreltail ‐‐‐ 0.20
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seed/Sq ft
Snake River Wheatgrass 0.99 0.7549 2.4263
Big Bluegrass 0.99 0.7105 17.0774
Crested Wheatgrass 1.49 1.2042 5.5288
Forage Kochia 0.24 0.1303 1.5024
Fourwing Saltbush 0.99 0.3109 0.3154
Great Basin Wildrye 0.99 0.7549 2.4957
Alfalfa 1.01 0.8146 4.2412
July 2001
Density (plants/m2) % Cover
2009 2009
Snake River Wheatgrass 1.10 3.50
Crested Wheatgrass 2 4.6
Sandberg Bluegrass 6.60 2.80
Squirreltail 0.20 ‐‐‐
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seed/Sq ft
Snake River Wheatgrass 0.99 0.7549 2.4263
Crested Wheatgrass 1.49 1.2042 5.5288
Alfalfa 1.01 0.8146 4.2412
Big Bluegrass 0.99 0.7105 17.0774
Forage Kochia 0.24 0.1303 1.5024
Fourwing Saltbush 0.99 0.3109 0.3154
Great Basin Wildrye 0.99 0.7549 2.4957
March 2009
Snake River WheatgrassBasin Wildrye
July 2007
SpeciesBulk
lbs/Acre
PLS
lbs/Acre Seed/Sq ft
Snake River Wheatgrass 0.99 0.7549 2.4263
Crested Wheatgrass 1.49 1.2042 5.5288
Alfalfa 1.01 0.8146 4.2412
Big Bluegrass 0.99 0.7105 17.0774
Forage Kochia 0.24 0.1303 1.5024
Fourwing Saltbush 0.99 0.3109 0.3154
Great Basin Wildrye 0.99 0.7549 2.4957
Density (plants/m2)% Cover
2007 2007
Snake River Wheatgrass 0.56 1.3
Crested Wheatgrass 1.23 3.9
Sandberg Bluegrass 12.56 10.3
Squirreltail 0.67 0.8
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 0.11 0
September 2000
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/ Acre Seed/Sqft
Alfalfa 1 0.8061 4.1968
Blue Flax 0.25 0.1942 1.8639
Crested Wheatgrass 2 1.615 7.4151
Forage Kochia 0.25 0.1338 1.543
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7187 17.2741
Fourwing Saltbush 2.5 0.7872 0.7988
Snake River Wheatgrass 1 0.7636 2.4542
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 1.01 0.1609 6.2814
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2000 2000
Alfalfa 4.48 1
Blue Flax 0.45 0.2
Crested Wheatgrass 5.26 0.7
Sandberg Bluegrass 2.13 1.6
Squirreltail 0.56 0.4
Rabbitbrush 0.11 0
August 2001
Density (plants/m2) % Cover2001 2001
Alfalfa 0.45 1.2
Crested Wheatgrass 6.50 2.7
Phlox 0.90 1
Sandberg Bluegrass 1.90 2
Squirreltail 0.67 0.7
Thurbers Needlegrass 0.11 0
Lupin 0.45 0
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/ Acre Seed/Sqft
Alfalfa 1 0.8061 4.1968
Crested Wheatgrass 2 1.615 7.4151
Big Bluegrass 1 0.7187 17.2741
Blue Flax 0.25 0.1942 1.8639
Forage Kochia 0.25 0.1338 1.543
Fourwing Saltbush 2.5 0.7872 0.7988
Snake River Wheatgrass 1 0.7636 2.4542
Wyoming Big Sagebrush 1.01 0.1609 6.2814
November 2001
SpeciesBulk
lbs/Acre PLS/Acre Seeds/Sqft
Alfalfa 1.7 1.3728 7.1474
Blue Flax 0.75 0.588 5.6424
Fourwing Saltbush 5 1.575 1.5982
Forage Kochia 0.75 0.405 4.6711
Wyoming Big
Sagebrush 2 0.32 12.4956
June 1994
Density (plants/m2)1994
Fourwing Saltbrush 0.19
Siberian Wheatgrass 2.24
Basin Big Sagebrush 1.03
Rabbitbrush 0.09
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/sqft
Fourwing Saltbush 1.96 0.6176 0.6268
Siberian Wheatgrass 7.35 5.9375 28.0791
Density (plants/m2)
1998
Fourwing Saltbrush 0.20
Siberian Wheatgrass 0.78
Basin Big Sagebrush 0.44
Rabbitbrush 0.12
May 1998
Species Bulk lbs/Acre PLS lbs/Acre Seeds/sqft
Fourwing Saltbush 1.96 0.6176 0.6268
Siberian Wheatgrass 7.35 5.9375 28.0791
February 2004
February 2004
February 2004
February 2004
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