environmental analysis

when experience counts

your laboratory needs –our solutions

New contaminants, performance-based methods,endocrine disruptors, homeland security; even thoughenvironmental analysis has been around for a long time,new needs continue to develop. Whether your laboratoryis in Europe, the U.S., China or anywhere in the world,we can help you keep up with a changing environment.

In developed nations, increased laboratory productivitywill continue to be a driving force. Leveraging techniquesdeveloped for other industries, such as high-throughputscreening techniques, can help meet these needs. Smaller,more compact instruments take up less laboratory spaceand provide the flexibility to respond to events requiringon-site analysis.

In developing nations, PerkinElmer’s experience andknowledge of established regulations and methods canprovide a quick start to new laboratories. Easy-to-useinstruments with local-language capabilities simplifyinstrument set-up and training. Plus, global service andsupport are there to assist in any aspect of your analysis.

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PerkinElmer has been a pioneer in the analytical measurements business for more than 60 years.

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Analytical measurements permeate all aspects of theenvironment. They help ensure that our quality of lifeis preserved now and for future generations. Whetherthese measurements are performed on-site, on-line orin a laboratory, the quality of the data generated mustmatch the needs of the project.

PerkinElmer® can provide all of the systems and supportyou need:

• High-quality, rugged instrumentation, supported bya global leader in analytical measurements, ensureshigh-quality data.

• Dedicated account managers can help you choosethe correct application solution.

• Knowledgeable technical specialists can answerapplication questions before, during and afteryour purchase.

• PerkinElmer has the environmental expertise to actas a conduit of information between you, the regula-tory agencies and our product development groups.

• Turnkey methods reduce the time before an instru-ment is qualified and can ensure data acceptableto regulatory programs.

• Our customer training programs maximize the valueof your system in efficiency and range-of-use.

• PerkinElmer’s factory-trained service representativeswill help you minimize downtime with innovativecustomized contract programs and prompt service visits.

• A range of leasing options is available to keep yourlab up-to-date with the latest technologies, whilepreserving cash flow.

A knowledgeable partner, such as PerkinElmer, canhelp you keep up with the changes facing environ-mental laboratories today and in the future. Newinstrumentation, software enhancements and turnkeymethods from the knowledge leader in environmentalanalysis will ensure that you remain ahead in today’sbusiness climate.

knowledgeable support

provides solutions

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The sensitivity of other organisms and bioaccumulation potentialscontribute to the overall view of contaminant distribution.

The workplace must beevaluated to ensure workersafety and protection.

Waste evaluation helpsto determine suitabledisposal and remediationof contaminated sites.

Routine air analysis andfugitive emission monitoringprovide clean air andreduce industrial costs.

Human health must be evaluatedto determine the chemicals weare exposed to and to determinethe toxicity or endocrine-disrupting potential of thesechemicals.

The environment must becharacterized to establishsources of chemical exposureand to measure pristine levelsfor future preservation.

high quality systems for

evolving application needs

PerkinElmer offers a wide variety of instrument systems,both laboratory and transportable, to fit the workload andanalytical requirements of the environmental laboratory.

Atomic spectroscopy solutions

Many environmental problems revolve around thedetermination of trace levels of elemental contaminantsin water, soil, sludge, air and industrial hygiene samples.PerkinElmer offers a complete line of instrumentationdesigned to measure these elements precisely andaccurately at the levels you need (see Table 1). Inorganicelemental analysis can be performed by graphite furnaceatomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) with Zeemanor continuum-source background correction, inductivelycoupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES),flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), mercurycold vapor/hydride and inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry (ICP-MS) systems.

Atomic absorption

The AAnalyst™ series of atomic absorption instru-ments provides either stand-alone flame, graphitefurnace capability or combined flame and graphitefurnace capability with automated switchover betweenthe two techniques. Utilizing stabilized temperatureplatform furnace (STPF)concepts, PerkinElmer graphitefurnace systems ensure accurateresults, freedom from interfer-ences and high productivity.For laboratories determiningcontaminants at part-per-millionconcentration levels, flameatomic absorption systems arethe perfect choice, providingthe utmost in performance,reliability and safety. And,systems with easy-to-usetouch-screen control canchange between multiplelanguages at the touch ofa button.

Mercury analysis

Cold vapor/hydride yields the lowest detection limitsfor mercury and can be used to determine arsenic,selenium and other hydride-forming elements. Thesedeterminations can be automated through the use offlow injection techniques. The Flow Injection MercurySystem (FIMS) provides stand-alone automated mercurydeterminations. The capability of the system can befurther extended, when coupled with amalgamation,to generate the ultimate detection limits for mercury.Table 2 shows the detection limits for mercury that can

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Table 1. Detection Limits for Selected Elements by Various Inorganic Techniques (µg/L)

Element FAAS GFAAS ICP-OES ICP-OES ICP-MS DRCRadial Axial ICP-MS

Al 45 0.1 3 1 0.006 0.005

As 150 0.03 50 2 0.006 0.0006

Cd 0.8 0.008 1 0.1 0.003 0.00009

Cr 3 0.03 2 0.2 0.02 0.0002

Fe 5 0.1 2 0.1 0.005 0.0003

Mn 1.5 0.035 0.4 0.1 0.002 0.00007

Pb 15 0.06 10 1 0.001 0.00004

Se 100 0.3 50 4 0.06 0.0007

Tl 15 0.15 30 2 0.0005 0.0002

Source: Guide to Atomic Spectroscopy Techniques and Applications, PerkinElmer, Inc. 2000.Some DRC ICP-MS measurements were obtained under clean room conditions.

Flow Injection Mercury System.

be obtained using different techniques, combined withother elements as part of a multielemental analysis ormeasured separately in a dedicated analysis.

ICP-OES

ICP-OES provides high sample throughput for manyelements over a wide range of analyte concentrations.PerkinElmer ICP systems with axial viewing havesignificantly lower detection limits than traditionalradial view systems – a critical achievement for envi-ronmental laboratories wishing to combine traditionalgraphite furnace and ICP-OES elements into a singledetermination. The Optima™ family of ICP-OESspectrometers takes ICP analysis even further – offeringthe only systems with a patented dual-view configura-tion for both axial and radial viewing in the same

analysis. This provides the full range of concentrations,from low ppb to high ppm levels, encountered in mostenvironmental laboratories.

ICP-MS

The ELAN® family of ICP-MS systems combines thespeed of ICP with the ultimate detection limit capabilitiesfor trace environmental contaminant analysis. ICP-MShas become the routine choice for demanding environ-mental laboratories. In addition, the ICP-MS can beused for isotopic analyses and the determination oflong-lived radioisotopes such as thorium, uranium,plutonium and technetium, expanding your laboratory’scapabilities. Couple the ICP-MS with a separationtechnology such as HPLC or ion chromatography andChromera™ software for an integrated system to measureindividual metal-containing compounds – a must forlaboratories studying toxicology or environmental mobility.

Sample preparation

Sample preparation is the critical step in any analysis,especially at trace levels. Contamination during thepreparation step or loss of analytes can dramaticallyaffect the accuracy of results. The ability to digestdifficult samples reproducibly or digest in a closedenvironment can be especially important as detectionlimit requirements continue to be driven to lowerlevels. The Multiwave™ microwave digestion systemoffers compliance with U.S., European and otherregulatory methods.

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Table 2. Mercury Detection Limits by Various Techniques

Technique Detection Limit (µµg/L)

ICP-OES 1

ICP-MS 0.016

Flow Injection AAS 0.1

Flow Injection FIMS (dedicated analyzer) 0.004

Flow Injection FIMS with amalgamation 0.0002

ELAN DRC-e ICP-MS.

Simultaneous As-Cr-Se Speciation.

organics analysis fromsample handling to detection

Gas chromatography (GC) and GC/MS

Many complex environmental materials must beanalyzed for specific organic compounds. Forinstance, industrial wastewater must be analyzedfor volatile and semivolatile priority pollutants.Agricultural products must be analyzed for pesti-cide residues and degradation products, and solidand hazardous waste must be analyzed for toxicmaterials before (and sometimes after) it is depositedin a landfill. PerkinElmer offers a complete familyof gas chromatography products that can carry outthese determinations and that have been optimizedfor regulatory methods. TurboMatrix™ automatedheadspace and thermal desorption sample-handlingaccessories provide integrated sampling options.The Clarus® family of GCs supports a variety of detectors, including mass spectrometry. Otherdetectors such as electrolytic conductivity, pho-toionization, electron capture, flame ionization,nitrogen phosphorus, flame photometry or thermalconductivity are also available to configure a systemsuited to virtually any environmental analysis.

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is increasingly applied to difficult environmental

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Figure 1. Simultaneous selected ion and full ion (SIFI) scanning on theClarus GC/MS.

PerkinElmer gas chromatography solutions include Clarus GC andGC/MS, TurboMatrix headspace and thermal desorption samplingaccessories, and TotalChrom chromatography software.

analyses. The Clarus GC/MS provides low detectionlimits for the measurement of semivolatile and volatileorganic compounds in drinking water or wastewater.Increased sensitivity, further enhanced by large-volumeinjections, makes the determination of multicomponentpesticides in water or soil extracts feasible and extendsthe use of mass spectrometry. Figure 1 shows the simul-taneous collection of data using selected ion and fullion (SIFI™) scanning mode to combine quantitativesensitivity with library searching capabilities, a newtechnique to enhance laboratory productivity. Advancesin technology, such as a quadrupole prefilter and newdetector technology, make the system more rugged forthe analysis of dirty samples, minimizing downtimeand cleanup frequency. Plus, TurboMass™ GC/MSsoftware assures method compliance and increasedproductivity in the environmental laboratory withexpanded resources for evaluation and reporting.

Organic sample handling

Headspace samplers with a built-in preconcentrationtrap provide up to 100 times lower detection limits forcompletely automated determination of volatiles indrinking water, wastewater or soil. Automated thermaldesorption, with Peltier cooling instead of liquid

cryogen, provides the standard for air collection andautomated analysis of ozone precursors and air toxics.

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

Many of the materials that have the potential toadversely affect the environment are thermally unstableat typical gas chromatographic temperatures. Highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) offers themeans to measure these compounds. HPLC is used forthe determination of polynuclear aromatic hydrocar-bons (PAHs) in soil and water using procedures such as U.S. EPA Methods 610, 550 and 8310. Carbamatepesticides are an important contaminant and aredetermined using a post-column reaction systemdescribed in U.S. EPA Method 531.1. A Series 200HPLC system from PerkinElmer, coupled with theappropriate accessories, provides an integrated systemfor this application. There is also growing interest inthe use of HPLC for phenoxy acid herbicide analysis.

The Series 200 binary pump can be combined with the PerkinElmer Series 200 photo diode array detectorcoupled with IRIS™ spectral processing software andsuitable columns for a versatile and highly sensitiveenvironmental analysis system. The Series 200autosampler, Series 200a fluorescence detector and

PerkinElmer chromatography data systems can expandthe system for additional automation and applications.TotalChrom® chromatographic data-handling softwareuses an integrated approach to provide a PC-controlledsystem optimized for methods development and highsample throughput. Optional software is available toaid you in custom method development.

HPLC can also be coupled with inorganic detectors,such as ICP-MS, to provide separation and subsequentdetection of metallic compounds important to determining mobility, toxicity and bioavailability.Speciation is a growing application area and is rapidlybecoming more routine in many countries.

Sample preparation

Sample preparation is often the time-limiting step inan analysis. Microwave-assisted solvent extraction canimprove reproducibility and reduce the time requiredfor this important step. The Multiwave microwavesystem provides the ultimate in safety and productivity.

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Chromatogram of ozone precursor components.

Smoggy morning in Guangzhou, China.

complete offerings for environmental testing

Ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy

UV/Vis instruments may be used for any regulatoryanalyses requiring colorimetric or spectrophotometricdetection, such as phenols and cyanides in wastewater.The PerkinElmer LAMBDA™ series of UV/Vis spectro-photometers can be configured with preprogrammedmethods to perform many of the required U.S. andEuropean chemistries. Fluorescence instruments, suchas the LS-55, offer synchronous and emission scans for characterization and quantitation of polyaromatichydrocarbons (PAHs). Fluorescence is useful in identifying organic materials in many matrices. Three-dimensional fluorescence scanning can aid in finger-printing organic species, such as gasoline in soil.

Elemental analysis

The PerkinElmer 2400 Series II Elemental Analyzer iscapable of determining carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen andsulfur in a wide variety of environmental samples.

Organic particulate matter in water consists primarilyof plankton, both phytoplankton (plant) and zooplankton(animal). Because organic particulate matter forms animportant part of the aquatic food chain, an under-standing of the level and distribution of this particulatematter is important to oceanographers and marinebiologists. The PerkinElmer 2400 Series II CHNS/O

elemental analyzer measures the carbon and carbon-to-nitrogen mole ratios of material collected on filters andin sediments as a measure of the organic life cycle inwater. These measurements can also be extended toinclude the analysis of periphyton. An importantapplication for ecologists is the analysis of soil and treesamples. The effect of acid rain and fertilizer applicationare studied through the determination of the total contentof carbon and nitrogen in soil, the organic-to-inorganiccarbon ratio and the changes in carbon and nitrogencontent in leaves and tree trunks.

Wherever Kjeldahl analysis can be used for agriculturalmaterials such as feeds and fertilizers, the PerkinElmer2410 Series II Elemental Analyzer offers an Associationof Analytical Communities (AOAC® International)approved alternative.

PerkinElmer Elemental Analyzers feature microprocessorcontrol for optimum performance in both quality andspeed. Additionally, PerkinElmer microbalances offerautomatic weight transfer to the analyzers, reducingtranscription errors.

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LAMBDA UV/Vis.

Alpine environment near Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.

Thermal analysis

Thermal analysis systems are also available for envi-ronmental research applications. Thermogravimetricanalysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared(TGA/FT-IR) or mass spectrometry is used to identifyand quantitate gases evolved from a sample undercontrolled heating. The Thermogravimetric Analyzer or the simultaneous Thermogravimetric/DifferentialThermal Analyzer (TG/DTA) is used to measure thevolatile organic content of solid and liquid pesticides.The volatility data may be used to assist in determiningthe human health risks associated with workplaceexposure to volatile pesticides.

Radioactivity

Determining radioactive contaminants in drinking water,wastewater and food is an important component ofenvironmental protection. Our broad range of nuclearcounter instrumentation offers solutions for manyapplications in this important field. The Tri-Carb® LiquidScintillation Counter (LSC) family offers solutions from a low-sensitivity, low-cost alternative up to a high-sensitivity, low-radioactivity-level instrument withautomatic sample changing mechanism. The uniquePerkinElmer 1220 Quantulus or Tri-Carb 3170TR/SLinstruments offer the highest possible sensitivity fordetecting trace levels of radiation in environmentalsamples. Those who need to measure samples in acontinuous-flow format can choose one of the FlowScintillation Analyzers for on-line radioactivity monitoring.

For convenient sample preparation, the PerkinElmerOxidizer 307 can be used to combust samples. Theadvantage of combustion over commonly used solubi-lization techniques is that we can physically separate3H and 14C isotopes, providing full isotopic separationwith virtually no cross-talk between isotopes.

Our range of nuclear counter instrumentation can be usedfor many other environmental monitoring related fieldsas well – homeland security (dirty-bomb detection), groundwater circulation studies, agricultural studies, radiocar-bon dating and monitoring of materials at power plants.

Microbiological measurements

Bacteria are a common contaminant in water and foodand must be measured to ensure that the type andconcentration is not sufficient to cause illness. We canhelp with assays to identify the most common bacteriaregulated in drinking water with DELFIA® technologyimmunometric microplate assays as well as lumines-cence-based microbiological assays using the PerkinElmerVICTOR3™ multilabel plate reader or the VICTOR3

Light microplate luminometer.

High-throughput preparation and measurement

The ability to process large numbers of samples in ahigh-throughput mode is common in the pharmaceuticalindustry. Techniques which have been accepted for manyyears are moving into other industries that can benefitfrom more economical and rapid information genera-tion. Flexible automation and liquid handling systemsare key to successful implementation of high-throughputsample preparation. Flexible workstations like theMultiPROBE® II, capable of adapting to a variety ofsamples, labware types, capacity requirements andmethodologies, are available from PerkinElmer. Integratedworkstations can provide complete application solu-tions from sample preparation to results generation by combining core liquid handling technology withdetection systems capable of measuring absorbance,luminescence, fluorescence and other methodologies.

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MultiPROBE II Automated Liquid Handling System.

bringing it all together with LIMS

In today’s environmental laboratory, the need to meetever-changing regulations has increased dramaticallysince the mid-1990’s. Laboratories across the worldface the need to perform a higher volume of testing and improve data security in order to ensure the safetyof their nation’s water supply. Governmental organiza-tions such as the National Environmental LaboratoryAccreditation Conference (NELAC) in the United Statesare working to assure that the decisions made fromanalytical data have a sound technical, scientific andstatistical basis.

LABWORKS™ Laboratory Information ManagementSystem (LIMS) provides a comprehensive solution formeeting new regulatory requirements. LABWORKSautomates the process of ensuring data integrity bylimiting data access to authorized users. Audit trailsmake it possible to trace the history of any particularpiece of data.

LABWORKS LIMS is a leader in the environmental LIMSindustry with a history of providing solutions to local,state, federal and commercial laboratories. One of the main benefits is its ability to meet the needs of theenvironmental industry, fully operational upon installa-tion, without the need for customization. Add to that our commitment to the highest quality support – from

pre-implementation, to installation and training – and you’ve got a LIMS that leads the industry. In fact,over 90% of our current customers would recommendLABWORKS to other LIMS users. From our detaileddiscovery process that helps labs understand workflow to our knowledgeable implementation team and comprehensive support plans – LABWORKS is theLIMS of choice.

The Process Scheduler module allows labs to automati-cally schedule routine samples and provides a calendarview of samples and color-coded status. Bar-coded dataentry saves time and eliminates manual data-entry errors.Virtually limitless reporting capabilities allow laboratoriesto create custom reports such as discharge monitoringreports (DMR) and regulatory reports for state and federalagencies. LABWORKS LIMS also includes capabilities forCLP reporting and electronic data deliverables.

LABWORKS understands the demands placed onenvironmental laboratories to meet increasing regulationswith limited manpower. Our solutions help labs increaseworkflow, eliminate errors and provide secure, audit-trailedresults. The combination of LABWORKS LIMS andPerkinElmer instruments creates a total solution forroutine environmental laboratories, water supply ortreatment facilities.

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Microsoft® Outlook® interface for streamlined navigation.

New calendar function shows a monthly display and daily listing of samples.

comprehensive service and support for today’s

results-driven lab

With over 60 years of experience, and as a world leaderin analytical instrumentation, PerkinElmer is the rightpartner for the environmental industry. In concert withglobal distribution of instruments, turnkey systems,and consumables, we provide factory-trained globalservice and support.

PerkinElmer’s Laboratory Services provides you with acomprehensive worldwide service offering that allowsyou to take care of business and set your sights on whatmatters most – results. With over 1000 factory-trainedprofessionals serving more than 125 countries world-wide, PerkinElmer is your single source for instrumentcare and repair, validation services, software and hard-ware upgrades, education and more.

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— Chuck Schneider,Global Director,Environmental Analysis

worldwide applications support,

coupled with

factory-trained servicekeeps your lab productive

For a complete listing of our global offices, visit www.perkinelmer.com/lasoffices

©2007 PerkinElmer, Inc. All rights reserved. The PerkinElmer logo and design are registered trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc. AAnalyst, Optima, TurboMatrix, SIFI, LAMBDAand LABWORKS are trademarks and PerkinElmer, Clarus, TotalChrom, Tri-Carb, DELFIA and MultiPROBE are registered trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc. or its subsidiaries, in the United States and other countries. ELAN is a registered trademark of MDS Sciex, a division of MDS, Inc. Multiwave is a trademark of Anton Paar, GmbH. AOAC is aregistered trademark of AOAC International. Microsoft and Outlook are registered trademarks of Microsoft, Inc. All other trademarks not owned by PerkinElmer, Inc. or itssubsidiaries that are depicted herein are the property of their respective owners. PerkinElmer reserves the right to change this document at any time without notice anddisclaims liability for editorial, pictorial or typographical errors.

007020A_01 Printed in USA

PerkinElmer, Inc.940 Winter StreetWaltham, MA 02451 USAPhone: (800) 762-4000 or (+1) 203-925-4602www.perkinelmer.com

Whatever you’re looking for, we’ve got it

PerkinElmer is a leading provider of scientificinstruments, consumables and services to the environmental testing, pharmaceutical, biomedical,forensics and general industrial markets, providingintegrated solutions, from sample handling andanalysis to communication of test results.

If you are designing a new laboratory or updating anexisting facility, look to partner with PerkinElmer toprovide a full range of analytical solutions for yourbusiness – for the long term.

PerkinElmer, Inc.