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Matter, Classify Matter
At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:
1. Classify a mixture of matter based on their physical and chemical properties
2. Characterize various types of matter
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RULE 9
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time.
Types of Matter
Pure Substance- Matter with a fixed composition It has distinct properties Examples = elements
compounds
Types of Matter
Mixtures- Most matter is a mixture The composition is not fixed (changes
from sample to sample) Two Types –
HomogeneousHeterogeneous
Homogeneous Mixtures
Composition is uniform throughout Solution-
Particle size = 0.01 – 1 nm Doesn’t settle out upon standing Can’t be separated by filtering Doesn’t scatter light Example = salt water
Colloid- Particle size = 1 – 1000 nm Doesn’t settle out upon standing Can’t be separated by filtering Scatters light (Tyndall Effect) Examples = milk, gelatin, smoke
Homogeneous Mixtures
Heterogeneous Mixtures - Suspension
The sample varies in composition, properties and appearance
No uniformity If a suspension: Particle size is greater than 1000 nm Particles settle out upon standing Can be separated by filtration Might scatter light Examples = soil, trail mix, pond water
Let’s Look at Some Examples:
Mixtures are variable combinations of 2 or more pure substances.
Heterogeneous –visibly separate phases
Homogeneous – Same throughout
Pure substance vs. MixtureOnly ONE element has 2 or more or compound. elements/ (distilled water) compounds.
Pure substance vs. MixtureOnly ONE element has 2 or more or compound. elements/ (distilled water) compounds.
Air is a mixture of several gases.
Name Formula amount
Nitrogen N2 78 %
Oxygen O2 21 %
Argon Ar 1 %
Carbon CO2 0.03 %
Dioxide
Air is a mixture of several gases
Name Formula Amount
Neon Ne 0.002 %
Methane CH4 0.0002 %
Helium He 0.000524 %
Krypton Kr 0.000114 %
Hydrogen H2 0.00005 %
Xenon Xe 0.0000087 %
Atoms are NOT the same as molecules. Air and oxygen are NOT the same. Helium and hot air are NOT the same.
Atoms are NOT the same as molecules. Air and oxygen are NOT the same. Helium and hot air are NOT the same.
Is the composition uniform?
NoYes
MATTER
Can it be physically separated?
Homo-geneous Mixture
(solution)
Hetero-geneous Mixture Compound
MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
Yes No
Can it be chemically decomposed?
NoYes
Suspensions
Element
Colloids
SolVent SolUteThe chemical The chemicalin a solution in a solutionthat makes up that makes up the greatest part. the least part.
SolVent SolUteThe chemical The chemicalin a solution in a solutionthat makes up that makes up the greatest part. the least part.
O
ER
O
ER
NDER
NDER
Interesting Answers to Catholic Elementary School Bible Questions:
The seventh commandment is: “Thou shalt not admit adultery.”
Concentrationthe amount of solute
dissolved in a solvent.
SolventSolute
Low------------------- Highdilute dy loot concentrated
Several Types of Solutions
Salt in water 3M HCl Seltzer water Alloys Air Humid air
Solid/liquid Liquid/liquid Gas/liquid Solid/solid Gas/gas Liquid/gas
Matter, Classify Matter
Let’s see if you can:
1. Classify a mixture of matter based on their physical and chemical properties
2. Characterize various types of matter
Pure Water is
a compound.
an element.
a solution.
a mixture.
Pure Water is
a compound.
an element.
a solution.
a mixture.
Tap Water is
a compound.
an element.
a solution.
a mixture.
Tap Water is
a compound.
an element.
a solution.
a mixture.
If different kinds of atoms are represented by different colored dots, which picture represents a
sample of a compound?
If different kinds of atoms are represented by different
colored dots, which picture below represents a mixture?
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Jon, 4
Salt (NaCl) is a common substance. Salt is which of these?
atom
element
compound
mixture
Salt (NaCl) is a common substance. Salt is which of these?
atom
element
compound
mixture
A chocolate chip cookie is an example of a __________, because ______________.
a. compound, the ingredients are chemically bonded.
b. compound, it is the same throughout.c. mixture, you can separate out the chips.d. mixture, you cannot distinguish between
the ingredients.
A chocolate chip cookie is an example of a __________, because ______________.
a. compound, the ingredients are chemically bonded.
b. compound, it is the same throughout.c. mixture, you can separate out the chips.d. mixture, you cannot distinguish between
the ingredients.
Which formulas represent compounds?
O2, H2O2
CO2, H2O
H2, CO2
H2, O2
Which formulas represent compounds?
O2, H2O2
CO2, H2O
H2, CO2
H2, O2