2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

What went wrong?

•(1995) The Standish Group published a study “CHAOS.”•365 information technology executive managers who managed

over 8380 different information technology applications in U.S.

are surveyed.•In early 1990s, US companies spent more than $250 billion

on 175,000 projects and the overall success rate of information

technology projects are only 16.2%.•The success is defined as meeting goals on time and on budget.

In 1995 over 31% of information technology projects

(over $81 billion) were canceled before completion.

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

Introduction to Project Management

• What is a project and what is not?• What is the characteristics of a project • What is the process of a project• What kind of project you had

involved?• What will be the problem when

conducting a project?Brain Storming

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

What is a project

• A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to accomplish a unique purpose.

• Project normally involve several people performing interrelated activities, and the main sponsor for the project is often interested in the effective use of resources to complete the project in an efficient and timely manner.

• Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations.

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

Characteristics

ManagementProcess

Developmentprocess

How to be a Project Manager ?

What is a project?

講義引用自沈肇基老師之講義

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

Objective -performance specification -time schedule -cost budget

Resources -manpower and facility

Uniqueness -different customers,team members, time and/or methodology,….

Organization -Project and functional

Origin -Something not done before -must be one!(requirements)

Marketplace -Who is your boss

Product -Software and/or hardware

Size - scale

program, project, task

Characteristics of project

講義引用自沈肇基老師之講義

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

The project management process

• Defining: defining the project’s goal• Planning: planning how you and your team will satisfy

the Triple Constraint (performance specification, time schedule, and money budget.)

• Leading: managerial guidance to human resource, subordinates, and others(subcontractors)

• Monitoring: measuring the project work to find out how progress differs from plan in time to initiate corrective action

• Completing: making sure the job is done conforms to the current definition of what was to be done.

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

define

plan/replan

leadmonitor(metrics)

complete

Project Management Process

講義引用自沈肇基老師之講義

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

INITIALCONCEPT

REQUIREMENTANALYSIS

(USER NEED)

DESIGN

CODING

TESTING

OPERATION&MAINTENANCE

USERNEED

PROTOTYPING

CLASSIC

USERNEED

INITIALCONCEPT

CONCEPTPROTOTYPE

SOFTWAREPROTOTYPE

MODULESPROTOTYPE

OPERATIONALPROTOTYPE

RISKANALYSIS

BENCHMARKSDESIGNPHASES

時間

功能USER NEED

EPRTP理想WM

EvolutionaryPrototyping

Project Development process

講義引用自沈肇基老師之講義

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

SOCIETAL, POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FORCES

CONTRACTOR

CUSTOMER

USER

YOUR ORGANIZTIONYOURBOSS

YOUR TEAMFULL TIME MEMBERS

YOUR TEAM PART TIME MEMBERS

YOU

If you are a project manager!

講義引用自沈肇基老師之講義

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

What went right?

•(1998) The follow-up study of Standish Group.

The cost of failed projects went down from $81 billion in

1995 to an estimated $75 billion in 1998.

Major decrease in cost overruns from the $59 billion spent in 1995

to the estimated $22 billion in 1998.

26% of information technology projects succeeded in meeting

scope, time, and cost goals.

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

•Egyptian pyramids(ancient)

•Great Wall of China(ancient)

•Military projects

•Manhattan project (modern) for atomic bomb

•1917 Gantt Chart developed by Henry Gantt

•1958 Pert Chart for the Navy Polaris missile/submarine project

•1970, military begun to use S/W to help manage large projects.

History

2002年編寫 朝陽科技大學資管系 李麗華

Manage Your Project & Work Like A Team