What to Study for the Exams

8/9/2019 What to Study for the Exams

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What to study for the exams:

NDT Basic

Topical Outline

This examination is 4 hours in length, having 135 questions of equal value.

1. Administration of NDT personnel certification programs SNT-TC-1A , 2011 edition ASNT CP-189 , 2011 edition2. General familiarity with other NDT methods Radiography (safety, X-ray, and isotope methods) Neutron radiography Ultrasonic testing Eddy current and flux leakage testing Liquid penetrant testing Magnetic particle testing Leak testing Acoustic emission testing Visual testing Thermal/infrared Vibration analysis3. Materials, fabrication, and production technology Properties of materials, origin of discontinuities, and failure modes Materials processing (casting, welding, forging, brazing, soldering, machining, heat

treatment, surface treatment, adhesive bonding, etc.) Dimensional metrologyReferences

The number in parentheses following each reference is the ASNT catalog number.

Level III Study Guide: Basic (2251) SNT-TC-1A (2011 edition) (2071) Supplement to Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A : Complete Set of Supplements, Plus

Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A (2011 edition) (2192) Materials and Processes for NDT Technology (2250) ANSI/ASNT CP-189 (2011 edition) (2508) NDT Handbook: Volume 10, NDT Overview (140) ASM Handbook Vol. 17, NDE and QC (105)

About Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)

Magnetic Particle Testing uses one or more magnetic fields to locate surface and near-surfacediscontinuities in ferromagnetic materials. The magnetic field can be applied with a permanentmagnet or an electromagnet. When using an electromagnet, the field is present only when thecurrent is being applied. When the magnetic field encounters a discontinuity transverse to thedirection of the magnetic field, the flux lines produce a magnetic flux leakage field of their own.
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Topical Outline


Principles/Theory Principles of magnets and magnetic fields Characteristics of magnetic fields Equipment/Materials Magnetic particle test equipment Inspection materials Technique/Calibrations Magnetization by means if electric current Selecting the proper method of magnetization Demagnetization Interpretation/Evaluation Procedures Safety and Health

References

Th e number in parentheses following each reference is the ASNT catalog number.

Level III Study Guide: Magnetic Particle Testing, Second Edition (2253) NDT Handbook: Third Edition, Volume 8, Magnetic Testing (148)Supplement to Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A (Q&A) Book Magnetic Particle Method, Second Edition (2027)

About Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)

The basic principle of liquid penetrant testing is that when a very low viscosity (highly fluid) liquid(the penetrant) is applied to the surface of a part, it will penetrate into fissures and voids open to thesurface. Once the excess penetrant is removed, the penetrant trapped in those voids will flow backout, creating an indication.

Topical Outline


Principles/Theory

Principles of liquid penetrant process Theory Proper selection of PT as method of choice Liquid penetrant processing Equipment/Materials Liquid penetrant test units Methods of measurement Lighting for liquid penetrant testing Materials for liquid penetrant testing Testing and maintenance of materials
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Interpretation/Evaluation General Factor affecting indications Indications from discontinuities Relevant and Nonrelevant indications Procedures Liquid penetrant testing procedures, codes, standards and specifications

Safety and Health Toxicity Flammability Electrical hazards Personnel protective equipment Right to know (MSDS) Disposal of used materials

References

The number in parentheses following each reference is the ASNT catalog number. Level III Study Guide: Liquid Penetrant Testing (2255) NDT Handbook: Volume 2, Liquid Penetrant Tests (142, 142CD, 142WCD)Supplement to Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A (Q&A Book) - Liquid Penetrant TestingMethod, Revised Edition (2029)

About Radiographic Testing (RT)

Industrial radiography involves exposing a test object to penetrating radiation so that the radiationpasses through the object being inspected and a recording medium placed against the opposite sideof that object. For thinner or less dense materials such as aluminum, electrically generated x-radiation (X-rays) are commonly used, and for thicker or denser materials, gamma radiation isgenerally used.

Topical Outline


Principles and Theory Equipment/Materials Electrically generated sources

Particulate radiation sources Radiation detectors Techniques/Calibration Imaging considerations Film processing Viewing of radiographs Judging radiographic quality Exposure calculations Radiographic techniques Interpretation and Evaluation
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Procedures Safety and Health Exposure hazards Methods of controlling radiation exposure Operational and emergency procedures Dosimetry and Film Badges

References


Level III Study Guide: Radiographic Testing (2259) NDT Handbook : Volume 4, Radiographic Testing (144, 144CD, 144WCD) Supplement to Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A (Q&A Book) - Radiographic Testing

Method (2026)Working Safety in Radiography (232)

About Ultrasonic Testing (UT)

Ultrasonic testing uses the same principle as is used in naval SONAR and fish finders. Ultra-highfrequency sound is introduced into the part being inspected and if the sound hits a material with adifferent acoustic impedance (density and acoustic velocity), some of the sound will reflect back tothe sending unit and can be presented on a visual display. By knowing the speed of the soundthrough the part (the acoustic velocity) and the time required for the sound to return to the sendingunit, the distance to the reflector (the indication with the different acoustic impedance) can bedetermined.

Topical Outline


Principles/Theory Equipment/Materials Techniques/Calibrations

o Contacto Immersiono Comparison of contact and immersion methodso Remote monitoringo Calibration (electronic and functional)

Interpretation/Evaluationso Evaluation of base metal product formso Evaluation of weldmentso Evaluation of bonded structureso Variables affecting test resultso Evaluation (general)

Procedureso Specific applicationso Codes/Standards/Specifications

Safety and Health
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References


Level III Study Guide: Ultrasonic Testing (2261) NDT Handbook : Volume 7, Ultrasonic Testing (147) Supplement to Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A (Q&A Book) - Ultrasonic Testing Method

(2028) Ultrasonics: Fundamentals, Technology, Applications (341)

About Visual Testing (VT)

Visual testing is the most commonly used test method in industry. Because most test methodsrequire that the operator look at the surface of the part being inspected, visual inspection is inherentin most of the other test methods. As the name implies, VT involves the visual observation of thesurface of a test object to evaluate the presence of surface discontinuities. VT inspections may beby Direct Viewing, using line-of sight vision, or may be enhanced with the use of optical instrumentssuch as magnifying glasses, mirrors, boroscopes, charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and computer-assisted viewing systems (Remote Viewing). Corrosion, misalignment of parts, physical damageand cracks are just some of the discontinuities that may be detected by visual examinations.

Topical Outline


Fundamentals Vision and light Ambient conditions Test object characteristics

Equipment Accessories Magnifiers/microscopes Mirrors Dimensional Borescopes Video systems Machine vision Replication Temperature indicating devices and materials Chemical aids Surface comparators Lasers Applications and Requirements Raw materials Primary process materials Joining processes Fabricated components In-service materials Coatings Other applications
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Requirements Variables Affecting Results of interpretation/ Evaluations Equipment including type and intensity of light Material including the variations of surface finish Discontinuity Determination of dimensions (ie: depth, width, length, etc.) Sampling/scanning

Process for reporting visual discontinuities Personnel (human factors) Documentation Safety

References


Level III Study Guide: Visual and Optical Testing (2263)

NDT Handbook, 3rd Edition, Vol. 9, Visual Testing (149) ASM Handbook Vol. 17, NDE and QC (105) Supplement to SNT-TC-1A: VT (Q & A Book) (2034)Materials and Processes for NDT Technology (2250)
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What to Study for the Exams