How the economic and social changes of the last 15 years
affected lives of people % of population by age quintilesAge
group:Total population:48.7%: worsened, 32.3%: did not change, 19%:
improvedSource: RLMS, fall 2006
Chart2
46.5834.2519.18
28.239.5132.28
41.835.7722.44
52.5631.4815.95
60.6727.6411.69
worsened
did not change
improved
questions
pilot15 roundsectioncurrent position
5.25.2J ?
206207J
207206J
208208J ,
209209J ?
210210J%
211211J% , ?
212212J ?
213213J ?
214214J% , ?
216215J ?
216216J ?
217217J ?
218218J 1991 ?
219219J 1991 ?
220220J ,
221221J, , - -
222222JK
223223J ?
224224J 80- ?
225225J62 1991
226226J206 1991
227J213 , , ?
228228J ?
229229J1991-2006
230230J
231231J
232232J - 15 ?
233233J , ?
234234J ?
235235J ?
236236J 1996
237237J , 1996 ?
Additional questions:
63 , , 9 ,
, - , .
?
64 9 , ,
, - , .
?
67 , ,
?
68 "
" , ?
29 ...?
..............................................................................................
1
173
173.11. -
, " ". ..........1 ............... 2...............3
..............4 .............5 ..........7 ......... 8
173.22. ""..........................1 ...............
2...............3 ..............4 .............5 ..........7
......... 8
173.33. ,
................................................................1
............... 2...............3 ..............4 .............5
..........7 ......... 8
173.44.
,
......................................1 ...............
2...............3 ..............4 .............5 ..........7
......... 8
29_c29..
[! 4. ]
-
- ,
/
- - - - - -
29_c_11.
, ................. 1 ............ 2............ 3.............4
............ 5.............6 ............ 7............ 8
29_c_22. ,
, ..............1 ............ 2............ 3.............4
............ 5.............6 ............ 7............ 8
173
% who do not agree% who agree
kj173_2_n80647897.80383Judges in Russia are
corrupt56.4209624.9154301
kj173_1_n86528469.35332One can violate the law if this law is
unfair46.7239133.9373501
kj173_4_n85368353.01057If people in power voilate laws, simple
people can too31.3586744.1062801
kj173_3_n85868402.63948It is impossible in Russia to live
without violating the law21.1224247.4834301
meanSD
kj173_1_s 8652 8469.353320.24915430.432548901
kj173_2_s 8064 7897.803830.47483430.499397901
kj173_3_s 8586 8402.639480.44106280.496543801
kj173_4_s 8536 8353.010570.33937350.47352501
kj173_1_n 8652 8469.353320.56420960.495889301
kj173_2_n 8064 7897.803830.21122420.40820301
kj173_3_n 8586 8402.639480.31358670.463978101
kj173_4_n 8536 8353.010570.46723910.498955401
kj173_2_n80647897.80383Judges in Russia are
corrupt56.4209624.9154301
kj173_3_n85868402.63948It is impossible in Russia to live
without violating the law21.1224247.4834301
kj173_4_n85368353.01057If people in power voilate laws, simple
people can too31.3586744.1062801
kj173_1_n86528469.35332One can violate the law if this law is
unfair46.7239133.9373501
173
0
0
0
0
% who do not agree
206, 226
00
00
00
00
% who do not agree
% who agree
207
, ...Freq.PercentCum.Do you think that
1378.012315.4415.44Most people can be trusted
c 5105.022457.272.64You cannot be too careful in dealing with
people
, , 2442.248227.36100Depends on who you are delaing with
Total8925.2829100
, , 1991 Freq.PercentCum.Do you think that in 1991
2414.992337.9337.93Most people can be trusted
c 2469.552538.7876.71You cannot be too careful in dealing with
people
, , 1480.994323.2699.97Depends on who you are delaing with
Total6367.7675100
c , , , 5Total
20061378.01235105.02242442.248212,468
19912414.99232469.55251480.994328,963
Most people can be trustedYou cannot be too careful in dealing
with peopleDepends on who you are delaing with
c , , , 5Total
200615.4457.227.36100
199137.9338.7823.260100
Most people can be trustedYou cannot be too careful in dealing
with peopleDepends on who you are delaing with
207
00
00
00
2006
1991
Do you think that...
208
, Total
599.612722.012819.911507.891081.118730.52
320.731724.792650.042156.691802.478654.71
291.931874.313080.051808.881304.448359.62
757.542889.132345.691381.301143.988517.63
357.171518.572599.202159.102110.898744.92
400.372338.632618.541500.671248.388106.58
.218.621108.361800.171529.741601.076257.95
.195.971325.552309.921893.541726.677451.65
M 268.301434.222776.051717.841404.577600.98
132.42643.192102.172196.762712.427786.95
%COMPLETELY TRUSTRATHER TRUSTNEITHER TRUST NOR DISTRUSTRATHER
DISTRUSTCOMPLETELY DISTRUSTTotal
731321712THE CABINET OF MINISTERS100
420312521THE PARLIAMENT100
322372216COURTS100
934281613ARMED FORCES100
417302524POLICE100
529321915RUSSIAN BANKS100
.318292426FOREIGN BANKS100
.318312523INSURANCE COMPANIES100
M 419372318SMEs100
28272835POLITICAL PARTIES100
kj207_1
?Freq.PercentCum.
599.616.876.87
2722.0131.1838.059
, 2819.9132.370.35
1507.8917.2787.62
1081.1112.38100
13
Total8730.5210014
kj207_2
?Freq.PercentCum.head of the enterprise
COMPLETELY TRUST 979.45138721.121.1
320.733.713.71RATHER TRUST 1956.062742.1363.23
1724.7919.9323.63NEITHER TRUST NOR DISTRUST,
1040.239222.4185.64
, 2650.0430.6254.25RATHER DISTRUST 395.2464128.5194.15
2156.6924.9279.17COMPLETELY DISTRUST 201.0992614.3398.48
1802.4720.83100not aplicable 70.55553441.52100
Total8654.71100Total4,642.6545100
kj207_3
your colleagues
COMPLETELY TRUST 1275.637127.2827.28
?Freq.PercentCum.RATHER TRUST 2492.280953.3180.59
NEITHER TRUST NOR DISTRUST, 716.94977415.3395.93
291.933.493.49RATHER DISTRUST 102.739062.298.12
1874.3122.4225.91COMPLETELY DISTRUST 41.31721450.8899.01
, 3080.0536.8462.76not aplicable 46.34467670.99100
1808.8821.6484.4
1304.4415.6100
Total8359.62100
kj207_5
?Freq.PercentCum.
757.548.898.89
2889.1333.9242.81
, 2345.6927.5470.35
1381.3016.2286.57
1143.9813.43100
Total8517.63100
kj207_6
?Freq.PercentCum.
357.174.084.08
1518.5717.3721.45
, 2599.2029.7251.17
2159.1024.6975.86
2110.8924.14100
Total8744.92100
kj207_7
?Freq.PercentCum.
400.374.944.94
2338.6328.8533.79
, 2618.5432.366.09
1500.6718.5184.6
1248.3815.4100
Total8106.58100
kj207_8
?Freq.PercentCum.
218.623.493.49
1108.3617.7121.2
, 1800.1728.7749.97
1529.7424.4474.42
1601.0725.58100
Total6257.95100
kj207_9
?Freq.PercentCum.
195.972.632.63
1325.5517.7920.42
, 2309.923151.42
1893.5425.4176.83
1726.6723.17100
Total7451.65100
kj207_10
?Freq.PercentCum.
268.303.533.53
1434.2218.8722.4
, 2776.0536.5258.92
1717.8422.681.52
1404.5718.48100
Total7600.98100
kj207_11
?Freq.PercentCum.
132.421.71.7
643.198.269.96
, 2102.172736.96
2196.7628.2165.17
2712.4234.83100
Total7786.95100
VariableMeanObsWeightStd. Dev.SEMinMax
POLITICAL PARTIES2.147947.007785.361.040.011.005.00
FOREIGN BANKS2.496340.006256.361.150.011.005.00
INSURANCE COMPANIES2.517593.007449.011.110.011.005.00
POLICE2.538932.008741.061.150.011.005.00
THE PARLIAMENT2.618845.008650.851.130.011.005.00
SMEs2.667723.007598.341.090.011.005.00
COURTS2.778528.008355.751.070.011.005.00
RUSSIAN BANKS2.898272.008102.721.130.011.005.00
THE CABINET OF MINISTERS3.038922.008726.661.120.011.005.00
ARMED FORCES3.098696.008513.771.180.011.005.00
Superiors at your work3.684591.004572.101.040.021.005.00
Your colleagues4.054648.004628.920.770.011.005.00
Std. Dev.Variable Obs WeightMeanMinMax
208
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
THE CABINET OF MINISTERS
THE PARLIAMENT
COURTS
ARMED FORCES
POLICE
RUSSIAN BANKS
FOREIGN BANKS
INSURANCE COMPANIES
SMEs
POLITICAL PARTIES
209
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
210
0
0
210,211
,
Total
411035037013681988880FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS
5944262428665468965LAW AND ORDER
3411365112194121708864FREEDOM OF SPEECH
2615331018436662718705INDEPENDENT PRESS
1887263320329375077996POLITICAL OPPOSITION
5518279340490748879JUST COURTS
2621305016235924098295PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS
%very importantimportantyes and nonot importantnot at all
importantscore (1-5)
4639842FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS100POLITICAL OPPOSITION3.6
6629311LAW AND ORDER100PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS3.8
38411452FREEDOM OF SPEECH100INDEPENDENT PRESS3.8
30382183INDEPENDENT PRESS100FREEDOM OF SPEECH4.1
243325126POLITICAL OPPOSITION100FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS4.2
6231511JUST COURTS100JUST COURTS4.5
32372075PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS100LAW AND ORDER4.6
,
Freq.PercentCum.
411046.2946.29
350339.4585.73
, 7017.8993.62
3684.1497.77
1982.23100
Total8880100
kj208_2
,
Freq.PercentCum.
594466.366.3
262429.2795.57
, 2863.1998.76
650.7299.48
460.52100
Total8965100
kj208_3
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
341138.4938.49
365141.1979.68
, 121913.7593.43
4124.6598.08
1701.92100
Total8864100
kj208_4
,
Freq.PercentCum.
261530.0430.04
331038.0368.06
, 184321.1789.24
6667.6596.89
2713.11100
Total8705100
kj208_5
,
Freq.PercentCum.
188723.623.6
263332.9356.53
, 203225.4281.94
93711.7293.66
5076.34100
Total7996100
kj208_6
,
Freq.PercentCum.
551862.1562.15
279331.4693.6
, 4044.5698.16
901.0199.17
740.83100
Total8879100
kj208_7
,
Freq.PercentCum.
262131.631.6
305036.7668.36
, 162319.5787.93
5927.1395.07
4094.93100
Total8295100
210,211
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS
LAW AND ORDER
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
INDEPENDENT PRESS
POLITICAL OPPOSITION
JUST COURTS
PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS
211
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
212
?
, % who agree% who do not agreeTotal
195028451765102155058.9719.328132It is important to have two
term limits for the head of the state
, 1193210315581942119741.2339.277993It is important that the
regional governors should be appointed rather than elected
, , 387131221872366228419.9054.488535The national government
takes my interests into account when making decisions
, , 387124021482410230519.1755.538490The regional government
takes my interests into account when making decisions
11876813112569320011.1272.427966The level of corruption has
declined in the past few years
, 70119442476170685334.4433.327681Russia is not sufficiently
influential in the world
%completely agreeagreeyes and nodo not agreedo not at all
agreeTotal
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEAD OF THE STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO
SERVE MORE THAN TWO CONSECUTIVE TERMS243522137IT IS IMPORTANT THAT
THE HEAD OF THE STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO SERVE MORE THAN TWO
CONSECUTIVE TERMS100
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF REGIONS BE APPOINTED RATHER
THAN ELECTED1526192415IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF REGIONS BE
APPOINTED RATHER THAN ELECTED100 ,
THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS515262827THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS
INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING DECISIONS100 , ,
THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS515252827THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS
INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING DECISIONS100 , ,
THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN THE PAST FEW
YEARS110163240THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN THE PAST FEW
YEARS100
RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL IN THE
WORLD925322211RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL IN THE
WORLD100 ,
kj209_1
:
Freq.PercentCum.
195023.9823.98
284534.9958.97
, 176521.7180.68
102112.5693.24
5506.76100
Total8132100
kj209_2
:
-
Freq.PercentCum.
119314.9314.93
210326.3141.23
, 155819.4960.73
194224.385.02
119714.98100
Total7993100
kj209_3
:
Freq.PercentCum.
3874.534.53
131215.3719.9
, 218725.6245.52
236627.7273.24
228426.76100
Total8535100
kj209_4
:
Freq.PercentCum.
3874.564.56
124014.619.17
, 214825.344.47
241028.3972.85
230527.15100
Total8490100
kj209_5
:
Freq.PercentCum.
1181.481.48
7689.6511.12
, 131116.4627.58
256932.2559.83
320040.17100
Total7966100
kj209_6
:
, Freq.PercentCum.
7019.139.13
194425.3134.44
, 247632.2466.68
170622.2188.89
85311.11100
Total7681100
kj210_1
212
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEAD OF THE STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO
SERVE MORE THAN TWO CONSECUTIVE TERMS
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF REGIONS BE APPOINTED RATHER
THAN ELECTED
THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS
THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS
THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN THE PAST FEW YEARS
RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL IN THE WORLD
213, 227
0
0
0
0
0
214
00
00
00
00
00
% who agree
% who do not agree
217
?
How rich got rich? (% agree, 2 answers possible)% AGREEAGREE
because of their effort and talant2018509059
, got lucky3329749059
because of criminal activities6457599059
because of political connections4742659059
-3-235Total
629292,474113,134
2017900100
kj210_1
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0720979.5879.58
185020.42100
Total9059100
kj210_2
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0608567.1767.17
, 297432.83100
Total9059100
kj210_3
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0330036.4336.43
575963.57100
Total9059100
kj210_4
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0479452.9252.92
426547.08100
Total9059100
217
0
0
0
0
How rich got rich? (% agree, 2 answers possible)
67, 68
How rich got rich? (% agree, 2 answers possible)Why current rich
got richOne needs this to get rich nowwhich of these factors are
important to get rich in Russia today?% AGREE
Current rich got lucky33EDUCATION16political connections30
EFFORT AND HARD WORK17effort+ tallent54
Effort and talant2054POLITICAL CONNECTIONS30
Political connections4730TALENT21criminal
connections/activity47
Criminal activities6447CONNECTIONS IN BUSINESS43
CONNECTIONS TO CRIMINAL GROUPS29
CRIMINAL ACTIONS17
other
effort and talant2054EFFORT AND HARD WORK17effort+ tallent54
current rich got lucky33EDUCATION16political connections30
criminal activities6447TALENT21criminal
connections/activity0
political connections4730POLITICAL CONNECTIONS30
67, 68
00
00
00
00
00
Why current rich got rich
One needs this to get rich now
218, 219
, ?
which of these factors are important to get rich in Russia
today?% AGREEAGREE
EFFORT AND HARD WORK1715839067EFFORT AND HARD WORK
EDUCATION1614199067EDUCATION
TALENT2118949067TALENT
POLITICAL CONNECTIONS3027109067POLITICAL CONNECTIONS
CONNECTIONS IN BUSINESS4338769067CONNECTIONS IN BUSINESS
CONNECTIONS TO CRIMINAL GROUPS2926499067CONNECTIONS WITH
CRIMINAL GROUPS
CRIMINAL ACTIONS1715809067BREAKING THE LAW, CRIMINAL ACTIONS
which of these factors are important to get rich in Russia
today?
-3-28Total
583252,16111402,910
2017405100
kj211_01
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0748482.5482.54
1158317.46100
Total9067100
kj211_02
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0764884.3584.35
2141915.65100
Total9067100
kj211_03
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0717379.1179.11
3189420.89100
Total9067100
kj211_04
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0635770.1170.11
4271029.89100
Total9067100
kj211_05
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0519157.2557.25
5387642.75100
Total9067100
kj211_06
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0641870.7970.79
6264929.21100
Total9067100
kj211_07
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0748782.5882.58
7158017.42100
Total9067100
218, 219
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
220
?
There are always some people who are poorer than others.
Why?PercentFreq.Percent
BECAUSE THEY HAVE BEEN UNLUCKY11940.18391811
BECAUSE OF LAZINESS AND LACK OF WILLPOWER201678.000220
BECAUSE OF INJUSTICE IN OUR SOCIETY, AND PEOPLE START OFF
DIFFERENTLY IN LIFE272300.212827
BECAUSE THEY WERE NOT ABLE TO ADAPT TO NEW LIVING
CONDITIONS403482.513640
none of the above2197.9182772
Total1008598.8287100
220
0
0
0
0
0
221
?
Freq.Percent
4076.112247.54WEALTH
1106.997912.91HONESTY
2146.492125.04POWER
158.0349651.84TALENT
383.4639764.47HARD WORK
188.8215482.2KNOWLEDGE
236.6574932.76WISDOM AND EXPERIENCE
276.7781113.23none of the above
Total8573.3583100
, , ?
Freq.Percent
270.1423194.27
2646.713241.85
694.39417910.98
149.062642.36
2079.907532.89
309.9632674.9
140.0617532.21
32.80661240.52
Total6324.0977100
What is most valued?nowin the USSR
WEALTH47.544.27
HONESTY12.9141.85
POWER25.0410.98
TALENT1.842.36
HARD WORK4.4732.89
KNOWLEDGE2.24.9
WISDOM AND EXPERIENCE2.762.21
none of the above3.230.52
100100
221
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
now
in the USSR
222
, ?
1. what can be done in order to reduce income inequalities in
our country ?%
SUBSIDIZE POOR24.56428341892191.68558922.2448SUBSIDIZE POOR
TAX THE RICH28.32613604152527.32728922.2448TAX THE RICH
IMPROVE ACCESS TO
EDUCATION40.58799641993621.36048922.2448IMPROVE ACCESS TO
EDUCATION
STATE PRICE REGULATION45.17333687154030.47578922.2448STATE PRICE
REGULATION
INCREASE THE POWER OF
UNIONS4.0127198483358.0246888922.2448INCREASE THE POWER OF
UNIONS
RENATIONALISE FIRMS25.20403161322248.76548922.2448RENATIONALISE
FIRMS
BETTER ENFORCE THE CURRENT
LAWS44.96718247414012.08218922.2448BETTER ENFORCE THE CURRENT
LAWS
ECONOMIC GROWTH29.20401377022605.65368922.2448ECONOMIC
GROWTH
REVOLUTION4.3011371197383.7579838922.2448REVOLUTION
NO NEED TO REDUCE INCOME
DIFFERENCES2.0346192362181.5337098922.2448NO NEED TO REDUCE INCOME
DIFFERENCES
NOTHING CAN BE DONE3.66499695233278922.2448NOTHING CAN BE
DONE
/
8922.2448
kj214_01
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06406.375471.871.8
12191.685524.5696.37
96324.18391183.63100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_02
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06394.917671.6771.67
22527.327228.33100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_03
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
05300.0357559.459.4
33621.360440.5999.99
960.8486812710.01100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_04
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
04891.769154.8354.83
44030.475745.17100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_05
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
08564.220195.9995.99
5358.0246884.01100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_06
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06673.479374.874.8
62248.765425.2100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_07
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
04910.1627355.0355.03
74012.082144.97100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_08
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06316.5911670.870.8
82605.653629.2100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_09
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
08538.486895.795.7
9383.7579834.3100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_10
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
08738.563997.9497.94
10181.5337092.0399.98
962.14717460.02100
Total8922.2448100
222
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
223
?
Freq.Percent
, (/)illiterate911
(3-4 )3 classes81213
(7-9 )7-9 classes114619
professional courses3646
, , professional school (without secondary education)4097
, professional school (with secondary education)76613
(10-11 )secondary school67011
, .. technical school83614
, , college96216
, graduate220
post-graduate190
Total6101100
Freq.PercentCum.
, (/)illiterate19738
(3-4 )3 classes8111220
(7-9 )7-9 classes12361837
professional courses258441
, , professional school (without secondary education)219344
, professional school (with secondary education)6481053
(10-11 )secondary school8171265
, .. technical school15732386
, , college97614100
, graduate240100
post-graduate90100
Total6770100
fathermother
illiterate13
3 classes1312
7-9 classes1918
professional courses64
professional school (without secondary education)73
professional school (with secondary education)1310
secondary school1112
technical school1423
college1614
graduate00
post-graduate00
223
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
father
mother
224
Could there be understanding and cooperation reached between
the rich and the poorthe simpe people and the people with
political power
, 522.7926215.95.9, 318.2642923.63.6
, 1,553.967217.5523.46, 1,153.145713.0316.63
- , - 3,103.839335.0658.51- , - 2,876.890532.5149.14
, 1,985.185922.4280.94, 2,463.131327.8476.98
, 1,687.820619.06100, 2,037.1373623.02100
Is it possible to reach understanding and cooperation
between
the rich and the poorthe simpe people and the people with
political power
surely possible5.93.6
rather possible17.5513.03
in some circumstances only35.0632.51
rather impossible22.4227.84
surely impossible19.0623.02
224
00
00
00
00
00
the rich and the poor
the simpe people and the people with political power
225, 62
1991 ?
Freq.PercentCum.
1275.39119.7719.77FatherMotherRespondent
5174.794480.2310019.778.3312.45
Total6450.1854100
Freq.PercentCum.
559.96202858.338.33
6161.217391.67100
Total6721.1793100
1991 ?
Freq.PercentCum.
707.22295912.4512.45
4969.751287.5199.96
Total5679.0598100
225, 62
0
0
0
228
,
, , Total
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT49.992.0837.0210.918965.8078
MEDICAL CARE59.531.5123.2015.768984.5145
BUILDING ROADS50.942.7823.9422.338948.35167
COLLECTING TRASH45.014.1426.6624.208875.3131
MEDICAL CARE59.531.5123.2015.768984.5145
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT49.992.0837.0210.918965.8078
COLLECTING TRASH45.014.1426.6624.208875.3131
BUILDING ROADS50.942.7823.9422.338948.35167
MAINLY STATEMAINLY PRIVATEBOTH EQUALLYONLY QUALITY MATTERS
% , , Total
MEDICAL CARE5348.27135.722084.671415.858984.5145
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT4482.20186.343319.12978.148965.8078
COLLECTING TRASH3994.70367.162365.742147.728875.3131
BUILDING ROADS4558.60249.032142.421998.308948.35167
MAINLY STATEEDUCATION
MAINLY PRIVATEMEDICAL CARE
ORGANISATIONSPROVIDING ELECTRICITY
BOTH EQUALLYSUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT
COLLECTING TRASH
BUILDING ROADS
Freq.PercentCum.
15348.2759.5359.53
2135.721.5161.04
32084.6723.2084.24
61415.8515.76100.00
Total8984.51100.00
kj220_2
Freq.PercentCum.
14482.2049.9949.99
2186.342.0852.07
33319.1237.0289.09
6978.1410.91100.00
Total8965.81100.00
kj220_3
Freq.PercentCum.
13994.7045.0145.01
2367.164.1449.15
32365.7426.6675.80
62147.7224.20100.00
Total8875.31100.00
kj220_4
Freq.PercentCum.
14558.6050.9450.94
2249.032.7853.73
32142.4223.9477.67
61998.3022.33100.00
Total8948.35100.00
stateprivateboth state and privatequality is decisive
132.367.6451.278.73
234.772.9849.3412.91
337.022.7748.4411.76
448.461.7141.308.53
-> age_5xtile = 1562.501.2827.248.97
Freq.PercentCum.
state89.0032.3632.36
private21.007.6440.00
both_state_and_private141.0051.2791.27
quality_is_decisive24.008.73100.00
Total275.00100.00
-> age_5xtile = 2
Freq.PercentCum.
state105.0034.7734.77
private9.002.9837.75
both_state_and_private149.0049.3487.09
quality_is_decisive39.0012.91100.00
Total302.00100.00
-> age_5xtile = 3
Freq.PercentCum.
state107.0037.0237.02
private8.002.7739.79
both_state_and_private140.0048.4488.24
quality_is_decisive34.0011.76100.00
Total289.00100.00
-> age_5xtile = 4
Freq.PercentCum.
state142.0048.4648.46
private5.001.7150.17
both_state_and_private121.0041.3091.47
quality_is_decisive25.008.53100.00
Total293.00100.00
-> age_5xtile = 5
Freq.PercentCum.
state195.0062.5062.50
private4.001.2863.78
both_state_and_private85.0027.2491.03
quality_is_decisive28.008.97100.00
Total312.00100.00
.
228
0000
0000
0000
0000
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT
MEDICAL CARE
BUILDING ROADS
COLLECTING TRASH
229
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
state
private
both state and private
quality is decisive
230
, , - -
6Total
- 8285.712455.4551158741.1671
, 7844.1521890.074978734.227
7048.743591724.45928773.2028
8055.1599683.8077588738.9677
%StateMarket6Total
- COMMUNAL
SERVICES0.94789539030.05210461140.01100age_xtilestateinv_lowP_food
, GAZ AND FUEL0.89809345460.101906553410010.718764
FOOD0.80344017470.196559824210020.721078
REAL ESTATE0.92175187920.07824811610030.754866
40.763462
50.783862
60.805321
70.831217
80.829849
kj221_190.899102
100.923647
,
age_xtilewhole sampleMoscow and St.Petersburg
, -10.7187640.5619962
20.7210780.6360992
-30.7548660.6793798
40.7634620.6717328
50.7838620.6994826
60.8053210.6726995
Freq.PercentCum.70.8312170.723559
80.8298490.761543
18285.71294.7994.7990.8991020.8977064
2455.4551155.21100100.9236470.822163
Total8741.1671100
kj221_2
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
17844.152189.8189.81
2890.0749710.19100
Total8734.227100
kj221_3
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
17048.7435980.3480.34
21724.459219.66100
Total8773.2028100
kj221_4
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
18055.159992.1892.18
2683.8077587.82100
Total8738.9677100
230
0
0
0
0
231
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
232
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
whole sample
Moscow and St.Petersburg
233
K
. 12 .?% , TotalTotalusedalways bribedsome times bribednever
bribed
, 1645.93319208.38653434.452275995.1186731637.9575Suppliers of
municipal services1912.7226.5260.75
7438.480481%12.7226.5260.75100Housing
registration6.7711.3119.6369.06
Passport authorities11.538.2417.9173.86
Police4.378.0929.0662.84
,
614.888716.7769.4864454120.548568424.113467614.14848Courts3.269.7114.4175.89
8472.622593.23%11.3119.6369.06100Road
police7.8218.6242.4338.95
- , 1047.7235711.5385.4978986185.870986766.7158211038.0847
8041.934888.47%8.2417.9173.86100
396.95302884.3732.1690069115.508781249.781378397.459167
8691.700895.63%8.0929.0662.84100
296.2023253.2628.608272842.4645237223.69826294.771056
8796.213296.74%9.7114.4175.89100
/711.145987.82133.756728304.875968279.891941973
8376.165792.16%18.6242.4338.95100
kj222_1a
12
, ,
Freq.PercentCum.
11645.93318.1218.12
27438.480481.88100
Total9084.4134100
kj222_1b
,
Freq.PercentCum.
1208.3865312.7212.72
2434.45227526.5239.25
3995.11867360.75100
Total1637.9575100
kj222_2a
12
, ,
Freq.PercentCum.
1614.888716.776.77
28472.622593.23100
Total9087.5113100
kj222_2b
,
Freq.PercentCum.
169.486445411.3111.31
2120.54856819.6330.94
3424.11346769.06100
Total614.14848100
kj222_3a
12
,
Freq.PercentCum.
11047.7235711.5311.53
28041.934888.47100
Total9089.6584100
kj222_3b
Freq.PercentCum.
185.49789868.248.24
2185.87098617.9126.14
3766.71582173.86100
Total1038.0847100
kj222_4a
12
,
Freq.PercentCum.
1396.95302884.374.37
28691.700895.63100
Total9088.6538100
kj222_4b
?Freq.PercentCum.
132.16900698.098.09
2115.50878129.0637.16
3249.78137862.84100
Total397.459167100
kj222_5a
12
, Freq.PercentCum.
1296.2023253.263.26
28796.213296.74100
Total9092.4155100
kj222_5b
?Freq.PercentCum.
128.60827289.719.71
242.464523714.4124.11
3223.6982675.89100
Total294.771056100
kj222_6a
12
,
/Freq.PercentCum.
1711.145987.827.82
28376.165792.1699.99
30.9534485940.01100
Total9088.2651100
kj222_6b
/?Freq.PercentCum.
1133.75672818.6218.62
2304.87596842.4361.05
3279.89194138.95100
Total718.524637100
233
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
used
always bribed
some times bribed
never bribed
234, 235
?
PercentCum.Freq.
LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT OWNERS20.1620.161567.5405
, LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT OWNERS, BUT WITH
AFTERPAYMENTS14.7234.891,144LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT
OWNERS
NATIONALISED52.487.294073.4879LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT
OWNERS, BUT WITH AFTERPAYMENTS
, , -NATIONALISED AND THEN RE-PRIVATISED AGAIN USING A MORE
TRANSPARENT PROCESS12.71100988.331135NATIONALISED
TotalNATIONALISED AND THEN RE-PRIVATISED AGAIN USING A MORE
TRANSPARENT PROCESS
1007773.8349
o
PercentCum.Freq.
120.1620.161567.5405
214.7234.891,144
352.487.294073.4879
412.71100988.331135
Total1007773.8349
-> age_5xtile = 1
leave with current ownersleave with current owners, but make
them payrenationalize and then reprivatizerenationalize
treatment of most privatized132.6517.9512.0537.35
companiesFreq.PercentCum.228.7417.2213.3540.7
318.7515.5213.2252.51
leave_w_current_owners_nochange65332.6532.65412.8913.4713.1160.52
leave_w_current_owners_pay_worth35917.9550.657.939.4411.2471.39
renationalise_state74737.3587.95
renationalise_reprivatise24112.05100
Total2,000100
-> age_5xtile = 2
treatment of most privatized
companiesFreq.PercentCum.
leave_w_current_owners_nochange64628.7428.74
leave_w_current_owners_pay_worth38717.2245.95
renationalise_state91540.786.65
renationalise_reprivatise30013.35100
Total2,248100
-> age_5xtile = 3
treatment of most privatized
companiesFreq.PercentCum.
leave_w_current_owners_nochange40018.7518.75
leave_w_current_owners_pay_worth33115.5234.27
renationalise_state1,12052.5186.78
renationalise_reprivatise28213.22100
Total2,133100
-> age_5xtile = 4
treatment of most privatized
companiesFreq.PercentCum.
leave_w_current_owners_nochange28612.8912.89
leave_w_current_owners_pay_worth29913.4726.36
renationalise_state1,34360.5286.89
renationalise_reprivatise29113.11100
Total2,219100
-> age_5xtile = 5
treatment of most privatized
companiesFreq.PercentCum.
leave_w_current_owners_nochange1637.937.93
leave_w_current_owners_pay_worth1949.4417.37
renationalise_state1,46771.3988.76
renationalise_reprivatise23111.24100
Total2,055100
234, 235
0
0
0
0
236. 237
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
leave with current owners
leave with current owners, but make them pay
renationalize and then reprivatize
renationalize
5.2
80- ?
In the 1980s, were you an organizer of a cooperative?
PercentFreq.Cum.
Yes2.81157.143742.81
No97.185428.347799.99
0.010.664965689100
Total1005586.1564
80- ?PercentFreq.Cum.
12.81157.143742.81
297.185428.347799.99
30.010.664965689100
Total1005586.1564
5.2
0
0
1991 ?
%%19912006
145.7036832.342.34485.9513815.445.44Lowest2.345.44
2319.6957995.147.482961.69736210.7616.225.1410.76
3800.61077112.8720.3631995.159822.3238.52312.8722.32
41194.074719.239.5642263.732825.3363.85419.225.33
51854.0638829.8169.3752202.186824.6488.49529.8124.64
6954.866038515.3584.736664.0580957.4395.92615.357.43
7684.54115511.0195.747286.5980573.2199.12711.013.21
8224.0202243.699.34842.07020020.4799.5983.60.47
41.08883510.6610036.3169720.41100Highest0.660.41
Total6218.6651100Total8937.7714100
economic
rank on
9-step
ladder--a.j
62Freq.PercentCum.
1991 -
1485.9513815.445.44
Freq.PercentCum.2961.69736210.7616.2
31,995.159822.3238.52
1145.7036832.342.3442,263.732825.3363.85
2319.6957995.147.4852,202.186824.6488.49
3800.61077112.8720.366664.0580957.4395.92
41194.074719.239.567286.5980573.2199.12
51854.0638829.8169.37842.07020020.4799.59
6954.866038515.3584.73936.3169720.41100
7684.54115511.0195.74
8224.0202243.699.34Total8,937.7714100
941.08883510.66100
Total6218.6651100
1991
123456789Total
145.71803628.63155950.502575767.318521104.6597336.467437832.89162812.8299287.1151867386.1346
220.54890198.593114127.50052143.96763193.2760182.41346858.12188217.8472942.3811299744.64996
now325.22478170.598715256.74717326.80055432.83597233.15725139.3143331.5569431.83431921518.07
423.57874466.24266164.20992357.66179450.42558264.98031162.7397141.24874311.4489921542.536
525.72541345.592289136.99286218.91838523.18709211.99195181.729173.4174613.0401581430.5947
64.0591276.609402839.5211655.48872488.85227793.10011654.1233629.0548072.3445923373.15357
701.5449914.62486910.382721331.82366724.42369936.27264312.5911511.9068972133.57064
800.664965695.31916121.7629483.831812309.56550743.6822423024.826637
9001.599204709.404489303.63956260.745387671.017560416.406205
144.855318.4777797.017451182.3011838.297946.53422678.39772222.9739641.0888356169.943
123456789TOTAL:
10.740.460.821.091.700.590.530.210.12386
20.331.602.072.333.131.340.940.290.04745
30.411.144.165.307.023.782.260.510.031518
40.381.072.665.807.304.292.640.670.191543
50.420.742.223.558.483.442.951.190.211431
60.070.110.640.901.441.510.880.470.04373
70.000.030.240.170.520.400.590.200.03134
80.000.010.090.030.060.000.160.060.0025
9 NOW0.000.000.030.000.150.000.060.010.0216
TOTAL:14531879711821838947678223416170
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 NOW
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
1991
2006
, , , . ?
, 6Totaldo not agreeagree
I HAVE DONE BETTER IN LIFE THAN MY COLLEAGUES WITH WHOM I WORKED
BEFORE
1991284.012939904.2954251701.93681941.53731165.06365996.8461I have
done better in life than my former colleagues in
19910.51803912390.1981555545
I LIVE BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE
1991298.5276931116.21241413.37541810.74751584.23196224.1125I life
better now than before 19910.54545598270.227299891
MOST PEOPLE LIVE N|BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE
1991186.458422924.7106841437.53011897.632071451.03315897.364376Most
people live better now than before 19910.56782402380.1884179161
,
%completely agreeagreeyes and nodo not agreedo not at all
agreeTotal
, 1991 I HAVE DONE BETTER IN LIFE THAN MY COLLEAGUES WITH WHOM I
WORKED BEFORE 1991515283219100
, , 1991 I LIVE BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE 19915182329250100
, , 1991 MOST PEOPLE LIVE N|BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE
1991316243225100
:
o
Freq.PercentCum.
1284.0129394.744.74
2904.29542515.0819.82
31701.936828.3848.2
41941.537332.3880.57
51165.063619.43100
Total5996.8461100
kj228_2
:
,
Freq.PercentCum.
1298.5276934.84.8
21116.212417.9322.73
31413.375422.7145.44
41810.747529.0974.53
51584.231925.4599.98
61.017560360.02100
Total6224.1125100
kj228_3
:
, 186.4584223.163.16
924.71068415.6818.84
1 , 1437.530124.3843.22
2 1897.6320732.1875.4
3 1451.033124.6100
4
5
Total
000
000
000
000
000
I HAVE DONE BETTER IN LIFE THAN MY COLLEAGUES WITH WHOM I WORKED
BEFORE 1991
I LIVE BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE 1991
MOST PEOPLE LIVE N|BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE 1991
0
0
0
00
00
00
do not agree
agree
1991-2006
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, , , 2,01922325326922921922720721212817511713012911210166
5,818
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, 1,58012816918515218719816216313616010711411112110169
6,328
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, 731701091291241381301081249899828186846456
7,198
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
2,042309412478417413380345401288273205194184157141113
5,790
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, 1,701375492106124120122142136212181209243287292305
6,203
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, , 70938566263837763806899859895107114104
7,206
1991395
1992459
1993527
1994342
1995415
1996396
1997401
1998346
1999309
2000478
2001421
2002487
2003592
20041,134
20051,180
20061,078
HE 3,723
-7939859
-793823
9661
1991589
1992731
1993876
1994649
1995650
1996668
1997665
1998783
1999604
2000558
2001473
2002401
2003401
2004564
2005562
2006451
HE 3,283
-7939961
-793834
966
- 15 ?
How did the economic and social changes of the last 15 years
affect your life?
PercentFreq.
STRONGLY IMPROVED0.4929.84639540.49
IMPROVED18.431130.3180918.91
DID NOT CHANGE32.391986.633551.3
WORSENED37.732314.254989.03
STRONGLY WORSENED10.97672.789098100
Total1006133.842
-
PercentFreq.Cum.
10.4929.84639540.49
218.431130.3180918.91
332.391986.633551.3
437.732314.254989.03
510.97672.789098100
Total1006133.842
age_3improveddid not changeworsenedTotal
1below 40478.3083619.82816568.720671666.857improveddid not
changeworsened
240-60484.05945882.954041355.522722.534below
35304.57122356.43746304.41264965.42133
3above
60197.13177483.851261060.5391741.52235-60657.796531146.3451619.8283423.97
above 60197.13177483.851261060.5391741.522
Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913
Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913
age_3improveddid not changeworsenedTotal
improveddid not changeworsenedimproveddid not changeworsened
below 402937341,666.857below 35323732965.42133
40-601832502,722.53435-601933473423.97
above 601128611,741.522above 601128611741.522
Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913
mean_decile
10.6472814improveddid not changeworsened
20.59322950w/o university
degree790.736581609.2422472.4174872.396
30.60921661with university
degree368.76294377.39137512.362591258.5169
40.5559061
50.509273
60.4976428improveddid not changeworsened
70.4213113w/o university degree163351
80.3908705with university degree293041
90.3382173
100.2546915
decile_2006worsened
10.695847
20.5410345
30.5523954
40.5115502
50.5580742
60.4640457
70.4558997
80.3669123
90.3853294
100.2832538
mean decile
mean_decileimproved
10.0070538
20.0045052
30.0061365
40.008246
50.0062043
60.0127933
70.0115587
80.0087983
90.0194543
100.0552775
decile_2006improved
10.0136846
20.0059952
30.0061927
40.0075092
50
60.0117492
70.0106671
80.0093419
90.0188674
100.033316
-> age_5xtile = 1
improvedimproveddid not changeworsenedworsened
-12.7416.4434.2521.9224.66
20.5431.7439.5122.685.52
30.4122.0335.7733.158.65
Freq.PercentCum.40.3415.6131.4841.311.26
50.411.2927.6446.5114.16
22.742.74
1216.4419.18
2534.2553.42
1621.9275.34improveddid not changeworsened
1824.661001 (13-24)19.1834.2546.58
2 (25-35)32.2839.5128.2
Total731003 (36-47)22.4435.7741.8
4 (48-60)15.9531.4852.56
5 (61-100)11.6927.6460.67
-> age_5xtile = 2
-
Freq.PercentCum.
80.540.54
46631.7432.29
58039.5171.8
33322.6894.48
815.52100
Total1,468100
-> age_5xtile = 3
-
Freq.PercentCum.
90.410.41
48922.0322.43
79435.7758.2
73633.1591.35
1928.65100
Total2,220100
-> age_5xtile = 4
-
Freq.PercentCum.
80.340.34
36615.6115.96
73831.4847.44
96841.388.74
26411.26100
Total2,344100
-> age_5xtile = 5
-
Freq.PercentCum.
90.40.4
25211.2911.69
61727.6439.34
1,03846.5185.84
31614.16100
Total2,232100
0
0
0
0
0
000
000
000
below 40
40-60
above 60
000
000
000
below 35
35-60
above 60
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
improved
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
improved
00
00
00
w/o university degree
with university degree
41
29
000
000
000
000
000
worsened
did not change
improved
, ?
Would you like your kids to grow up in the Soviet Union or in
Russia nowadays
PercentFreq.
in USSR49.593759.859349.59VariableObsWeightMeanStd.
Dev.MinMaxAge decilePercentage of people who want their kids to
grow up in Russia today rather than in the Soviet Union by age
decile
in Russia50.413821.36591001 (13-19)0.8591641
3kj233_D763816.4894730.85916410.34806540120.8011702
Total1007581.225130.7356114
40.6264867
->age_xtile=250.5108673
60.4435556
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax70.3461421
80.3176498
kj233_D689726.3341850.80117020.39939470190.2362169
,10 (71-100)0.191399
->age_xtile=3
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
PercentFreq.Cum.kj233_D596631.8679960.73561140.441356501
149.593759.859349.59
250.413821.3659100->age_xtile=4
Total1007581.2251VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D717800.4096720.62648670.484039101
->age_xtile=5
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D708786.6173420.51086730.500199901
->age_xtile=6
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D828799.2927890.44355560.497114901
->age_xtile=7
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D873716.3462120.34614210.476071601
->age_xtile=8
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D839704.6944130.31764980.465893201
->age_xtile=9
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D911830.7118030.23621690.425012901
->age_xtile=10
VariableObsWeightMeanStd. Dev.MinMax
kj233_D847764.600610.1913990.393659901
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Percentage of people who want their kids to grow up in Russia
today rather than in the Soviet Union by age decile
?
NOYes%all sources of information usedthe main source of
information
329.0266398749.86148Russian TV96.37591501989078.8881Foreign
TV1.5764144290.11
8935.7672143.120902Foreign TV1.5764144299078.8881Foreign
Radio1.57831177480.11
5130.18233948.7058Russian Radio43.49327534949078.8881Foreign
Press3.05657982390.09
8935.595143.2931599Foreign
Radio1.57831177489078.8881Internet12.09203690922.48
4215.63444863.25369Russian Press53.56662221679078.8881Russian
Radio43.49327534945.54
8801.3847277.5034619Foreign Press3.05657982399078.8881Friends,
colleagues, family53.38527500965.66
7981.06561097.8225Internet12.09203690929078.8881Russian
Press53.56662221673.41
, 4232.09874846.78938Friends, colleagues,
family53.38527500969078.8881Russian TV96.375915019882.59
9078.8881
?
Freq.Percent
7341.14804Russian TV82.5982.59
9.967290163Foreign TV0.1182.7
492.69641Russian Radio5.5488.25
9.69827271Foreign Radio0.1188.35
303.072044Russian Press3.4191.76
8.23850244Foreign Press0.0991.86
220.761318Internet2.4894.34
, 503.04871Friends, colleagues, family5.66100
Total
8888.6306100
?Freq.PercentCum.
0329.0266393.623.62
18749.8614896.38100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_02
?Freq.PercentCum.
08935.767298.4298.42
2143.1209021.58100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_03
?Freq.PercentCum.
05130.182356.5156.51
33948.705843.49100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_04
?Freq.PercentCum.
08935.59598.4298.42
4143.29315991.58100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_05
?Freq.PercentCum.
04215.634446.4346.43
54863.2536953.57100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_06
?Freq.PercentCum.
08801.384796.9496.94
6277.50346193.06100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_07
?Freq.PercentCum.
07981.065687.9187.91
71097.822512.09100
Total9078.8881100
kj234_08
?Freq.PercentCum.
04232.098746.6146.61
84846.7893853.39100
Total9078.8881100
kj235
?Freq.PercentCum.
17341.1480482.5982.59
29.9672901630.1182.7
3492.696415.5488.25
49.698272710.1188.35
5303.0720443.4191.76
68.238502440.0991.86
7220.7613182.4894.34
8503.048715.66100
Total8888.6306100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
all sources of information used
the main source of information
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
all sources of information used
the main source of information
1996
Total
/ 6178.67614133.0205956311.6967
/ 5684.9632467.568396152.5316
3549.388992001.39465550.7835
ORT982100
RTR927100
NTV6430100
, 1996 ?
Freq.Percent
/ 4,33448
/ 1,00011
7989
/ 1,76920
4355
Total8,991100
kj236_1
:
- Freq.PercentCum.
16178.6761497.8997.89
2133.0205952.11100
Total6311.6967100
kj236_2
:
- Freq.PercentCum.
15684.963292.492.4
2467.568397.6100
Total6152.5316100
kj236_3
: Freq.PercentCum.
13549.3889963.9463.94
22001.394636.06100
Total5550.7835100
kj237
,
1996 ,
- 3,131.499151.2351.23
?PercentFreq.PercentCum. - 747.61650512.2363.46
623.05413410.1973.66
ORT51.233131.499151.2351.23 , 1,298.783321.2594.91
RTR12.23747.61650512.2363.46 311.28282725.09100
NTV10.19623.05413410.1973.66
EQUALLY21.251298.783321.2594.91Total6,112.2359100
DID NOT WATCH NEWS5.09311.28282725.09100
Total1006112.2359100
0
0
0
0
0
NOT WEIGTED!!!!
?Freq.PercentCum.
-3340.510.51
-260.090.59
3224.785.38
, 550.826.2
86612.8719.06
2,59038.4857.55
1,42321.1478.69
68310.1588.84
, 2103.1291.96
200.392.26
450.6792.93
350.5293.45
, 3224.7898.23
1001.4999.72
190.28100
Total6,730100
How the economic and social changes of the last 15 years
affected lives of people (Effect of income)% of population, who
claim that transition worsened their lives by income decileThe
poorest 10%The richest 10%Source: RLMS, fall 2006
Chart1
0.6472814
0.5932295
0.6092166
0.5559061
0.509273
0.4976428
0.4213113
0.3908705
0.3382173
0.2546915
Sheet1
pilot15 roundsectioncurrent position
5.25.2J ?
206207J
207206J
208208J ,
209209J ?
210210J%
211211J% , ?
212212J ?
213213J ?
214214J% , ?
216215J ?
216216J ?
217217J ?
218218J 1991 ?
219219J 1991 ?
220220J ,
221221J, , - -
222222JK
223223J ?
224224J 80- ?
225225J62 1991
226226J206 1991
227J213 , , ?
228228J ?
229229J1991-2006
230230J
231231J
232232J - 15 ?
233233J , ?
234234J ?
235235J ?
236236J 1996
237237J , 1996 ?
Additional questions:
63 , , 9 ,
, - , .
?
64 9 , ,
, - , .
?
67 , ,
?
68
173
206, 226
, ...Freq.PercentCum.Do you think that
1378.012315.4415.44Most people can be trusted
c 5105.022457.272.64You cannot be too careful in dealing with
people
, , 2442.248227.36100Depends on who you are delaing with
Total8925.2829100
, , 1991 Freq.PercentCum.Do you think that in 1991
2414.992337.9337.93Most people can be trusted
c 2469.552538.7876.71You cannot be too careful in dealing with
people
, , 1480.994323.2699.97Depends on who you are delaing with
Total6367.7675100
c , , , 5Total
20061378.01235105.02242442.248212,468
19912414.99232469.55251480.994328,963
Most people can be trustedYou cannot be too careful in dealing
with peopleDepends on who you are delaing with
c , , , 5Total
200615.4457.227.36100
199137.9338.7823.260100
Most people can be trustedYou cannot be too careful in dealing
with peopleDepends on who you are delaing with
206, 226
15.4437.93
57.238.78
27.3623.26
2006
1991
Do you think that...
207
, Total
599.612722.012819.911507.891081.118730.52
320.731724.792650.042156.691802.478654.71
291.931874.313080.051808.881304.448359.62
757.542889.132345.691381.301143.988517.63
357.171518.572599.202159.102110.898744.92
400.372338.632618.541500.671248.388106.58
.218.621108.361800.171529.741601.076257.95
.195.971325.552309.921893.541726.677451.65
M 268.301434.222776.051717.841404.577600.98
132.42643.192102.172196.762712.427786.95
%COMPLETELY TRUSTRATHER TRUSTNEITHER TRUST NOR DISTRUSTRATHER
DISTRUSTCOMPLETELY DISTRUSTTotal
731321712THE CABINET OF MINISTERS100
420312521THE PARLIAMENT100
322372216COURTS100
934281613ARMED FORCES100
417302524POLICE100
529321915RUSSIAN BANKS100
.318292426FOREIGN BANKS100
.318312523INSURANCE COMPANIES100
M 419372318SMEs100
28272835POLITICAL PARTIES100
kj207_1
?Freq.PercentCum.
599.616.876.87
2722.0131.1838.059
, 2819.9132.370.35
1507.8917.2787.62
1081.1112.38100
13
Total8730.5210014
kj207_2
?Freq.PercentCum.
320.733.713.71
1724.7919.9323.63
, 2650.0430.6254.25
2156.6924.9279.17
1802.4720.83100
Total8654.71100
kj207_3
?Freq.PercentCum.
291.933.493.49
1874.3122.4225.91
, 3080.0536.8462.76
1808.8821.6484.4
1304.4415.6100
Total8359.62100
kj207_5
?Freq.PercentCum.
757.548.898.89
2889.1333.9242.81
, 2345.6927.5470.35
1381.3016.2286.57
1143.9813.43100
Total8517.63100
kj207_6
?Freq.PercentCum.
357.174.084.08
1518.5717.3721.45
, 2599.2029.7251.17
2159.1024.6975.86
2110.8924.14100
Total8744.92100
kj207_7
?Freq.PercentCum.
400.374.944.94
2338.6328.8533.79
, 2618.5432.366.09
1500.6718.5184.6
1248.3815.4100
Total8106.58100
kj207_8
?Freq.PercentCum.
218.623.493.49
1108.3617.7121.2
, 1800.1728.7749.97
1529.7424.4474.42
1601.0725.58100
Total6257.95100
kj207_9
?Freq.PercentCum.
195.972.632.63
1325.5517.7920.42
, 2309.923151.42
1893.5425.4176.83
1726.6723.17100
Total7451.65100
kj207_10
?Freq.PercentCum.
268.303.533.53
1434.2218.8722.4
, 2776.0536.5258.92
1717.8422.681.52
1404.5718.48100
Total7600.98100
kj207_11
?Freq.PercentCum.
132.421.71.7
643.198.269.96
, 2102.172736.96
2196.7628.2165.17
2712.4234.83100
Total7786.95100
207
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
0000000000
THE CABINET OF MINISTERS
THE PARLIAMENT
COURTS
ARMED FORCES
POLICE
RUSSIAN BANKS
FOREIGN BANKS
INSURANCE COMPANIES
SMEs
POLITICAL PARTIES
208
,
Total
411035037013681988880FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS
5944262428665468965LAW AND ORDER
3411365112194121708864FREEDOM OF SPEECH
2615331018436662718705INDEPENDENT PRESS
1887263320329375077996POLITICAL OPPOSITION
5518279340490748879JUST COURTS
2621305016235924098295PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS
%very importantimportantyes and nonot importantnot at all
important
4639842FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS100
6629311LAW AND ORDER100
38411452FREEDOM OF SPEECH100
30382183INDEPENDENT PRESS100
243325126POLITICAL OPPOSITION100
6231511JUST COURTS100
32372075PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS100
,
Freq.PercentCum.
411046.2946.29
350339.4585.73
, 7017.8993.62
3684.1497.77
1982.23100
Total8880100
kj208_2
,
Freq.PercentCum.
594466.366.3
262429.2795.57
, 2863.1998.76
650.7299.48
460.52100
Total8965100
kj208_3
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
341138.4938.49
365141.1979.68
, 121913.7593.43
4124.6598.08
1701.92100
Total8864100
kj208_4
,
Freq.PercentCum.
261530.0430.04
331038.0368.06
, 184321.1789.24
6667.6596.89
2713.11100
Total8705100
kj208_5
,
Freq.PercentCum.
188723.623.6
263332.9356.53
, 203225.4281.94
93711.7293.66
5076.34100
Total7996100
kj208_6
,
Freq.PercentCum.
551862.1562.15
279331.4693.6
, 4044.5698.16
901.0199.17
740.83100
Total8879100
kj208_7
,
Freq.PercentCum.
262131.631.6
305036.7668.36
, 162319.5787.93
5927.1395.07
4094.93100
Total8295100
208
46.286903482266.303885037338.48506404430.039031348623.599785667762.14586851331.6012481061
39.44688503229.26592358541.193056941938.025747070632.926676242531.455228724636.7624279734
7.88877982613.187410860513.752299613721.173862156425.41734741944.555105824419.5698208688
4.14318589340.72470411964.64729061047.648179587411.71740646291.01313941247.1323134934
2.23424596890.51807642091.92228791013.1131798836.33878497290.83065781474.9341894981
FREE AND FAIR ELECTIONS
LAW AND ORDER
FREEDOM OF SPEECH
INDEPENDENT PRESS
POLITICAL OPPOSITION
JUST COURTS
PROTECTION OF MINORITY RIGHTS
209
?
, Total
19502845176510215508132IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEAD OF THE
STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO SERVE MORE THAN TWO CONSECUTIVE
TERMS
, 119321031558194211977993IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF
REGIONS BE APPOINTED RATHER THAN ELECTED
, , 38713122187236622848535THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY
INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING DECISIONS
, , 38712402148241023058490THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY
INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING DECISIONS
1187681311256932007966THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN
THE PAST FEW YEARS
, 7011944247617068537681RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL
IN THE WORLD
%completely agreeagreeyes and nodo not agreedo not at all
agreeTotal
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEAD OF THE STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO
SERVE MORE THAN TWO CONSECUTIVE TERMS243522137IT IS IMPORTANT THAT
THE HEAD OF THE STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO SERVE MORE THAN TWO
CONSECUTIVE TERMS100
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF REGIONS BE APPOINTED RATHER
THAN ELECTED1526192415IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF REGIONS BE
APPOINTED RATHER THAN ELECTED100 ,
THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS515262827THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS
INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING DECISIONS100 , ,
THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS515252827THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS
INTO ACCOUNT WHEN MAKING DECISIONS100 , ,
THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN THE PAST FEW
YEARS110163240THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN THE PAST FEW
YEARS100
RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL IN THE
WORLD925322211RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL IN THE
WORLD100 ,
kj209_1
:
Freq.PercentCum.
195023.9823.98
284534.9958.97
, 176521.7180.68
102112.5693.24
5506.76100
Total8132100
kj209_2
:
-
Freq.PercentCum.
119314.9314.93
210326.3141.23
, 155819.4960.73
194224.385.02
119714.98100
Total7993100
kj209_3
:
Freq.PercentCum.
3874.534.53
131215.3719.9
, 218725.6245.52
236627.7273.24
228426.76100
Total8535100
kj209_4
:
Freq.PercentCum.
3874.564.56
124014.619.17
, 214825.344.47
241028.3972.85
230527.15100
Total8490100
kj209_5
:
Freq.PercentCum.
1181.481.48
7689.6511.12
, 131116.4627.58
256932.2559.83
320040.17100
Total7966100
kj209_6
:
, Freq.PercentCum.
7019.139.13
194425.3134.44
, 247632.2466.68
170622.2188.89
85311.11100
Total7681100
kj210_1
209
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEAD OF THE STATE SHOULD NOT BE ABLE TO
SERVE MORE THAN TWO CONSECUTIVE TERMS
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE HEADS OF REGIONS BE APPOINTED RATHER
THAN ELECTED
THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS
THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT TAKES MY INTERESTS INTO ACCOUNT WHEN
MAKING DECISIONS
THE LEVEL OF CORRUPTION HAS DECLINED IN THE PAST FEW YEARS
RUSSIA IS NOT SUFFICIENTLY INFLUENTIAL IN THE WORLD
210
?
How rich got rich? (% agree, 2 answers possible)% AGREEAGREE
because of their effort and talant2018509059
, got lucky3329749059
because of criminal activities6457599059
because of political connections4742659059
-3-235Total
629292,474113,134
2017900100
kj210_1
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0720979.5879.58
185020.42100
Total9059100
kj210_2
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0608567.1767.17
, 297432.83100
Total9059100
kj210_3
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0330036.4336.43
575963.57100
Total9059100
kj210_4
, ,
,
Freq.PercentCum.
0479452.9252.92
426547.08100
Total9059100
210
0
0
0
0
How rich got rich? (% agree, 2 answers possible)
211
, ?
which of these factors are important to get rich in Russia
today?% AGREEAGREE
EFFORT AND HARD WORK1715839067EFFORT AND HARD WORK
EDUCATION1614199067EDUCATION
TALENT2118949067TALENT
POLITICAL CONNECTIONS3027109067POLITICAL CONNECTIONS
CONNECTIONS IN BUSINESS4338769067CONNECTIONS IN BUSINESS
CONNECTIONS TO CRIMINAL GROUPS2926499067CONNECTIONS WITH
CRIMINAL GROUPS
CRIMINAL ACTIONS1715809067BREAKING THE LAW, CRIMINAL ACTIONS
which of these factors are important to get rich in Russia
today?
-3-28Total
583252,16111402,910
2017405100
kj211_01
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0748482.5482.54
1158317.46100
Total9067100
kj211_02
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0764884.3584.35
2141915.65100
Total9067100
kj211_03
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0717379.1179.11
3189420.89100
Total9067100
kj211_04
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0635770.1170.11
4271029.89100
Total9067100
kj211_05
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0519157.2557.25
5387642.75100
Total9067100
kj211_06
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0641870.7970.79
6264929.21100
Total9067100
kj211_07
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
0748782.5882.58
7158017.42100
Total9067100
211
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
212
?
There are always some people who are poorer than others.
Why?PercentFreq.Percent
BECAUSE THEY HAVE BEEN UNLUCKY11940.18391811
BECAUSE OF LAZINESS AND LACK OF WILLPOWER201678.000220
BECAUSE OF INJUSTICE IN OUR SOCIETY, AND PEOPLE START OFF
DIFFERENTLY IN LIFE272300.212827
BECAUSE THEY WERE NOT ABLE TO ADAPT TO NEW LIVING
CONDITIONS403482.513640
none of the above2197.9182772
Total1008598.8287100
212
0
0
0
0
0
213, 227
?
Freq.Percent
4076.112247.54WEALTH
1106.997912.91HONESTY
2146.492125.04POWER
158.0349651.84TALENT
383.4639764.47HARD WORK
188.8215482.2KNOWLEDGE
236.6574932.76WISDOM AND EXPERIENCE
276.7781113.23none of the above
Total8573.3583100
, , ?
Freq.Percent
270.1423194.27
2646.713241.85
694.39417910.98
149.062642.36
2079.907532.89
309.9632674.9
140.0617532.21
32.80661240.52
Total6324.0977100
What is most valued?nowin the USSR
WEALTH47.544.27
HONESTY12.9141.85
POWER25.0410.98
TALENT1.842.36
HARD WORK4.4732.89
KNOWLEDGE2.24.9
WISDOM AND EXPERIENCE2.762.21
none of the above3.230.52
100100
213, 227
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
now
in the USSR
214
, ?
1. what can be done in order to reduce income inequalities in
our country ?%
SUBSIDIZE POOR24.56428341892191.68558922.2448SUBSIDIZE POOR
TAX THE RICH28.32613604152527.32728922.2448TAX THE RICH
IMPROVE ACCESS TO
EDUCATION40.58799641993621.36048922.2448IMPROVE ACCESS TO
EDUCATION
STATE PRICE REGULATION45.17333687154030.47578922.2448STATE PRICE
REGULATION
INCREASE THE POWER OF
UNIONS4.0127198483358.0246888922.2448INCREASE THE POWER OF
UNIONS
RENATIONALISE FIRMS25.20403161322248.76548922.2448RENATIONALISE
FIRMS
BETTER ENFORCE THE CURRENT
LAWS44.96718247414012.08218922.2448BETTER ENFORCE THE CURRENT
LAWS
ECONOMIC GROWTH29.20401377022605.65368922.2448ECONOMIC
GROWTH
REVOLUTION4.3011371197383.7579838922.2448REVOLUTION
NO NEED TO REDUCE INCOME
DIFFERENCES2.0346192362181.5337098922.2448NO NEED TO REDUCE INCOME
DIFFERENCES
NOTHING CAN BE DONE3.66499695233278922.2448NOTHING CAN BE
DONE
/
8922.2448
kj214_01
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06406.375471.871.8
12191.685524.5696.37
96324.18391183.63100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_02
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06394.917671.6771.67
22527.327228.33100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_03
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
05300.0357559.459.4
33621.360440.5999.99
960.8486812710.01100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_04
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
04891.769154.8354.83
44030.475745.17100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_05
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
08564.220195.9995.99
5358.0246884.01100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_06
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06673.479374.874.8
62248.765425.2100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_07
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
04910.1627355.0355.03
74012.082144.97100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_08
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
06316.5911670.870.8
82605.653629.2100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_09
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
08538.486895.795.7
9383.7579834.3100
Total8922.2448100
kj214_10
,
,
,
?Freq.PercentCum.
08738.563997.9497.94
10181.5337092.0399.98
962.14717460.02100
Total8922.2448100
214
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
217
?
Freq.Percent
, (/)illiterate911
(3-4 )3 classes81213
(7-9 )7-9 classes114619
professional courses3646
, , professional school (without secondary education)4097
, professional school (with secondary education)76613
(10-11 )secondary school67011
, .. technical school83614
, , college96216
, graduate220
post-graduate190
Total6101100
Freq.PercentCum.
, (/)illiterate19738
(3-4 )3 classes8111220
(7-9 )7-9 classes12361837
professional courses258441
, , professional school (without secondary education)219344
, professional school (with secondary education)6481053
(10-11 )secondary school8171265
, .. technical school15732386
, , college97614100
, graduate240100
post-graduate90100
Total6770100
fathermother
illiterate13
3 classes1312
7-9 classes1918
professional courses64
professional school (without secondary education)73
professional school (with secondary education)1310
secondary school1112
technical school1423
college1614
graduate00
post-graduate00
217
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
father
mother
218, 219
1991 ?
Freq.PercentCum.
1275.39119.7719.77FatherMotherRespondent
5174.794480.2310019.778.3312.45
Total6450.1854100
Freq.PercentCum.
559.96202858.338.33
6161.217391.67100
Total6721.1793100
1991 ?
Freq.PercentCum.
707.22295912.4512.45
4969.751287.5199.96
Total5679.0598100
218, 219
0
0
0
220
,
, , Total
MEDICAL CARE59.531.5123.2015.768984.5145
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT49.992.0837.0210.918965.8078
COLLECTING TRASH45.014.1426.6624.208875.3131
BUILDING ROADS50.942.7823.9422.338948.35167
MAINLY STATEMAINLY PRIVATEBOTH EQUALLYONLY QUALITY MATTERS
% , , Total
MEDICAL CARE5348.27135.722084.671415.858984.5145
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT4482.20186.343319.12978.148965.8078
COLLECTING TRASH3994.70367.162365.742147.728875.3131
BUILDING ROADS4558.60249.032142.421998.308948.35167
MAINLY STATEEDUCATION
MAINLY PRIVATEMEDICAL CARE
ORGANISATIONSPROVIDING ELECTRICITY
BOTH EQUALLYSUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT
COLLECTING TRASH
BUILDING ROADS
Freq.PercentCum.
15348.2759.5359.53
2135.721.5161.04
32084.6723.2084.24
61415.8515.76100.00
Total8984.51100.00
kj220_2
Freq.PercentCum.
14482.2049.9949.99
2186.342.0852.07
33319.1237.0289.09
6978.1410.91100.00
Total8965.81100.00
kj220_3
Freq.PercentCum.
13994.7045.0145.01
2367.164.1449.15
32365.7426.6675.80
62147.7224.20100.00
Total8875.31100.00
kj220_4
Freq.PercentCum.
14558.6050.9450.94
2249.032.7853.73
32142.4223.9477.67
61998.3022.33100.00
Total8948.35100.00
220
0000
0000
0000
0000
MEDICAL CARE
SUPPLYING EMPLOYMENT
COLLECTING TRASH
BUILDING ROADS
221
, , - -
6Total
- 8285.712455.4551158741.1671
, 7844.1521890.074978734.227
7048.743591724.45928773.2028
8055.1599683.8077588738.9677
%StateMarket6Total
- COMMUNAL SERVICES0.94789539030.05210461140.01100
, GAZ AND FUEL0.89809345460.1019065534100
FOOD0.80344017470.1965598242100
REAL ESTATE0.92175187920.078248116100
kj221_1
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
18285.71294.7994.79
2455.4551155.21100
Total8741.1671100
kj221_2
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
17844.152189.8189.81
2890.0749710.19100
Total8734.227100
kj221_3
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
17048.7435980.3480.34
21724.459219.66100
Total8773.2028100
kj221_4
,
, -
-
Freq.PercentCum.
18055.159992.1892.18
2683.8077587.82100
Total8738.9677100
221
0
0
0
0
222
K
. 12 .?% , TotalTotalusedalways bribedsome times bribednever
bribed
, 1645.93319208.38653434.452275995.1186731637.9575Suppliers of
municipal services1912.7226.5260.75
7438.480481%12.7226.5260.75100Housing
registration6.7711.3119.6369.06
Passport authorities11.538.2417.9173.86
Police4.378.0929.0662.84
,
614.888716.7769.4864454120.548568424.113467614.14848Courts3.269.7114.4175.89
8472.622593.23%11.3119.6369.06100Road
police7.8218.6242.4338.95
- , 1047.7235711.5385.4978986185.870986766.7158211038.0847
8041.934888.47%8.2417.9173.86100
396.95302884.3732.1690069115.508781249.781378397.459167
8691.700895.63%8.0929.0662.84100
296.2023253.2628.608272842.4645237223.69826294.771056
8796.213296.74%9.7114.4175.89100
/711.145987.82133.756728304.875968279.891941973
8376.165792.16%18.6242.4338.95100
kj222_1a
12
, ,
Freq.PercentCum.
11645.93318.1218.12
27438.480481.88100
Total9084.4134100
kj222_1b
,
Freq.PercentCum.
1208.3865312.7212.72
2434.45227526.5239.25
3995.11867360.75100
Total1637.9575100
kj222_2a
12
, ,
Freq.PercentCum.
1614.888716.776.77
28472.622593.23100
Total9087.5113100
kj222_2b
,
Freq.PercentCum.
169.486445411.3111.31
2120.54856819.6330.94
3424.11346769.06100
Total614.14848100
kj222_3a
12
,
Freq.PercentCum.
11047.7235711.5311.53
28041.934888.47100
Total9089.6584100
kj222_3b
Freq.PercentCum.
185.49789868.248.24
2185.87098617.9126.14
3766.71582173.86100
Total1038.0847100
kj222_4a
12
,
Freq.PercentCum.
1396.95302884.374.37
28691.700895.63100
Total9088.6538100
kj222_4b
?Freq.PercentCum.
132.16900698.098.09
2115.50878129.0637.16
3249.78137862.84100
Total397.459167100
kj222_5a
12
, Freq.PercentCum.
1296.2023253.263.26
28796.213296.74100
Total9092.4155100
kj222_5b
?Freq.PercentCum.
128.60827289.719.71
242.464523714.4124.11
3223.6982675.89100
Total294.771056100
kj222_6a
12
,
/Freq.PercentCum.
1711.145987.827.82
28376.165792.1699.99
30.9534485940.01100
Total9088.2651100
kj222_6b
/?Freq.PercentCum.
1133.75672818.6218.62
2304.87596842.4361.05
3279.89194138.95100
Total718.524637100
222
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
used
always bribed
some times bribed
never bribed
223
?
PercentCum.Freq.
LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT OWNERS20.1620.161567.5405
, LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT OWNERS, BUT WITH
AFTERPAYMENTS14.7234.891,144LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT
OWNERS
NATIONALISED52.487.294073.4879LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CURRENT
OWNERS, BUT WITH AFTERPAYMENTS
, , -NATIONALISED AND THEN RE-PRIVATISED AGAIN USING A MORE
TRANSPARENT PROCESS12.71100988.331135NATIONALISED
TotalNATIONALISED AND THEN RE-PRIVATISED AGAIN USING A MORE
TRANSPARENT PROCESS
1007773.8349
o
PercentCum.Freq.
120.1620.161567.5405
214.7234.891,144
352.487.294073.4879
412.71100988.331135
Total1007773.8349
223
0
0
0
0
224
80- ?
In the 1980s, were you an organizer of a cooperative?
PercentFreq.Cum.
Yes2.81157.143742.81
No97.185428.347799.99
0.010.664965689100
Total1005586.1564
80- ?PercentFreq.Cum.
12.81157.143742.81
297.185428.347799.99
30.010.664965689100
Total1005586.1564
224
0
0
225, 62
1991 ?
%%19912006
145.7036832.342.34485.9513815.445.44Lowest2.345.44
2319.6957995.147.482961.69736210.7616.225.1410.76
3800.61077112.8720.3631995.159822.3238.52312.8722.32
41194.074719.239.5642263.732825.3363.85419.225.33
51854.0638829.8169.3752202.186824.6488.49529.8124.64
6954.866038515.3584.736664.0580957.4395.92615.357.43
7684.54115511.0195.747286.5980573.2199.12711.013.21
8224.0202243.699.34842.07020020.4799.5983.60.47
41.08883510.6610036.3169720.41100Highest0.660.41
Total6218.6651100Total8937.7714100
economic
rank on
9-step
ladder--a.j
62Freq.PercentCum.
1991 -
1485.9513815.445.44
Freq.PercentCum.2961.69736210.7616.2
31,995.159822.3238.52
1145.7036832.342.3442,263.732825.3363.85
2319.6957995.147.4852,202.186824.6488.49
3800.61077112.8720.366664.0580957.4395.92
41194.074719.239.567286.5980573.2199.12
51854.0638829.8169.37842.07020020.4799.59
6954.866038515.3584.73936.3169720.41100
7684.54115511.0195.74
8224.0202243.699.34Total8,937.7714100
941.08883510.66100
Total6218.6651100
1991
123456789Total
145.71803628.63155950.502575767.318521104.6597336.467437832.89162812.8299287.1151867386.1346
220.54890198.593114127.50052143.96763193.2760182.41346858.12188217.8472942.3811299744.64996
now325.22478170.598715256.74717326.80055432.83597233.15725139.3143331.5569431.83431921518.07
423.57874466.24266164.20992357.66179450.42558264.98031162.7397141.24874311.4489921542.536
525.72541345.592289136.99286218.91838523.18709211.99195181.729173.4174613.0401581430.5947
64.0591276.609402839.5211655.48872488.85227793.10011654.1233629.0548072.3445923373.15357
701.5449914.62486910.382721331.82366724.42369936.27264312.5911511.9068972133.57064
800.664965695.31916121.7629483.831812309.56550743.6822423024.826637
9001.599204709.404489303.63956260.745387671.017560416.406205
144.855318.4777797.017451182.3011838.297946.53422678.39772222.9739641.0888356169.943
123456789TOTAL:
10.740.460.821.091.700.590.530.210.12386
20.331.602.072.333.131.340.940.290.04745
30.411.144.165.307.023.782.260.510.031518
40.381.072.665.807.304.292.640.670.191543
50.420.742.223.558.483.442.951.190.211431
60.070.110.640.901.441.510.880.470.04373
70.000.030.240.170.520.400.590.200.03134
80.000.010.090.030.060.000.160.060.0025
9 NOW0.000.000.030.000.150.000.060.010.0216
TOTAL:14531879711821838947678223416170
225, 62
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
000000000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 NOW
228
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
1991
2006
229
, , , . ?
, 6Total
I HAVE DONE BETTER IN LIFE THAN MY COLLEAGUES WITH WHOM I WORKED
BEFORE
1991284.012939904.2954251701.93681941.53731165.06365996.8461
I LIVE BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE
1991298.5276931116.21241413.37541810.74751584.23196224.1125
MOST PEOPLE LIVE N|BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE
1991298.5276931116.21241413.37541810.74751584.23196224.1125
,
%completely agreeagreeyes and nodo not agreedo not at all
agreeTotal
, 1991 I HAVE DONE BETTER IN LIFE THAN MY COLLEAGUES WITH WHOM I
WORKED BEFORE 1991515283219100
, , 1991 I LIVE BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE 19915182329250100
, , 1991 MOST PEOPLE LIVE N|BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE
1991518232925100
:
o
Freq.PercentCum.
1284.0129394.744.74
2904.29542515.0819.82
31701.936828.3848.2
41941.537332.3880.57
51165.063619.43100
Total5996.8461100
kj228_2
:
,
Freq.PercentCum.
1298.5276934.84.8
21116.212417.9322.73
31413.375422.7145.44
41810.747529.0974.53
51584.231925.4599.98
61.017560360.02100
Total6224.1125100
kj228_3
:
, Freq.PercentCum.
1298.5276933.163.16
21116.212415.718.86
31413.375424.3843.25
41810.747532.1675.41
51584.231924.59100
1.01756036
Total100
6224.1125
229
000
000
000
000
000
I HAVE DONE BETTER IN LIFE THAN MY COLLEAGUES WITH WHOM I WORKED
BEFORE 1991
I LIVE BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE 1991
MOST PEOPLE LIVE N|BETTER NOW THAN BEFORE 1991
230
1991-2006
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, , , 2,01922325326922921922720721212817511713012911210166
5,818
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, 1,58012816918515218719816216313616010711411112110169
6,328
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, 731701091291241381301081249899828186846456
7,198
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
2,042309412478417413380345401288273205194184157141113
5,790
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, 1,701375492106124120122142136212181209243287292305
6,203
1991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006
, , 70938566263837763806899859895107114104
7,206
231
1991395
1992459
1993527
1994342
1995415
1996396
1997401
1998346
1999309
2000478
2001421
2002487
2003592
20041,134
20051,180
20061,078
HE 3,723
-7939859
-793823
9661
232
1991589
1992731
1993876
1994649
1995650
1996668
1997665
1998783
1999604
2000558
2001473
2002401
2003401
2004564
2005562
2006451
HE 3,283
-7939961
-793834
966
233
- 15 ?
How did the economic and social changes of the last 15 years
affect your life?
PercentFreq.
STRONGLY IMPROVED0.4929.84639540.49
IMPROVED18.431130.3180918.91
DID NOT CHANGE32.391986.633551.3
WORSENED37.732314.254989.03
STRONGLY WORSENED10.97672.789098100
Total1006133.842
-
PercentFreq.Cum.
10.4929.84639540.49
218.431130.3180918.91
332.391986.633551.3
437.732314.254989.03
510.97672.789098100
Total1006133.842
age_3improveddid not changeworsenedTotal
1below 40478.3083619.82816568.720671666.857improveddid not
changeworsened
240-60484.05945882.954041355.522722.534below
35304.57122356.43746304.41264965.42133
3above
60197.13177483.851261060.5391741.52235-60657.796531146.3451619.8283423.97
above 60197.13177483.851261060.5391741.522
Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913
Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913
age_3improveddid not changeworsenedTotal
improveddid not changeworsenedimproveddid not changeworsened
below 402937341,666.857below 35323732965.42133
40-601832502,722.53435-601933473423.97
above 601128611,741.522above 601128611741.522
Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913Total1,159.51,986.6332,984.786,130.913
mean_decile
165%
259%
361%
456%
551%
650%
742%
839%
934%
1025%
decile_2006worsened
10.695847
20.5410345
30.5523954
40.5115502
50.5580742
60.4640457
70.4558997
80.3669123
90.3853294
100.2832538
mean decile
mean_decileimproved
10.0070538
20.0045052
30.0061365
40.008246
50.0062043
60.0127933
70.0115587
80.0087983
90.0194543
100.0552775
decile_2006improved
10.0136846
20.0059952
30.0061927
40.0075092
50
60.0117492
70.0106671
80.0093419
90.0188674
100.033316
233
0
0
0
0
0
234, 235
000
000
000
below 40
40-60
above 60
236. 237
000
000
000
below 35
35-60
above 60
5.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
improved
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
improved
, ?
Would you like your kids to grow up in the Soviet Union or in
Russia nowadays
PercentFreq.
