Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

What leads to “particulate” researches in KRISS

Sangil Lee Center for Gas Analysis

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Particulate Workshop in CCQM GAWG April 15, 2015

BIPM

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Regulations for Particulate Matter in Korea

• Ambient air quality standards for PM10 & PM2.5 – mass-based standards μg/m3

• Emission standards for diesel vehicles

– mass-based standards for vehicles prior to 2014 g/km or g/kWh

– mass/number-based standards for vehicles since 2014 g/km or g/kWh, #/km or #/kWh

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network

Species Traceability

CO CRMs

NO2 CRMs

SO2 CRMs

O3 KRISS O3 SRP

PM10 -

PM2.5 -

More than 300 monitoring sites Ambient air quality standards

Nonattainment occurrence

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Reference Methods for Ambient PM Measurement

Reference method Continuous measurement (for non-/attainment & PM warning)

PM10 Beta ray attenuation Beta ray attenuation

PM2.5 Filter sampling/Gravimetry Beta ray attenuation

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Ambient PM Measurement

classify PM size: collection efficiency

determine mass: traceability

Beta ray attenuation PM monitor

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Evaluation of PM Size Classifiers

(Lee et al., 2013) KRISS Aerosol Wind Tunnel

Col

lect

ion

effic

ienc

y (%

)

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Harmonizing Continuous PM Measurement

Reference PM monitor Mass absorption

coefficient (μ)

Reference films

Reference films certified (CRFs) by Reference PM

monitor Uncertainty analysis QA/QC with CRFs for

ambient PM monitors

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Harmonizing Continuous PM Mass Measurement

1. Weigh a blank filter 2. Load the filter into the reference PM monitor 3. Collect particles on the filter 4. Weigh the sampled filter

Blank filters

Sample filters

Slope = μ

Reference films

Derive mass absorption coefficient and certify reference films

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Harmonizing Continuous PM Mass Measurement

Certify reference films (areal mass) with the reference PM monitor

Uncertainty of Certified Reference Films

Uncertainty analysis

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Organic Carbon, Elemental Carbon (or Black Carbon)

Ions 41%

OC, EC 38%

Soils, Metals

21%

PM2.5 Composition

OC/EC determined by thermal optical method - operational definition

Harmonize OC/EC (BC) data - develop standardized analysis protocols (on-going) - develop filter-based OC/EC reference materials - develop reference materials for elemental/black carbons

(Ho et al., 2010)

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Particle Number Concentration Measurement

(Kittelson, 1998)

Calibration needed for automobile industries and aerosol research communities

(Buzea et al., 2007)

• Automobile emission regulations • Health studies

• Particle formation and growth

(Kumala et al., 2012)

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science

Thank you for your attention