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LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What is the Watershed Plan?The Lake Wingra Watershed Plan is a joint initiative between the City of Madison and the Friends of Lake Wingra to achieve the goals listed in “Lake Wingra, a vision for the future.” These goals include:
1. Clean, clear, water
2. Restored spring flow
3. Abundant native plants and animals
4. Stewardship and enjoyment
http://www.motherofalltrips.com/2011/08/allstate‐amazon‐gift‐card‐giveaway.html
The Wingra Watershed Plan seeks to address some of these goals by looking at measures that reduce phosphorus and chlorides into the lake, as well as increasing area infiltration
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
1998 2006 2010 2014200220092003
Friends of Lake WingraFounded in 1998
Take a Stake In The Lakes
Background
Lake Wingra Watershed Management Plan: 2011 to Present
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Where is the Lake Wingra Watershed?
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Specific Watershed Plan Goals1. Phosphorus: Of the 1,900 pounds of phosphorus generated in
the watershed each year,
Percent ReductionAdditional TP Removal
NeededExisting Conditions 38.5% 731 lbs
(current removal)Short‐Term Goal 50% 218 lbs
Long‐Term Goal 80% 570 lbs
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Specific Watershed Plan Goals2. Chlorides: Change the lake chloride concentration from 120 mg/l
to 40 mg/l that existed in the early 1970s.
2011 Salt Report
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Specific Watershed Plan Goals3. Infiltration/Groundwater Recharge: Of the 742 million gallons of
lost infiltration due to development,
Recover % of Lost Infiltration
Additional Infiltration Needed
Lost InfiltrationNA 742 million gallons
Existing Infiltration Facilities
28 million gallons
Short‐Term Goal10% 46 million gallons
Long‐Term Goal25% 112 million gallons
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What can you do?1. Educate yourself! – The way you rake leaves, apply salt, mow
your lawn matters.
2. Change norms! – As you become a better environmental steward, encourage your neighbors and local businesses to do the same.
3. Support change! – The city also will be making management changes and implementing projects to improve water quality. This may require moderating expectations (ex snow removal) and accepting projects near to you (eg basins).
4. Advocate! – Each year the City of Madison must establish its budget priorities. Let your local officials know that environmental stewardship is a priority.
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Why is Phosphorus so important?• Polluted runoff is Wisconsin's
number one water quality problem,
• Extra phosphorus can wash into our lakes and streams from lawns, leaf piles, stormwater and construction sites, roads and other hard surfaces,
• Extra phosphorus causes algae blooms, water quality decline, and negative impacts
• Fertilizers, leaves, grass clippings, eroded soil, and animal waste are all sources of nutrients, including phosphorus.
http://www.wisconsinlakes.org/index.php/polluted-run-off
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What is currently being done to reduce Phosphorus?Fertilizer Phosphorus Bans• Dane County: Jan. 1, 2005• State of WI: April 1, 2010
UW‐Madison Arboretum Stormwater Treatment Measures• 2003, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014• UW‐Madison, City of Madison, Town of Madison, City of Fitchburg, WisDOT
Erosion Control and Stormwater Ordinances• City of Madison: Chapter 37• Dane County: Chapter 14• Requires controls on public and private developments• Redevelopment required to meet 80% TSS Reduction (to assist in meeting Rock River TMDL)
City of Madison Initiatives• Alum Treatment Pilot Project• 1,000 Rain Gardens Initiative• Terrace Rain Gardens• Leaf Collection & Street Sweeping
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What can we do to reduce Phosphorus?
Structural Improvements• Wet Detention Basins• Bioretention Basins• Rain Gardens• Streambank
Restoration• Alum Addition to Wet
Ponds
Non-Structural Improvements• Construction Site Erosion
Control Enforcement• Modified Leaf Collection
Methods• Wetland Harvesting• Modified Street Sweeping
Methods/Schedule• Pet Waste Enforcement• Infiltration
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What you can you do to decrease Phosphorus?
Pet Waste Leaves
http://web.uri.edu/riss/files/PetWasteSign.jpg
Yard Waste
CLIPPINGS OUT OF GUTTER
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What can/is the City doing to reduce Phosphorus?
Street Sweeping & Leaf Collection Leaf Collection
Construction Site Erosion Control Constructing Basins
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Why is salt a problem?
Circle diameter proportional to chloride concentration
Madison Wells with Chlorides From City of Madison 2011 Salt Report
Road salt harms aquatic lifehttp://cutsalt.blogspot.com/2011_10_01_archive.html
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Estimated chloride contribution to Lake Wingra
City of Madison
Streets, 35%
County Maintained,
11%
Arboretum, 0%Town of
Madison Streets,
0.6%
Sidewalks/ Alleys/Bike Paths, 3%
Residential, 3.5%
Commercial/ Multifamily/ Institutional,
47%
2006-2012
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
How much salt do you use?Spreading between 3 to 5 lbs per 1000 square feet is sufficient to melt snow. Studies show that both commercial and private applicators spread as much as 25 to 30 lbs per 1,000 square foot!
Too much salt gets into our lakeshttp://www.callcontour.com/landscaping/2012/12/just‐enough‐applying‐salt‐for‐winter‐de‐icing
• Shovel your driveway promptly to avoid packing and the need for salt
• Use sand for traction. The City places sand for residents to use in several locations.
• Use less salt. You need much less than you think to melt snow and ice.
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What can the City do to use less salt?The City of Madison already takes substantial measures which include:• Applying anti-icing solutions to pavements in advance of storms.• Waiting until streets are plowed before applying salt.• Using sand instead of salt on non-arterials.After every storm the Streets Department receives numerous calls to apply more salt. Rarely are they asked to apply less salt.
The City’s salt use is directly related to our expectations – changing our expectations will help the City use less salt.
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What’s needed to achieve goal?
ProjectedChloride Levels
Model Results
60% Commercial Reduction
60% Municipal Reduction
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Why is spring flow important?• At one time there
were 33 springs flowing into Lake Wingra.
• Today, this number has been reduced to 13 springs(shown on the adjacent map)
Flowing SpringWell
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What is the impact of impervious surfaces?
http://www.uwsp.edu/cnr‐ap/clue/Documents/Water/ImperviousSurfaceShort2013.pdf
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What is currently being done to Increase Infiltration?MG&E Infiltration Facility• 26.9 million gallons per year
Erosion Control and Stormwater Ordinances• City of Madison: Chapter 37• Dane County: Chapter 14• Requires Infiltration On Development Sites, Where
Feasible (9 Existing)
City of Madison Initiatives• 1,000 Rain Gardens Initiative• Terrace Rain Gardens• Westmorland Park Infiltration Facility
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
How can we increase spring flow?
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What you can do to increase spring flow
Downspout Disconnection
Rain Garden
Terrace Rain Garden
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What’s needed to meet Short-Term Infiltration and Phosphorus Goals?
Goal # Projects Approx. Cost
Short-Term Infiltration Goal 12 $10.2 million
Short-Term TP Reduction Goal 1-3 $55,000 to $0.8 million
TOTAL $10.3 to $11 million
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
What will happen with the Watershed Plan?
Finalize Watershed Plan Report
Seek Endorsements• Neighborhood groups• Advocacy
organizations(Clean Lakes Alliance, Yahara WINS, etc.)
Seek City Approval
• Commission on Environment
• Board of Public Works
• Common Council
Phase 2 of Leaf
Collection Pilot Project
Watershed Plan Activity
Advocate for Implementation
Resources
Funding for Infrastructure
MeasuresExample• Basins• Infiltration• Etc.
Support for Internal
Management Changes
Example• Leaf bagging• Salt use• Etc.
Community Advocacy Activity
Support for External
ProgramsExample• Commercial
salt applicator certification
• Infiltration incentives
You can make a difference in its implementation!
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Breakout Sessions
Phosphorus Reduction Road Salt Reduction Increased Infiltration
Council Spring, near Arbor Drive and Monroe Street in Madison, Wisconsin as it appeared on Dec. 7, 2011. Photo copyrighted by Stephen B. Glass
http://www.cleanlakesalliance.com/2013/11/07/rain-leaves-and-lakes-dont-mix/
• What do you like about the proposal?• Are there concerns with any of the proposals?• What would it take to make it happen?• Are you willing to be a champion for a proposal?
LAKE WINGRA WATERSHED PLAN
Trade-Off AnalysisExample: Homeowners apply less salt
Low High
Implementation Ease
How easy would it be to convince homeowners to use less salt?
Changing community norms takes years and decades – but eventually behaviors change
EffectivenessHow much difference would it make in Lake Wingra chloride levels?
Of all the salt reaching LakeWingra, only 3.6% is attributable to residential properties
Overall CostWhat would be the overall cost to get homeowners to use less salt?
The cost of implementing this measure is low – amounting to just the costs of public information.
Cost-EffectivenessHow cost-effective is it to have homeowners use less salt?
It is very cost-effective to use less salt and get satisfactory results
Public AcceptanceHow easy would it be to get public acceptance?
Generally, most citizens when informed of the advantages would support this initiative
This initiative would . . .