What is the food you eat made of?

What are organic molecules?

• Organic molecules are molecules that are normally found in or produced in living systems..

What do they look like?

• Organic compounds are normally made of carbon atoms in ring or long chains.

There are 4 types of organic compounds:

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Nucleic Acids

Organic Molecules make up all organisms

What is in a cheeseburger?

Nutrition Facts (Big ‘N Tasty at McDonalds):

Calories: 520

Total Fat: 29 grams

Saturated Fat: 9 grams

Carbohydrates: 41 grams

Protein: 24 grams

Carbohydrates

• Which part of the cheeseburger do you believe has the most carbohydrates?

Why does the bun have so many carbohydrates?

• Carbohydrates are a fancy way of saying “sugars.”

• Sugars provide living things with energy as well as act as substances used for structure.

– For example: the shell of a crab or the stem of a plant both contain a high amount of carbohydrates.

Glucose

Starch

Why does the bun have so many carbohydrates?

What happens in our bodies when we eat the

bun?

What about other carbohydrates?

Cellulose

Which part of the cheeseburger is the best

source of protein?

Why does the meat have the most protein?

Proteins: Large organic molecules made of different amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

What is an amino acid?

• Amino Acid: a molecule that contains both a carboxyl and amine functional group. These are the building blocks of proteins.

Why does the meat have so much protein?

What are proteins made of?

• Proteins are all made of long chains of the same 20 amino acids. In our body proteins from our diet are broken down into amino acids to make the cellular machinery that is necessary within our bodies.

Why do bodybuilders drink protein shakes and eat protein bars?

Which part of the cheeseburger is a source

of fat?

What is fat?

• Fats are a type of lipid.

• Lipids are hydrophobic (water-fearing, fat-loving) organic molecule that includes fats, oils, and waxes

Lipids in membranes

What is a nucleic acid?

Nucleic Acids store and transmit genetic information

DNA: the foundation for life

• DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid. DNA is present in all living organisms and some viruses.

How do nucleic acids relate to the cheeseburger?

• The DNA is the instructions that make proteins. These proteins are the proteins present in the hamburger meat.

Building Blocks

Organic Molecules are broken down

Spaghetti and Meatballs

-Meatballs- Pasta sauce- Noodles- Cheese

Pepperoni Pizza

• Pepperoni

• Cheese

• Crust

• Pizza Sauce

Organic Compound

Polymer

Atoms Monomer Examples Picture

Nucleic Acid CHONP Nucleotide DNA and RNA

Protein CHON Amino Acid Keratin, Insulin, Enzymes

Carbohydrate CHO Sugar Bread, Starch, Potato

Lipid CH Glycerol and Fatty Acids

Waxes, oils, fats