What is Matter?

Turn and Talk

Take a few moments to turn to a neighbor to discuss and complete the

Everything Matters to Us worksheet

Matter

Matter Video

Lesson Goals and Objectives

For the next two days:• You will learn about the three states of

matter

• You will learn what physical changes are and how matter can change from one state to another.

• You will learn how chemical changes can cause some kinds of matter to become new matter.

Matter

Matter is everything around you. Matter is anything made of atoms and molecules. Matter

is anything that has a mass.

Atom

• The smallest particle that can still be identified as the matter it came from is an atom

Three State of Matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Online Demonstration Game

SOLIDS

SOLIDA solid is matter that has that has definite

size and shape.

Molecules are held close together and there is very little movement between them.

Example: Put a sneaker in a box. It stays the same.

Liquids

LIQUID

A liquid takes the shape of any container.

Atoms and molecules have more space between them than a solid does, but less than a gas (example: It is more “fluid”.)

Example: Pour juice into a glass. The juice will take on the shape of the glass.

GAS

GasGas is matter that has no definite shape.

Gases take the shape of whatever container they are in .

Molecules are moving in random patterns with varying amounts of distance between the particles.

Example: The air all around us is a gas.

All matter is made up of atoms. Imagine that we (the classroom) are a liquid. We can move around fairly easy.

If I were to remove half of the students here we would

become a gas. We can move extremely easy.

If I were to add 65 more students to this room we

would become a _______?

States of Matter

Since we would not be able to move as freely.

All matter, regardless of state, undergoes physical and chemical changes. These changes can be

microscopic or macroscopic.

•A physical change occurs when the substance changes state but does not change its chemical composition. •For example: water freezing into ice, cutting a piece of wood into smaller pieces, etc. •The form or appearance has changed, but the properties of that substance are the same (it has the same melting point, boiling point, chemical composition, etc.)

Physical Changes

• Breaking• Crushing• Cutting• Bending• Melting• Freezing• Boiling

• Can happen naturally• People can cause

changes– Water evaporating

– Rain falling and causing puddles

– People cause change • Recycling paper

• Recycling metal

Physical Change• Freezing water is a physical change because

it’s still water if it’s frozen or liquid (it’s the same junk!!)

PHYSICAL CHANGES

•A chemical change occurs when a substance changes into something new.

•This occurs due to heating, chemical reaction, etc.

•You can tell a chemical change has occurred if the density, melting point or freezing point of the original substance changes. Many common signs of a chemical change can be seen (bubbles forming, mass changed, etc).

You can’t go back to the original substances after a chemical change (reaction) has occurred!!

Baking soda reacting w/ vinegar

Burning wood

Chemical changes in matter New Matter is formed.

– Burning – Rusting – Cooking

CHEMICAL CHANGES

Is this a solid, a liquid, or a gas?Can you find more than one type of matter in any of the pictures?

Is this a physical change or a chemical change? Can you find more than one physical or chemical change in the pictures?

Conservation of Matter• Chemical changes don’t make new matter

• The total mass of the products that form equals the total mass of the substances that react.

• There is no observable change in the quantity of matter during a chemical reaction or a physical change.

• In other words, matter cannot be created nor destroyed. It is just converted from one form to another

Quick Review

• What is a physical change? A physical change is a change in

the size, shape, state, or appearance of matter.

• What is a chemical change? A chemical change causes matter

to become a new kind of matter.

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