The Respiratory System

What is its purpose?

RESPIRATORY PRE-TEST1. The main function of the respiratory system

is_____2. Name the structures of the respiratory

system.3. What is the larynx?4. Describe the role of the epiglottis.5. Explain ways in which you can care for the

respiratory system.6. List at least 3 problems associated with the

respiratory system and their symptoms.

BELLRINGERWhat happens to air in the lungs when you

breathe out?

What Happens During Respiration

Main Idea The lungs take in oxygen from the air you inhale and return carbon dioxide to the air when you exhale.

The respiratory systems provides oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body.

Main Function of the Respiration SystemThe main function of the respiratory system

is respiration, the exchange of gases between the body and the environment.

The respiratory system removes carbon dioxide from the body and provides it with fresh oxygen.

External and Internal RespirationExternal Respiration is oxygen that moves from the lungs into the

blood, and carbon dioxide from the blood into the lungs.

Internal Respiration is oxygen that moves from the blood into the

cells, and carbon dioxide moves from the cells into the blood.

Structure of the Respiratory System The Lungs— fill automatically found in chest Emptied in a rhythmic way The Diaphragm Muscle Separates the chest from the abdominal cavity Expands chest cavity and your lungs Lobes—

Bronchioles Alveoli Pharynx Trachea--windpipe Bronchi—main airways that reach each lung.

The Larynx and the EpiglottisLarynx---The voice boxEpiglottis---Flap of cartilage in front of the

entrance of the larynx.

Care of the Respiratory SystemSusceptible to infectionAvoid putting hands up to your mouthHand washingPolluted airSmokingExercise—Strengthens the lungs.

Respiratory System ProblemsBronchitis---Inflammation of the bronchi.A. Symptoms include: wheezing, shortness of

breath, and coughing. Can be acute (severe but not long lasting), comes on suddenly and usually clears up.

B. Chronic (long lasting, recurring and can get progressively worse). Usually associated with a viral infection(micro organism capable of replicating within living cells).

C. Common in smokers and in area with high pollution.

Asthma (AZ-muh)Inflammatory condition in the small airways in

the lungs called bronchioles become narrow, causing difficulty in breathing.

Triggers---exertion, emotion, infection, allergens, changes in the weather.

Bronchodilators—medicine that relax and widen the airways.

Preventive measures---hand held inhalers---self administered

Prophylactic medication---medications, taken several times a day through an inhaler.

PneumoniaInflammation of the lungs.Caused by infectious organisms---bacteria or virusTwo main typesA. Lobar pneumonia—one lung is infected at firstB. Bronchial pneumonia---Inflammation starts in the

bronchi and spreads to tissue in one or both of the lungs.

Symptoms: fever, chills, shortness of breath, and a severe cough.

Pleurisy( PLUR-uh-see)---Inflammation of the membrane lining the lungs and chest cavity. Chest pain that is worse when breathing.

TuberculosisInfectious bacterial disease of the lungs.Symptoms: fever and sweating, weakness,

poor appetite, shortness of breath and severe coughing.

Rarity---Modern antibiotic medicines

EmphysemaA disease in which the alveoli in the lungs

burst and blend to form fewer, large sacs with less surface area.

Normal exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the alveoli is disrupted.

Symptoms---difficulty breathing and a chronic cough

Cause---breathing foreign matters such as smoke and other air pollutants over a long period of time. Most often caused by cigarette smoking.

Cannot be reversed

SinusitisInflammation of the membrane lining in the

facial sinuses, the air-filled cavities in the bones that surround the nose.

Symptoms---fever, stuffy nose, and a throbbing ache in the affected area.

Treatment---Antibiotic medications, decongestant drops or spray, and steam inhalation

How the Body Workhttp://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/

Review Quiz1. The main function of the respiratory system

is_____2. Name at least 4 of the 8 structures of the

respiratory system.3. What is the larynx?4. Describe the role of the epiglottis.5. Explain ways in which you can care for the

respiratory system.Bonus

6. List at least 3 problems associated with the respiratory system and their symptoms.