What is intrinsic value?

1. To have worth itself, independent of relations to other things.2. Seems something as being truly important for its own sake, “respect of essence.”3. The worth of any given thing, person, animal, etc. that comes through the mere

existence of that entity.4. Possessing worth independent of that interpreted or projected by an individual

(worth in and of itself).5. The worth an object/being has that is inherent to its being (not what it can be

used for).6. The idea that something has inherent worth simply because it exists.7. Existence in and of itself independent of the existence of others.8. Giving creatures in nature more worth based on what type of creature they are.9. How much something is worth to itself.10. The importance and worth of an item, animal, person, plant, etc. independent of

just what it can provide instrumentally.

What is economism?

1. Dealing with the money and property of a given society.2. A framework of measuring costs and benefits.3. The belief that things should be valued based on the production they can provide.4. Making decisions based on a cost-benefit analysis—that is, making decisions that

produce the lowest monetary cost.5. The valuation of nature in terms of the monetary value the things in nature have

to offer to those who use them.6. A object/being’s worth derives from what it can contribute to society and can be

measured with a dollar amount.7. A perspective in which everything is evaluated based on monetary value.8. The notion that things can be viewed or given worth relative to their monetary

value.9. Approach to valuing goods, services, and resources, as aspects to be exploited and

turned to profit.10. Looking at something as the benefit you can derive from it.

Evangelicals & Climate Change

Evangelicalism

18th Century England, John Wesley and MethodismEmphasize:

Personal conversion (being “born again”)High regard for biblical authority

Saving power of death & resurrection of JesusSharing the Gospel (evangelization)

Evangelicals & Climate Change

Evangelical Climate Change Denial

Key Ideas•Emphasize God’s sovereignty in solving environmental and other problems•Apocalyptic focus on eschatology, the End Times•Sense of being a persecuted minority, who know the real “Truth” that is not recognized by the “world” •Suspicion of science and its authority, emphasis on scientific uncertainly, climate change as “theory”•suspicion of nature worship, deification of nature, New Age religion, environmentalism as an alternate belief system, the “religion of global warming”

Evangelicals & Climate Change

Evangelical Climate-Change Denial

Key Ideas, cont.• Focus on personal morality (esp. sexual), salvation and saving of souls, not social justice or saving creation•Related focus on individualism, individual rights, liberty, private property, free enterprise, which are identified as the essential American values•Climate change advocates seen as anti-capitalist, anti-American•Advocate “wise use” stewardship for human beings, improving the environment, gardens better than wilderness•Protecting economic prosperity trumps protecting environment•Stress economic impacts of responding to climate change,

Evangelicals & Climate Change

Evangelical Climate Change Denial

Cornwall Alliance (formerly the Interfaith Council on Environmental Stewardship, ICES)

Acton Institute for the Study of Religion and Liberty

Key spokesperson: E. Calvin BeisnerWhere Garden Meets Wilderness: Evangelical Entry into the Environmental Debate (1997)

The Cornwall Declaration on Environmental Stewardship(Cornwall Alliance, 2000)

(Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission of the Southern Baptist Convention, 2012)

Evangelicals & Climate Change

Green Evangelicals: Climate Care

Key Ideas•Social justice an important aspect of biblical teachings•Stewardship/dominion on the model of Christ as servant•Continuity between present material existence and kingdom of God•Reliance on testimony of evangelical scientists to overcome suspicion of science•Stress on environmental consequences for human beings of global warming, especially impact on the poor

Evangelicals & Climate Change

Green Evangelicals: Creation Care

Evangelical Environmental Network (EEN)Evangelical Climate Initiative (ECI)

Key spokesperson: Rick Warrenbest-selling author of The Purpose-Driven Life

What would Jesus Drive? (EEN, 2003)Climate Change: An Evangelical Call to Action (2006)

The Great Climate Change Debate

1. Are the moral and scientific imperatives of climate change such that we ought to make sacrifices to address them?

2. If sacrifices should be made, who is responsible for making them, and why?  If no sacrifices should be made, what should our response to climate change be?