What is Ethnic Cleansing?

C7K4

AKA as GENOCIDE

• Is a process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region.

• Desire to be the sole inhabitants and not just defeat and subjugate the other ethnic group as in traditional wars

OBJECTIVES

• Ethnic Cleansing in Europe• Ethnic Cleansing in Central Africa

Ethnic Cleansing in Europe

• WWII (1939 – 1945): Nazis targeted Jews & Gypsies

• Post WWII: German migration because of border changes

• Creation of Multiethnic Yugoslavia (AKA Balkans)

BALKANS AKA POWDER KEG

• Incredibly Diverse:• Seven Neighbors• Six Republics• Five Nationalities • Four Languages• Three Religions• Two Alphabets• One Currency

Destruction of Multiethnic Yugoslavia

• 1990’s: Fall of Communism = desire for self determination by the five republics

• Bosnia (48% Muslim against 37% Serb/ 14% Croats)

• Peace accord: land disproportionately distributed.

Destruction of Multiethnic Yugoslavia

• Kosovo: 90% Albania Muslim• Serbs invaded and attempted

to remove Albanians from Kosovo (resulted in NATO involvement)

• Balkanization: process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities = threat to peace and stability in surrounding areas

Ethnic Cleansing in Central Africa

• 1880’s: Imperialism factor: Colonies did not reflect ethnic identity.

1950/60’s: African Independence did not revert to tribal, rather nation-states

Rwanda

• Central Africa: German/Belgium colony

• Hutu80% , Tutsi15%, Twa4%, European1%

• 1962: Independence resulted in power shift

• 1994: intensified into 800,000 Tutsi’s killed

• Domino Effect: spilled into Burundi, Congo

GENOCIDE RESEARCH

• you and a partner will be assigned a genocide to research within the past century. PLAGIARISM WILL NOT BE TOLERATED. READ & SUMMARIZE IN YOUR OWN WORDS. DUE ON MONDAY

• 1) Who did it involve? (demographic % of the country) • 2) Where did it happen? (country/ region) • 3) When did it happen? (year(s) and also what was going on with the USA

at this time?) • 4) What was the conflict about? (summarized two or three paragraphs)• 5) What was the international response? (in a paragraph)• 6) What was the death toll? (number of dead, % of population)• 7) Why do you think the international community responded/ did not

respond the way it did? (one to two paragraphs)• 8) How could this have been prevented? (one to two paragraphs)

9) provide a cover page that will include a map of area, title, and at least two images of the events surrounding the genocide.

• PREPARE TO PRESENT YOUR INFO IN CLASS (prepare an index card with a shortened version of items 1 through 8 to present in class. No more than 3 minute presentation.

Genocides• 1) Holocaust• 2) Rwanda• 3) Bosnia• 4) Armenian • 5) Cambodian• 6) Namibian• 7) Congolese by Belgium • 8) Darfur• 9) Kurds by Iraq• 10) China by Japan• 11) Ukrainian