What is Effect of k-12 in the Electrical Engineering Practice?iiee.org.ph/.../12/...Program-on-Electrical-Engineering-Profession.pdf · fundamentals of electrical engineering that

What is Effect of k-12 in the Electrical Engineering Practice?

REPUBLIC ACT NO 7920 THE NEW ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LAW

Definition of Terms

“Practice of electrical engineering” a person is deemed to be in the practice of electrical engineering when he renders or offers to render professional electrical engineering services in the form of:

1. Consultation, investigation, valuation and management of services requiring electrical engineering knowledge;

2. Design and preparation of plans, specifications and estimates for electric power systems, power plants, power distribution system including power transformers, transmission lines, and network protection, switchgear, building wiring, electrical machines, equipment and others.

3. Supervision of erection, installation, testing and commissioning of power plants, substations, transmission lines, industrial plants and others;

4. Supervision of operation and maintenance of electrical equipment in power plants, industrial plants, watercrafts, electric locomotives and others

5. Supervision of the manufacture and repair of electrical equipment equipment including switchboards, transformers, generators, motors, apparatus and others;

6. Teaching of electrical engineering professional subjects

7. Taking charge of the sate and distribution of electrical equipment and systems requiring engineering calculations or applications of engineering data.

Qualification of Application for registration as Professional Electrical Engineer

• He is a citizen of the Philippines • He is of good reputation with high moral values • He has not been finally convicted by the court of an

offensive involving moral turpitude • He is a holder of the degree of Bachelor of Science in

Electrical Engineering (BSEE) from a University, school, college, academy or institute duly constituted, recognized and accredited by the Philippines government and

• He is a registered electrical engineer with valid certificate of registration and professional license and with four (4) years or more of active practice reckoned from the date of his registration as a registered electrical engineer.

Qualification of Application for registration as Registered Electrical Engineer Examination

• He is a citizen of the Philippines • He is at least twenty-one (21) years of age • He is of good reputation with high moral values • He has not been finally convicted by the court of

an offensive involving moral turpitude and • He is a holder of the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Electrical Engineering (BSEE) from a University, school, college, academy or institute duly constituted, recognized and accredited by the Philippines government.

Qualification of Application for registration as Registered Master Electrician Examination

• He is a citizen of the Philippines

• He is at least eighteen (18) years of age

• He is of good reputation with high moral values

• He has not been finally convicted by the court of an offensive involving moral turpitude and

• He has any of the following technical backgrounds

1. Has completed at least three (3) years of a five-year Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering (BSEE) program or a three-year course in Electrical Engineering Technology from an engineering school recognized by the Philippine government and in addition, has a subsequent specific record of one (1) year

2. Has graduated from a two-year electrician’s course of instruction from a vocational or trade school recognized by the Philippines government and, in addition, at least two (2) years of apprenticeship after completion of the course of instruction on electrical installation , operation and maintenance of utilization devices and equipment; or

3. Has completed a one-year electrician’s course of instruction from a vocational school recognized by the Philippines government and, in addition, has at least three (3) years of apprenticeship after completion of the course of instruction on electrical installation, operation and maintenance of utilization devices and equipment; or

4. Has completed a four-year high school education or its equivalent and, in addition, has a subsequent specific record of at least five (5) years of apprenticeship in electric wiring, installation, operation and maintenance of utilization devices and equipment.

CHED MEMORANDUM ORDER NO 34 SERIES 2008 POLICIES AND STANDARDS FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Rationale

• The field of ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electricity. It also deals with the design, operation and protection, maintenance and economics of electrical systems with emphasis on ethical values to harness economically and safety the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of society and the environment.

Objectives

• Provide the students with an education in the fundamentals of electrical engineering that will allow them to be immediately competitive in industry or in graduate work while providing the best opportunity for achieving full potential

• Develop a sense of professional responsibility and social awareness

• Provide practical applications and hands-on work as evidenced by laboratory, design, project study, computer exercises and practicum courses. These would help the students to work well whether independently or as part of the group

Specific profession /career/Occupations or trades that the graduates may go into (based on CMO 34 S2008):

• Power Engineer – Power System Operations, Power System Protection, Power system economics, Power Plant

• Design Engineer – Advance Power System, Advance Electrical Designer, Machine Automation and Process Control Engineer

• Illumination Engineer • Entrepreneur • Sale Engineer • Engineering Educators and Researcher • Instrumentation and Control Engineer • Safe Engineer • Maintenance Engineer • Construction and Project Engineer • Software Developer • Electrical Design Inspector

fEngineering programs must demonstrate that their students attain

the following outcomes:

A. An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and

engineering

B. An ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to

analyze and interpret data

C. An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet

desired needs within realistic constraints such as economic,

environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety,

manufacturability, and sustainability

D. An ability to function on multidisciplinary teams

E. An ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering

problems

Engineering Program Outcomes (BS)…

ABET

F. An understanding of professional and ethical responsibility

G. An ability to communicate effectively

H. The broad education necessary to understand the impact of

engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental,

and societal context

I. A recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-

long learning

J. A knowledge of contemporary issues

K. A an ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern

engineering tools necessary for engineering practice.

…Engineering Program Outcomes (BS)

ABET

Understanding the K-12 Basic Education Program

Academic Specialization:

Engineering/ Journalism/Foreign

Language

Tech-Voc Specialization

Sports/Arts Specialization

MODEL 2 Junior/Senior HS

Curriculum

• Core Academic Areas (5) Grades

11-12

• Core Academic Areas(8) include TLE (choice of Agri-Fishery, Industrial Arts, HE or ICT)

Grade

10

• Core Academic Areas (8) include TLE (choice of Agri-Fishery, Industrial Arts, HE or ICT)

Grade

9


Grade

8


Grade

7

Senior High School Curriculum

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

*The Academic track includes four (4) strands: Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM); General Academic;

Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS); Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM).

The Proposed Grades 11 and 12 will have 31

80-hour subjects, totalling 2,480 hours.

15 Core Subjects

16 Track Subjects

7 Contextualized

Subjects

9 Specialization

subjects

31 TOTAL SUBJECTS

Each subject will have 80 hours per semester

P.E. and Health will have 20 hours per semester for 4 semesters


Core Subjects

Contextualized Subjects in the

Tracks

Specialization Subjects in the

Tracks


same

competencies

same

competencies

different

competencies

same

content

different

content

different

content

Senior High School Subjects

Senior High School Core Subjects

Core Learning Areas and Subjects hours per

semester

Language

Oral Communication 80

Reading & Writing 80

Komunikasyon at Pananaliksik sa Wikang Filipino at Kulturang Pilipino 80

Pagbasa at Pagsusuri ng Iba’t Ibang Teksto Tungo sa Pananaliksik 80

Humanities 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World 80

The Contemporary Arts from the Regions 80

Communication Media & Information Literacy 80

Mathematics General Mathematics 80

Statistics & Probability 80

Science Earth and Life Science (Lecture and Laboratory) 80

Physical Science (Lecture and Laboratory) 80

Social Science Personal Development 80

Understanding Society & Culture 80

Philosophy Intro to Philosophy of the Human Person 80

PE and Health Physical Education and Health 80

CORE Total Number of Hours 1,200

TRACK Total Number of Hours 1,280

Total Number of Hours (CORE + TRACK) 2,480

Total Hours (CORE + TRACK) divided by Number of School Days in SHS (400) = average hours/day 6.2 hours/day



*For Finalization

Contextualized Track Subjects


Academic, Technical-Vocational-Livelihood,

Sports, Arts & Design Tracks

1 English for Academic and Professional Purposes

2 Research 1: Qualitative Research in Daily Life

3 Research 2: Quantitative Research in Daily Life

4 Pagsulat sa Filipino sa Piling Larangan (Akademik, Isports, Sining at Tech-Voc)

5 Empowerment Technologies (E-Tech): ICT for Professional Tracks

6 Entrepreneurship

7 Research Project / Culminating Activity*

Academic Track

Specialized Subjects

Accountancy, Business and Management Strand

8 ABM Strand 1 Applied Economics

9 ABM Strand 2 Business Ethics and Social Responsibility

10 ABM Strand 3 Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business and Management 1

11 ABM Strand 4 Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business and Management 2

12 ABM Strand 5 Business Math

13 ABM Strand 6 Business Finance

14 ABM Strand 7 Organization and Management

15 ABM Strand 8 Principles of Marketing

16 ABM Strand 9 Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity

i.e. Business Enterprise Simulation



Academic Track


Humanities and Social Sciences Strand*

8 HUMSS Strand 1 Creative Writing

9 HUMSS Strand 2 Creative Nonfiction: The Literary Essay

10 HUMSS Strand 3 World Religions and Belief Systems

11 HUMSS Strand 4 Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century

12 HUMSS Strand 5 Philippine Politics and Governance

13 HUMSS Strand 6 Community Engagement, Social Participation and Citizenship

14 HUMSS Strand 7 Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences

15 HUMSS Strand 8 Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

16 HUMSS Strand 9 Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating

Activity



Senior High School Core Subjects for the STEM Strand


Core Learning Areas and Subjects hours per

semester

Language

Oral Communication 80

Reading & Writing 80

Komunikasyon at Pananaliksik sa Wika at Kulturang Pilipino 80

Pagbasa at Pagsusuri ng Iba’t Ibang Teksto Tungo sa Pananaliksik 80

Humanities 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World 80

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions 80

Communication Media & Information Literacy 80

Mathematics General Mathematics 80

Statistics & Probability 80

Science Earth Science 80

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction 80

Social Science Personal Development / Pansariling Kaunlaran 80

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics 80

Philosophy Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person / Pambungad sa Pilosopiya

ng Tao 80

PE and Health Physical Education and Health 80

CORE Total Number of Hours 1,200

TRACK Total Number of Hours 1,280

Total Number of Hours (CORE + TRACK) 2,480

Total Hours (CORE + TRACK) divided by Number of School Days in SHS (400) = average hours/day 6.2 hours/day DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Academic Track Specialized Subjects

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Strand

8 STEM Strand 1 Pre-Calculus

9 STEM Strand 2 Basic Calculus

10 STEM Strand 3 General Biology 1

11 STEM Strand 4 General Biology 2

12 STEM Strand 5 General Physics 1

13 STEM Strand 6 General Physics 2

14 STEM Strand 7 General Chemistry 1

15 STEM Strand 8 General Chemistry 2

16 STEM Strand 9 Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating

Activity



Academic Track


Proposed General Academic Strand*

8 Strand 1 Humanities 1


10 Strand 3 Social Science 1

11 Strand 4 Applied Economics

12 Strand 5 Organization and Management

13 Strand 6 Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

14 Strand 7 Elective 1 (from any Track/Strand)


16 Strand 9 Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity



Institutionalization of the Philippine Qualification Framework

Executive Order no 83

October 1 , 2012

Six (6) Years

Four (4) Years Junior HS +

Two (2) Years Senior HS +

TESD Specialization (NC I

and NC II) + Arts & Sports

Technical

Education

and Skills

Development

Baccalaureate,

Post- Baccalaureate,

Post-Doctoral/

Specialization

One (1)

Year

C:/Users/User/Desktop/NTESDP_Clark/NTESDP Framework as of July25.pptx

THE PHL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK

LEVEL

GRADE 10

GRADE 12

TECHNICAL EDUCATION AND

SKILLS DEVELOPMENT HIGHER EDUCATION

DOCTORAL AND

POST DOCTORAL

BACCALAUREATE

BASIC EDUCATION

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

L8

NC I

NC II

NC IV

NC III

NC IV

DIPLOMA

BACCALAUREATE

POST BACCALAUREATE


LEVEL

GRADE 10

GRADE 12



DOCTORAL AND

POST DOCTORAL

BACCALAUREATE

BASIC EDUCATION

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

L8

NC I

NC II

NC IV

NC III

NC IV

DIPLOMA

BACCALAUREATE

POST

BACCALAUREATE

RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING LIFELONG LEARNING

EQUIVALENCY

ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION

WAGE EMPLOYMENT/ENTREPRENEURSHIP/SELF-EMPLOYMENT

8-LEVEL QUALIFICATIONS DESCRIPTORS

Defined in terms of 3 domains

1. Knowledge, skills and values

2. Application

3. Degree of independence

LEVEL 1

KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS AND VALUES

Knowledge and skills that are manual or concrete or

practical and/or operational in focus.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in a limited range of

highly familiar and predictable contexts; involve

straightforward, routine issues which are addressed

by following set rules, guidelines or procedures.

DEGREE OF INDEPENDENCE

In conditions where there is very close support,

guidance or supervision; minimum judgment or

discretion is needed.

QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE I

LEVEL 2


Knowledge and skills that are manual, practical

and/or operational in focus with a variety of options.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in a range of

familiar and predictable contexts; involve routine

issues which are identified and addressed by

selecting from and following a number of set rules,

guidelines or procedures.


In conditions where there is substantial support,

guidance or supervision; limited judgment or


QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE II

LEVEL 3


Knowledge and skills that are a balance of theoretical

and/or technical and practical.

Work involves understanding the work process,

contributing to problem solving, and making decisions to

determine the process, equipment and materials to be

used.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in contexts with some

unfamiliar or unpredictable aspects; involve routine and

non-routine issues which are identified and addressed by

interpreting and/or applying established guidelines or

procedures with some variations.


Application at this level may involve individual

responsibility or autonomy, and/or may involve some

responsibility for others. Participation in teams including

team or group coordination may be involved.

QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE III

LEVEL 4


Knowledge and skills that are mainly theoretical and/or

abstract with significant depth in one or more areas;

contributing to technical solutions of a non-routine or

contingency nature; evaluation and analysis of current

practices and the development of new criteria and

procedures.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in range of contexts, most

of which involve a number of unfamiliar and/or

unpredictable aspects; involve largely non-routine issues

which are addressed using guidelines or procedures

which require interpretation and/or adaptation.


Work involves some leadership and guidance when

organizing activities of self and others

QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IV

Qualification of Application for registration as Registered Master Electrician Examination

• He is a citizen of the Philippines

• He is at least eighteen (18) years of age

• He is of good reputation with high moral values

• He has not been finally convicted by the court of an offensive involving moral turpitude and

• He has any of the following technical backgrounds

1. Has completed at least three (3) years of a five-year Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering (BSEE) program or a three-year course in Electrical Engineering Technology from an engineering school recognized by the Philippine government and in addition, has a subsequent specific record of one (1) year

2. Has graduated from a two-year electrician’s course of instruction from a vocational or trade school recognized by the Philippines government and, in addition, at least two (2) years of apprenticeship after completion of the course of instruction on electrical installation , operation and maintenance of utilization devices and equipment; or

3. Has completed a one-year electrician’s course of instruction from a vocational school recognized by the Philippines government and, in addition, has at least three (3) years of apprenticeship after completion of the course of instruction on electrical installation, operation and maintenance of utilization devices and equipment; or

4. Has completed a four-year high school education or its equivalent and, in addition, has a subsequent specific record of at least five (5) years of apprenticeship in electric wiring, installation, operation and maintenance of utilization devices and equipment.

LEVEL 5 KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS

AND VALUES

Knowledge and skills that are mainly theoretical and/or abstract with significant depth in some areas together with wide-ranging, specialized technical, creative and conceptual skills. Perform work activities demonstrating breadth, depth and complexity in the planning and initiation of alternative approaches to skills and knowledge applications across a broad range of technical and/or management requirements, evaluation and coordination.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are supervisory, complex and non-routine which require an extensive interpretation and/or adaptation/ innovation.


In conditions where there is broad guidance and direction, where judgment is required in planning and selecting appropriate equipment, services and techniques for self and others. Undertake work involving participation in the development of strategic initiatives, as well as personal responsibility and autonomy in performing complex technical operations or organizing others

QUALIFICATION TYPE DIPLOMA


AND VALUES Graduates at this level have broad and coherent knowledge and skills in their field of study for professional work and lifelong learning

APPLICATION Application in professional work or research in a specialized field of discipline and/or for further study


Independent and /or in teams of related field with minimal supervision

QUALIFICATION TYPE Baccalaureate Degree


AND VALUES Graduates at this level have advanced knowledge and skills in specialized or multidisciplinary field of study for professional practice or self-directed research

APPLICATION Applied in professional work that requires leadership and management in a specialized or multidisciplinary professional work, research and/or for further study


Independent and or in teams of multidisciplinary field with very minimal supervision

QUALIFICATION TYPE Post-Baccalaureate Program

LEVEL 8 KNOWLEDGE,

SKILLS & VALUES Graduates at this level have highly advanced systematic knowledge and skills in very specialized or complex multidisciplinary field of learning for multifaceted research or professional practice or for the advancement of learning

APPLICATION Applied in highly specialized or complex multidisciplinary field of professional work, research and/or further study that require management expertise, innovation and leadership


Independent and/or in teams of multi-disciplinary and complex setting

QUALIFICATION TYPE Doctoral Degree and Post-Doctoral Programs

Effect of k-12 in the Electrical Engineering Practice


LEVEL

GRADE 10

GRADE 12



DOCTORAL AND

POST DOCTORAL

BACCALAUREATE

BASIC EDUCATION

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

L7

L8

NC I

NC II

NC IV

NC III

NC IV

DIPLOMA

BACCALAUREATE

POST

BACCALAUREATE

RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING LIFELONG LEARNING

EQUIVALENCY

ASSESSMENT AND CERTIFICATION

WAGE EMPLOYMENT/ENTREPRENEURSHIP/SELF-EMPLOYMENT

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGIST

TECHNICIAN

SKILLED

8-LEVEL QUALIFICATIONS DESCRIPTORS

Defined in terms of 3 domains

1. Knowledge, skills and values

2. Application

3. Degree of independence

LEVEL 1


Knowledge and skills that are manual or concrete or

practical and/or operational in focus.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in a limited range of

highly familiar and predictable contexts; involve

straightforward, routine issues which are addressed

by following set rules, guidelines or procedures.


In conditions where there is very close support,

guidance or supervision; minimum judgment or


QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE I

LEVEL 2


Knowledge and skills that are manual, practical

and/or operational in focus with a variety of options.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in a range of

familiar and predictable contexts; involve routine

issues which are identified and addressed by

selecting from and following a number of set rules,

guidelines or procedures.


In conditions where there is substantial support,

guidance or supervision; limited judgment or


QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE II

Academic Track


Proposed General Academic Strand*



10 Strand 3 Social Science 1

11 Strand 4 Applied Economics

12 Strand 5 Organization and Management

13 Strand 6 Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction



16 Strand 9 Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity



LEVEL 3


Knowledge and skills that are a balance of theoretical

and/or technical and practical.

Work involves understanding the work process,

contributing to problem solving, and making decisions to

determine the process, equipment and materials to be

used.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in contexts with some

unfamiliar or unpredictable aspects; involve routine and

non-routine issues which are identified and addressed by

interpreting and/or applying established guidelines or

procedures with some variations.


Application at this level may involve individual

responsibility or autonomy, and/or may involve some

responsibility for others. Participation in teams including

team or group coordination may be involved.

QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE III

LEVEL 4


Knowledge and skills that are mainly theoretical and/or

abstract with significant depth in one or more areas;

contributing to technical solutions of a non-routine or

contingency nature; evaluation and analysis of current

practices and the development of new criteria and

procedures.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are set in range of contexts, most

of which involve a number of unfamiliar and/or

unpredictable aspects; involve largely non-routine issues

which are addressed using guidelines or procedures

which require interpretation and/or adaptation.


Work involves some leadership and guidance when

organizing activities of self and others

QUALIFICATION TYPE NATIONAL CERTIFICATE IV


AND VALUES

Knowledge and skills that are mainly theoretical and/or abstract with significant depth in some areas together with wide-ranging, specialized technical, creative and conceptual skills. Perform work activities demonstrating breadth, depth and complexity in the planning and initiation of alternative approaches to skills and knowledge applications across a broad range of technical and/or management requirements, evaluation and coordination.

APPLICATION Applied in activities that are supervisory, complex and non-routine which require an extensive interpretation and/or adaptation/ innovation.


In conditions where there is broad guidance and direction, where judgment is required in planning and selecting appropriate equipment, services and techniques for self and others. Undertake work involving participation in the development of strategic initiatives, as well as personal responsibility and autonomy in performing complex technical operations or organizing others

QUALIFICATION TYPE DIPLOMA


AND VALUES Graduates at this level have broad and coherent knowledge and skills in their field of study for professional work and lifelong learning

APPLICATION Application in professional work or research in a specialized field of discipline and/or for further study


Independent and /or in teams of related field with minimal supervision

QUALIFICATION TYPE Baccalaureate Degree

Qualification of Application for registration as Registered Electrical Engineer Examination

• He is a citizen of the Philippines • He is at least twenty-one (21) years of age • He is of good reputation with high moral values • He has not been finally convicted by the court of

an offensive involving moral turpitude and • He is a holder of the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Electrical Engineering (BSEE) from a University, school, college, academy or institute duly constituted, recognized and accredited by the Philippines government.

Qualification of Application for registration as Professional Electrical Engineer

• He is a citizen of the Philippines • He is of good reputation with high moral values • He has not been finally convicted by the court of an

offensive involving moral turpitude • He is a holder of the degree of Bachelor of Science in

Electrical Engineering (BSEE) from a University, school, college, academy or institute duly constituted, recognized and accredited by the Philippines government and

• He is a registered electrical engineer with valid certificate of registration and professional license and with four (4) years or more of active practice reckoned from the date of his registration as a registered electrical engineer.


AND VALUES Graduates at this level have advanced knowledge and skills in specialized or multidisciplinary field of study for professional practice or self-directed research

APPLICATION Applied in professional work that requires leadership and management in a specialized or multidisciplinary professional work, research and/or for further study


Independent and or in teams of multidisciplinary field with very minimal supervision

QUALIFICATION TYPE Post-Baccalaureate Program

LEVEL 8 KNOWLEDGE,

SKILLS & VALUES Graduates at this level have highly advanced systematic knowledge and skills in very specialized or complex multidisciplinary field of learning for multifaceted research or professional practice or for the advancement of learning

APPLICATION Applied in highly specialized or complex multidisciplinary field of professional work, research and/or further study that require management expertise, innovation and leadership


Independent and/or in teams of multi-disciplinary and complex setting

QUALIFICATION TYPE Doctoral Degree and Post-Doctoral Programs

ENGR. LYNDON R. BAGUE

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What is Effect of k-12 in the Electrical Engineering Practice?iiee.org.ph/.../12/...Program-on-Electrical-Engineering-Profession.pdf · fundamentals of electrical engineering that