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What is Cerebral Palsy?
Group of disorders affecting body movement and muscular disorders.
Cerebral Palsy
Why does Cerebral Palsy (CP) occur?
Damage to the brain during pregnancy may cause Cerebral Palsy.
http://www.ofcp.on.ca/aboutcp.html
What are the symptoms of CP?
CP interferes with messages b/n brain and body
Effects vary with individual Mildest: slight awkwardness Severest: Virtually no muscle
control
Brain Damage
Depending on which areas of the brain have been damaged, one or more of the following may occur:
1. Muscle tightness or spasms 2. Involuntary movement 3. Difficulty with "gross motor skills" such
as walking or running 4. Difficulty with "fine motor skills" such as
writing or doing up buttons 5. Difficulty in perception and sensation
Associated Problems
The above effects may cause associated problems such as:
1. Feeding2. Poor bladder control3. Breathing problems4. Pressure sores
Associated Problems cont.
The brain damage may lead to:1. Seizures2. Learning Disabilities3. Developmental Delays
Important to Remember that…
Affected limbs are not paralyzed and can feel pain, heat, cold and pressure
Physical disability is no indication of intellectual disability.
C.P. is not a degenerative condition, damage to the brain is a one time occurrence so it will not get worse.
Important to remember that…
People with C.P. have a normal life span.
Is not progressive, the effects of CP may change over time: Some may improve Some may get worse
Medically it is important to remember…
1. Is not contagious2. Is not hereditary3. Is not life threatening
Types of C.P.
Classified by the number of limbs involved:
1. Quadriplegia2. Diplegia3. Hemiplegia4. Triplegia5. Monoplegia
Classification by Movement Disorders
Spastic: Muscles are tight and stiff Athetoid: Involuntary movements,
constantly in motion Ataxic: Least common form.
Disturbed sense of balance.
Spastic
Most common type, occurs 70-80% of all cases.
Spastic Hemiplegia Spastic Diplegia Spastic Quadriplegia
Spastic Hemiplegia
One side is affected Injury to left side of brain affects
right side of body and vice versa.
Spastic Diplegia
Lower extremities are affected Most people with Spastic Diplegia
eventually walk. Toe walking and flexed knees are
common. Hip dislocations and crossed eyes
are common Often nearsighted Intelligence is unaffected
Spastic Quadriplegia
Whole body affected Often have hemiparetic tremors
(shaking that affects the limbs on one side of the body)
Often have fluid buildup Tubes are usually inserted into body
to drain excess fluids
Athetoid
Mixed muscle tone Trouble holding themselves in an
upright position. Takes a lot of concentration to get
hand to certain spot eg. Touching nose
Ataxic
Least common type of C.P. Some individuals have tremors. Motor skills are affected Common to have visual and/or
auditory problems.
Living with Cerebral Palsy
Coping with Disabilities and Handicaps
Is not life threatening
Treatment of C.P.
No cure The earlier the treatment the better Treatments may include one or
more of the following: Physical therapy, occupational therapy,
speech therapy, drugs to control seizures, alleviate pain, or relax muscle spasms, braces on feet, standing frame
Physical Therapy Treatment
Designed to encourage the patient to build strength.
Life long physical therapy is necessary to build muscle tone
Occupational Therapy
Helps adults maximize their function in an attempt to live as independently as possible
Orthotic are often prescribed
Speech Therapy
Helps to control the muscles of the mouth and the jaw This affects not only speech but also
breathing, biting, chew and swallowing. Starts before child begins school
Chord Therapy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PT4ydxomnQ0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYS3_qSTvso&feature=related