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art 370
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1)WhatisArticle370?
Article370oftheIndianConstitutionisa'temporaryprovision'whichgrantsspecialautonomousstatustoJammu&Kashmir.UnderPartXXIoftheConstitutionofIndia,whichdealswith"Temporary,TransitionalandSpecialprovisions",thestateofJammu&KashmirhasbeenaccordedspecialstatusunderArticle370.AlltheprovisionsoftheConstitutionwhichareapplicabletootherstatesarenotapplicabletoJ&K.Forexample,till1965,J&KhadaSadreRiyasatforgovernorandprimeministerinplaceofchiefminister.
2)HistoryofArticle370
Theprovisionwasdraftedin1947bySheikhAbdullah,whohadbythenbeenappointedprimeministerofJammu&KashmirbyMaharajaHariSinghandJawaharLalNehru.SheikhAbdullahhadarguedthatArticle370shouldnotbeplacedundertemporaryprovisionsoftheConstitution.Hewanted'ironcladautonomy'forthestate,whichCentredidn'tcomplywith.
3)ProvisionsofArticle370
Accordingtothisarticle,exceptfordefence,foreignaffairs,financeandcommunications,Parliamentneedsthestategovernment'sconcurrenceforapplyingallotherlaws.Thusthestate'sresidentsliveunderaseparatesetoflaws,includingthoserelatedtocitizenship,ownershipofproperty,andfundamentalrights,ascomparedtootherIndians.Asaresultofthisprovision,IndiancitizensfromotherstatescannotpurchaselandorpropertyinJammu&Kashmir.UnderArticle370,theCentrehasnopowertodeclarefinancialemergencyunderArticle360inthestate.Itcandeclareemergencyinthestateonlyincaseofwarorexternalaggression.TheUniongovernmentcanthereforenotdeclareemergencyongroundsofinternaldisturbanceorimminentdangerunlessitismadeattherequestorwiththeconcurrenceofthestategovernment.