What happens when you take a drink?

How this works.Matching words will be in bold.Multiple choice topics will be in ALL

CAPS.Short answer will be underlined.Health concerns will be in ALL THREE.

A word in () has or is an abbreviation.

The process of relieving yourself. Functions:

keeps proper amount of (water) in body.

To remove waste products from blood.

Excretes waste through urine.

PARTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM: 2 kidneys 2 ureters Bladder urethra

I get by with a little help from my friends.Starts with digestion system.

Your body takes nutrients from food into the mouth and it goes into the blood stream to be delivered to all parts of the body.

After your body has taken what it needs from the food, waste products are left behind in the blood and in the bowel.

The Lungs, skin, and intestine will also excrete waste to keep the body balanced in water and chemicals.

Adults eliminate about a quart and a half of urine each day. The urinary system removes a type of waste called urea from your

blood. Urea is produced when foods containing protein, such as meat,

poultry, and certain vegetables, are broken down in the body. Urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys.

Kidneys (getting the party started) Blood enters the kidney through the

renal artery and leaves through the renal vein and it does this at a constant rate (1700 QUARTS A DAY)

Made of 3 parts:1. Cortex: outer protective portion2. Medulla: inner soft portion3. Hilum (Renal Pelvis): middle of

concave side, where blood vessels, nerves, and ureters enter and leave.

PYELONEPHRITIS affects the renal pelvis (about the same spot as the Hilum).

RENAL CALCULUS – imagine those little suckers scraping down the whole way out.

Now lets shrink.

1

2

3

This structure rhymes with Zack Efron.“Where the magic

happens” Filtration Urine formation

You have enough nephrons (over 1 million) in 1 kidney to live a normal life.

Blood from the renal artery moves into a group of capillaries called the glomerulus's (next slide).

Now lets shrink and get on the waste train.

Glomerulus'sCapillary ball1st spot to form urine and

filtration.H2O, sugar, salts, urea pass

into Bowman’s capsule (next slide) if not needed in the body.

If the body needs the nutrients still, blood will go through the glomerulus's and continue out of the kidney in the renal vein.

Don’t feel bad that some nutrients weren’t taken out, there will be plenty more chances.

Bowman’s Capsule Surrounds each glomerulus

and “soaks up” any nutrients that the blood gave away.

Any proteins under roughly 30 kilodaltons can pass freely through the membrane.

Any small molecules such as water, glucose, salt, amino acids, and urea pass freely into Bowman's space, but cells, platelets, and large proteins do not.

As a result, the filtrate leaving the Bowman's capsule is very similar to blood plasma in composition as it passes into the proximal convoluted tubule.

Renal Tubule Nutrients leave Bowman’s capsule in this

“twisting, turning” tube. Surrounded by capillaries all around.

As nutrients pass through tubule, the capillaries can still pull things out that the body needs.

Vice versa, the capillaries can still push into the tubule nutrients it doesn’t need As nutrients are reabsorbed, the

urine will contain nutrients and uric acid.

Different parts: PCT – regulates the pH by

exchanging hydrogen ions, it is responsible for secreting organic acids, such as creatinine

Loop of Henle – creates a positive sodium gradient so that more water will be pulled out of the blood.

DCT –regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH.

Urine travels through tubule to a collecting duct and then to the renal pelvis (next slide).

Renal Pelvis Urine collects here from the

tubule. Chills until taken out by the

ureter (next slide). PYELONEPHRITIS is

inflammation of the renal pelvis. Urination problems:

Blood in the urine Cloudy or abnormal urine

color Foul or strong urine odor Increased urinary

frequency or urgency Need to urinate at night

(nocturia) Painful urination

UretersJust a tube: no real purpose, connects kidney to bladder.

6-7 inches longSmooth muscle moves urineLike peristalsis.

Bladder Muscular pouch of smooth muscle. Holds up to 1 ½ - 2 cups of urine until ready

to be voided. When bladder fills, nerves are stimulated,

which gives you the sensation to urinate. Epic battle between good (yourself) and evil

(bladder). Your bladder wants to void itself so it

contracts and opens the internal sphincter (involuntary).

If you are unprepared, you do not want this to happen (URINARY INCONTINENCE).

You “hold” the voiding process by “clinching” your external sphincter (voluntary). When prepared, you relax and are

ready to void. Pressure could eventually break your

will power and your sphincter. WHAT IS IT CALLED TO “LOOK” AT THE

BLADDER WITH A CAMERA?

UrethraJust a tube.Nothing fancy.Smooth muscleMales: 8

INCHES LONG.Females: 1.5

INCHES LONG