Upload
elaine-short
View
215
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
What does it What does it mean to be mean to be alive????alive????
CHARACTERISTICS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFELIFE
REQUIRE ENERGYREQUIRE ENERGY CAN REPRODUCECAN REPRODUCE GROW AND DEVELOPGROW AND DEVELOP MADE OF CELLSMADE OF CELLS HAVE LEVELS OF HAVE LEVELS OF
ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION RESPOND TO THEIR RESPOND TO THEIR
ENVIRONMENT – MAINTAIN ENVIRONMENT – MAINTAIN SOME LEVEL OF HOMEOSTASISSOME LEVEL OF HOMEOSTASIS
HIERARCHY OF LIFEHIERARCHY OF LIFE
LEVELSLEVELS OF STUDY OF STUDY
1. BIOSPHERE:1. BIOSPHERE: ALL LIFE ON THIS ALL LIFE ON THIS
PLANETPLANET From several km in From several km in the atmosphere to the atmosphere to several km into the several km into the
groundground
2. BIOME:2. BIOME:A geographic area A geographic area characterized by characterized by
particular life forms and particular life forms and a particular climate.a particular climate.
Examples: Tundra, taiga Examples: Tundra, taiga (pine forest), deciduous (pine forest), deciduous forest, rainforest, desert, forest, rainforest, desert,
grasslands-prairie.grasslands-prairie.
3. ECOSYSTEM3. ECOSYSTEM::Abiotic and biotic Abiotic and biotic
factors in a particular factors in a particular area interactingarea interacting
4. COMMUNITY4. COMMUNITY::All living beings in an All living beings in an
area – all the area – all the populations in one populations in one
areaarea
5. POPULATION5. POPULATION::All the members of the All the members of the same species living in same species living in the same area at the the same area at the same historical time same historical time
periodperiod
6. SPECIES6. SPECIES::Group of similar Group of similar
organisms that can organisms that can interbreed and interbreed and produce fertile produce fertile
offspringoffspring..
Are a Poodle and a German Shepherd Are a Poodle and a German Shepherd the same species?the same species?
YES – they can mate and produce a muttYES – they can mate and produce a mutt Are a horse and zebra the same species?Are a horse and zebra the same species? NO – no offspring (children)NO – no offspring (children) Are a horse, a donkey, or a mule the Are a horse, a donkey, or a mule the
same species? same species? NO – a female horse and a male donkey NO – a female horse and a male donkey
can mate and produce a mule BUT the can mate and produce a mule BUT the mule is sterile (it can’t produce children mule is sterile (it can’t produce children itself).itself). Note a male horse and a female donkey Note a male horse and a female donkey produce a hinny.produce a hinny.
7. INDIVIDUAL 7. INDIVIDUAL ORGANISMSORGANISMS
8. SYSTEMS8. SYSTEMS
9. ORGANS9. ORGANS
10. TISSUE10. TISSUE
11. CELL11. CELL::The basic The basic
structural and structural and functional unit of functional unit of
lifelife
12. ORGANELLES12. ORGANELLES::Specialized cell Specialized cell
partsparts Examples include Examples include the mitochondria, the mitochondria,
endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, vacuoles, Golgi ribosomes, vacuoles, Golgi bodies, centrioles , etc….bodies, centrioles , etc….
13. 13. BIOMOLECULESBIOMOLECULES::“Life” Molecules. “Life” Molecules.
Molecules Molecules (chemicals) found in (chemicals) found in living organisms.living organisms.
4 Types of 4 Types of BiomoleculesBiomolecules
ProteinsProteins (made of amino acids) (made of amino acids)CarbohydratesCarbohydrates (used for ready (used for ready
energyenergyLipidsLipids (fats – used for stored (fats – used for stored
energy)energy)Nucleic AcidsNucleic Acids (DNA & RNA) … (DNA & RNA) …
the blueprints of lifethe blueprints of life
OTHER LEVELSOTHER LEVELS14. MOLECULES AND 14. MOLECULES AND
ATOMSATOMS15. SUBATOMIC 15. SUBATOMIC
PARTICLES (Proton, PARTICLES (Proton, Neutron, Electrons)Neutron, Electrons)
16. Quarks, Leptons, 16. Quarks, Leptons, Hadrons, Bosons, etc..Hadrons, Bosons, etc..