DNA Review

DNA Review

What does DNA stand for?Deoxyribonucleic Acid_______ is the enzyme that chemically links Okazaki fragments togetherDNA LigaseWhat is located at the BOTTOM of a tRNA molecule?Anti-codon sequenceWhere in the cell is DNA found?NucleusScientifically, describe the shape of the DNA molecule.Double HelixWhat is a benefit of semiconservative DNA replication?Helps reduce the number of copying errorsWhy is transcription important?Gets the DNA code out of the NUCLEUS!What is located at the top of tRNA?Amino acid

What are the 2 types of purines?Adenine, GuanineWhat is the complement to this side of a DNA molecule?:TGGACTAACCTGATHow many pairs of chromosomes does a human have in their body cells?23How many hydrogen bonds are found between A-T?2Where can mRNA be found?Nucleus, cytoplasm, ribosomeA segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called a ______GeneWhat are the 3 parts of the DNA molecule?Phosphate groupDeoxyribose SugarNitrogen Base______is the DNA strand that is discontinuously built into small Okazaki fragments during replicationLagging StrandWhat sugar is present in RNA?riboseWhat type of replication occurs when DNA replicates?Semiconservative Replication______________ are short segment of DNA synthesized discontinuously in small segments in the 3-5 direction by DNA polymerase.Okazaki FragmentsWhat nitrogen bases are present in RNA?A, U, C, GWhat is chromatin?Uncoiled DNAWhat type of bond holds together the nitrogen bases?HydrogenWhat scientists are credited with the base-pairing rules?Watson & Crick

DNA that is coiled would be called?ChromosomeWhen does the DNA replicate?Cell division/Interphase (before mitosis)In what direction can DNA synthesis only occur? 5-3How many hydrogen bonds are found between C-G?3Going from mRNA to a protein is called _______.TranslationDuring DNA replication, what causes the hydrogen bonds to break?An Enzyme (DNA Helicase)What is the tRNA complement to this mRNA?:AUGCAUUACGUAWhat is located at bottom of tRNA?Anti-codons

Who discovered DNA in 1928?Frank GriffithWhat polymer makes up or hair color, bone length, etc..?ProteinWhat is the shape of mRNA?Single helixWhat are the 2 types of pyrimidines?Thymine, CytosineWhat is the function of tRNA?tRNA anticodons bond w/ mRNA codons to insure the correct order of amino acids_______ is the enzyme runs along the parent chain of DNA and bonds free floating nucleotides to those of the parent (original) chain-- based on base pairing rulesDNA PolymeraseWhat sugar is present in DNA?DeoxyriboseWhat does RNA stand for?Ribonucleic AcidHow many strands of mRNA are transcribed from the two unzipped strands of DNA?1What nitrogen bases are present in DNA?A, T, C, GHow is the accuracy of the DNA code assured?Base-pairing rules_________ is the DNA strand that is continuously built by the addition of nucleotides to the 3 end during replicationLeading StrandGoing from DNA to mRNA is called _________.TranscriptionWhat is the mRNA complement to this side of a DNA molecule:AACGTATUUGCAUAHow does the mRNA get out of the nucleus?Nuclear poreIdentify this molecule.DNA

What is located at the TOP of a tRNA molecule?Amino acidsWhere does translation occur?RibosomeWhat is the function of mRNA?To get the DNA code out of the nucleusWhat are proteins made up of?Amino acidsWhere must the mRNA attach before protein production can begin?RibosomeWhere does transcription occur?NucleusIdentify this molecule.tRNA

How many nitrogen bases make up a mRNA codon?3What type of bond is formed between amino acids during translation?Peptide bondIdentify this molecule.mRNA

What is the function of rRNA?Creates peptide bonds between the amino acids