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12/13/2012
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Why a Colloquium? - To address rising ecological challenges, we believe industry must collaborate with its communities and researchers on solutions.
Curtis Mahoney, General Manager, Portlands Energy Centre
Case Study Presentations from November 29, 2012 Event
What do North America’s Sustainable Power Plants Look Like Today?
Innovative Water Solutions at Mountainview Power Plant, Dr. Jack Sahl, Director, Environment and Resource Sustainability, Operations Business Unit, Southern California Edison (SCE), Rosemead
Fish & Wildlife Mitigation Programs at Bonneville Power, Mr. Jason Sweet, Manager, Fish and Wildlife Policy and Planning, Bonneville Power Administration, Portland, Oregon
Ecosystem Restoration at the Portlands Energy Centre (PEC), Mr. Curtis Mahoney, General Manager, PEC
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Innovative Water Solutions at Mountainview Power Plant
Jack Sahl, Ph.D.
Director
Environment and Resource Sustainability
Southern California Edison
November 29, 2012
Strengthening Sustainable Power Plants and Their Communities Portlands Energy Center
Ryerson University, Oakham House
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CALIFORNIA UTILITIES: CREATING SUSTAINED VALUE
Our goal is to safely deliver clean, reliable and affordable energy to our customers. Today …. And for our future.
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Protect employee and public health & safety Advance energy efficiency Use clean energy Reduce GHG and air emissions Smart Grid Energy reliability & security Water conservation Clean transport & transportation Material conservation & efficiency Green chemistry & replacement Material reuse & recycling Universal & hazardous waste management Habitat protection & biodiversity Restore historic sites Diverse supply chain Attract, retain & inspire great employees Support our communities
Material Aspects of Operations Initiatives
Valu
e
Employee & Public Safety Energy Reliability & Security Affordability & Shareholder Value Clean & Efficient Operations Supporting Strong Communities
CA State Water Resources Control Board
Resolution 75-58 & Water Code Sections 237 and 13550
• “…policy to protect beneficial uses of State’s water resources and keep consumptive
use of freshwater for power plant cooling to that minimally essential…”
• “loss of inland waters through evaporation in power plant cooling may be considered an unreasonable use of inland waters…
• “use of effluent for industrial purposes, especially for cooling…”
• “…include a term in all permits and licenses for appropriation of water for use in power plant cooling that requires …on-going studies of economic desirability and economic feasibility of changing facility operations to minimize the use of fresh inland waters.”
Fresh water is defined as “suitable for use as a source of domestic, municipal or agricultural water supply…”
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Mountainview Power Plant Site
MVGS is a Unique Water-Cooler Power Plant
Adjudicated Water Rights (1969)
CEC permit for 7,500 acft/year mid-aquiferہ
CEC permit for 750 acft/year deep aquiferہ
50-50 Blend of Cooling Water Make-up (per CEC)
Tertiary-treated municipal effluent (City of Redlands)ہ
Non-potable groundwater (Perchlorate)ہ
Near-zero Wastewater Discharge
of wastewater is recovered and reused %85ہ
Brine discharge is sent via the Inland Empireہ
Brine Line (IEBL) to Pacific Ocean.
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Water Treatment & Recovery MVGS Design Basis (Full Load, 82F DB, 63F WB)
Reclaimed Water 2,297 gpm
Groundwater 2,297 gpm
112,277 gpm to/from Unit 3 or 4
Condensers
Evaporation Loss 4,416 gpm
Side
str
eam
27 TPD Dewatered Solids to Landfill
Wastewater to IEBL 169 gpm (0.432 MGD Max )
Cooling Tower Return
Total Treated for Plant Reuse 1,625 gpm
Water Plant
Total Make-up 4,594 gpm
Cooling Tower Blow Down 1,798 gpm
High Efficiency Reverse Osmosis (HERO)
Permeate to Cooling Towers
Reject to IEBL
Permeate for Filter Back Wash & WAC Regen
Degasifier Weak-Acid Cation Exchangers (WACs)
Vent
Air
Reactor-Clarifier Package Gravity Filters
Cooling Tower Blow Down
and Water Plant Backwash
Sludge to Thickening & Dewatering
Return to Cooling Towers
Simplified Waste Water Treatment & Recovery Process MVGS
The waste water treatment plant at MVGS recovers up to 85% of the water that would normally be disposed of.
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Pacific Ocean
Brine
Discharged
Here
Dry-Cooling Alternative?
Using dry-cooling in place of wet cooling would have the following adverse affects on MVGS.....
ہ Decreased power output – 14 MW per 1” HgA vacuum loss Loss estimated of 46 MW using GTPro
ہ Increased fuel use – 103 BTU/kWh per 1” HgA vacuum loss Estimated heat rate increase of 288 BTU/kWh Additional 304 MMBTU/hr @ $3/MMBTU = $8MM/yr Increased emissions (CO2, PM, NH3 use) per MWh
ہ Net Auxiliary load increase of 8 MW ہ Additional maintenance (fans and motors)
ہ Substantial capital costs (circa $49MM installed) ہ Approx. 6 acres of land use for air-cooling equipment
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Fish & Wildlife Mitigation Programs at Bonneville Power- An All-H strategy to mitigate for the effects of the Federal
Columbia River Power System
Portlands Energy Centre’s Colloquium November 29, 2012 Jason Sweet, Manager, Fish and Wildlife Policy and Planning
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Presentation Overview
Background on the Bonneville Power Administration
Overview of BPA’s Fish and Wildlife Program
Examples from an “All-H” Mitigation Program
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Bonneville Power Administration A Federal Agency
• Congress created BPA in 1937 to market and transmit the power produced by Bonneville Dam. • The Federal Columbia River Transmission Act of 1974 gave BPA self-financing authority, and extended its
marketing authority to include nearly all electric power generated by federal facilities in the PNW • The 1980 Northwest Power Act further expanded BPA’s authority to protect fish and wildlife in the basin and to
meet load requirements of requesting PNW utilities • This generation and transmission network is known as the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS).
Functions
• Cover all costs through electricity rates • Market generation of the FCRPS • Meet the load of any requesting PNW utility • Operate and maintain PNW high voltage transmission system
Responsibilities • Assure an adequate, economical, efficient and reliable power supply for the PNW • Ensure transmission access, public preference and regional preference to customers • Fulfill environmental and social obligations, such as protection and enhancement of fish and wildlife
Statistics
• About half of the region’s firm energy comes from hydro, most of which is FCRPS hydro • BPA markets electricity to 130 public utilities and direct service industries in the PNW – over 11 million people
are affected • In total, BPA serves about half of PNW electricity loads
The Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS)
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The FCRPS
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The FCRPS includes 31 hydroelectric projects with 209 turbine-generating units. (21 COE/10 BOR).
Over 22,000 MW of nameplate capacity and about 9,000 aMW of energy production with average water.
Ninety-four percent (94%) of the FCRPS generating capacity is in 12 projects.
Seventy-five percent (75%) of BPA power comes from hydro.
Sixty-five percent (56%) of the region’s power comes from hydro.
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Pacific NW Generation Mix
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BPA’s Fish and Wildlife Mitigation Program
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Endangered and Threatened Focal Species
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Oregon
Idaho
Washington
John Day
The Dalles
McNary
Chief Joseph
Hungry Horse
Ice Harbor
Lower Monumental
Little Goose
Lower Granite
Dworshak
Montana
Libby Albeni Falls
Grand Coulee
Bonneville
Hells Canyon
Oxbow
Brownlee
Chum Salmon Chinook Salmon Steelhead Sockeye Salmon White Sturgeon Bull Trout
Priest Rapids
Wanapum
Rock Island
Rocky Reach
Wells
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Who we are:
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Environment, Fish and Wildlife, Bonneville Power Administration
We implement fish and wildlife, pollution planning and abatement, cultural resources, and environmental analysis actions (e.g., for transmission lines and wind interconnection) across four states: Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana
We have three divisions and approximately 114 Federal FTE: Fish & Wildlife – 64 FTE Pollution Prevention and Abatement – 25 FTE
• Environmental Planning and Analysis – 25 FTE
What We Do:
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Advise operators of the federal dams:
BPA/COE/Bureau on scientifically based,
cost-effective strategies that mitigate for FCRPS
(hydro) impacts on fish and wildlife
Ensure ratepayer public benefits:
Negotiate and manage mitigation work to achieve
best environmental result and dollar value from funds
provided by electricity wholesale power rates
Collaborate with others involved in F&W efforts:
Power Council, Tribes, Fish & Wildlife Managers,
Customers, Environmental Groups and other parties
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Columbia Basin Fish & Wildlife Legal Drivers
1980 Northwest Power Act
“The Administrator shall use the Bonneville
Power Administration Fund to protect, mitigate,
and enhance fish and wildlife to the extent
affected by development and operation of any
hydroelectric project of the Columbia River and its tributaries.”
Endangered Species Act,
1995, 2000 and 2004
Biological Opinions
“Each Federal agency shall….insure that any
action authorized funded, or carried out by such agency is not likely to
jeopardize continued existence…of any
endangered species or threatened species…”
Non-Listed FISH and WILDLIFE
Treaty and Non-Treaty Tribal Policy
BPA will consult with the Tribal governments prior to BPA taking actions,
making decisions, or implementing programs that may affect Tribal
resources.
Listed ANADROMOUS
FISH RESIDENT
FISH WILDLIFE
All H Approach: River–Ocean–River
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HYDRO
OCEAN
FRESH WATER HABITAT
Smolt
Adult
Eggs
HATCHERIES National Marine Fisheries Service
US Fish & Wildlife Service
States
Tribes
Bonneville
Lower
Granite
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Current All-H Strategies Hydro System Improve survival of juvenile salmonids migrating downstream past Federal dams in the lower
Columbia and Snake Rivers to achieve 96/93% survival. Manage water releases to improve juvenile and adult fish migration. (water quality and speed) Transport juvenile fish to improve survival and “spread the risk.” Hatcheries (anadromous) Supplement wild spawning stocks. Rear juvenile salmon in a hatchery environment and then
release from acclimation ponds to imprint on high quality spawning habitat. Operate safety net hatcheries when natural production declines. Reduce potentially harmful direct or indirect effects. Habitat Improve tributary and estuary habitat used by salmon and steelhead. This includes fencing of grazing areas, screening of irrigation diversions, construction and/or
replacement of culverts to reestablish access to previously blocked or underutilized habitat, restoration of degraded and channelized rivers, reintroduction of large woody debris, reestablishment of flood plain connectivity, permanent preservation of currently high quality habitat.
Harvest Help develop harvest techniques to reduce incidental effects on non-target fish. Predator Management Manage avian, fish and marine mammal predation to reduce the number of fish consumed. 13
Two Types of Dam Passage Improvements
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Surface Passage Weirs Physical Guidance - Spillwall
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Hydro: Fish passage improvements make spill more effective
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• 2012 In-River Survival estimates of Snake River Chinook salmon and steelhead was the highest in the past 15 years
85 percent
87 percent
Survival per 100 river miles
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Snake River juveniles Survival through dams can be as high as undammed Salmon/Snake
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Improving returns, restoring habitat
Irrigation diversions left two miles of Oregon’s Lostine River dry, blocking salmon from 11 miles of spawning stream in August and September. Photo from 2001.
Water leases and irrigation efficiency improvements starting in 2008 and continuing now returned water to the river. In 2010 more than 3,700 threatened Snake River spring Chinook returned, the most since the Nez Perce Tribe began surveys in 1986 and up from just 13 in 1999.
Snake River sockeye have gone from near extinction to a 50-year high. Wild Snake River fall chinook are consistently exceeding delisting levels. More than 1,000 miles of spawning streams reopened, more than 100 miles and 5,000 acres of stream channel restored, and
more than 230,000 acre feet of water provided. More than 1,500 acres of estuary habitat restored and protected and over 30 miles of estuary riparian improvements.
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Anadromous Fish Hatcheries • Includes 75 programs in
32 hatcheries • Safety-net and
conservation hatcheries prevent short-term extinction
• RPA actions for hatchery reform
• Action Agencies also fund 8 resident fish hatcheries
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Selective Harvest Technique Development
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Selective harvest techniques remove hatchery fish and allow natural origin fish to continue their migration to the spawning grounds
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Predation Management Additional efforts to reduce juvenile and adult losses from predation: • Sea Lions • Northern Pikeminnow • Avian (Caspian Terns, Double-crested Cormorants)
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Total Annual Average Cost of BPA Fish & Wildlife Actions
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Percentage of Spending Categories Allocated to F&W
FY 2012-2013 BP-12 Final
Proposal ($ in Millions)
1/ FY 2014-2015 data is based on the proposed IPR spending levels.
2/ Hydro operations effects will be determined in the BP-14 rate case.
Total $
FY 2010-2011 Actual
($ in Millions)
Depreciation & Interest on COE / Reclamation / USF&WS Capital F&W Investments (based on Plant in Service)
Depreciation & Interest on BPA Direct Program Capital F&W Investments
UNSLICED Annual Average Hydro Operations Effects (Power Purchases & Foregone Revenues)
Integrated Program
NWPCC – Annual Average
US Fish & Wildlife Service – Annual Average Lower Snake Compensation Plan
Corps of Engineers O&M – Annual Average
Reclamation O&M – Annual Average
2395
29435
280143746
2105
24385
318125726
2575
31456
TBD 2/
163456
FY 2014-2015 Forecast
($ in Millions)
100%
100%
50%
20%
4%
BPA Fish and Wildlife Expense Budgets 2000-2015
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$0.0
$50.0
$100.0
$150.0
$200.0
$250.0
$300.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Bud
get (
in m
illio
ns)
Year
Increase
Budget
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Results from Survival studies at Columbia and Snake River Dams-Spring Chinook Salmon
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Results from Survival studies at Columbia and Snake River Dams- Steelhead
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Abundance Trends of Wild Columbia Basin Salmon and Steelhead
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Jason Sweet, Manager, Fish and Wildlife Policy and Planning [email protected]
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Wind Generation Connected to BPA
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Ecosystem Restoration at the Portlands Energy Centre (PEC)
Curtis Mahoney, General Manager
Introduction
We want to share our exciting path toward being a world class model of ecological sustainability.
In 2011, PEC began implementing an ecological sustainability strategy to improve its ecological footprint, provide benefit across the Port Lands, including local community and Tommy Thomson Park
Ecological Sustainability Committee developed our ecological strategy and inform its ongoing progress
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What do we mean when we refer to Ecological Sustainability?
The capacity of ecosystems to maintain their essential function and processes, and retain their biodiversity in full measure over the long-term.
Overview – PEC’s Ecological Sustainable Strategy
Five overall goals identified:
1) Highlight PEC’s current ecological sustainability activities
2) Undertake site-related demonstration projects on ecological sustainability
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Overview – PEC Ecological Sustainable Strategy
3) Make constant environmental performance improvement in plant operations
4) Share information on ecosystem sustainability and learning from others
5) Lead community dialogue on ecological sustainability
Where we started:
On a former industrial brownfield site
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Our natural setting evokes an aquatic and terrestrial environment returning to nature
Our Principles PEC will:
1. Continue to produce efficient and clean electricity using natural gas as a fuel source.
2. Continually strive to minimize our ecological footprint.
3. Show innovation in terms of ecological sustainability.
4. Share advances in sustainability with the wider community including: local community, academic community and other power plants around the world.
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Our Ecological Vision:
To respect our environment by ensuring that we create a positive impact on land, air and water, for Life.
What are our ecological programs now?
On Land… • Demonstration project to profile
Pit & Mound restoration
• Planting 3,000 indigenous trees & shrubs to minimize ecological & atmospheric footprint
• Creating & maintaining a new ecosystem and habitat to allow native and migratory wildlife to prosper
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What are our ecological programs now?
On Land… • Caring for six large honey bee
hives to pollinate 21 hectares of land around plant
• Role within wider Port Lands area on ecosystem health
• Positive effect on fruit, vegetables, flowers and seed crops in the area
What are our ecological programs now?
In Air…. • Regularly monitors air emissions, which
consistently meet or do better than Ministry of Environment requirements (PEC’s natural gas does not originate from fracking)
• Working with South Riverdale Air Quality Study data, being developed by Toronto Environmental Office, Toronto Public Health and Golder Consultants
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What are our ecological programs now?
In Air…. • Sponsoring University of Guelph capstone project
to develop framework for a Greenhouse Gas inventory to quantify PEC’s carbon footprint
• Supports Toronto Atmospheric Fund (TAF)
• Creating habitat for native and migratory avian wildlife, including landscape developments to create additional habitat and nesting boxes for Chimney Swifts
What are our ecological programs now?
In Water • Working with City of Toronto and Ministry of
Environment to reduce E. coli in water from city sources (usually enters turning basin untreated – impacting harbour and Cherry Beach)
• Monitoring water quality & E. coli annually (with EcoMetrix Corporation) - 3-year extensive analysis of E. coli and development of Mitigation plan
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What are our ecological programs now?
In Water • Water intake design
minimizes risk to fish • Zebra mussel program and
careful chlorination
• Collaboration with academics to address aquatic challenges
Some Early Success Measures: The Return of….
Great White Egret Black Crowned Night Heron
Northern Leopard Frog
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…With Challenges:
1. How do we enhance water quality and aquatic life in the ship channel and turning basin?
2. What should be our long-term strategy for ecological restoration of dry land, primarily comprised of gravel?
• Should we plant natural or naturalized species?
With Challenges: 3. How can we best continue to transform this industrial
brownfield and create a compelling habitat for native and migratory wild life, aquatic and avian life?
4. How should we reach out to our community, learn about its socioeconomic concerns and mutually collaborate to improve each other’s footprint?
5. Are there other options for ecological sustainability?
Please share any comments or ideas!
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Questions or Comments? Email: [email protected]
(or [email protected])
www.portlandsenergycentre.com
Twitter: @portlandsenergy
www.sustainablepowerplants.com
