What Do Muslims Believe?

Mr. OrnsteinWillow Canyon High School

World Cultures

What Does Islam Mean?

•Islam Means “Submission” •Followers of Islam are called

Muslims•1 Billion Muslims in the World•Fastest Growing Religion in

the World.

Islam, Christianity, and Judaism

•All Three Religions started in the ____ _____.

•_____ is a holy city for all three.

•Are all _______ religions believing in one god.

Allah

•Allah is the single god of Islam.

•Islam is Monotheistic

Who Was Muhammad?

• Final Prophet/Founder of Islam• Born in Mecca 570• At Age 40 Starts Preaching

Monotheism and Spreading the Word of Allah

• Kicked out of Mecca and flees to Media

Hegira 622

• Muhammad’s Flight to Medina

• Mecca and Medina are Holy Cities for Islam.

• What is the 3rd Holy City for Islam?

Qur’an

•Holy Book for Muslims•Revelations of Muhammad

Ask???

•What books are the Qur’an similar to?

Ask

•What does a pillar do?

5 Pillars of Islam

• 5 Beliefs that Support the Religion and Culture of Islam

• 5 Obligations all Muslims Must Uphold

• Shahada• Salat• Zakat• Sawm• Hajj

Shahada/Faith

•Monotheism•Faith in the One God Allah

Salat/Prayer

•Pray 5x A Day•Must Face Direction of

Mecca

Zakat/Alms

•Give to charity•Generally 2.5%

Sawm/Fasting

•Muslims must fast during the day during the whole month of Ramadan

•Similar to Lent and Yom Kippur

Hajj

•All Muslims must visit Mecca At Least Once in their Life

Ask???

•Which Pillar do you think is most important?

•Why?

Mosque

•A Mosque is where a Muslim Worships.

•Like a Church•How many times a day does a

Muslim pray?

Jihad

•a holy war undertaken as a sacred duty by Muslims.

Caliph

•Successor to Muhammad.•Dispute within Islam over the

Caliph

2 Branches of Islam

•Split in Islam Between Sunnis and Shia

•Shia Muslims Believe Islamic Leader must be related to Muhammad

•Sunnis Believe Leader Chosen by Consensus

•90% are Sunnis

Iraq

•Much of the Violence in Iraq today is between Sunnis and Shia Muslims

Dar al-Islam

•Unifying Cultural and Economic Force Within Islam

•A country following must provide peace and security to Muslims

•Way to Keep Islamic in non-Muslim or non-religious countries

Answer

•______ is the final prophet of Islam.

•There are _____ Pillars of Islam.•____ and _____ are the two

branches of Islam.•_____ is the holy book of Islam.

The Spread of Islam

•Islam starts in Mecca on the Arabian Peninsula

•Spreads All Over Middle East•By the 720’s Islam Spreads

to North Africa and Europe•Ultimately Spreads to

Central Asia and South Asia

Islam Today

•1 Billion Followers•Dominate Religion of 52 Countries

What is a Golden Age?

•High Point of a Civilization•Time Period of Achievements

in Arts and Science, Economic Prosperity, and Relative Peace.

•NOTHING TO DO WITH ACTUAL GOLD!!!

Golden Age of Islam

• Around same time as Chinese and Indian Golden Age. Civilizations Had Contact Along the Silk Road.

• 9th-14th Century• Europe is Going Through Dark

Ages of Low Point of Civilization While Islamic World is at High Point.

Achievements of Islamic Golden Age

• Math• Arabic Numerals• Concept of Zero• Algebra• Geometry• Preservation of Greek

Learning• Early Hospitals• Medical Manuals• Geography and maps

• Art• Architecture• Calligraphy• Mosaics• Literature• Poetry• Music• Science• Navigation• Astronomy

Conclusion

•Islam is a way of life that affects daily activities, diet, dress, social customs, education, and art.

Answer:

• List 3 achievem