Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
What Constitutes Effective Intervention for Probationers?
What Constitutes Effective Intervention for Probationers?
Probation officers are the most important contacts for youth involved in the
juvenile justice system!
Give yourselves a pat on the back now…
Probation officers are the most important contacts for youth involved in the
juvenile justice system!
Give yourselves a pat on the back now…
Probation Officers Are Key Probation Officers Are Key
Probation officers help youths by: ReferringAssessingCoordinatingCounselingCajoling
Probation officers help youths by: ReferringAssessingCoordinatingCounselingCajoling
Probation Officers Are Key Probation Officers Are Key
The end goal is:Reduce risk of recidivism Hold youths accountable for their
behavior Promote their health and well-beingExpand their access to opportunity
The end goal is:Reduce risk of recidivism Hold youths accountable for their
behavior Promote their health and well-beingExpand their access to opportunity
Probation Officers Are Key Probation Officers Are Key
“Over 60% of youth encounters with the juvenile justice system are through community supervision with Probation Officers.” (Snyder & Sickmund 2006)
“Over 60% of youth encounters with the juvenile justice system are through community supervision with Probation Officers.” (Snyder & Sickmund 2006)
Probation Officers Are Key Probation Officers Are Key
Despite the resources committed to youth probation, the development of effective evidence-based probation practices have been erratic
Despite the resources committed to youth probation, the development of effective evidence-based probation practices have been erratic
Probation Officers Are Key Probation Officers Are Key
Interventions have been shown to help reduce recidivism among juveniles involved in the justice system as part of multifaceted strategy
Interventions have been shown to help reduce recidivism among juveniles involved in the justice system as part of multifaceted strategy
Probation Officers Are Key Probation Officers Are Key
Interventions Are Important!Interventions Are Important!
According to the OJJDP:Effective interventions play an essential
role in any strategy designed to diminish the rates of juvenile delinquency
Serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders absent effective interventions, are likely to recidivate while at the age for peak offending
According to the OJJDP:Effective interventions play an essential
role in any strategy designed to diminish the rates of juvenile delinquency
Serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders absent effective interventions, are likely to recidivate while at the age for peak offending
Types of Intervention:Types of Intervention:
Interventions Are Important!Interventions Are Important!
Individual counseling Family counseling
Interpersonal skills Group counseling
Behavioral programs Reduced caseload
Multiple services Wilderness challenge
Restitution Early release
Employment related Deterrence programs
Academic programs Vocational programs
Advocacy/casework
3 rules of effective interventions:Must be therapeutic in natureApply the Risk PrincipleHave quality implementation
3 rules of effective interventions:Must be therapeutic in natureApply the Risk PrincipleHave quality implementation
Interventions Are Important!Interventions Are Important!
Treatments found most effective in curbing juvenile recidivism:
Mentoring (21%) Group counseling (22%) Behavioral programs (22%) Cognitive behavioral programs (26%) Multiple services-case management (20%)
Treatments found most effective in curbing juvenile recidivism:
Mentoring (21%) Group counseling (22%) Behavioral programs (22%) Cognitive behavioral programs (26%) Multiple services-case management (20%)
Interventions Are Important!Interventions Are Important!
(“The Primary Factors that Characterize Effective Interventions with Juvenile Offenders: A Meta-Analytic
Overview”)
Treatments with positive effects: Mediation-Restorative Program (12%) Family Counseling (13%) Family Crisis Counseling (12%) Mixed Counseling (16%) Social Skills (13%) Challenge (12%) Academic (10%) Service Broker (10%)
Treatments with positive effects: Mediation-Restorative Program (12%) Family Counseling (13%) Family Crisis Counseling (12%) Mixed Counseling (16%) Social Skills (13%) Challenge (12%) Academic (10%) Service Broker (10%)
Interventions Are Important!Interventions Are Important!
(“The Primary Factors that Characterize Effective Interventions with Juvenile Offenders: A Meta-Analytic
Overview”)
Interventions Are Important!Interventions Are Important!
Programs with weak or no effects or inconsistent evidence:
Wilderness/challengeEarly release, probation/paroleDeterrence programsVocational programs
Programs with weak or no effects or inconsistent evidence:
Wilderness/challengeEarly release, probation/paroleDeterrence programsVocational programs
Debate among academics that only interventions that address a juvenile’s criminogenic needs are effective
Specifically cognitive-behavioral and social learning approaches
Analysis has shown mentoring and general counseling to be very effective
Debate among academics that only interventions that address a juvenile’s criminogenic needs are effective
Specifically cognitive-behavioral and social learning approaches
Analysis has shown mentoring and general counseling to be very effective
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
Program implementation is just as important as type of program
Program implementation is just as important as type of program
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
Cornerstones of quality implementation:Treatment providers that are
professionally trainedService delivery that is monitoredCorrective actions are taken when
quality deteriorates
Cornerstones of quality implementation:Treatment providers that are
professionally trainedService delivery that is monitoredCorrective actions are taken when
quality deteriorates
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
In Midwestern town of 175,000, young offenders who were on probation and considered high-risk were matched with highly vetted volunteer citizen counselors.
In Midwestern town of 175,000, young offenders who were on probation and considered high-risk were matched with highly vetted volunteer citizen counselors.
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
(“Effectiveness Of Citizen Volunteers Functioning As Counselors For High-risk Young Male Offenders”)
Matching criteria for citizen counselors and probationers:
SexEthnicityEducational backgroundIntellectual levelVocational aspirationsRecreational interests
Matching criteria for citizen counselors and probationers:
SexEthnicityEducational backgroundIntellectual levelVocational aspirationsRecreational interests
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
(“Effectiveness Of Citizen Volunteers Functioning As Counselors For High-risk Young Male Offenders”)
The counseling relationships lasted about ten months
Weekly meetings were held an average of 3 meetings a month
The counseling relationships lasted about ten months
Weekly meetings were held an average of 3 meetings a month
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
(“Effectiveness Of Citizen Volunteers Functioning As Counselors For High-risk Young Male Offenders”)
Counselors helped youth manage:Personal problems Financial issuesEducational problems Interpersonal relationships Volunteers arranged for employment -
either full or part-time jobs
Counselors helped youth manage:Personal problems Financial issuesEducational problems Interpersonal relationships Volunteers arranged for employment -
either full or part-time jobs
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
(“Effectiveness Of Citizen Volunteers Functioning As Counselors For High-risk Young Male Offenders”)
The citizen counseled group, committed fewer and less serious offenses than the control high-risk group.
Exhibited a lower recidivism rate (14% vs. 54%) by nearly 40%!
The citizen counseled group, committed fewer and less serious offenses than the control high-risk group.
Exhibited a lower recidivism rate (14% vs. 54%) by nearly 40%!
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
(“Effectiveness Of Citizen Volunteers Functioning As Counselors For High-risk Young Male Offenders”)
The citizen counseled group was:Employed more regularlyMade greater educational progressAppeared to be more responsible, less
impulsive and less rebellious than the group on regular probation
More accepting toward other probationary requirements, especially educational classes
The citizen counseled group was:Employed more regularlyMade greater educational progressAppeared to be more responsible, less
impulsive and less rebellious than the group on regular probation
More accepting toward other probationary requirements, especially educational classes
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
There is No Silver Bullet in Treating Delinquency
(“Effectiveness Of Citizen Volunteers Functioning As Counselors For High-risk Young Male Offenders”)
Interventions are equally effective on institutionalized and non-institutionalized youth involved in the juvenile justice system
Interventions have also been shown to have similar results irrespective of age, race, or gender
Interventions are equally effective on institutionalized and non-institutionalized youth involved in the juvenile justice system
Interventions have also been shown to have similar results irrespective of age, race, or gender
Does Individualized Justice Work?
Does Individualized Justice Work?
