What Are Your Hazards and How Are You

8/8/2019 What Are Your Hazards and How Are You

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What are your Hazards and How

are you Controlling them!

P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada


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Emerging Trends

Health, Safety, and Environment are more ofconcern to the public than ever before

Newspaper coverage can be an indicator of issues

More coverage than ever and increasing

This is shaping public opinion and is setting higherstandards of care

It is an indicator of the new awareness of safety



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Emerging Trends

The public and workers are less tolerant of risk

Past practices may be unacceptable today.

The public expects minimal risk or even demands zero risk.

You must be an even more responsible owner/operator.

You have to both be actuallymore responsible and appear

to be more responsible to survive.



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Emerging Trends

Liabilities are increasing:

Higher potential for legal action.

Higher jury awards for punitive damages.

Measured against higher standard of care.



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Needed:

Better management of risk

Better awareness of hazards

Reduce risk to acceptable levels considering allstakeholders

Who are the stakeholders?

What is acceptable? How is it measured?



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Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment

Foundation of Risk Management

How can you manage risks that are either not

known or not well understood?

Provides an assessment of acceptability

Provides an assessment of alternatives



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Traditional Measures of Acceptability

Regulations

Industry practice

Company practice

Engineering judgement



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Modern Measures of Acceptability

Regulations

Industry practice

Company practice

Engineering judgement

Risk-based decision making based on

systematic methods and risk criteria



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Risks need to be managed

Risks Safeguards



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Definitions

Hazard:

physical or chemical characteristic of a

material, system, process, or plant that has thepotential for causing harm

consequences could include impact to workers,

the public, property, or the environment



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Hazard Analysis DefinitionA Hazard Analysis (HA) is a comprehensive study

that

identifies, and,

analyzes

the hazards of a process.



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Risk Assessment Process Flow

Diagram

System

Description

AccidentSeverity

Estimation

Modify

System

Accident

Likelihood

Estimation

Risk

Determination

Operate

System

Risk

Acceptance

Hazard

Identification



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Benefits of Hazard Analysis

More complete awareness of hazards

Provides a structured and systematic

examination of the hazards of a process

Attempts to recognize all hazards

Employee participation

Gathers real input from the employees Concerns are discussed and documented

Team is more informed about hazards



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Benefits of Hazard Analysis

Assists management in risk decisions

Basis to assess if risks are acceptable

Can be used to develop the most effective

strategy to reduce or eliminate risks

Provides a means to compare risks of different

designs or operations Worst First



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Benefits of HA (contd)

Ultimate outcomes

Improved safety performance resulting in less risk

to the public, employees, property and the

environment

Assists with regulatory compliance

Minimizes business interruption

Improves relations with the public and employees



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Solution -

Risk Management Program

A systematic approach to managing risk

Comprehensive program (Environment,Health, and Safety)

A risk-based culture in the organization

Training for managers and employees

Protocols to follow

Criteria to follow



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Alignment of EHS and Other Business

Processes

Senior management needs to come to

understand the strategic significance ofEHS

processes as a critical business element

There has to be a closer alignment ofEHS

with other business processes



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Definitions (contd)

Hazard Scenario

specific unplanned sequence of events that has an

undesirable consequence

Initiating event - first event of the sequence

Intermediate events - responses of the system and

operators or other conditions leading to the accident

Final event - consider reasonable scenarios cascading to

the worst credible outcome



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Sequence of a Hazard ScenarioSequence of a Hazard ScenarioInitiating

Event

Intermediate

Events

Final

Event

Dependent Events

Operator

Overfills

Tank

Level

IncreasesInjury from

Release

Release

From

Tank

High LevelAlarm

Fails

Operator

Fails to

Control

Personnelin the

Area



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Definitions (contd)

Severity

the impact of the accident in terms of the effects

on people, property, or the environment

Likelihood

how often an accident happens

either probability or frequency



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Definitions (contd)

Risk

a measure of potential human injury, economic

loss or environmental impact in terms of its

severity and likelihood

Risk (R) = Severity (S) x Likelihood (L)



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Techniques Commonly Used in Hazard

Evaluation

Commonly Used Techs.:

Hazard & OperabilityStudy (HAZOP)

Checklist Analysis What-If

What-If /Checklist

Failure Modes & Effects

Analysis (FMEA)

Other Techniques:

Event Tree Analysis

Fault Tree Analysis

Human Reliability

Analysis

Cause-Consequence Preliminary Hazard

Analysis



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Causes of Accidents Mechanical failures of

equipment

External events

Human error in design,

operation, maintenance,

construction management

Wear, fatigue,

corrosion,

Weather, utility loss

Slips, aberrations,

intentional acts



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Slide 28

Human Error

Majority of incidents

Least analyzed and understood

Greatest impact can be made by focusing onthis area



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Causes of Human Error

10% caused by

individual faults

(90%) caused by

external influences



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Value out of Risk Assessment?

Conducting an effective Hazard Analysis and

Risk Assessment can seem to a be a daunting

task.

But a planned and systematic approach to

Hazard Analysis can turn this chore into an

effective, proactive accident reduction tool.



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To Err is Human...

The operator opened

the wrong valvecausing an overfill of ahydrocarbon tank anda resulting fire(unintentional error inoperation)

Ineffective training

Insufficient staffing

Poor human-machine

interfaces (location of

tank to location of

control valve poor)



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Risk Management Program Overview(contd)

Goal -

to require plans and procedures toprevent and respond to accidental

releases

to require a worst case assessment of thehazard

Slide 28P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada


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Requirements (contd)

Hazard Assessment

worst-case release scenario analysis

alternate release scenario analysis

five-year accident history



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Prevention Programs

process safety

information (PSI)

process hazard analysis(PHA)

operating procedures

training

mechanical integrity management of change

pre-startup safety

review

compliance audits incident investigation

employee participation

hot work permit

contractors



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Emergency Response Program

written emergency response plan

procedures for use and maintenance of

emergency response equipment

training for employees in relevant procedures

procedure to review and update the plan

plan must be coordinated with the communityemergency response plan



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Management System

system to oversee the implementation of the

risk management program elements a qualified person or position with overall

responsibility for the program elements

define lines of authority assigned to implement

specific program elements



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Why a New Effort For Chemical

Safety? Industrial accidents continue to happen

Numerous impacts and costs

The public is less tolerant of risk

The US Government has intervened



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Examples of Regulated Entities

Chemical Manufacturers

Basic chemical manufacturing,

Petrochemicals,

Resins,

Agricultural chemicals,

Pharmaceuticals,

Paints, Cleaning compounds



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Petroleum

Refineries

Gas Plants



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Other Manufacturing

Paper

Electronics

Semiconductors

Fabricated metals



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Industrial machinery

Food processing

Agricultural retailers

Public Sources

Drinking water

Wastewater treatment systems

Utilities Electric and gas utilities



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Other

Propane retailers and users,

Cold storage,

Warehousing Wholesalers

Federal Sources

Military Energy installations



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Accidental Release Prevention

Requirements

Risk Management

Program

registration

hazard assessment

prevention program

emergency response

program

management system

Risk Management Plan(RMP)

describes Risk ManagementProgram

includes Executive Summary

condensed into DataElements for submittal



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Conclusions

Risk Management is required in todaysbusiness environment

Failure to do this is hazardous to yourcompanys health.

Hazard analysis and risk assessment are thefoundation of a risk management program.

It is highly effective in reducing actualincidents.



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Slide 41

Contact Us...

astern Consulting Group16 Village Blvd, Suite 200

inceton, NJ 08540-5799l: (609) 951-2211x: (609) 951-2281

Corporate Headquarters &Western Consulting Group

AcuTech Consulting, Inc.100 Pine Street, Suite 2240San Francisco, CA 94111Tel: 415-772-5972Fax: 415-772-5975

Canadian Consulting GroupAcuTech Consulting, Inc.300-1055 West Hastings St.Vancouver, BC V6E 2E9Tel: 604-609-6168Fax: 604-608-9880

http://www.acutech-consulting.com


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What Are Your Hazards and How Are You