Slide 1

What Are the Major Physiological Systems ? Nervous system relays messages through nerve impulses Nervous system relays messages through nerve impulses Responsible for controlling and integrating the other systems of the body Neurons are the basic units Endocrine system glands which secrete chemical messages (hormones) Endocrine system glands which secrete chemical messages (hormones) Slide 2 What Are the Major Parts of a Neuron ? Dendrites receive information Dendrites receive information Cell body generates electrical signals or action potentials Cell body generates electrical signals or action potentials action potentials action potentials Axon transmits signals at the synapse by way of neurotransmitters Axon transmits signals at the synapse by way of neurotransmitterssignalssynapseneurotransmitterssignalssynapseneurotransmitters Slide 3 Neuron Slide 4 Action Potential Movie Slide 5 What Are the Major Divisions of the Nervous System ? Central nervous system (CNS) Central nervous system (CNS) Brain and spinal cord Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body Slide 6 CNS & PNS Slide 7 What Are Some of the Major Features of the Brains Structure ? The brain consists of 3 major parts The brain consists of 3 major parts Hindbrain brainstem Midbrain limbic system Forebrain cerebral cortex Slide 8 Hindbrain Graphic Slide 9 Midbrain Graphic Slide 10 Forebrain Graphic Slide 11 What Are Some of the Major Features of the Brains Structure ? The brain is divided into a left hemisphere and a right hemisphere The brain is divided into a left hemisphere and a right hemisphereleft hemisphereright hemisphereleft hemisphereright hemisphere Slide 12 Left hemisphere movie Slide 13 What Are Some of the Major Features of the Brains Structure ? The corpus callosum connects the hemispheres The corpus callosum connects the hemispheres Slide 14 Split Brain Movie Slide 15 What Are the Major Divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System ? Somatic nervous system connects CNS with the skeletal muscles & senses Somatic nervous system connects CNS with the skeletal muscles & senses Autonomic nervous system connects CNS with the internal organs and glands Autonomic nervous system connects CNS with the internal organs and glands Sympathetic division produces the emergency reaction Parasympathetic division returns body to normal functioning Slide 16 Endocrine System Slide 17 What Are the Major Divisions of the Endocrine System ? Pituitary gland the most influential gland Pituitary gland the most influential gland Influenced by the hypothalamus Regulates growth Controls other glands Located on the underside of the brain Slide 18 What Are the Major Divisions of the Endocrine System ? Thyroid gland located below the larynx Thyroid gland located below the larynx Produces thyroxin Regulates bodys metabolism Parathyroid glands 4 pea-shaped organs in the thyroid gland Parathyroid glands 4 pea-shaped organs in the thyroid gland Regulates calcium in blood Related to excitability of nervous system Slide 19 What Are the Major Divisions of the Endocrine System ? Pancreas located in stomach area Pancreas located in stomach area Regulates level of sugar in blood by secreting insulin Gonads ovaries & testes Gonads ovaries & testes Produces secondary sex characteristics Adrenal glands located above kidneys Adrenal glands located above kidneys Helps with fight/flight/fright reaction