What are the implication of the new wave of citation ...dagda.shef.ac.uk/dispub/dissertations/2010-11/... · Chapter 2 A Literature Review 14 2.1 Citation Analysis 14 2.2 Competition

1

What are the implication of the new wave of citation databases for the scholarly and

citation community (A comparative study in Astronomy and Astrophysics)?

A study submitted in partial fulfilment

of the requirements for the degree of

Master of Arts in Librarianship

At

THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD

By

LEWIS MICHAEL GIBSON

SEPTEMBER 2011

2

Abstract:

Background: The literature revealed a lacuna of comparative bibliometric studies in the field

of Astronomy and Astrophysics. Previous papers (in and outside of the discipline) revealed

variegated results, and stressed the need for further research. This paper aimed to address

these issues.

Aims: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that: the four bibliographic databases available

to astronomers and astrophysicists (Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and ADS) will

produce different data, and that the ADS database will produce the largest number of results

after citation refinement. In doing so it aimed to compare the bibliometric tools and evaluate

the modern citation landscape.

Methods: A methodology was designed based on previous studies and their further

recommendations. Thus ten journals were selected on a gradation of JCR impact factor;

twenty articles – published in 2005 – were selected from each journal; and these articles were

then searched for in the four databases. This returned 160 articles returning 1876 citations

(after errors and duplications were deducted). Further analysis was conducted using

Microsoft Excel formulas and sortation tools.

Results: The results showed that Google Scholar returned the most citations (1678), that

ADS returned the second largest number of citations (1513), Web of Science the third (1423),

and Scopus the fourth (1311). Within this data it was demonstrated that: Google Scholar and

Web of Science provided the best dual database combination; that the free-to-use tools

provided better coverage than the commercial databases; that none of the selected journals

were 100% covered; and that the impact of these new databases was one of further citation

clarity.

Conclusions: The study revealed that multiple bibliographic tool use is a requirement of the

modern – multifaceted – citation environment. That the hypothesis was correct in its first

assertion, but incorrect in its latter; and that all four databases have issues of indexing and

coverage. Further work could include: the study of pre-print citations and their transitional

coverage; and an examination of higher cited articles.

3

Table of Contents:

Chapter 1 A Preparatory 09

1.1 Introduction and Context 09

1.2 Research Aims and Objectives 10

1.3 Further Context 11

Chapter 2 A Literature Review 14

2.1 Citation Analysis 14

2.2 Competition to Web of Science and Comparative bibliometrics 14

2.3 Astronomy and Astrophysics Literature 17

2.4 Summary of Literature Review 19

Chapter 3 Methodology 20

3.1 Overview 20

3.2 Selection of Journals 20

3.3 Selection of date parameter 21

3.4 Selection of Articles 21

3.5 Collection of citations 22

3.6 Data Analysis 23

3.7 Publication year data analysis methodology 24

3.8 Source Type data analysis methodology 25

3.9 Document Type data analysis methodology 25

3.10 Unique citation data analysis methodology 25

3.11 Language data analysis methodology 26

3.12 Summary of the methodology 26

Chapter 4 Limitations of the Study 27

4.1 Overview 27

Chapter 5 Results Introduction 28

5.1 Overview 28

4

Chapter 6 Results 29

6.1 Section One: Database/ Journal Coverage 29

6.1.1 Total coverage Data 29

6.1.2 Secondary Citations 31

6.1.3 Combined Data Usage 32

6.1.4 Individual Journal Data 34

6.2 Section Two: Publication Year and Language 39

6.2.1 Publication Year 39

6.2.2 Source Type and Publication Year 41

6.2.3 Web Source citations and publication year 41

6.2.4 Book Source and Journal Source citation and publication year 41

6.2.5 Language Analysis 42

6.3 Section Three: Unique Citations 44

6.3.1 Web of Science Unique Citations 44

6.3.2 Scopus Unique Citations 45

6.3.3 Google Scholar Unique Citations 46

6.3.4 ADS Unique Citations 48

6.3.5 Summary of unique citations and comparative analysis 49

6.3.6 Further unique citation analysis 50

6.3.7 Further analysis: Web of Science Unique Citations 51

6.3.8 Further analysis: Scopus Unique Citations 53

6.3.9 Further analysis: Google Scholar Unique Citations 55

6.3.10 Further analysis: ADS Unique Citations 58

6.3.11 Summary of Unique Citations 58

6.4 Section Four: Source and Document Type 59

6.4.1 Source Type Analysis 59

6.4.2 Book Source Type Citations 60

6.4.3 Journal Source Type Citations 61

6.4.4 Web Source Type Citations 63

5

6.4.5 Summary of Source Type Analysis 64

6.4.6 Further Journal Citation analysis 66

6.4.7 Group One (≥ 25) 67

6.4.8 Group Two (10 - 24) 68

6.4.9 Group Three (5 – 10) 70

6.4.10 Group Four (≤ 4) 72

6.4.11 Summary of Further Journal Analysis 76

Chapter 7 Conclusion 78

7.1 Conclusion 78

References 82

Appendices 88

Appendix 1 – Searched for Articles 89

Appendix 2 – Example of Layer Two database 97

Appendix 3 – List of Unique Citations 101

6

Table of Charts, Diagrams, and Tables:

Table 1 A quick overview of the four citation databases

Table 2 Citations by publication year and database (including totals)

Table 3 Citation Data returned by journal and database

Table 4 Secondary Citation Data by journal and database

Table 5 Independent and Combined database citation returns

Table 6 Individual journal citation data with percentages

Table 7 High Impact Journal (1 – 5; 85 Articles) Citation Data

Table 8 Low Impact Journal (6 – 10; 75 Articles) Citation Data

Table 9 Citations by publication year and database (including totals)

Table 10 2011 Citations analysed by document type

Table 11 Web source citations analysed by database and publication year

Table 12 Book source citations analysed by database and publication year

Table 13 Journal Source citations analysed by database and publication year

Table 14 Foreign Language citations returned by study

Table 15 Web of Science Unique Citations by Document Type

Table 16 Web of Science Unique Citations by Publication Year

Table 17 Scopus Unique Citations by Source Type

Table 18 Scopus Unique Citations by Document Type

Table 19 Scopus Unique Citations by Publication Year

Table 20 Google Scholar Unique Citations by Source Type

Table 21 Google Scholar Unique Citations by Document Type

Table 22 Google Scholar non-English Language Unique Citations

Table 23 ADS Unique Citations by Publication Year

Table 24 ADS Unique Citations by Source Type

Table 25 List of unique citations produced by source title for Web of Science

Database

7

Table 26 List of unique citations produced by source title for Scopus Database

Table 27 List of unique book citations produced by source title for Google

Scholar Database

Table 28 List of unique journal citations produced by source title for Google

Scholar Database

Table 29 List of unique journal citations produced by Web source titles for

Google Scholar Database

Table 30 List of unique journal citations produced by ADS Database

Table 31 Citations by source type

Table 32 Book Source Document Type Citations

Table 33 Book Source citations by database

Table 34 Journal Source Document Type Citations

Table 35 Journal Source Citations by database

Table 36 Web Source Document Type Citations

Table 37 Web Source Citations by database

Table 38 Document Type Citations by Database

Table 39 Journal Publications and the number of citations returned by each

database (including total)





Table 42 Part One: Journal Publications and the number of citations returned by

each database (including total)

Table 42 Part Two: Journal Publications and the number of citations returned by

each database (including total)

Table 43 High Impact Journals and the number of citations returned by each


Table 44 Article and Conference Paper Citations by databases

8

Bar Chart 1 Number of citations returned by each database for each journal

Bar Chart 2 Unique Citations by database and source type

Bar Chart 3 Book Source Citations by database

Bar Chart 4 Database Source Type citation returns

Bar chart 5 Percentage of citations for document type by database

Line Chart 1 High Impact Journal Mean, Low Impact Journal Mean, and Total

Mean for the four databases (and the combined total means)

Line chart 2 Annual number of citations for each database (including total)

Line Chart 3 Unique citations by database and publication year

Venn 1 Database coverage provided (if used independently or in conjunction)

by number of citations returned

9

Chapter 1: A Preparatory:

1.1 Introduction and Context:

The scholarly community relies on citation databases for the evaluation of papers and articles,

and the calculation of the intellectual merit and impact these may have had (Borgman and

Furner, 2002; Holden, Rosenberg and Barker, 2005; van Raan, 2005; Wallin, 2005).

Proponents of citation databases propound the correlative comparisons of research

assessments and peer-review statistics (Aksnes and Taxt, 2004; Glänzel, 1996; Kostoff, 1996;

van Raan, 2000), and the relative ease-of-use these tools provide.

Critics, however, state the limitations, problems, and distortions associated with citation

counting (MacRoberts and MacRoberts, 1996; Seglen, 1998; Walter et al., 2003); the

problems of selection and omission; and the problems of Web of Science‘s (WoS)

monopolisation and predominance (Nisonger, 2004; Reed, 1995).

However, with the emergence of alternative and competitive citation databases, the latter

problem has been readdressed and redefined.

In this milieu, new questions are raised in relation to the employment of bibliometrics and

citation assessments. Mainly: what effect do these bibliographic databases have on

bibliometric studies? How do they affect citation counts and impacting factors? And how do

these new tools and databases compare, in use, and in data, to Web of Science? (Meho and

Yang, 2007: 2107). Ultimately: do these additional tools and databases provide a more

accurate and reliable academic and citation landscape? Or a more distorted one?

These problems are important because the answers provide valuable information to: scholars,

researches, and librarians (Meho and Yang, 2007: 2105). As well as having important affects

on bibliometric studies and citation analysis.

10

This dissertation will examine the effect of these new citation databases (and the questions

and problems involved) in relation to the discipline of Astronomy and Astrophysics. It will

examine Thomson Scientific‘s Web of Science, Elsevier‘s Scopus, Google‘s Google Scholar,

and SAO/ NASA‘s (Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and National Aeronautics Space

Administration) ADS (Astrophysics Data System) database. In selecting these four databases

it aims to ascertain the answers to the abovementioned questions, and the comparative

performance of commercial citation databases (as produced by Elsevier and Thomson

Scientific) as opposed to free-access citation databases (those compiled by Google and SAO/

NASA).

The dissertation, thus, aims to examine the four citation databases to see where comparisons

and differences occur in citations and use (i.e. source types and publication years); and

inspect the data to see how these interact and affect the citation landscape.

It is an important, and appropriate, time for this study, as the alternative and new databases

are maturing, and the employment of citation analysis increasing and evolving.

1.2 Research Aims and Objectives:

The aim, for this dissertation, is to analyse the four bibliographic databases to see how they

perform (and compare) in the production of citation data. And see how the returned data:

varies, interacts, and affects the citation landscape.

The objectives, for the dissertation are thus:

To conduct a literature review that examines: the application of bibliometrics, the

broader citation database comparative literature, and the literature relating to

Astronomy and Astrophysics.

11

To design a methodology that allows the testing of the hypothesis that: all databases

will produce different data, and that the ADS database will produce the largest

number of results after citation refinement (i.e. tidying data and eradicating

duplicates).

To analyse the results in a way which produces pertinent and interesting statistics

(publication year and perennial analysis, source type analysis, document type

analysis, unique and paralleled citation analysis, citation error investigation,

implications for: impact factors etc.)

And, to compare the results with similar studies, and to make suggestions for future

studies.

1.3 Further context: The Four Databases of study, and the choice of Astronomy and

Astrophysics:

Prior to 2004, and the genesis of Elsevier‘s Scopus and Google‘s Google Scholar, most

academics and scholars used solely Web of Science for citation analysis. The ADS, itself,

used to use data generated by the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) for its citation

database1 (it now – for the core astronomy journals – parses full text) (Demleitner et al.,

2004). As such, before this date, few comparative bibliographic/citation database studies

were conducted.

However, with the advent of competition, and the development of other citation databases,

there have been many comparative citation database studies carried out in the last several

years. Although very few of these have been conducted within the field of Astronomy and

Astrophysics, and used the SAO/ NASA ADS database (as the literature review below will

demonstrate).

1 Relates to citation information from 1981 – 2002 (Accomazzi et al., 2007).

12

This dissertation, therefore, hopes to address this lacuna of citation database analysis in the

field of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and respond to the recommendations and suggestions

of previous comparative analysis papers.

The four databases (three of which are multidisciplinary) have all been chosen as they all

provide a legitimate and academic alternative to one another in the field of Astronomy and

Astrophysics. And also all: operate online; provide simple, selective, and Boolean search

operations; as well as the ability to limit and refine searches, and see further citation

information histories.

Web of Science is a set of collected indices and is ―based on the concept that a carefully

selected subset of journals [will] produce the majority of important citing literature for any

given article‖ (Bakkalbasi et al., 2006)2. At present, Web of Science ―covers over 12,000

international and regional journals and book series‖ (Thomson Reuters, 2011), and according

to the most recent ISI Journal Citation Report (JCR) provides coverage of 54 Astronomy and

Astrophysics journals within this scope. Importantly with ISI: journals and book series have

to meet a set standard and criterion for inclusion on Web of Science (Roedigger, 2006), a

factor some authors perceive as a limitation (Funkhouser, 1996; Whitley, 2002).

Scopus, too, operates in the above way, but with a larger scope of publications (17,500

journals and 300 book series) including: open access and pre-print material etc. (full citation

coverage, however, only goes back to 1996) (Goodman and Deis, 2005; Scopus, 2008). It is

unclear, though, how many Astronomy and Astrophysics journals are covered, as the division

of subject category from Physics in Scopus does not exist.

Google Scholar, produced by the internet giant, works via the employment of algorithmic

ranking (Google, 2011), and searches beyond peer-reviewed journal literature in agreement

2 Often referred to as Bradford‘s Law or Zipf‘s Law.

13

with publishers, vendors, and institutions (including many web-based sources and non-

English sources) (Belew, 2005; Noruzi, 2005). However, although the tool provides the

fastest return, and vastest amount, of data (Bosman et al., 2006), caution has been

propounded in relation to the frequency of Google Scholar‘s citation errors and citation

qualities (Bar-Ilan, 2008; Falagas et al., 2008; Jacsó, 2008). A factor intensified by Google

Scholar‘s mutism on sources and quantities3.

Finally, ADS – managed by the Harvard- Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and

provided for by NASA grants – provides a database solely for astrophysics publications (and

related disciplines and sub-disciplines) and is the dominant means by which academics, in the

field, obtain technical literature (Kurtz et al., 2003; Kurtz et al., 2005a). At present ―it

maintains three bibliographic databases containing more than 9.0 million records‖ (ADS,

2011a). However, it is not as broad in sources as Web of Science (Abt, 2004), and the

Abstract Service only goes back to 1976 (Gomez and Martin, 2007). It, also, by its own

admission states that its citation data is incomplete (ADS, 2011b)4.

Table 1: A quick overview of the four citation databases:

(Thompson Reuters, 2009; Scopus, 2011; ADS, 2011a)

3 Although incomplete, it is clear from this study that Google Scholar cites: journals, book chapters, book series,

dissertations, thesis, reports, leaflets, pre-prints, and more. 4 Please see Roth‘s (2005) article on variegated citation databases for further information.

WoS Scopus GS ADS

Source Coverage 46.1 m records 44.4m records ?? 9.2m records

Complete citation coverage since 1900

23m records with references back to 1996 ??

Bibliographic listings back to Volume 1 for most major journals

Subject Coverage All All All Astronomy and Astrophysics

14

Chapter 2: A Literature Review:

2.1 Citation Analysis:

Citation analysis involves the study of citations and references for the construction of:

―quality‖, ―authority‖, ―intellectual influence‖ and ―popularity‖ measurements (Cole and

Cole 1971; Gilbert, 1977; Zuckerman, 1987; Borgman and Furner, 2002). And is the

dominant means by which intellectual value is accredited and gauged by academics, funding

bodies, and governments (Meho, 2007).

Moed, in his book, Citation Analysis in Research Evaluation, identified ‗five broad‘ areas of

bibliometric application in the academic environment. These included: i) ‗The assessment of

the contribution made by various bodies in the scholarly system‘; ii) the ‗Analyses of the

global scholarly system‘; iii) ‗Analyses of scholarly fields‘; iv) ‗Analyses of the science-

technology interface and the economic contributions of science‘; and v) the ‗Assessment of

educational, social and cultural contributions of basic research‘ (Moed, 2005: 16 – 17). This

dissertation will be examining the third area, but one, two, and four are also very pertinent to

the discipline of Astronomy and Astrophysics.

2.2 Competition to Web of Science and Comparative bibliometrics:

The emergence of the new, and alternative, citation databases has ended the monopoly of

Web of Science and introduced a ―new era of citation analysis based on multiple sources‖

(Meho, 2007: 1). The internet has been the dominant driving force in this change, and has

imported not just a synthesis of sources, but, also, an amalgamation of methods.

Whilst, in many areas of study, this change began to materialise in 2004, in the discipline of

Astronomy and Astrophysics the SAO/ NASA ADS database was already established as ―the

dominant means by which astronomers, search, access, and read their technical literature‖

15

(Kurtz et al., 2003: 223) and used in preference to, or alongside, Web of Science (Gomez and

Martin, 2007) (see: Accomazzi et al., 2000 and Grant et al., 2000 for historical and technical

overviews of ADS).

With the advent of Google Scholar and Scopus, many papers and articles have been produced

that investigate and compare these new ISI simulacrums with the Web of Science. There has

been a particular interest in the Google model (Schroeder, 2007) due to its free to user

provision, and the challenge this provides to the commercial model propagated by Web of

Science and Scopus.

Pauly and Stergiou compared citation data between Web of Science and Google Scholar in

several subject areas (including physics), examining three authors and three papers

(belonging to that author) to produce their results. Without assessing accuracy or quality, the

authors found, that, the data returned was ‗essentially the same‘ and that the new databases

had ‗strong implications for future citation analyses‘ (Pauly and Stergiou, 2005).

Other studies that demonstrate comparability between Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of

Science include: Bauer and Bakkalbasi (2005) and Bakkalbasi et al. (2006). These two

studies demonstrated that Web of Science produced better results for older papers; that

Google Scholar produced more data for present years; and that Scopus and Web of Science

were ‗generally‘ comparable. They concluded, again, that further study was required into

Google Scholar‘s citations, and – in the latter paper – stressed the importance of search

parameters with regard which tool would be of better use to researchers (Bauer and

Bakkalbasi, 2005; Bakkalbasi et al., 2006).

In general a theme emerged, in many of the comparative papers (ibid; Franceschet, 2010;

Levine-Clark and Gill, 2009a; Meho and Yang, 2007; Noruzi, 2005; and Yang and Meho,

2006), that to ascertain an accurate citation count (and thus the calculation of impact factors

16

and h-indexes) several databases should be consulted; that more research was required; and

that the results produced by the different tools were diverse. As Kulkarni et al. concluded in

their paper on article citations published in three medical journals: ―Web of Science, Scopus,

and Google Scholar produce... quantitatively and qualitatively different citation counts‖

(Kulkarni et al., 2009: 1092).

However, whilst many of the papers, published, issued hazard warnings relating to Google

Scholar and aspects of its sourcing and metadata (Bar-Ilan, 2008; Falagas et al., 2008;

Kousha and Thelwall, 2007; Norris and Oppenheim, 2007), none went quite so far as Peter

Jacsó, who argued vehemently against the employment and use of Google Scholar, and a

perceived Google sinecure, purporting ‗abysmal‘ results in relation to the Scholar search

engine (Jacsó, 2005; Jacsó, 2006; Jacsó, 2008; and Jacsó, 2009). Indeed, where as others saw

some virtue, with the problems, of the free-to-use Scholar as a subsidiary tool, Jacsó scorned

Google Scholar for its ‗endemic errors‘, ‗citation problems‘, ‗skewed data‘, ‗inflated

numbers‘, ‗ghosts in the system‘, and ‗compounding errors‘; concluding that there was ―no

reason for optimism‖ and that Google Scholar ―will keep producing errors... on a mega-scale‖

(Jacso: 2009).

However, Jacsó was an anomaly, and most researchers conceded that Google Scholar, despite

its problems – of algorithmic computation and parsing, and transparency of publications –

was a useful citation and research tool (Bar-Ilan, 2008; Falagas et al., 2008; Kousha and

Thelwall, 2007; Norris and Oppenheim, 2007; Noruzi, 2005). And that Scopus and Web of

Science both produced a comparable – even if different – volume of data. Indeed as Levine-

Clark and Gill pointed out: in the twenty first century, the economics of circumstance may

determine the tool of consultation (Levine-Clark and Gill, 2009b: 994).

17

2.3 Astronomy and Astrophysics Literature:

A lot of the recent bibliometric literature, relating to Astronomy and Astrophysics, has used

download and page-view metrics (see Kurtz et al., 2005b for example). This is indicative of

the way researchers and academics in the subject conduct research and view papers (Lawal,

2002; Nicholas et al., 2005; Nicholas et al., 2006). However, the traditional impact gauge of

citations is, still, dominant.

In a paper, mentioned above, which examined citations in social sciences – using Google

Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus – Levine-Clark and Gill noted that the JCR (Journal

Citation Reports) index was, perhaps, too narrow (Levine-Clark and Gill, 2009b: 994).

However, in the case of Astronomy and Astrophysics this could be contested. As Kurtz et al.

write:

―Scholarly communication in astronomy is dominated by seven journals, The

Astrophysical Journal, The Astrophysical Journal (Letters), The Astrophysical Journal

Supplement Series, The Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,

Astronomy & Astrophysics...The Astronomical Journal, and The Publications of the

Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Since the founding of the pan-European journal

Astronomy and Astrophysics thirty-five years ago these journals have formed the core

of the discipline‖. (Kurtz et al., 2005a: 1396 – 1397).

All of which appear on the JCR.

In the Astrophysics literature, there are a lot of bibliometric papers examining outputs and

impacts (i.e. academic and departmental), and varying calculating methods, but there is very

little on the examination of the tools used and, as such, comparative literature examining

bibliographic tools available. This is, probably, because the ADS database is so well

18

established (Gomez and Martin, 2007: 175), and the Web of Science SCI (Science Citation

Index) considered the accompanying and variant tool (Abt, 2004: 169).

Three authors that have, however, performed comparative assessments of bibliographic tools,

in the field of Astronomy, are: Piet van der Kruitt, Helmut Abt, and Monique Gomez et al.

P.C van der Kruitt, in a section of a paper that analysed bibliometrics on a larger scale,

analysed his own citations and found ADS and SCI to be comparable in data returned, with

ADS producing 240 citations in comparison to SCI‘s 245 (for articles published between

1991 – 2001). He concluded that both ADS and SCI were ‗good‘ bibliographic tools (van der

Kruitt, 2005: 12).

Helmut Abt, also, conducted a citation comparison between SCI and ADS, and found that

ADS produced 15% more citations than SCI (however he did note that SCI had more

citations in the physics and chemistry journals). To obtain his data, Abt, searched citations

referring to 20 papers in four fields: solar physics, stellar astronomy, gaseous nebulae and the

ISM, and galaxies (Abt, 2004).

Gomez and Martin, too, provide a further review, in the context of astronomical libraries.

And this time included Elsevier‘s Scopus for comparison with ADS and Web of Science.

Although their methodology was very limited (two name searches and a questionnaire

conducted with staff and students) they concluded that ADS was very substantive in

Astronomical coverage, and returned more citation data when searched. They did concede,

however, that Scopus and Web of Science could be used as accompanying and

complementary tools (Gomez and Martin, 2007), but concluded on the attractiveness of the

free and open access ADS.

19

2.4 Summary of Literature Review:

To round up here: what the above papers show is that there can be no definitive conclusions

drawn from the existing research in comparative citation analysis in Astronomy and

Astrophysics. And from the broader literature variegated results propound.

The above has documented the general comparative database literature and the comparative

bibliometric literature specific to the discipline of Astronomy and Astrophysics. It has,

hopefully, given context to the area of study and the general themes within the literature.

This dissertation aims to address the thin production of comparative bibliographic tool papers

in the astronomy field, and address some of the issues identified by previous papers noted in

the literature review. Thus: it will examine the databases in reference to subject and date

parameters (to see which tool returns the best results); analyse all, but specifically Google

Scholar‘s, returned citations for accuracy and quality; readdress the citation question years on

from previous papers; and contribute to the existing literature.

20

Chapter 3: Methodology:

3.1 Overview:

To test the hypothesis – that all four citation databases will produce different results, and that

ADS will produce (after citation error deduction) the highest quantity of results – a

methodology had to be designed. This involved selecting journals and articles for

examination, the selection of date parameters, and the development of a second dataset that

permitted the further investigation of trends and gaps in the bibliographic tools.

3.2 Selection of Journals:

The journal selection process involved the selection of ten Astronomy and Astrophysics

Journals from the 2009 JCR Science Edition Index.

To do this, the JCR index was sorted by the five year journal impact factor (5Y-JIF) and the

journals selected on a gradation of five from journal one. It is believed that by selecting the

journals in this way (between a 26.408 and 0.345 five year JIF range) that the study would be

able to examine how the different bibliographic tools coverage differed – or did not – for high

impact and low impact journals.

The journals chosen for selection via this process (and their relevant impact factors) were:

The Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (26.408), Astrophysical Journal (6.390),

Physical Review D (4.331), ICARUS (3.442), Revista Mexicana De Astronomia Y Astrofisica

(2.284), Space Weather – The International Journal of Research and Applications (1.769),

Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics (1.285), Astronomy Letters – A Journal of

Astronomy and Space Astrophysics (0.943), Baltic Astronomy (0.477), and The Journal of the

British Interplanetary Society (0.345).

21

3.3 Selection of date parameter:

The year 2005 was chosen for analysis as this, selection, enabled a timescale for the

development of article citation histories5.

3.4 Selection of Articles6:

The selection of articles involved the aggregation of all articles published in the ten chosen

Astronomy and Astrophysics journals using the Web of Science.

Web of Science was chosen as the primary bibliographic tool (which ineluctably gives a

slight bias to WoS) because of its ease of use (in refining publications and year of

publications) and because the study had previously used ISI‘s JCR for the selection of

journals.

Once all the articles were collected, all editorial material and letters were removed in Web of

Science. Articles which had over 25 citations in Web of Science were also deducted due to

the time constraints of the dissertation. And a requisite established that an article should be

present in all four citation databases.

With this done, articles were selected within range, and where possible determined to be

selected on a de-scale of 1 in WoS (i.e. Article 1 = 25 citations, Article 2 = 24 citations).

Where high volume and high citation counts were not present, the twenty highest citing

articles were chosen. All articles were chosen using Web of Science first, and then searched

for in the other citation databases to meet the abovementioned requisite.

Using these methods 160 articles were selected. Article bibliographic information was then

entered into Microsoft excel and included the documenting of: Journal Reference Number

5 Helmut Abt wrote, in 1981, in reference to a bibliometric study conducted in Astronomy and Astrophysics,

that on: ―average, the citations reach a maximum five years after publication‖ (Abt, 1981: 207). One can

assume with the development of new technologies that this has in fact speeded up. 6 Please see Appendix 1 for complete list of Selected Articles.

22

(designated by this study for tracking purposes), Journal Title, Article Title, Author(s),

Publication Year, Volume, Issue Number, Page Number, Publication Type, Language, and

Country.

All articles were searched for in the other three databases using exact match search functions

first, and edited and refined when necessary (this was specifically required for ADS that

required the use of unique query forms).

Unfortunately only 160 articles were returned and analysed (instead of 200) because: The

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics only returned 5 articles for examination (out

of 20 articles for that year) within the 25 – 1 citation range; Space Weather - The

International Journal of Research and Applications only had 13 citeable articles on Scopus;

and only two citeable articles could be found on all four databases for The Journal of the

British Interplanetary Society (this was due, mainly, to ADS‘ coverage).

3.5 Collection of citations:

With the articles chosen, the next stage involved collecting and documenting the citations to

the relevant article. This was achieved by approaching each journal/ article individually and

entering all citations from all databases into Microsoft Excel. This was achieved between the

4th

June and 30th

June 2011 (with all articles searched for in all four databases within seconds

of each other).

Citations were then entered into the database using Web of Science first, and then identified

as unique or mirrored from Scopus, Google Scholar, and ADS.

Citation data was collated and documented using: Article Reference (inserted by this study

for easy tracking), Citing Article Title, Citing Article Author(s), Citing Article Publication

Year, Citing Article Source Title, Citing Article Source Type, Citing Article Document Type,

23

Citing Article Language, Citing Article Country, and the number of citations the citing article

had in the respective databases.

Thus on layer one of the database there was the Selected Journal and the Selected Articles

(see Appendix 1); and on the second layer the citing articles relating to the Selected Journals

and Selected Articles (see Appendix 2 – which links to Selected Journal 1 and Selected

Article 1 – for an example).

Performing this task to obtain the citations and the information stated above was very

systematic – and easy – using the commercial databases (Web of Science and Elsevier‘s

Scopus). However ADS and GS were not as easy in use for citation purposes. ADS‘ search

function often required modification and editing, and once found required entering each

citing article to obtain the bibliographic and citation information (it was also very slow in

retrieval). And Google Scholar was more problematic still, with no uniformed way of

returning data, and no tool for organising results. Indeed this issue of use, it could be argued,

provides a slight stymie for practical citation analysis for these two tools at present.

3.6 Data Analysis:

The second stage of the methodology required the advanced analysis of the accumulated

dataset one, and involved analysing the individual citations obtained via the four databases

for each article (by-hand).

This included, firstly, the detection and removal of citation errors (including: duplications,

phantom citations, already cited translated articles, and articles with incomplete or incorrect

bibliographic data) and brought an original count of 2085 citations – from the obtained 160

articles – to a revised citation count of 1876. This represented a 10.02% citation error across

all four databases. And when broken-down: a 0.21% citation error for Web of Science

24

(1.44% of the total errors); 0.61% citation error for Scopus (3.83% of the total errors); 9.69%

citation error for Google Scholar (86.12% of the total errors); and 1.18% citation error for

ADS (8.61% of all errors).

With tidied data, the next stage involved amalgamating the tidied separated journal data –

dataset one (which, with the use of Excel formulas and sortation, provided percentages,

means, and standard deviations, of the bibliographic tools in relation to the individual

selected journal coverage) – into one database (dataset two).

This provided a more practical way of ascertaining further detailed analysis of: publication

years, source-type and document-type coverage; the identification and calculation of unique

citations and symmetrical citations; foreign language coverage; and an all-round better

overview of the citations for each bibliographic tool.

3.7 Publication year data analysis:

Citations for publication year were sorted via the database using Excel IF AND OR formulas

(see results below), and then extended further to see the relation of source type, database, and

publication year using the excel sortation facility. This permitted the calculation of

percentages and the identification of publication year trends and factors in relation to all or

individual databases.

Table 2: Citations by publication year and database (including totals):

Year WoS Scopus GS ADS TOTAL

2005 59 72 102 96 130

2006 291 293 337 315 379

2007 289 279 328 291 371

2008 245 239 267 240 295

2009 249 190 275 245 298

2010 221 191 252 220 275

2011 69 47 117 106 128

TOTAL 1423 1311 1678 1513 1876

25

3.8 Source Type7 data analysis:

Source type was examined using Microsoft Excel IF formulas. This returned: 190 Book

citations; 1523 Journal citations; 1 Newsletter citation; and 162 Web citations. These source

types were then analysed individually to retrieve: document type information relating to

source type, language information relating to source type, and database coverage relating to

source type.

The Journal source type was studied further by obtaining all Journal Titles using the Excel

sortation facility; and then citations accumulated using Excel IF formulas. This resulted in

the identification of 207 citing journals and the number of citing articles within these journals

(which were analysed for trends and patterns in relation to databases).

3.9 Document Type8 data analysis:

Document Type was analysed using the Excel sortation tool. This returned data of: 1328

citations been articles; 231 conference papers; 1 correction; 33 dissertations; 7 editorial

pieces; 90 E-Prints; 1 news item; 1proposal; 4 reports; and 180 reviews. These were then

analysed and attributed to the relevant database, percentages calculated, and enabled the

further identification of trends and patterns of citation.

3.10 Unique citation data analysis:

Unique citations were obtained via Excel computation IF AND formulas. This returned 211

unique citations. The unique citations were then sorted via database, which resulted in: Web

7 Source Types are identified by Scopus and Web of Science, and are mostly stated by the other databases, and

where not are identifiable through obvious intuition. It is possible, however, that minor anomalies exist here: a)

because the databases refer to a citation differently; or b) the source type has been interpreted incorrectly by this

study.

8 Document Types are identified explicitly by Web of Science and Scopus, and again can be mostly found on

the other databases by entering relevant links. However, as above, the problem of anomalies do exist for the

same reasons.

26

of Science producing 39 unique citations; Scopus 37 unique citations; Google Scholar 120

unique citations; and ADS 15. These unique citations were then further analysed to ascertain

reason. Thus publication year, source type, document type, and language of the unique citing

articles were analysed in relation to the bibliographic tool. This was then further analysed,

for greater understanding, by source title.

3.11 Language data analysis:

The language of the citing articles was analysed, again, via the Excel sortation tool. Thus

citing article languages were sorted alphabetically and then attributed to the correct citation

database. This returned 1867 English language articles and 9 non-English language articles

(which included: 2 French, 2 German, 1 Portuguese, 3 Russian, and 1 Spanish) which again

were analysed to link to databases, and source and document types.

3.12 Summary of the methodology:

With the operation of two datasets, the accumulative and divided results provided a:

performance value and citation indicator of coverage for the four citation databases (in

relation to selected journals in dataset one; and more detailed data analysis – i.e. source types

– in dataset two), as well as permitting the identification of trends and gaps in the four

citation databases, and an holistic view of the current multi-citation database landscape. The

division of data, also, meant that sortation and manipulation was easier in Microsoft Excel.

27

Chapter 4: Limitations of the Study:

4.1 Overview:

The dissertation has several limitations. In the methodology, it could be argued that a sample

data of 160 articles (20% less than expected) is too narrow to draw definitive conclusions.

Indeed the secondary citation data collected in this study seems to demonstrate (albeit with

un-tidied data) that the mean variation between the databases is greater than the primary

study indicates when data for examination is expanded.

Another problem is: that although the dissertation addressed how the varying databases

approach high and low impact journals; asserting a high citation article cut off of 25 citations

in the selection stage (using Web of Science) does mean that highly cited articles are not, at

all, addressed by this dissertation. A reason, that these highly cited articles were not

covered, was due to the time restrains of the dissertation. However, it is believed that these

highly cited articles would be of interest for further study and would affect mean citation

returns.

A further problem linked to the time scale of the study is that not all areas of the research

could be examined as fully as possible. Instead areas of priority were chosen and worked

upon.

28

Chapter 5: Results Introduction:

5.1 Overview:

The results of this dissertation are presented and discussed in four sections. Firstly database/

journal coverage: which examines the citation returns of the four databases in relation to:

total citations, secondary citations, and individual journal citation analysis; and evaluates how

the four tools could be used to maximise citation returns and values.

Section two examines the data in more detail by examining publication year and the language

of citing articles to see what links and correlations exist between the year and language

parameters of the articles and the individual databases.

Section three examines the unique citations returned by the bibliographic tools; identifying

and discussing the unique citations, as well as ascertaining the reasons why a citation is

returned by one database, but not the other three.

And section four examines the data by source type and document type, evaluating database

data and performance. It then analyses, further, the journal source type (examining source

titles) to evaluate database coverage of high impact and low impact journals; and the reason

for citation inclusion and absence (of this source type) on the bibliographic databases.

29

Chapter 6: Results:

6.1 Section One: Database/ Journal Coverage:

Below examines the comparative performance of the bibliographic tools in relation to journal

coverage.

6.1.1 Total Coverage Data9:

To show how each database performed on total coverage, all individual database citation

counts were accumulated to return a total citation count for that journal. These 10 journals

were then all added together to demonstrate the total study‘s findings regarding citation

returns.

The total coverage figures below (see Table 3) demonstrate that Google Scholar returned the

most citations for the selected 160 articles, returning 1678 citations. This meant that Google

Scholar returned an 89.45% coverage of all citations found for the selected articles, and a

mean citation return of 10.49 citations per article.

The SAO/ NASA ADS database returned the second largest amount of citations: returning

1513 citations; representing 80.65% of all citations collected; and a mean citation return of

9.46 citations per article.

The third largest return of citations was ISI‘s Web of Science; and the lowest Scopus, which

returned nearly 20% less than Google Scholar (meaning 367 fewer citations than its

competitor).

9 To ascertain ‗real‘ total coverage, the original data had to be tidied (this included removing incorrect and

inaccurate citations).

30

Table 3: Citation Data returned by journal and database (including: total, percentage and

mean):

Journal WoS S GS ADS Total

*1 70 63 91 67 103

2 310 301 373 349 392

3 310 262 362 380 428

4 310 316 380 318 405

5 89 82 104 100 119

**6 40 19 45 23 61

7 114 105 118 82 130

8 118 97 135 134 157

9 57 60 62 57 72

***10 5 6 8 3 9

TOTAL 1423 1311 1678 1513 1876

% (n=1876) 75.85 69.88 89.45 80.65 100.00

MEAN CITATION (n=160) 8.89 8.19 10.49 9.46 11.73

* Only 5 articles from ANNUAL REVIEW were on all four databases.

** Only 13 articles from SPACE WEATHER were on all four databases. *** Only 2 articles from JBIS were on all four databases.

Journal Key: (1 = The Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (26.408); 2 = Astrophysical Journal (6.390); 3 = Physical Review D (4.331); 4 = ICARUS (3.442); 5 = Revista Mexicana De Astronomia Y Astrofisica (2.284); 6 = Space Weather – The International Journal of Research and Applications (1.769); 7 = Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics (1.285); 8 = Astronomy Letters – A Journal of Astronomy and Space Astrophysics (0.943); 9 = Baltic Astronomy (0.477); 10 = The Journal of the British Interplanetary Society (0.345).

The above shows the individual database citation returns for all journals/ articles and

demonstrates that the citation returns are relatively close for all four databases (with a mean

variation of 2.30 citations per article between the highest and lowest returning database)

when analysing the total amalgamated data. It also confirms the findings of many of the

previous comparative papers that: the modern citation landscape is multifaceted and therefore

requires multi-tools. Indeed, as the data above shows: to use only Web of Science would

31

mean 24.15% of citations would be missed; to use only Scopus would mean 30.12% of

citations would be missed; Google Scholar 10.55%; and ADS 19.35%.

Therefore it can be concluded from the above data that multiple source consultation certainly

increases citation findings, and when one considers the two highest returning tools are free-

to-use eradicates certain economic difficulties in doing so.

6.1.2 Secondary Citations:

The secondary citations represent the number of articles cited by the above-retrieved citing

articles. It is believed that, by analysing this larger quantity of data, the primary data findings

can be compared for correlation. Indeed, what the secondary citation data demonstrates is

that with a larger sample (albeit un-tidied and un-verified) the relative closeness of the

database differentiation discussed above is decreased.

Table 4: Secondary Citation Data by journal and database (including total and mean):

Journal WoS S GS ADS

1 844 719 1404 996

2 5352 4569 9074 7336

3 3969 3033 7096 7616

4 3233 3257 4585 3130

5 665 465 1334 950

6 193 29 221 87

7 610 532 852 440

8 1136 789 1685 1381

9 219 213 297 257

10 10 9 50 10

TOTAL 16231 13615 26598 22203

MEAN CITATION 11.41 10.39 15.85 14.67

32

Thus, as can be seen in Table 4, when the secondary citation data is analysed, the citation

numbers returned differ more prominently. Google Scholar still remains the highest with

26598 citations, and Scopus still returns the fewest citations. But the degrees are greater10

.

However, the total secondary citation data exercise just demonstrates that: if citations were

traced through two sets of citing articles, the returns are quite vast and varied. Indeed, even if

the value is normalised, the mean (n= relevant database total from Table 3) demonstrates a

larger 5.46 article variation between Scopus and Google Scholar, and a 4.44 mean variation

between GS and Web of Science; thus for every article searched: Google Scholar returns

15.85 citations as opposed to 10.39 and 11.41 respectively.

6.1.3 Combined database usage:

Below examines the combined use of databases to see which, if used together, would return

the greatest number of citations. It also examines the returned data of the commercial

databases juxtaposed to the free-to-use databases.

Table 5 demonstrates the total number of citations each database and each database

combination would provide (along with relevant percentages). This is also illustrated

visually in Venn Diagram 1 below.

Thus, it can be seen that if only Web of Science and Scopus were used to collect the citations

(the two commercial databases been analysed) 1541 citations would be returned out of a

possible 1876 (an 82.14% coverage); whereas Google Scholar and ADS (the free-to-use

services) would provide 1753 citations (a 93.44%coverage).

10

Of course the database that produced the highest number of citations is naturally going to expand its return on

secondary citations as it has more primary citations with secondary citations, so to some degree it could be

predicted that values would expand the way they did. It does however show the analysis to another layer of

citations.

33

Table 5: Independent and Combined database citation returns (including: total and

percentage):

Journal WoS S GS ADS WoS, S WoS, GS WoS, ADS

*1 70 63 91 67 78 100 82 2 310 301 373 349 338 384 362 3 310 262 362 380 331 418 410 4 310 316 380 318 333 392 351 5 89 82 104 100 98 114 109

**6 40 19 45 23 48 56 42 7 114 105 118 82 118 130 118 8 118 97 135 134 126 150 147

9 57 60 62 57 65 68 65 ***10 5 6 8 3 6 8 7

TOTAL 1423 1311 1678 1513 1541 1820 1693

% 75.85 69.88 89.45 80.65 82.14 97.01 90.25

WoS, S, GS WoS, S, ADS WoS, GS, ADS S, GS S, GS, ADS S, ADS GS, ADS WoS, S, GS,

ADS

102 88 101 97 98 82 92 103 391 373 385 386 389 369 378 392 421 415 427 410 420 398 411 428 403 368 394 401 403 362 386 405 119 114 114 113 113 108 105 119

61 49 56 53 54 36 46 61 130 121 130 126 127 115 119 130 153 151 154 142 150 144 144 157

72 69 68 71 72 68 64 72 9 8 8 9 9 8 8 9

1861 1756 1837 1808 1835 1690 1753 1876

99.20 93.60 97.92 96.38 97.81 90.09 93.44 100.00

The table also shows that the best dual combination of databases (i.e. the two providing the

best combined coverage) would be: Google Scholar and Web of Science, which would

provide 1820 citations and a 97.01% coverage. The reason for this is that Web of Science

and Google Scholar provide the most unique citations (which will be examined in section

three) and that, although ADS, provides more citation data than Web of Science, many of

ADS‘ citations are duplicated (or mirrored) in Google Scholar.

34

However, although it should be noted that all dual combinations (except for the already noted

Web of Science and Scopus combination) provide above 90% of all citations, to ascertain

total coverage (in relation to the databases analysed in this study) all four databases would

need to be consulted. Indeed this is illustrated in the centre of the Venn diagram below,

which represents quad database usage.

Venn diagram 1: Database coverage provided (if used independently or in conjunction) by

number of citations returned:

6.1.4 Individual journal data:

Individual journal data breaks down the above analysis to analyse the performance of the

databases in relation to the individual selected journals of this study. It thus looks at the

database coverage of all journals selected, and the differentiation in coverage for high and

low impact journals to ascertain the varied database performances.

35

Thus, it can be seen from Table 6 and Bar Chart 1 (below), that Google Scholar consistently

returns the maximum number of citations for each individual selected journal. Indeed it is

only for one journal, (3) Physical Review D, that it does not return the highest number of

citations. This shows that statistically Google Scholar performs better, than the alternatives,

for both the high impact and low impact factor journals selected for this study (which will be

examined further below).

Table 6: Individual journal citation data with percentages:


*1 70 63 91 67 103

67.96% 61.17% 88.35% 65.05% 100.00%

2 310 301 373 349 392

79.08% 76.79% 95.15% 89.03% 100.00%

3 310 262 362 380 428

72.43% 61.21% 84.58% 88.79% 100.00%

4 310 316 380 318 405

76.54% 78.02% 93.83% 78.52% 100.00%

5 89 82 104 100 119

74.79% 68.91% 87.39% 84.03% 100.00%

**6 40 19 45 23 61

65.57% 31.15% 73.77% 37.70% 100.00%

7 114 105 118 82 130

87.69% 80.77% 90.77% 63.08% 100.00%

8 118 97 135 134 157

75.16% 61.78% 85.99% 85.35% 100.00%

9 57 60 62 57 72

79.17% 83.33% 86.11% 79.17% 100.00%

***10 5 6 8 3 9

55.56% 66.67% 88.89% 33.33% 100.00%

36

Bar Chart 1: Number of citations returned by each database for each journal:

Table 6 also demonstrates that none of the four databases provide complete coverage for the

articles of the ten selected journals. Indeed surprisingly it is only Google Scholar on three

occasions ((2) Astrophysical Journal, (4) ICARUS, and (7) Geophysical and Astrophysical

Fluid Dynamics) that above 90.00% coverage is provided. Indeed Web of Science only once

returns a coverage figure above 80.00% (for Journal (7) Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid

Dynamics). This, again, exemplifies the need for multiple tool use in citation analysis and

citation collection.

If the high impact factor journals (Table 7) are examined (1 – 5; 77.13% of the total citation

data), it can be seen that Scopus returned the worst data, returning the lowest citation counts

for all but one journal, (4) ICARUS, where Web of Science returned 6 fewer citations. It can,

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

*1 2 3 4 5 **6 7 8 9 ***10

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

s

Journals

WoS

S

GS

ADS

37

also, be seen that Google Scholar returned a mean citation of 15.41 per article; that ADS

returned a 14.28 mean; Web of Science 12.81; and Scopus 12.05. This shows that the total

mean differentiation is expanded between GS and Scopus from 2.30 to 3.36 for high impact

journals; even though Scopus‘ percentage coverage increases.

In other (high impact journal) data, the mean variations are not quite so large, but mean

differentiations do change, thus: Web of Science increases its mean variation for high impact

journals between Scopus by 0.06 and reduces it to 2.60 for Google Scholar. ADS increases

its mean variation by 0.90 for high impact journals when compared to Web of Science‘s

returns.

Table 7: High Impact Journal (1 – 5; 85 Articles) Citation Data:


*1 70 63 91 67 103

2 310 301 373 349 392

3 310 262 362 380 428

4 310 316 380 318 405

5 89 82 104 100 119

TOTAL 1089 1024 1310 1214 1447

% 75.26 70.77 90.53 83.90 100.00

MEAN (n=85) 12.81 12.05 15.41 14.28 17.02

Low impact journals (6 – 10; 22.87 % of total citation data), when analysed, independently,

also vary and differ from total aggregated analysis. Thus Table 8 shows that all mean

differentiations between the databases narrow, with the mean variation between GS and WoS

reduced to only 0.46.

38

Table 8: Low Impact Journal (6 – 10; 75 Articles) Citation Data:


**6 40 19 45 23 61 7 114 105 118 82 130 8 118 97 135 134 157 9 57 60 62 57 72

***10 5 6 8 3 9

TOTAL 334 287 368 299 429

% 77.86 66.90 85.78 69.70 100.00

MEAN (n=75) 4.45 3.83 4.91 3.99 5.72

Indeed, on low impact journal data, Web of Science performs second best to Google Scholar,

with Scopus again performing the worst. This can be seen, below, on Line chart 1 illustrating

the three mean returns (high, low, and total) for the four databases.

Line Chart 1: High Impact Journal Mean, Low Impact Journal Mean, and Total Mean for the

four databases (and the combined total means):

Therefore what the individual analysis demonstrates is that, although the databases do

perform consistently in ratio of returns, there are some clear nuances and variations between

the selected high impact and low impact journals.

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

WoS S GS ADS Total

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

M

e

a

n

Databases and Total

TOTAL MEAN

HIGH IMPACT JOURNAL (1 - 5) MEAN

LOW IMPACT JOURNAL (6 -10) MEAN

39

6.2 Section 2: Publication Year and Language:

Section two analyses the collected data for trends and coverage in relation to citation

publication year and language.

6.2.1 Publication Year:

Table 9 and Line Chart 2 below demonstrate that articles, in Astronomy and Astrophysics,

receive the most citations one year (2006) after publication, and then two years (2007) after

publication. This is corroborated by all four databases (which each demonstrate the same

trend). Citations then dip by approximately 11.5% (calculated on total citations) for 2008 and

2009, and decrease, again, by approximately 7.5% for 2010. It is forecasted that citations for

2011would then decrease by approximately 6% (with a 2011 total figure of 259 arrived at

using future value calculation)11

.

The table and chart also demonstrates that for every year after publication Google Scholar

returns the most results; that ADS and Web of Science produce similar data in relation to

publication year; and that Scopus produces the fewest citations for every year except 2005

and 2006 where Web of Science returns the fewest citations.

Table 9: Citations by publication year and database (including totals):

Year WoS Scopus GS ADS TOTAL

2005 59 72 102 96 130

2006 291 293 337 315 379

2007 289 279 328 291 371

2008 245 239 267 240 295

2009 249 190 275 245 298

2010 221 191 252 220 275

2011 69 47 117 106 128

TOTAL 1423 1311 1678 1513 1876

11

The chart and table represent the collected data not the projected figure.

40

Line chart 2: Annual number of citations for each database (including total):

Another statistic demonstrated by the above Table 9 and Line Chart is 2 that Google Scholar

and ADS return considerably more current citations for 2011 than Web of Science or Scopus.

The reason for this, as can be seen in Table 10 (which shows 2011 citations) is that GS and

ADS cite more E-Prints (31 and 28 respectively), and that these include mainly pre-prints.

Indeed if these documents were deducted from the 2011 citations there is an obvious increase

in the approximate parity across the databases12

.

A further trend illustrated by Line Chart 2 is the quick decline of relevance for the selected

articles, which illuminates the progressive and quick moving discipline milieu.

Table 10: 2011 Citations analysed by document type:

Document Type WoS Scopus GS ADS TOTAL

Article 64 43 76 73 84

Conference 1 1 4 2 4

Dissertation 0 0 1 0 1

E-Print 0 0 31 28 33

Review 4 3 5 3 6

TOTAL 69 47 117 106 128

12

E-Prints and Pre-prints are of course important in a fast-moving field like Astronomy and Astrophysics.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Nu

mb

er

Of

Cit

atio

ns

Year(s)

WoS

Scopus

GS

ADS

TOTAL

41

6.2.2 Source Type and publication year:

The database publication year analysis demonstrated a trend of articles obtaining most

citations one year and two years after publication. This trend was identified considering all

source types returned. However, if the publication year is examined by separating source

types returned, different patterns of citation appear for the selected articles.

6.2.3 Web Source citations and publication year:

Web source citations appear to have a scattered annual distribution (as can be seen in Table

11). However Table 11 also reveals that there are considerably more web citations for 2011.

This could be: indicative of a new modern approach to publication; or could be an anomaly

heightened by pre-print publications that could later transfer to journal source citations13

.

Table 11 also demonstrates the difference between Google Scholar‘s and ADS‘ treatment of

web citations compared to the commercial databases (which still employ Bradford‘s Law).

Table 11: Web source citations analysed by database and publication year:

Year WoS Scopus GS ADS Total

2005 0 1 17 10 18

2006 0 3 22 14 25

2007 0 2 19 11 21

2008 0 4 25 8 27

2009 0 0 20 11 20

2010 0 3 15 4 16

2011 0 0 33 28 35

6.2.4 Book Source and Journal Source citation and publication year:

Book source and journal source citations (see Table 12 and 13 below) follow the same yearly

publication trend highlighted in the all sources section. However one notable difference is

the high citation count for the book source in 2010.

13

This could be an interesting area of study for further papers.

42

Twenty-one of the thirty one citations, for 2010, are conference papers and reviews (17 and 4

respectively) and this could mean that the actual pertinence of the articles/ papers was a year

(or two) prior when one considers book publication timescales (source data will be analysed

in more detail in section four of this chapter).

Table 12: Book source citations analysed by database and publication year:


2005 8 16 8 5 20

2006 13 20 22 19 33

2007 18 19 34 19 46

2008 16 7 16 11 24

2009 15 5 23 13 28

2010 10 9 26 16 31

2011 1 2 8 2 8

Table 13: Journal Source citations analysed by database and publication year:


2005 51 55 77 81 92

2006 278 270 292 282 320

2007 271 258 275 261 304

2008 229 228 226 221 244

2009 234 185 231 221 249

2010 211 179 212 200 229

2011 68 45 76 76 85

6.2.5 Language Analysis:

As noted in the methodology, of the 1876 returned citations, only 9 were non-English

(0.48%). This represented: 2 French citations, 2 German citations, 1 Portuguese citation, 3

Russian citations, and 1 Spanish citation. Of these eight were web based sources and one a

journal source (A Russian Article published in: Известия Саратовского университета).

As Table 14 below demonstrates, all the foreign language citations were unique citations

(which will be further discussed and analysed in the next section of this chapter) and were

present only in: Google Scholar (7 citations) and Scopus (2 citations). This data reinforces:

43

firstly, the concept of an English language centric academic paper publication method;

secondly, citation databases‘ English language bias; and thirdly the world-wide collaborative

nature of the discipline – and as such as the necessity of a unified language.

However Table 14 and the data, also, confirm the findings of many of the papers discussed in

the literature review (i.e. Belew, 2005; Noruzi, 2005): that Google Scholar does incorporate

and interact outside of the English language14

.

Table 14: Foreign Language citations returned by study:

14

It is worth noting that, although Google Scholar‘s incorporation of research outside of the English language is

commendable, some of the GS errors returned were, in fact, due to the return of an English and non-English

version of a paper.

Article Title Language Source Type

Document Type Database

Modélisation et mesure des exosphères de quelques objets du système solaire French Web E-Print GS Des acides aminés pourraient être présents à la surface de Titan French Web Article GS

-VLBI von AGN German Web Dissertation Scopus Thermische Evolution und Habitabilität erdähnlicher Exoplaneten German Web Dissertation GS

EFEITOS DE TEMPESTADES MAGNETICAS EM SINAIS DE GPS, EM NATAL, BRASIL. Portugeuse Web Dissertation GS

STATICTICHESKIE PROPERTIES OF RADIO SOURCES AT VARIOUS LINEAR SCALE Russian Web E-Print GS

СУПЕРРАСШИРЕНИЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ЛАНДАУ Russian Journal Article GS Беляев Денис Анатольевич (T y f y atmospheres by solar-raying using acousto-optic filter) Russian Web E-Print GS

Diseño y caracterización del sistema fotométrico de la misión GAIA de la Agencia Espacial Europea Spanish Web Article Scopus

http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446915/

http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00446915/

http://www.ipsl.fr/fr/Actualites/Actualites-scientifiques/Des-acides-amines-pourraient-etre-presents-a-la-surface-de-Titan

http://www.ipsl.fr/fr/Actualites/Actualites-scientifiques/Des-acides-amines-pourraient-etre-presents-a-la-surface-de-Titan

http://www-scopus-com.eresources.shef.ac.uk/redirect.url?origin=resultslist&category=ScirusDocumentLink&url=http%3a%2f%2fhss.ulb.uni-bonn.de%2fdiss_online%2fmath_nat_fak%2f2006%2fpagels_anke%2f0858.pdf



http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98770379x&dok_var=d1&dok_ext=pdf&filename=98770379x.pdf

http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98770379x&dok_var=d1&dok_ext=pdf&filename=98770379x.pdf

ftp://ftp.ufrn.br/pub/biblioteca/ext/bdtd/RicardoYLCC.pdf

ftp://ftp.ufrn.br/pub/biblioteca/ext/bdtd/RicardoYLCC.pdf

http://www.radioastron.ru/files/images/img_dissovet/avtoref_pashenko.pdf

http://www.radioastron.ru/files/images/img_dissovet/avtoref_pashenko.pdf

http://www.sgu.ru/files/nodes/60515/Ivanov.pdf

http://www-scopus-com.eresources.shef.ac.uk/redirect.url?origin=resultslist&category=ScirusDocumentLink&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.tesisenxarxa.net%2fTDX-0529109-121258%2f

http://www-scopus-com.eresources.shef.ac.uk/redirect.url?origin=resultslist&category=ScirusDocumentLink&url=http%3a%2f%2fwww.tesisenxarxa.net%2fTDX-0529109-121258%2f

44

6.3 Section Three: Unique Citations:

Of the 1876 returned citations – from the 160 selected articles – 211 were unique citations

(i.e. citations only present in one of the four citation databases). Of these: 39 were unique to

Web of Science; 37 to Scopus; 120 to Google Scholar; and 15 to ADS (please see Appendix

3 for bibliographic information). What this, further, demonstrates, therefore, is that no single

database provides total coverage (as discussed above).

Below will analyse these unique citations, firstly in relation to the database they were

generated (by analysing source type, document type, and publication years); secondly by

comparing the data; and thirdly, by analysing the source titles.

6.3.1 Web of Science Unique Citations:

Web of Science returned 39 unique citations. Of these 23 were journal source type, and 16

book series source type (all were English language).

If we analyse document type (see Table 15) we can see that the majority of these were article

and conference paper document type, with the others been: 5 review document type, and 1

correction document type. Of these, only the correction document is obvious for its reason of

been a unique citation.

Table 15: Web of Science Unique Citations by Document Type:

Document Type No.

Article 17

Conference 16

Correction 1

Review 5

If the publication years of the unique citations generated by Web of Science (see Table 16)

are analysed, it can see that the most unique citations are generated from 2006 and 2007 (the

45

same two years that Web of Science produces its largest number of citations – see 6.2.1 and

Table 9).

Table 16: Web of Science Unique Citations by Publication Year:

Publication Year No.

2005 3

2006 8

2007 11

2008 6

2009 5

2010 5

2011 1

Indeed, from the analysis above it would be very difficult to explain the reason for Web of

Science‘s unique citations. Instead the citations must be analysed further by comparison and

then by source titles (see 6.3.6 +).

6.3.2 Scopus Unique Citations:

Scopus returned 37 unique citations. Of these: 7 were generated from a web source type; and

of these: 6 were dissertation document type (please see Table 17 and 18 below). Further, two

of the web source types were non-English language (one a German dissertation and, another,

a Spanish Article).

Therefore seven of these unique citations can be understood in the context that they are of not

of peer-reviewed merit (in the case of the dissertations), and from a non-English language

source in the case of the Spanish and German articles.

Table 17: Scopus Unique Citations by Source Type:

Source Type No.

Book 15

Journal 15

Web 7

46

Table 18: Scopus Unique Citations by Document Type:

Document Type No.

Article 20

Conference 11

Dissertation 6

If the publication years of Scopus‘ unique citations are analysed (Table 19), we can see that

conversely to Web of Science and Scopus‘ own overall citation output, Scopus‘ highest

unique citations were generated in 2005 (10 of which are of journal or book source type).

Therefore to ascertain the reason for the remaining 30 unresolved unique citations generated

by Scopus (8 of which come from JCR journals) deeper analysis is, again, required (please

see 6.3.6 +).

Table 19: Scopus Unique Citations by Publication Year:


2005 11

2006 9

2007 8

2008 3

2009 1

2010 4

2011 1

6.3.3 Google Scholar Unique Citations:

Google Scholar returned considerably more unique citations than the other three databases

analysed, generating 120 unique citations (56.87 % of all unique citations). Of these 65 came

from a web based source type (54.17 %) (please see Table 20 below) and contained document

types of: 21 dissertations; 12 articles; 4 conference papers; 23 E-Prints; 1 proposal; and 4

reports.

47

Table 20: Google Scholar Unique Citations by Source Type:

Source Type No.

Book 33

Journal 21

Newsletter 1

Web 65

If the analysis is expanded to the variegated returned document types (Table 21), it can be

seen that the web based source type generates all the dissertations, all the reports and

proposals, and all the E-Prints generated by Google Scholar. The editorial document type is

generated by the Newsletter source type. It can also be seen that Google Scholar still returns

a considerable amount of journal article unique citations.

Table 21: Google Scholar Unique Citations by Document Type:

Document Type No.

Article 52

Conference 8

Dissertation 21

Editorial 1

E-Print 23

Proposal 1

Report 4

Review 10

Therefore from analysing the source and document type of the unique citations generated by

Google Scholar it can be seen: that 21 of the unique citations(dissertations) returned can be

understood in the context of they are not produced by peer-reviewed publications, and

therefore perceived as unsuitable by some for academic citation purposes15

; that 5 of the

unique citations returned (1 proposal and 4 report document types) can be understood, again,

in the context that they are not applicable for academic citation purposes; and 1 Newsletter

(source) Editorial (document) understood in the same perspective. This, therefore, explains

the reason for 27 of Google Scholar‘s unique citations.

15

Even though some of the dissertations will become published papers.

48

Other GS unique citations can be explained by re-analysing document language (6.2.5). As

noted, above, all the non-English language returns were unique citations, and seven of these

were generated by Google Scholar (please see Table 22 for Unique GS language breakdown).

Two of these have already been resolved (1 German and 1 Portuguese) as they were

dissertation document types, but does explain a further 5 of Google Scholar‘s unique citations

in the context of language publication. This does, however, still leave 88 of Google Scholars

unique citations unexplained (15 of which come from JCR journals).

Table 22: Google Scholar non-English Language Unique Citations:

Language No.

English 113

French 2

German 1

Portuguese 1

Russian 3

6.3.4 ADS Unique Citations:

ADS only returned 15 unique citations (the lowest return of the four bibliographic tools

analysed), and was the only citation database not to return a unique citation for every

publication year (see Table 23 below). Indeed, as can be seen, ADS generated no unique

citations for 2008 or 2009.

Table 23: ADS Unique Citations by Publication Year:


2005 5

2006 2

2007 2

2008 0

2009 0

2010 1

2011 5

49

Of the 15 unique citations ADS did return, it can be seen from Table 24, that 9 were journal

source types (all of which were JCR journals). Indeed a good example of this is the selected

article: 3.2 Antiproton fluxes from light neutralinos, which appears in Physical Review D and

is cited by: Do current WIMP direct measurements constrain light relic neutralinos? Which

also appears in Physical Review D.

The other source types returned were: 2 book and 4 web.

Table 24: ADS Unique Citations by Source Type:

Source Type No.

Book 2

Journal 9

Web 4

6.3.5 Summary of unique citations and comparative analysis:

Above has briefly shown the distribution of unique citations across: database, document type,

source type, and publication years. It has also tried to explain the reason for the more

obvious unique citations. Thus it can be seen that: unique citations tend to mirror (bar a few

anomalies) all citation publication year output (please see Line Chart 3 below); that web

source type makes up the largest amount of unique citations overall (please see Bar Chart 2);

and that Google Scholar produces considerably the largest quantity of unique citations.

However, the above has also demonstrated that many of the unique citations cannot be

explained by this analysis, and that various unique citations are produced by high impact

academic journals, and is indicative, perhaps, of bibliographic tool parsing and coverage

problems.

50

Line Chart 3: Unique citations by database and publication year:

Bar Chart 2: Unique Citations by database and source type.

6.3.6 Further unique citation analysis:

Below will look further into the unresolved unique citations, analysing source titles further to

understand why a citation has been generated by one database but not the other three. In

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

s

Year

WoS

Scopus

GS

ADS

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

WoS Scopus GS ADS

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

s

Database

NEWSLETTER

WEB

JOURNAL

BOOK

51

doing so it hopes to resolve and highlight issues of database problems and deficiencies in

coverage and citation.

6.3.7 Further analysis: Web of Science Unique Citations:

The reason for the correction produced unique citation in the journal ICARUS for Web of

Science has already been ascertained. This leaves 38 unique citations to analyse.

Table 25 (below) shows the source title, source type, and the number of unique citations that

source title produced for the Web of Science database. Thus it can see that in the book

source type: AIP Conference Proceedings returned seven unique citations – the highest

return. And in journals: Astronomy Letters – A Journal of Astronomy and Space Astrophysics

returned 5 unique citations; and Space Weather – The International Journal of Research and

Applications 2 unique citations.

Table 25: List of unique citations produced by source title for Web of Science Database:

SOURCE TITLE SOURCE

TYPE NO.

AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK 7

ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES BOOK 1

ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK 3 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY - PROCEEDINGS BOOK 1 MEDCOAST 07: EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT, VOLS 1 AND 2 BOOK 1

NATO SCIENCE SERIES, SERIES II: MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY BOOK 1

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME DESIGN ENGINEERING DIVISION 2005, PTS A AND B BOOK 1

SAAS-FEE ADVANCED COURSE BOOK 1

ARTIFICIAL CELLS BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 1

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL 1

ASTRONOMY LETTERS-A JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND SPACE ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL 5

CHINESE JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL 1

COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS JOURNAL 1

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION JOURNAL 1

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B JOURNAL 1

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS JOURNAL 1

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL JOURNAL 1

52

OCEANOGRAPHY JOURNAL 1

PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI JOURNAL 1

PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE JOURNAL 1

PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS JOURNAL 1

PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS JOURNAL 1

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN JOURNAL 1

SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS JOURNAL 2

SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS JOURNAL 1

For the book source type: five of the generated source titles are unique to Web of Science in

this study. These include: International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology;

Medcoast 07; NATO Science Series; Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Division;

and SAAS-FEE Advanced Course. This means that none of these book series were returned

by the other three tools in this study.

The Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings returned three unique citations for Web of

Science and seven citations in the total study. Indeed, the only database not to return a

citation from this source title was Scopus. Interestingly, however, three of these seven

citations did not appear on Web of Science either. The two remaining book source titles were

also covered by the other databases in this study. It can therefore be deduced that these book

source titles indicate to problems of coverage for all databases.

However, if we look at the full bibliographic data, it can be seen that three of the citations

from AIP Conference Proceedings are the same article (Adaptive grids simulations of ionized

flows) and are cited by three individual articles in Journal 5 (Revista Mexicana De

Astronomia Y Astrofisica). If we then examine Revista Mexicana De Astronomia Y

Astrofisica we can deduce for this journal that 4 citations were generated by the AIP source

title for this journal which means that Web of Science generated 75.00 % of the AIP citations

on its own. The same applies to Journal 3 (Physical Review D) where 3 of the 11 produced

53

AIP citations are generated by Web of Science uniquely. This could indicate, therefore, to

specific selected journal coverage areas which are problematic for the other three databases.

Of the journal source type unique citations eight are unique to Web of Science in this study.

These include: Artificial Cells Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology; Cochrane Database of

System Reviews; High Energy Physics and Nuclear Physics; International Journal of Modern

Physics B; Oceanography; Plasma Physics Reports; Scientific American; and Spectroscopy

and Spectral Analysis.

The remaining journal source titles were all present on the other databases (which will be

examined further in section 6.4). This would indicate, therefore, that these unique citations

are the result, again, of incorrect indexing by the bibliographic tools or varying coverage

periods.

6.3.8 Further analysis: Scopus Unique Citations:

There are 30 unique citations still unexplained in Scopus. These are listed in Table 26. Of

these 15 are book source titles and 15 journal source titles.

Of the book source titles: 3 are unique to Scopus, these include: DLR; Proceedings of SPIE;

and Proceedings of the 11th

Symposium on Neutron and Ion Dosimetry. None of the other

databases return a citation from these source titles within this study.

Lecture Notes in Physics returned 4 citations in total and is a source title only cited by Scopus

and Google Scholar. The three remaining titles are all covered by the other databases. This

would suggest, again, that the production of Scopus‘ unique citations is related to both

Scopus‘ wide source coverage, and the incomplete indexing and parsing of citations by its

competitors.

54

Of the journal source: 5 titles are unique to Scopus, these include: Astronomy and

Geophysics; Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences; EROS; Journal of Futures Studies;

and Transactions of the Aeronautical and Astronautical Society of the Republic of China.

The remaining four titles are all cited by the other databases within this study.

Indeed, what the table below demonstrates is that many of the unique journal citations are

from respected publications. In fact, 27.03% of Scopus‘ unique citations are generated from

the ICARUS journal (a selected journal for this study). It demonstrates, again, therefore, that

there could be particular issues for individual databases with regard individual journal

citations.

Table 26: List of unique citations produced by source title for Scopus Database:

SOURCE TITLE SOURCE

TYPE NO.


DLR DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. - FORSCHUNGSBERICHTE BOOK 1

LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS BOOK 1

PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE - THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING BOOK 1

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON NEUTRON AND ION DOSIMETRY BOOK 1

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION BOOK 9

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS BOOK 1

ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL 2

ASTRONOMY AND GEOPHYSICS JOURNAL 1

BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS JOURNAL 2

EROS JOURNAL 1

ICARUS JOURNAL 4

JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS JOURNAL 1

JOURNAL OF FUTURES STUDIES JOURNAL 1

SOLAR PHYSICS JOURNAL 1 ZHONGGUO HANGKONG TAIKONG XUEHUI HUIKAN/TRANSACTIONS OF THE AERONAUTICAL AND ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA JOURNAL 2

55

6.3.9 Further analysis: Google Scholar Unique Citations:

Previously Google Scholar‘s unique citations were analysed by document type and language,

and resolved 32 of GS‘s unique citations. Below analyses the remaining 88 citations via

source title and source type.

Table 27 (below) shows Google Scholar‘s unique book citations. Of these 23 were unique

source titles cited by Google Scholar (85.19%). The four that appeared in one of the other

four databases were: AIP Proceedings; Lecture Notes in Physics; Proceeding of the

International Astronomical Union; and Protostars and Planets V (which is cited 4 times, 3 of

which are GS unique). The table, therefore, demonstrates Google Scholars wide and

extensive book source indexing compared to its competitors.

Table 27: List of unique book citations produced by source title for Google Scholar Database:

Source Title Source Type No.

ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE PHYSICS BOOK 1

AERONOMY OF THE EARTH'S BOOK 1


COMETS, AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM BOOK 1

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF COMPLEXITY AND SYSTEMS SCIENCE BOOK 1

ENERGY BUDGET IN THE HIGH ENERGY UNIVERSE BOOK 1

EXOPLANETS BOOK 1

EXTREME HABITATS AND ASTROBIOLOGY BOOK 1

IO AFTER GALILEO BOOK 2

ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS BOOK 1

ISSI SCIENTIFIC REPORTS SERIES BOOK 1

LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS 2010 BOOK 1

ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE BOOK 1

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION BOOK 1

PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK 3 RECONNECTION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AND COLLISIONLESS THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS BOOK 1

SATURN BOOK 3

SATURN FROM CASSINI BOOK 1

SILICON NANOCRYSTALS BOOK 1

SOLAR SYSTEM UPDATE BOOK 2

SPACE WEATHER-PHYSICS AND EFFECTS BOOK 1

56

THE EARTH AS A DISTANT PLANET BOOK 1

THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK BOOK 1

THE UNIVERSE IN X-RAYS BOOK 1

TITAN: EXPLORING AN EARTHLIKE WORLD BOOK 1

URANUS, NEPTUNE, AND PLUTO AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM BOOK 1

WATER IN THE UNIVERSE BOOK 1

With regard unique journal citations, Table 28 demonstrates Google Scholar‘s returned

unique citations. Of these only four were unique to Google Scholar in this study, and again

demonstrates a ubiquitous problem of varied indexing and sourcing across the databases.

The unique source titles that were generated by Google Scholar, in this study, are: A Journal

for the History and Philosophy of Science; Forum Philosophicum; Journal of Astronomical

Data; and The Sun, The Solar Wind, and the Heliosphere. None of which appear on the

Journal Citation Report for 2010.

Table 28: List of unique journal citations produced by source title for Google Scholar

Database:

Source Title Source Type No. A JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE JOURNAL 1 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL 2 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS JOURNAL 1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL 1 FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM JOURNAL 1 GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS JOURNAL 1 GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS JOURNAL 1 JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL DATA JOURNAL 1 JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL 2 JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS JOURNAL 1 PHYSICS LETTERS B JOURNAL 1 SERBIAN ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL 1 SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS JOURNAL 2 SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS JOURNAL 3 THE SUN, THE SOLAR WIND, AND THE HELIOSPHERE JOURNAL 1

Google Scholar, as discussed, produced many web source citations (Table 29 shows these).

The reason for many of these sources being unique, therefore, is because Google Scholar (as

57

we have seen) is the only database, along with ADS, that effectively parses the web for

citations and considers web sources appropriate for citation purposes. However, if these

sources are examined, it can be seen that many of them come from reputable sources (i.e.

ARXIV, Citeseer, Harvard.edu) and are, in many cases, justifiable citations. Indeed it brings

to focus the current importance of databases unifying an approach in regard to what is

appropriate in web sources and what criteria (i.e. webometric page view data) should be

gauged.

Table 29: List of unique journal citations produced by Web source titles for Google Scholar

Database:

Source Title Source Type No.

209.200.88.159 WEB 1

ARXIV WEB 7

ASTRO.WASHINGTON.EDU WEB 1

BERKELEY.EDU WEB 1

CDAW.GSFC.NASA.GOV WEB 1

CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS WEB 2

CITESEER WEB 1

COPERNICUS WEB 1

DTIC DOCUMENT WEB 2

ELIB.DLR.DE WEB 1

FAS.HARVARD.EDU WEB 1

IFA.HAWAII.EDU WEB 1

INF.BRAD.AC.UK WEB 1

JOURNAL SUBMISSION WEB 1

LIBEPRINTS.OPEN.AC.UK WEB 1

MARS JOURNAL WEB 1

MEETINGORGANIZER.COPERNICUS.ORG WEB 1

OSTI.GOV WEB 1

PSI.EDU WEB 1

ROBOTICS.ESTEC.ESA.INT WEB 1

SCIENCE.NASA.GOV WEB 1

SKADS-EU.ORG WEB 1

TIFR.RES.IN WEB 1

VORTEX.MCS.ST-AND.AC.UK WEB 2

WATERGEEK.NET WEB 1

WSCG.ZCU.CZ WEB 1

58

6.3.10 Further analysis: ADS Unique Citations:

ADS returned 15 unique citations (these are listed in Table 30); of these none were produced

by unique source titles. The book and journal source titles were covered by all four

databases, and the web source titles were cited by Google Scholar within this study.

Table 30: List of unique journal citations produced by ADS Database:

Source Title Source Type No. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES BOOK 1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION 2, IAU SYMPOSIUM BOOK 1

PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL 4 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS JOURNAL 1 THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL 1 MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 2 THE ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL 1

CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS, TALKS FROM THE CONFERENCE HELD 25 JUNE 2006 WEB 1 ARXIV WEB 3

6.3.11 Summary of Unique Citations:

The above has identified some of the source titles unique to each database (and in the analysis

prior explained unique citations in relation to document type and language). In doing so it

has clarified many of the unique citations. Thus, it has established that Google Scholar‘s web

unique citations are the product of its independent approach to web based citations; that many

of the book sources are the product of unique source titles; and that unique journal sources

are of variegated impact.

However, what it has also shown is that there is a problem of indexing and citation retrieval

within all databases studied (and for all of the source types); problems which cannot be

explained obviously by publication coverage or journal coverage, but rather identifies

problems, anomalies, errors, and gaps.

59

The latter part of the next section will analyse the journal source type to try and better

understand this citation distribution.

6.4 Section Four: Source and Document Type:

Above has analysed why a citation appeared in one database but not the other three; below

will expand on this to analyse why a citation does not appear on one of the databases (by

analysing citations generated by the largest source type: journals), but does on multiple

others. It will first, however, give a summary and analysis of source and document type

distribution in total, and across the individual bibliographic tools.

6.4.1 Source Type Analysis:

Of the 1876 citations returned 1523 were generated from journals (81.57% of all citations),

and shows comprehensively that most citations for Astronomy and Astrophysics papers are

generated by journal source types (please see Table 31 below).

Table 31: Citations by source type:

Source Type No.

Book 190

Journal 1523

Newsletter 1

Web 162

Total 1867

Books produced the second largest number of citations with 190 returned (10.18%); then web

source type with 162 (8.68%); and finally Newsletter generating 1 citation (a rarity generated

by Google Scholar and produced by the Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility).

60

6.4.2 Book Source Type Citations:

Book source type produced 190 citations (all of which are English Language type). Table 32

shows the document type breakdown of this source. Thus, of these 130 were conference

paper document type (68.42% of all book source type citations), 44 Article document type

(23.16%), and 16 Reviews (8.42%).

Table 32: Book Source Document Type Citations:

Document Type No.

Article 44

Conference 130

Review 16

Google Scholar generated the most book source type citations and Scopus the lowest (see

Table 33 and Bar Chart 3 below), although as Bar Chart 3 shows Web of Science, Scopus,

and ADS returned very similar data.

Table 33 also demonstrates that to generate the most book source type citations, using two

databases, Web of Science and Google Scholar should be used in conjunction: returning 173

of the 190 citations (which mirrors the overall citation generation discussed in 6.1.4).

Table 33: Book Source citations by database:

WoS S GS ADS WoS, S WoS, GS WoS, ADS

Total 81 78 137 85 122 173 133

% 42.63 41.05 72.11 44.74 64.21 91.05 70.00

WoS, S, GS WoS, S, ADS WoS, GS,

ADS S, GS S, GS, ADS S, ADS GS, ADS WoS, S, GS,

ADS

188 157 175 167 172 133 142 190

98.95 82.63 92.11 87.89 90.53 70.00 74.74 100.00

61

Bar Chart 3: Book Source Citations by database:

Table 33, also, shows that if only the free-to-use bibliographic tools were used, more citations

would be generated (74.74% representing 142 citation) than by using the two commercial

databases (64.21%, 122 citations).

6.4.3 Journal Source Type Citations:

Journal citations account for 1523 of the citations returned (of these only one non-English

language source was generated – the Russian article noted in 6.2.5)

Table 34 shows the document breakdown of the journal source, and shows that Articles

represent the largest document quantity of journal source type returns (83.45%), with

Reviews and Conference Papers returning 164 (10.77%) and 80 (5.25%) citations

respectively. The remaining 8 citations are: 1 Correction, 6 Editorial documents, and 1 News

Item document type.

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

WoS Scopus GS ADS

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

s

Databases

62

Table 34: Journal Source Document Type Citations:

Document Type No. Article 1271 Conference 80 Correction 1 Editorial 6 News Item 1 Review 164

The journal source type data returned, by the four bibliographic tools, is much closer than the

other source types (and closer than the overall data analysed in section 6.1). This is,

primarily, because, Web of Science, ADS, and Scopus concentrate on journal citation data,

whilst GS permits itself a much wider remit (as discussed above).

Thus, if the data is analysed (please see Table 35 below) it can be seen that although Google

Scholar, again, returns the most data (1389 citations), there is only a 47 citation variation

between Google Scholar and two of the other databases analysed: Web of Science and ADS.

Scopus, again, returns the fewest citations (1220).

Table 35: Journal Source Citations by database:


Total 1342 1220 1389 1342 1406 1496 1475

% 88.12 80.11 91.20 88.12 92.32 98.23 96.85



ADS

1514 1502 1507 1482 1500 1460 1455 1523

99.41 98.62 98.95 97.31 98.49 95.86 95.54 100.00

The data in Table 35 also shows that if two databases were to be used to return citations, the

best combination would be Web of Science and Google Scholar (which would return 98.23%

63

of all journal citations for the selected articles). And, again, demonstrates, that the free-to-use

databases, in conjunction, would provide more citations than the two commercial databases

1455 and 1406 respectively.

Therefore what the above shows is that journals are the dominant means by which

Astrophysics and Astronomy papers are cited. That all four databases return more journal

citations than any other source type. And that the journal citation returns are close.

6.4.4 Web Source Type Citations:

Web citations represent 162 of all citations returned in this study (and all but one of the non-

English language citations).

As can be seen in Table 36, Web source citations consist primarily of E-Print documents

(55.56%), Dissertations (20.37%), and Conference Papers (12. 96%). With: Articles,

Reports, and Proposals returning a combined 11.11% of all web citations.

Table 36: Web Source Document Type Citations:

Document Type No.

Article 13

Conference 21

Dissertation 33

E-Print 90

Proposal 1

Report 4

Web source coverage, as can be seen in Table 37, is predominantly provided for by Google

Scholar (which is no surprise considering its origins). But is, also, supported by ADS: which

returns 86 web source citations. Web source material is not supported at all (to-date) by Web

of Science, and only marginally by Scopus, which returns 13 citations.

64

Table 37: Web Source Citations by database:


Total 0 13 151 86 13 151 86

% 0.00 8.02 93.21 53.09 8.02 93.21 53.09



ADS

158 97 155 158 162 97 155 162

97.53 59.88 95.68 97.53 100.00 59.88 95.68 100.00

What the above Table 37 and web source data shows, therefore, is that as a domain on its

own, web published material is not considered appropriate for citation data in Astrophysics

and Astronomy by Web of Science or Scopus. Indeed, it could be argued, that the scholarly

community also, do not yet, perceive web citations as appropriate for academic papers. This

is not to say, however, that material is not viewed over the web but, rather if it is, is done so

with journal or book publication credence attachment.

It has already been discussed that citation databases will have to establish a web based

citation criteria in the future – and the importance this will play in establishing consistent and

regarded citations – as open access and various e-print materials proliferate. But at present is

still too diverse in Google Scholars retrieval model.

6.4.5 Summary of Source Type Analysis:

Above has demonstrated that Google Scholar returns the most citations for all source types;

that journals are the dominant means of citation; that journal citations are covered relatively

evenly by all four databases; and that web based published sources are still not perceived as

65

appropriate citations within the field of Astronomy and Astrophysics. All of this is further

illustrated by Bar Chart 4 below.

Bar Chart 4: Database Source Type citation returns

The source type analysis has, also, extrapolated on document type within source type. Thus it

can be seen that, if amalgamated (as in Table 38 and Bar Chart 5), Google Scholar generates

more citations for most document types. And is the only database to return proposal and

reports as citations.

Table 38: Document Type Citations by Databases:

Source Type Wos Scopus GS Ads Total

Article 1099 1019 1214 1139 1328

Conference 153 129 173 149 231

Correction 1 0 0 0 1

Dissertation 0 11 27 2 33

Editorial 6 4 7 4 7

E-Print 0 1 87 67 90

News Item 1 1 1 1 1

Proposal 0 0 1 0 1

Report 0 0 4 0 4

Review 163 146 164 151 180

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

WoS Scopus GS ADS

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

s

Databases

Book

Journal

Newsletter

Web

66

Bar chart 5: Percentage of citations for document type by database:

For the two document types where Google Scholar does not return the most citations, Web of

Science does, returning: 1 correction (the only correction document type return) and 6

editorial document citations.

It can also be seen that Articles, Conferences, and Reviews remain the most traditional

citation methods across all four databases.

6.4.6 Further Journal Citation analysis:

As noted above 81.57% of all citations generated were from a journal source type. For this

reason this source will be examined further to ascertain the reason for citation inclusion and

absence on databases. It will examine publication titles (generated by this study) in relation

to database, and analyse the data in groups to see which database returns the most citations.

Group One will examine journal titles which generated ≥ 25 citations; Group Two 10 – 24

citations; Group Three 5 – 10 citations; and Group Four ≤ 4 citations.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

C

i

t

a

t

i

o

n

s

%

Document Type

ADS

GS

Scopus

WoS

67

It is believed that due to the large returned journal dataset, and the parity across the databases

in coverage, this will yield the most interesting results.

6.4.7 Group One (≥ 25):

In this study 207 individual journal titles were referenced by all databases. Of these 11

journals were cited 25 times, or more, by all the databases, returning 874 of the 1523 journal

citations obtained (57.39%).

Table 39: Journal Publications and the number of citations returned by each database

(including total):

Journal Publications Total

Citations WoS Scopus GS ADS

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 195 183 155 192 193

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 126 109 110 124 126

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 124 115 108 118 118

PHYSICAL REVIEW D 120 112 103 83 120

ICARUS 116 111 115 110 111

PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE 42 41 41 39 39

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 36 36 29 33 33

JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS 35 30 26 34 34

BALTIC ASTRONOMY 30 27 28 28 28 ASTRONOMY LETTERS-A JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND SPACE ASTROPHYSICS 25 24 10 19 19

SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 25 22 21 25 23

TOTAL 874 810 746 805 844

Table 39 (above) lists these eleven most cited journals and documents the total citations

returned by each. Of this group the Astrophysical Journal returned the most results (12.80%

of all journal citations), followed by: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

(8.27%), Astronomy and Astrophysics (8.14%), Physical Review D (7.88%), and ICARUS

(7.62%). Indeed these top five journals return significantly more results than the other citing

journals in this study, returning 681 citations (44.71% of all journal citations).

68

Table 39 also demonstrates the number of citations returned from each database for each

journal. Thus if we look at the total we can see that for this group ADS returns the most

citations with 844, Web of Science returns 810, Google Scholar 805, and Scopus 746. This

figure therefore shows that, for returning data for the higher cited journals, ADS performed

the best, returning 96.57% of the 874 citations.

We can also see from the above data that: ADS returned all of the citations generated by

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society and Physical Review D. That Web of

Science returned all citations for the Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics. And

that Google Scholar returned all obtained citations for Space Science Reviews.

With regard low returns we can see that Google Scholar returned a low citation count for

Physical Review D (only 69.17%); and that Scopus returned a significantly low citation count

for Astronomy Letters (40.00%).

What the above shows therefore is that for the return of citations from the higher cited

journals, ADS and Web of Science perform the best, and Scopus the worst. And that even

amongst the highly respected journals there is gaps in coverage.

6.4.8 Group Two (10 - 24):

Table 40 (below) shows the second tier of citing journals (those that produced 10 – 24

citations). In this group 20 journals returned citations within range, producing a total of 276

citations (18.12% of all journal citations).

Of this group the Astronomical Journal, and Physics Letters B, returned the most citations,

each returning 22. This was followed by the: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle

Physics (20 citations); Space Weather (18 citations); and Physics of Plasmas (17 citations).

69


(including total):



ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL 22 22 20 22 22

PHYSICS LETTERS B 22 17 14 21 20

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS 20 18 14 19 20 SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 18 14 7 15 8

PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 17 16 15 17 16

NUCLEAR PHYSICS A 16 7 9 16 14

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA 15 15 13 14 15

ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN 14 12 11 14 13

ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE 13 10 10 13 13

JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS 13 13 13 13 4

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 12 11 10 12 11

ASTRONOMY REPORTS 11 8 6 10 11

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES 11 11 8 9 11

CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY 11 9 10 11 11

NUCLEAR PHYSICS B 11 5 5 11 11

ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 10 9 9 10 10

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS 10 9 9 10 9

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS 10 9 9 9 2

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A 10 10 9 10 9

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS D 10 8 7 8 8

TOTAL 276 233 208 264 238

Table 40 also returns the number of citations generated by each database. Thus it can be seen

that of the 276 total citations returned in this group, Google Scholar returned 264 (95.65%);

ADS returned 238 (86.23%), Web of Science 233 (84.42%), and Scopus 208 (75.36%).

Table 40, also, demonstrates the performance of each database in relation to the individual

journal. Thus it can be seen that for the Astronomical Journal: Web of Science, Google

Scholar and ADS all return all possible citations for this publication, whilst Scopus only

returns 90.91% of citations. Indeed Google Scholar returns 100.00 % of all citations for

twelve publications in this group. Whilst ADS returns nine journals with full coverage, Web

of Science five, and Scopus one.

70

Whilst Google Scholar never returns less than 80.00 % coverage for a publication in this

group, the other databases have several positions of poor coverage. Thus: ADS returns only

20.00% of all obtained citations for Geophysical and Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics; 30.77%

for the Journal of Fluid Mechanics (a journal which the other three databases returned

100.00% of citations); and 44.44% for Space Weather. Web of Science, too, returns a small

fraction of coverage for: Nuclear Physics A (43.75%) and Nuclear Physics B (45.45%). And

Scopus returns: 38.89% coverage for Space Weather; 45.45% of Nuclear Physics B; 54.55%

of Astronomy Reports; 56.25% for Nuclear Physics A; and 63.64% of Physics Letters B.

For this group of journals, therefore, it can be seen that Google Scholar returns considerably

better data, whilst the others all (and particularly Scopus) appear to have deficiency in

coverage.

6.4.9 Group Three (5 – 10):

Group three (of journals with 5 to 10 citations) consists of nineteen journals and represents

7.75% of all journal citations.

Table 41 lists these nineteen journals, and shows that: Journal of Physics; Nature; and

Publication of the Astronomical Society of Japan return the most citations for this group.


(including total):



JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL 8 5 2 7 7

NATURE 8 7 7 8 8

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 8 7 6 8 8

EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS 7 7 7 7 6

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ASTROBIOLOGY 7 5 6 7 4

PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS 7 6 6 6 6 PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC 7 7 6 7 7

SCIENCE 7 7 7 7 4

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 6 6 6 6 6

71

ASTROBIOLOGY 6 6 6 6 6

PHYSICS OF FLUIDS 6 6 6 6 6

SOLAR PHYSICS 6 5 6 5 5

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C 5 5 3 5 5

GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION 5 4 2 5 5

JBIS-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOCIETY 5 5 4 4 0

JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES 5 5 5 5 5

PHYSICAL REVIEW A 5 4 4 5 4

PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 5 4 4 4 5

SERBIAN ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL 5 0 2 5 4

TOTAL 118 101 95 113 101

Table 41, also, shows that Google Scholar returns 113 of the 118 articles (95.76%) published

by these grouped publications, and is the highest returning database again. Web of Science

and ADS return 101 articles (85.59%); and Scopus 95 (80.51%).

With regard individual journal coverage, it can be seen that Google Scholar returns maximum

citations for fourteen journals; ADS ten; Web of Science nine; and Scopus seven. It can also

be seen that for: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Astrobiology; Physics of

Fluids; and Journal of Atmospheric Science, all databases return maximum citations.

In terms of low database citation coverage, it can be seen that Web of Science returns zero

citations for the Serbian Astronomical Journal, and only 62.50% for the Journal of Physics

A. ADS provides zero coverage of JBIS and only 57.14% for the International Journal of

Astrobiology. And Scopus, too, provides little coverage for: Journal of Physics A (25.00%);

European Physical Journal C (60.00%); General Relativity and Gravitation (40.00%); and

the Serbian Astronomical Journal (40.00%).

Indeed the above shows that although the relative total coverage is quite even, the zero

coverage of citations from Web of Science and ADS is surprising.

72

6.4.10 Group Four (≤ 4):

Group four presents the largest amount of publications, as 157 journal publications produced

less than five citations (of these 97 returned one citation; 32 two citations; 18 three citations;

and 10 four citations). It is also the group where the lowest database coverage‘s are provided

and demonstrate the most diversity.

Table 42: Part One: Journal Publications and the number of citations returned by each

database (including total):



CHINESE JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 4 2 2 3 2

GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA 4 4 4 2 0

LASER PHYSICS 4 2 4 4 3

METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE 4 4 4 4 3

NEW ASTRONOMY 4 4 4 4 3

NUCLEAR PHYSICS B-PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENTS 4 2 3 4 4

PHYSICS LETTERS A 4 3 2 4 4

PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS 4 2 0 3 3

PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT 4 4 2 3 4

RADIO SCIENCE 4 4 1 3 3

ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA B 3 3 3 3 3

ASTROPHYSICAL BULLETIN 3 1 1 3 3

ASTROPHYSICS 3 3 3 3 3

COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS 3 3 1 3 3

CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY SKALNATE PLESO 3 3 3 2 2

DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY 3 3 3 1 1

FLUID DYNAMICS RESEARCH 3 2 2 3 2

IZVESTIYA-PHYSICS OF THE SOLID EARTH 3 2 3 3 2

JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS 3 3 1 3 2

NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS 3 3 3 3 2

OCEAN MODELLING 3 3 3 2 2

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 3 3 2 3 0

PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA 3 3 2 3 3

PHYSICA SCRIPTA 3 3 3 2 3

PHYSICAL REVIEW C 3 3 1 2 3

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA 3 3 3 1 1

RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 3 3 3 3 3

SOLAR SYSTEM RESEARCH 3 2 1 3 3

AMERICAN MINERALOGIST 2 2 2 2 0

73

ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS REVIEW 2 2 2 2 2

ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS 2 1 2 1 1

BULGARIAN ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL 2 0 0 2 2

BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS 2 0 2 0 0

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2 2 2 1 2

CHINESE PHYSICS C 2 2 1 2 2

EARTH MOON AND PLANETS 2 1 1 1 1

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS 2 1 2 2 2

EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY 2 1 1 2 2

FARADAY DISCUSSIONS 2 1 2 2 2

GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL 2 1 2 2 1

JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS 2 1 2 1 1

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY 2 0 0 2 0

JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS 2 2 1 2 2

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY 2 2 2 2 2

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES 2 0 2 2 1

JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS 2 1 2 2 0

MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS A 2 2 2 2 2

OBSERVATORY 2 2 2 0 0

PHYSICAL REVIEW B 2 2 2 1 2

PHYSICAL REVIEW E 2 2 1 1 2

PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI 2 2 0 1 1

PHYSICS-USPEKHI 2 2 1 2 2

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2 2 2 2 1

RADIATION MEASUREMENTS 2 2 1 2 0

REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS 2 2 2 2 2

REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS 2 2 1 2 2

REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS 2 2 2 1 2

SCIENCE CHINA PHYSICS 2 0 0 2 2

SYMMETRY INTEGRABILITY AND GEOMETRY-METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2 2 2 2 2

ZHONGGUO HANGKONG TAIKONG XUEHUI HUIKAN/TRANSACTIONS OF THE AERONAUTICAL AND ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA 2 0 2 0 0

The divided Table 42 (above and below) demonstrates the long list of low citing publications

this study found. From these it can be seen that there is a lot of variegation in return and

uniqueness of output. Indeed it interesting to see some of the journal titles that are citing

articles based in Astronomy and could be of interest to see how some of these citations are

connected.

74

Table 42: Part Two: Journal Publications and the number of citations returned by each

database (including total):



A JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 1 0 0 1 0

ACTA ASTRONAUTICA 1 1 0 1 0

ACTA ASTRONOMICA 1 0 0 1 0

ACTA GEOPHYSICA 1 1 1 1 1

ADVANCES IN ASTROBIOLOGY AND BIOGEOPHYSICS 1 0 1 1 0

ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY 1 0 1 1 1

ANNALEN DER PHYSIK 1 1 0 1 1

ANNUAL REVIEW OF FLUID MECHANICS 1 1 1 1 1

ARTIFICIAL CELLS BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 1 1 0 0 0

ASTRONOMICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL TRANSACTIONS 1 0 0 1 1

ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES 1 1 0 1 1

ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1

BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 1 1 0 1 1

CELESTIAL MECHANICS & DYNAMICAL ASTRONOMY 1 1 1 0 0

CHAOS 1 1 1 1 1

CHEMIE DER ERDE-GEOCHEMISTRY 1 1 1 0 0

CHINESE PHYSICS LETTERS 1 1 1 1 1

COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 1 1 0 0 0

COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS 1 0 0 1 1

DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 1 1 1 1 0

ENDEAVOUR 1 1 0 1 0

ENTROPY 1 0 1 1 0

EPL 1 1 1 1 1

EROS 1 0 1 0 0

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A 1 1 0 1 1

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B 1 1 1 1 1

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL D 1 1 0 1 0

EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS 1 1 1 1 1

FORTSCHRITTE DER PHYSIK-PROGRESS OF PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1

FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM 1 0 0 1 0

FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS 1 1 0 1 1

GEOBIOLOGY 1 1 1 1 0

GEOLOGY 1 1 1 1 0

GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL 1 1 1 1 0

GEOSPHERE 1 1 0 1 0

GRAVITATION AND ASTROPHYSICS: ON THE OCCASION OF THE 90TH YEAR OF GENERAL RELATIVITY 1 1 0 1 0

HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY 1 1 1 1 1

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION 1 1 0 0 0

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY 1 0 1 1 1

75

INFORMATION BULLETIN ON VARIABLE STARS 1 0 1 1 1

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMETRIC METHODS IN MODERN PHYSICS 1 1 1 0 0

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING 1 1 1 1 0

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B 1 1 0 0 0

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS E-NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1 1 0 1 0

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1

IZVESTIYA ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1

JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS AND TECHNICAL PHYSICS 1 1 0 1 1

JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL DATA 1 0 0 1 0

JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCE 1 1 1 1 0

JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 1 1 1 1 0

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1

JOURNAL OF FUTURES STUDIES 1 0 1 0 0

JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE 1 1 1 1 0

JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY 1 1 1 0 0

JOURNAL OF MARINE RESEARCH 1 1 0 1 0

JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS 1 1 1 1 0

JOURNAL OF NAVIGATION 1 1 1 0 0

JOURNAL OF OPTICS A-PURE AND APPLIED OPTICS 1 1 1 1 1

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS 1 1 0 1 1

JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER 1 1 1 1 0

JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS 1 1 0 1 1

JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT 1 1 1 1 1

JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF LUNAR & PLANETARY OBSERVERS 1 0 0 1 1

JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL METEOR ORGANIZATION 1 0 0 1 1

JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY 1 1 1 0 0

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY 1 1 1 1 1

JOURNAL OF TURBULENCE 1 1 1 0 0

KINEMATICS AND PHYSICS OF CELESTIAL BODIES 1 1 1 1 1

LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY 1 1 1 1 0

LIVING REVIEWS IN RELATIVITY 1 1 1 1 1

MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY 1 1 1 0 0

NATURAL HAZARDS 1 1 1 1 0

NATURE PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1

NDT & E INTERNATIONAL 1 1 1 1 0

OCEANOGRAPHY 1 1 0 0 0

PEREMENNYE ZVEZDY PRILOZHENIE 1 0 0 1 1

PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MINERALS 1 1 0 1 0

PHYSICS OF THE EARTH AND PLANETARY INTERIORS 1 1 1 1 1

PHYSICS REPORTS 1 0 0 1 1

PLANT SCIENCE 1 1 1 1 0

76

PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS 1 1 0 0 0

PRIRODA 1 0 0 1 1

PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1 0 0 1 1

QUANTUM MECHANICS OF FUNDAMENTAL SYSTEMS: THE QUEST FOR BEAUTY AND SIMPLICITY, CLAUDIO BUNSTER FESTSCHRIFT 1 1 0 1 0

REGULAR & CHAOTIC DYNAMICS 1 1 1 1 0

SCIENCE CHINA-PHYSICS MECHANICS & ASTRONOMY 1 1 1 1 1

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN 1 1 0 0 0

SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY 1 1 1 0 0

SIAM REVIEW 1 1 1 1 0

SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 1 1 1 1 0

SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS 1 1 0 0 0

SURFACE SCIENCE 1 1 1 1 1

TECTONOPHYSICS 1 1 1 0 1

THE SUN, THE SOLAR WIND, AND THE HELIOSPHERE 1 0 0 1 0

THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS 1 1 1 1 1

THEORETICAL AND MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS 1 1 0 1 1

ИЗВЕСТИЯ САРАТОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА 1 0 0 1 0

TOTAL 255 200 172 207 157

Table 42 shows that: Google Scholar, again, returns the most citations, providing coverage

for 207 of the 255 articles found by this study (81.18% of group four). Web of Science

provides the next best return with 200 citations (78.43%). Scopus returns 172 (67.45%); and

ADS 157 citations (61.57%). Examining the data in this way shows us that for the first time

ADS returning the fewest citations, with a surprisingly low percentage score. And, again,

demonstrates that for the collection of all citations a multiple tool approach is required.

6.4.11 Summary of Further Journal Analysis:

The above has demonstrated that, for the higher citing journals group ADS and Web of

Science perform the best. But that when expanded beyond, Google Scholar returns the best

data.

However, it can be also seen that all databases return similar data when analysed in totality,

but at the lower end of returns do vary considerably.

77

The anomalies of coverage and reason for variation are difficult to ascertain. But Meho and

Yang can be echoed when culpability is divided across: database errors, partial indexing, and

varying and incomplete coverage periods (Meho and Yang: 2007). It is not as a satisfactory

answer or conclusion, but does validate the purpose of variegated and combined tool use, and

show the implication of these new databases.

At the lower end of the scale I also believe we can accredit the larger differences to journal

academic value attribution. Indeed interestingly when the top 20 JCR journals are examined

(as in Table 43) we can see that ADS returns the most citations for these publications

(97.55%) and Web of Science the second (93.53%).

Table 43: High Impact Journals and the amount of citations returned by each database

(including total):

JOURNAL IMPACT

RANKING

JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR JOURNAL PUBLICATION TITLE TOTAL WOS SCOPUS GS ADS

1 27.444 ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS 6 6 6 6 6

2 15.438 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS REVIEW 2 2 2 2 2 3 15.199 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES 11 11 8 9 11

4 8.048 ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES 0 0 0 0 0

5 7.436 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 195 183 155 192 193

6 6.497 JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS 20 18 14 19 20

7 4.964 PHYSICAL REVIEW D 120 112 103 83 120 8 4.548 ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL 22 22 20 22 22 9 4.433 SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS 25 22 21 25 23

10 4.41 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 124 115 108 118 118 11 3.813 ICARUS 116 111 115 110 111 12 3.808 ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS 1 1 1 1 1 13 3.491 ACTA ASTRONOMICA 1 0 0 1 0 14 3.386 SOLAR PHYSICS 6 5 6 5 5

15 2.606 PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC 7 7 6 7 7

16 3.098 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY 11 9 10 11 11

17 2.606 PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 8 7 6 8 8

18 2.600 BULLETIN OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA 0 0 0 0 0

19 2.538 GENERAL RELATIVITY AND GRAVITATION 5 4 2 5 5

20 2.500 REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA 15 15 13 14 15

TOTAL 695 650 596 638 678

78

Chapter Seven: Conclusions:

7.1 Conclusion

This study provides useful information to scholars, academics, and librarians who perform

citation and research analysis. It has shown where comparisons and differences occur in

citation production, and surveyed the modern citation landscape. In doing so it has achieved

the aims and objectives set.

This study has analysed the return of citations by the four main bibliographic tools available

to astronomers and astrophysicists. It has tested the hypothesis that: all databases will

produce different data, and that the ADS database will produce the largest number of results

after citation refinement. In doing so it has verified the first half of the assertion but negated

the latter.

It has demonstrated that Google Scholar returns the most citations; but that as a tool could be

interpreted as inefficient. This is because of: firstly its lack of uniformity in presenting

results; secondly, its lack of sortation and manipulation facilities; thirdly, its proclivity

towards citation errors and phantom citations (something this study examined on the

instruction of previous papers and corroborates the findings of: Bar-Ilan, 2008; Falagas et al.,

2008; Kousha and Thelwall, 2007; Norris and Oppenheim, 2007); and finally, because of

these: the time required to analyse the data.

This is further confirmed when it is considered that journal articles and conference papers

remain the most important and pertinent literature within the field, and the most likely to be

accepted and consulted by: academics, research exercises, and bodies attempting to evaluate

academic output and impact (as we have seen). Indeed, if only these two document types are

taken into consideration, it can be seen in Table 44, that Google Scholar‘s mean citation

79

advantage is reduced to only: 0.84 against Web of Science; 1.49 against Scopus; and 0.62

against ADS.

Table 44: Article and Conference Paper Citations by databases:

Document Type Wos Scopus GS Ads Total Article 1099 1019 1214 1139 1328 Conference 153 129 173 149 231 Total 1252 1148 1387 1288 1559

% 80.31 73.64 88.97 82.62 100.00

Article Mean (n=160) 6.87 6.37 7.59 7.12 8.30

Conference Mean (n=160) 0.96 0.81 1.08 0.93 1.44

Total Mean (n=160) 7.83 7.18 8.67 8.05 9.74

The study has also shown that the best dual combination of databases would be Web of

Science and Google Scholar; and that the free-to-use bibliographic tools provide greater dual

citation coverage than the commercial models. Indeed using the combination tool with

Google Scholar helps to clarify most of its citations (should the bibliographic information be

incomplete) and reduces some of the time exertion (discussed above) Google Scholar

requires. The evidence – and the practicality – thus indicates towards multiple tool use.

Overall, therefore, this study has shown that:

1. Google Scholar returned the most citations for the 160 selected articles;

2. The best dual combination of databases for citation provision was Web of Science and

Google Scholar;

3. The free-to-use databases provided better combined coverage than the commercial

databases;

4. None of the ten selected journals were provided with total citation coverage from the

four databases;

80

5. Google Scholar returned more citation data for the high impact selected journals and

the low impact selected journals;

6. Scopus consistently ranked the worst on all analysis;

7. Articles in Astronomy and Astrophysics receive the most citations one year and two

years after publication;

8. Google Scholar and ADS cite more articles for 2011 and therefore seem to keep their

records as up-to-date as possible;

9. None of the databases provided extensive non-English language coverage, but this is

representative of the collaborative nature of the subject and the need for a unified

language of study;

10. All databases returned unique citations, and Google Scholar returned the most.

11. The analysis of unique citations and journal coverage highlighted the problems of

database indexing and parsing, and the problems of varying coverage periods for the

four databases; and

12. The analysis of the top 20 JCR journal citations shows that ADS returns the largest

number of citations from these publications.

Thus to look at the databases, we can see that: although Web of Science remains an

invaluable tool to citation study, it can no longer be solely consulted for citation data (as

identified by Nisonger, 2004); that, although Scopus returned the fewest citations its

usefulness is not eradicated and could be highly recommended as a complimentary tool; that

Google Scholar returns the most citation data and for this reason should be consulted (and

more so, if it resolves its problems of arrangement, sortation, and transparency, could become

the dominant tool); and that ADS provides good all-round coverage of the dominant literature

within the field (specifically the high impact journals).

81

To conclude: it is obvious that the more citation databases consulted the more accurate the

citation landscape16

. As we have seen to use only one of the tools available, in this study,

would have meant that a minimum of 198 citations were lost. Therefore the implication of

these new databases is a better covered citation landscape with a wider range of citing

literature. But it is also not practical to consult all. Therefore what this dissertation has

shown is that the affect of these new citation databases is definitely one of further clarity, but

that this clarity requires time investment. It has also shown the growing importance of a

required consensus regarding web source data.

With regard further study: this study acted upon the instruction of concentrating on Google

Scholar‘s returns and examining them closely for correctness. This study would recommend

that future studies, still, take heed of this advice. It would also recommend that web citations

be analysed closer to see how pre-prints transmute to journal/ book citations. Further study

and comparison should, also, be made between the performances of the databases in relation

to high and low impact journals, and examined using higher cited articles than 25.

Word Count: 18,234.

Registration Number: 100205785

MA Librarianship

Dissertation (INF6000)

16

This corroborates the conclusions of: Bauer and Bakkalbasi, 2005; Bakkalbasi et al., 2006; Franceschet, 2010;

Levine-Clark and Gill, 2009a; Meho, 2007; Meho and Yang, 2007; Noruzi, 2005; Pauly and Stergiou, 2005; and

Yang and Meho, 2006.

82

References:

Abt, H.A (1981). ‗Long term citation histories of Astronomical Papers‘. Publications of the

Astronomical Society of the Pacific (93) pp. 207 – 210.

Abt, H.A. (2004). ‗A Comparison of the Citation Counts in the Science Citation Index and

the NASA Astronomical Data System‘. Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy Vol. 6.

Edited by Andre Heck. pp. 169 – 174. Dordrecht: Springer

Accomazzi, A., Eichhorn, G., Kurtz, M.J., Grant, C., and Murray, S.S. (2000). ‗The NASA

Astrophysics Data System: Architecture‘. Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series

143, pp. 85 – 109.

Accomazzi, A., Eichhorn, G., Kurtz, M.J., Grant, C., Henneken, E., Demleitner, M.,

Thompson, D., Bohlen, E., and Murray, S (2007). ‗Creation and Use of Citations in the

ADS‘. Library and Information Services in Astronomy V (ASP Conference Series). Edited

by: S. Rickets, C. Birdie, and E. Isaksson. pp. 69 – 79. California: Astronomical Society of

the Pacific.

ADS (2011a). ‗Welcome to the Digital Library for Physics and Astronomy‘. [Online]

Available at: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/ (Accessed 19th May 2011).

ADS (2011b). ‗References and Citations Completeness‘ [Online] Available at:

http://adsdoc.harvard.edu/abs_doc/help_pages/citations.html (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Aksnes, D.W. and Taxt, R.E. (2004). ‗Peer reviews and bibliometric indicators: A

comparative study at a Norwegian university‘. Research Evaluation 13 (1), pp. 33 – 41.

Bakkalbasi, N., Bauer, K., Glover, J., and Wang, L. (2006). ‗Three options for citation

tracking: Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science‘. Biomedical Digital Libraries 3 (7).

[Online] Available at: http://www.bio-diglib.com/content/3/1/7 (accessed 19th May 2011).

Bar-Ilan , J. (2008). ‗Which h-index? — A comparison of WoS, Scopus and Google Scholar‘.

Scientometrics 74 (2), pp. 257 – 271.

Bauer, K. and Bakkalbasi, N. (2005). ‗An Examination of Citation Counts in a New

Scholarly Communication Environment‘. D-Lib Magazine 11 (9). [Online] Available at:

http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september05/bauer/09bauer.html (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Belew, R.K. (2005) ‗Scientific impact quantity and quality: Analysis of two sources of

bibliographic data‘. [Online] Available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0504036 (Accessed 11th

May 2011).

Borgman, C.L., and Furner, J. (2002). ‗Scholarly communication and bibliometrics‘. Annual

Review of Information Science and Technology 36, pp. 3 – 72. New Jersey: Information

Today.

http://www.aspbooks.org/a/volumes/article_details/?paper_id=5177

http://www.aspbooks.org/a/volumes/article_details/?paper_id=5177

http://www.akademiai.com/content/101080/?p=eae3c3f7b1d6453fadfbbc1416d18a17&pi=0

83

Bosman, J, Mourik, I. van, Rasch, M.; Sieverts, E., Verhoeff, H. (2006). ‗Scopus reviewed

and compared. The coverage and functionality of the citation database Scopus, including

comparisons with Web of Science and Google Scholar‘. [Online] Available at: http://igitur-

archive.library.uu.nl/DARLIN/2006-1220-200432/Scopus (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Cole, J. and Cole, S. (1971). ‗Measuring the Quality of Sociological Research: problems in

the use of the science citation index‘. The American Sociologist 6, pp. 23 – 29.

Demleitner, M., Kurtz, M., Accomazzi, A., Eichhorn, G., Grant, C. S., and Murray, S. S.

(2004). ‗Automated Resolution of Noisy Bibliographic References‘. Classification,

Clustering, and Data Mining Applications. Edited by D.L Banks. pp. 521 – 530. Berlin:

Springer.

Falagas, M.E., Pitsouni, E.I., Malietzis, G.A. and Pappas, G. (2008). ‗Comparison of

Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar: strengths and weaknesses‘. The

FASEB Journal 22, pp. 338 – 342. [Online] Available at:

http:fasebj.org/cgi/content/abstract/22/2/338 (Accessed 17th

May 2011).

Franceschet, M. (2010). ‗A Comparison of Bibliometric Indicators for Computer Science

Scholars and Journals on Web of Science and Google Scholar‘. Scientometrics 83 (1), pp.

243 – 258.

Funkhouser, E.T. (1996). The evaluative use of citation analysis for communications

journals. Human Communication Research 22(4), pp. 563 – 574.

Gilbert, G.N. (1977). "Referencing as Persuasion". Social Studies of Science, 7 (1), 113-

122.Glänzel, W. (1996). ‗The needs for standards in bibliometric research and technology‘.


Gomez, M. and Martin, F.M. (2007). ‗Evaluating ADS, ISI Web of Knowledge and Scopus

in the Context of Two Astronomy Libraries in Spain‘. Library and Information Services in

Astronomy V (ASP Conference Series). Edited by: S. Rickets, C. Birdie, and E. Isaksson. pp.

175 – 184. California: Astronomical Society of the Pacific.

Goodman, D. and Deis, L. (2005). ‗Web of Science (2004 version) and Scopus‘. The

Charleston Advisor 6 (3) [Online] Available at:

http://www.charlestonco.com/comp.cfm?id=43 (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Google (2011). ‘Inclusion Guidelines’. [Online] Available at:

http://scholar.google.co.uk/intl/en/scholar/inclusion.html (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Grant, C., Accomazzi, A., Eichhorn, G., Kurtz, M.J., and Murray, S.S. (2000). ‗The NASA

Astrophysics Data System: Data Holdings‘. Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series

143, pp. 111 – 135.

http://www.akademiai.com/content/101080/?p=eae3c3f7b1d6453fadfbbc1416d18a17&pi=0

84

Holden, G., Rosenberg, G., and Barker, K. (2005). ‗Bibliometrics: A potential decision

making aid in hiring, reappointment, tenure and promotion decisions‘. Social Work in Health

Care 41 (3–4), pp. 67 – 92.

Jacsó, P. (2005). ‗As we may search — comparison of major features of the Web of Science,

Scopus, and Google Scholar citation-based and citation-enhanced databases‘. Current

Science 89 (9), pp. 1537 – 1547.

Jacsó, P. (2006). ‗Deflated, inflated and phantom citation counts‘. Online Information

Review 30 (3), pp. 297 – 309.

Jacsó, P. (2008). "Google Scholar revisited", Online Information Review 32 (1), pp.102 –

114.

Jacsó, P. (2009). ‗Why the popular tool can't be used to analyze the publishing performance

and impact of researchers‘. Library Journal. [Online] Available at:

http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6698580.html?&rid=1105906703&source=title

(Accessed 1st August 2011).

Kostoff, R.N. (1996). ‗Performance measures for government-sponsored research: Overview

and background‘. Scientometrics 36 (3), pp. 281 – 292.

Kousha, K. and Thelwall, M. (2007). ‗Google Scholar citations and Google web/URL

citations: a multi-discipline exploratory analysis‘. Journal of the American Society for

Information Science and Technology 58 (7), pp. 1055 – 1065.

Kulkarni, A.V, Aziz, B., Shams, I., and Busse, J.W. (2009). ‗Comparisons of Citations in

Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for Articles Published in General Medical

Journals‘. Journal of the American Medical Association 302 (10), pp. 1092 – 1096.

Kurtz, M.J., Eichorn, G., Accomazzi, A., Grant, C., Demleitner M., Murray, S.S.,

Martimbeau, N., and Elwell, B. (2003). ‗The NASA Astrophysics Data System: Sociology,

Bibliometrics, and Impact‘. Library and Information Services in Astronomy IV (ASP

Conference Series). Edited by: B.G Corbin, E.P Bryson, and M. Wolf. pp. 223 – 230.

Washington: Naval Observatory.

Kurtz, M.J., Eichorn, G., Accomazzi, A., Grant, C., Demleitner M., Henneken, E., and

Murray, S.S. (2005a). ‗The Effect of Use and Access on Citations‘. Information Processing

and Management 41 (6), pp. 1395 – 1402.

Kurtz, M.J., Eichorn, G., Accomazzi, A., Grant, C., Demleitner M., and Murray, S.S.

(2005b). ‗Worldwide use and impact of the NASA Astrophysics Data System digital library‘.

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 56 (1), pp. 36 – 45.

Lawal, I. (2002), ‗Scholarly communication: the use and non-use of e-print archives for the

dissemination of scientific information‘. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship 36.

[Online] Available at: http://www.istl.org/02-fall/article3.html (Accessed 19th May 2011).

http://jama.ama-assn.org/search?author1=Abhaya+V.+Kulkarni&sortspec=date&submit=Submit

http://jama.ama-assn.org/search?author1=Brittany+Aziz&sortspec=date&submit=Submit

http://jama.ama-assn.org/search?author1=Iffat+Shams&sortspec=date&submit=Submit

http://jama.ama-assn.org/search?author1=Jason+W.+Busse&sortspec=date&submit=Submit

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.v56:1/issuetoc

85

Levine-Clark, M. and Gill, E.L. (2009a). ‗A comparative citation analysis of Web of Science,

Scopus, and Google Scholar‘. Journal of Business and Finance Librarianship 14 (1), pp.32 –

46.

Levine-Clark, M. and Gill, E.L. (2009b). ‗A comparative analysis of social sciences citation

tools. Information Review 33 (5) pp. 986 – 996.

MacRoberts, M.H., and MacRoberts, B.R. (1996). ‗Problems of citation analysis‘.


Meho, L.I. (2007). ‗The Rise and Rise of Citation Analysis‘. Physics World (January).

[Online] Available at: http://arxiv.org/ftp/physics/papers/0701/0701012.pdf (Accessed 19th

May 2011).

Meho, L.I. and Yang, K. (2007). ‗Impact of data sources on citation counts and rankings of

LIS faculty: Web of Science versus Scopus and Google Scholar‘. Journal of the American

Society for Information Science and Technology 58 (13), pp. 2105 – 2125.

Moed, H.F. (2005). Citation Analysis in Research Evaluation. Dordrecht: Springer

Nicholas, D., Huntington, P., and Jamali, H.R. (2006), ‗Authors as Users: a Deep Log

Analysis Linking Demographic and Attitudinal Data Obtained from Scholarly Authors with

Their Usage of ScienceDirect‘. A CIBER Report. London: University College London.

[Online] Available at: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/infostudies/research/ciber/downloads/elsevier-

users.pdf (Accessed 19th May2011).

Nicholas, D., Huntington, P., Dobrowolski, T., Rowlands, I., Jamali, H.R., and Polydoratou,

P. (2005). ‗Revisiting ‗obsolescence‘ and journal article ‗decay‘ through usage data: an

analysis of digital journal use by year of publication‘. Information Processing and

Management 41 (6), pp. 1441 – 1461.

Nisonger, T.E. (2004). ‗Citation autobiography: An investigation of ISI database coverage in

determining author citedness‘. College and Research Libraries 65 (2), pp. 152 – 163.

Noruzi, A. (2005). ‗Google Scholar: the next generation of citation indexes‘. Libri 55 (44),

pp. 170 – 180.

Norris, M. and Oppenheim, C. (2007). ‗Comparing alternatives to the Web of Science for

coverage of the social sciences‘ literature‘. Journal of Informetrics 1 (2), pp. 161 – 169.

Pauly, D. and Stergiou, K.I. (2005). ‗Equivalence of results from two citation analyses:

Thomson ISI's citation index and Google's scholar service‘. Ethics in Science and

Environmental Politics (December), pp. 33 – 35.

Reed, K.L. (1995). ‗Citation analysis of faculty publications: Beyond Science Citation Index

and Social Science Citation Index‘. Bulletin of the Medical Library Association 83 (4), pp.

503 – 508.

86

Roediger III, H.L. (2006) ‗The h index in Science: A New Measure of Scholarly

Contribution‘, APS Observer: The Academic Observer 19 (4). [Online] Available at:

http://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/19/4/academic_observer

Roth, D.L. (2005). ‗The emergence of competitors to the Science Citation Index and Web of

Science‘. Current Science 89 (9), pp. 1531 – 1536.

Schroeder, R. (2007). ‗Pointing users toward citation searching: using Google Scholar and

Web of Science‘. Libraries and the Academy 7 (2), pp. 243 – 248.

ScopusInfo (2004), ‗Scopus comes of age‘. [Online] Available at:

www.info.scopus.com/news/press/pr_041103.asp (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Scopus (2011). ‗What does is cover?‘. [Online] Available at:

http://www.info.sciverse.com/scopus/scopus-in-detail/facts (Accessed 11th

July 2011).

Seglen, P.O. (1998). ‗Citation rates and journal impact factors are not suitable for evaluation

of research‘. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 69 (3), pp. 224 – 229.

Thomson Reuters (2011). ‗The Thomson Reuters Journal Selection Process‘. [Online]

Available at:

http://thomsonreuters.com/products_services/science/free/essays/journal_selection_process

(Accessed 11th

July 2011).

Thomson Reuters (2009). ‗Real Facts: Real Numbers: Real Knowledge‘. [Online] Available

at: http://wokinfo.com/realfacts/qualityandquantity (Accessed 11th

July 2011).

Van der Kruitt, P.C. (2005). ‗Citation Analysis and the NASA Astrophysics Data System

(ADS)‘. [Online] Available at: http://www.astro.rug.nl/~vdkruit/jea3/homepage/ads.pdf

Van Raan, A.F.J. (2000). ‗The Pandora‘s box of citation analysis: Measuring scientific

excellence—the last evil?‘ The Web of Knowledge: A Festschrift in Honor of Eugene

Garfield. Edited by: B, Cronin, H.B. Atkins, and K.W McCain. pp. 301 – 319. Medford:

Information Today.

Van Raan, A.F.J. (2005). ‗Fatal attraction: Conceptual and methodological problems in the

ranking of universities by bibliometric methods‘. Scientometrics 62 (1), pp. 133 – 143.

Wallin, J.A. (2005). ‗Bibliometric methods: Pitfalls and possibilities‘. Basic and Clinical

Pharmacology and Toxicology 97 (5), pp. 261 – 275.

Walter, G., Bloch, S., Hunt, G., and Fisher, K. (2003). ‘Counting on citations: A flawed way

to measure quality‘. The Medical Journal of Australia 178, pp. 280 – 281.

Whitley, K.M. (2002). ‗Analysis of SciFinder Scholar and Web of Science citation

searches‘. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 53

(14), pp. 1210 – 1215.

87

Yang, K. and Meho, L.I. (2006). ‗Citation analysis: a comparison of Google Scholar,

Scopus, and Web of Science‘. Conference 69th

Annual Meeting of the American Society for

Information Science and Technology. [Online] Available at:

http://staff.aub.edu.lb/~lmeho/ASIST-2006-meho-yang.pdf (Accessed 19th May 2011).

Zuckerman, H. (1987). ‗Citation Analysis and the Complex Problem of Intellectual

Influence‘. Scientometrics 12 (5-6), pp. 329 – 338.

88

Appendices

89

Appendix 1: Searched for articles: Selected Journals, Selected Articles, and Bibliographic Information:

NO. JOURNAL TITLE ARTICLE TITLE AUTHOR(S) YEAR VOLUME ISSUE NO. PAGES TYPE ISI S GS ADS TOTAL

1-

1

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS ASTROBIOLOGY: THE STUDY OF THE LIVING UNIVERSE CHYBA CF, HAND KP 2005 43

31-74 REVIEW 22 22 35 17 41

2

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS HIGH-VELOCITY WHITE DWARFS AND GALACTIC STRUCTURE REID IN 2005 43

247-292 REVIEW 20 19 22 22 24

3

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS

THE CLASSIFICATION OF GALAXIES: EARLY HISTORY AND ONGOING DEVELOPMENTS SANDAGE A 2005 43

581-624 REVIEW 17 14 22 20 23

4

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS SUNGRAZING COMETS MARSDEN BG 2005 43

75-102 REVIEW 9 7 10 8 11

5

ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS AN EDUCATION IN ASTRONOMY GIACCONI R 2005 43

1--30 REVIEW 2 1 2 0 4

70 63 91 67 103 2-

1

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL

LARGE-SCALE FILAMENTARY STRUCTURE AROUND THE PROTOCLUSTER AT REDSHIFT Z=3.1

MATSUDA Y, YAMADA T, HAYASHINO T, ET AL. 2005 634 2

L125-L128 ARTICLE 25 28 34 34 36

2 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL THE EFFECT OF STELLAR EVOLUTION ON SIC DUST GRAIN SIZES

SPECK AK, THOMPSON GD, HOFMEISTER AM 2005 634 1 426-435 ARTICLE 24 20 25 24 26

3 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL

ON STAR FORMATION AND THE NONEXISTENCE OF DARK GALAXIES

TAYLOR EN, WEBSTER RL 2005 634 2

1067-1084 ARTICLE 23 23 28 28 29


CHANDRA X-RAY OBSERVATION OF A MATURE CLOUD-SHOCK INTERACTION IN THE BRIGHT EASTERN KNOT REGION OF PUPPIS A

HWANG U, FLANAGAN KA, PETRE R 2005 635 1 355-364 ARTICLE 22 22 26 22 27


THE ARAUCARIA PROJECT: THE EFFECT OF BLENDING ON THE CEPHEID DISTANCE TO NGC 300 FROM ADVANCED CAMERA FOR SURVEYS IMAGES

BRESOLIN F, PIETRZYNSKI G, GIEREN W, ET AL. 2005 634 2

1020-1031 ARTICLE 21 23 20 22 23


KECK DEEP FIELDS. I. OBSERVATIONS, REDUCTIONS, AND THE SELECTION OF FAINT STAR-FORMING GALAXIES AT REDSHIFTS Z SIMILAR TO 4, 3, AND 2

SAWICKI M, THOMPSON D 2005 635 1 100-114 ARTICLE 20 18 23 23 23


HEATING THE BUBBLY GAS OF GALAXY CLUSTERS WITH WEAK SHOCKS AND SOUND WAVES HEINZ S, CHURAZOV E 2005 634 2

L141-L144 ARTICLE 19 17 21 20 24


PLANETARY NEBULAE AND STELLAR KINEMATICS IN THE FLATTENED ELLIPTICAL GALAXY NGC 1344

TEODORESCU AM, MENDEZ RH, SAGLIA RP, ET AL. 2005 635 1 290-304 ARTICLE 18 21 27 21 29


DEEP NEAR-INFRARED IMAGING AND PHOTOMETRY OF THE ANTENNAE GALAXIES WITH WIRC

BRANDL BR, CLARK DM, EIKENBERRY SS, ET AL. 2005 635 1 280-289 ARTICLE 17 19 19 19 20


PURE AND LOADED FIREBALLS IN SOFT GAMMA-RAY REPEATER GIANT FLARES

NAKAR E, PIRAN T, SARI R 2005 635 1 516-521 ARTICLE 16 15 29 26 29


ORIGIN OF TIDAL DISSIPATION IN JUPITER. I. PROPERTIES OF INERTIAL MODES WU YQ 2005 635 1 674-687 ARTICLE 15 15 18 15 18


X-RAY VARIABILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SEYFERT 1 GALAXY NGC 3783 MARKOWITZ A 2005 635 1 180-197 ARTICLE 14 13 14 14 15

90


EVOLUTION OF ACCRETION DISKS AROUND MASSIVE BLACK HOLES: CONSTRAINTS FROM THE DEMOGRAPHY OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

YU QJ, LU YJ, KAUFFMANN G 2005 634 2 901-909 ARTICLE 13 12 13 13 14


EXPLORING THE KINEMATICS OF THE OXYGEN-RICH SUPERNOVA REMNANT G292.0+1.8: EJECTA SHELLS, FAST-MOVING KNOTS, AND SHOCKED CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL

GHAVAMIAN P, HUGHES JP, WILLIAMS TB 2005 635 1 365-380 ARTICLE 12 9 12 13 13


MID-INFRARED EMISSION FROM ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES: SENSITIVITY TO STELLAR AGE

TEMI P, BRIGHENTI F, MATHEWS WG 2005 635 1 L25-L28 ARTICLE 11 6 11 11 11


CONSTRAINED CLUSTER PARAMETERS FROM SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH OBSERVATIONS

SEHGAL N, KOSOWSKY A, HOLDER G 2005 635 1 22-34 ARTICLE 10 11 14 11 15


POLARIZATION OF 21 CM RADIATION FROM THE EPOCH OF REIONIZATION BABICH D, LOEB A 2005 635 1 1--10 ARTICLE 9 9 13 9 13


A MODEL FOR TWIN KILOHERTZ QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS IN NEUTRON STAR LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARIES LI XD, ZHANG CM 2005 635 1 L57-L60 ARTICLE 8 8 10 10 11


IRON-LINE EMISSION AS A PROBE OF BARDEEN-PETTERSON ACCRETION DISKS

FRAGILE PC, MILLER WA, VANDERNOOT E 2005 635 1 157-166 ARTICLE 7 7 9 9 9


SIMULATING THE BOUNDARY LAYER BETWEEN A WHITE DWARF AND ITS ACCRETION DISK FISKER JL, BALSARA DS 2005 635 1 L69-L72 ARTICLE 6 5 7 5 7

310 301 373 349 392 3-

1 PHYSICAL REVIEW D DENSE-DILUTE DUALITY AT WORK: DIPOLES OF THE TARGET

KOVNER A, LUBLINSKY M 2005 72 7 74023 ARTICLE 25 24 43 39 43

2 PHYSICAL REVIEW D ANTIPROTON FLUXES FROM LIGHT NEUTRALINOS BOTTINO A, DONATO F, FORNENGO N, ET AL. 2005 72 8 83518 ARTICLE 24 23 30 30 32

3 PHYSICAL REVIEW D LATTICE COMPUTATIONS OF THE PION FORM FACTOR BONNET FDR, EDWARDS RG, FLEMING GT, ET AL. 2005 72 5 54506 ARTICLE 23 21 22 38 37

4 PHYSICAL REVIEW D ROTATING NONASYMPTOTICALLY FLAT BLACK RINGS IN CHARGED DILATON GRAVITY YAZADJIEV SS 2005 72 10 104014 ARTICLE 22 18 22 20 23

5 PHYSICAL REVIEW D CALCULABLE TOY MODEL OF THE STRING-THEORY LANDSCAPE DIENES KR, DUDAS E, GHERGHETTA T 2005 72 2 26005 ARTICLE 21 19 22 36 38

6 PHYSICAL REVIEW D HARMONIC GENERATION FROM LASER-DRIVEN VACUUM

DI PIAZZA A, HATSAGORTSYAN KZ, KEITEL CH 2005 72 8 85005 ARTICLE 20 18 25 18 30

7 PHYSICAL REVIEW D NOTE ON MAXIMALLY HELICITY VIOLATING AMPLITUDES FOR GRAVITONS NAIR VP 2005 71 12 121701 ARTICLE 19 13 25 27 27

8 PHYSICAL REVIEW D QUANTUM HALL LIQUID ON A NONCOMMUTATIVE SUPERPLANE HASEBE K 2005 72 10 105017 ARTICLE 18 10 16 18 24 9 PHYSICAL REVIEW D RADIATIVE GENERATION OF LEPTONIC CP VIOLATION LUO S, MEI JW, XING ZZ 2005 72 5 53014 ARTICLE 17 13 13 19 20 10 PHYSICAL REVIEW D RELATIVISTIC GYRATONS IN ASYMPTOTICALLY ADS SPACETIME FROLOV VP, ZELNIKOV A 2005 72 10 104005 ARTICLE 16 17 18 15 20

11 PHYSICAL REVIEW D GAUGE FIELD THEORY IN THE INFRARED REGIME DAS A, GAMBOA J, LOPEZ-SARRION J, ET AL. 2005 72 10 107702 ARTICLE 15 17 18 17 18

12 PHYSICAL REVIEW D DYNAMICS OF THE INFLATIONARY FLOW EQUATIONS CHONGCHITNAN S, EFSTATHIOU G 2005 72 8 83520 ARTICLE 14 8 17 15 17

13 PHYSICAL REVIEW D PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL FOR INFLATIONARY QUINTESSENCE

CARDONE VF, TROISI A, CAPOZZIELLO S 2005 72 4 43501 ARTICLE 13 12 17 16 17

14 PHYSICAL REVIEW D COLOR-SUPERCONDUCTING 'T HOOFT INTERACTION STEINER AW 2005 72 5 54024 ARTICLE 12 8 12 11 13

15 PHYSICAL REVIEW D TOPOLOGICAL SIGNATURES IN CMB TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY MAPS

HIPOLITO-RICALDI WS, GOMERO GI 2005 72 10 103008 ARTICLE 11 12 12 15 16

16 PHYSICAL REVIEW D BORN-INFELD-EINSTEIN THEORY WITH MATTER VOLLICK DN 2005 72 8 84026 ARTICLE 10 7 13 14 14 17 PHYSICAL REVIEW D NONBIREFRINGENCE CONDITIONS FOR SPACETIME ITIN Y 2005 72 8 87502 ARTICLE 9 5 13 11 13

18 PHYSICAL REVIEW D PION-NUCLEON SIGMA TERM IN THE GLOBAL COLOR MODEL OF QCD CHANG L, LIU YX, GUO H 2005 72 9 94023 ARTICLE 8 5 11 8 11

91

19 PHYSICAL REVIEW D SPACETIME REALIZATION OF KAPPA-POINCARE ALGEBRA MIGNEMI S 2005 72 8 87703 ARTICLE 7 5 6 7 7 20 PHYSICAL REVIEW D SPONTANEOUS PARITY VIOLATION CROMPTON PR 2005 72 7 76003 ARTICLE 6 7 7 6 8

310 262 362 380 428 4-

1 ICARUS

RELEASE OF NEUTRAL SODIUM ATOMS FROM THE SURFACE OF MERCURY INDUCED BY METEOROID IMPACTS

CREMONESE G, BRUNO M, MANGANO V, ET AL. 2005 177 1 122-128 ARTICLE 25 24 23 23 26

2 ICARUS THE FORMATION AND HABITABILITY OF TERRESTRIAL PLANETS IN THE PRESENCE OF CLOSE-IN GIANT PLANETS

RAYMOND SN, QUINN T, LUNINE JI 2005 177 1 256-263 ARTICLE 24 25 36 28 36

3 ICARUS PHYSICAL AND COMPOSITIONAL STUDIES OF COMET 81P/WILD 2 AT MULTIPLE APPARITIONS

FARNHAM TL, SCHLEICHER DG 2005 173 2 533-558 ARTICLE 23 26 28 27 32

4 ICARUS THE CALCIUM EXOSPHERE OF MERCURY KILLEN RM, BIDA TA, MORGAN TH 2005 173 2 300-311 ARTICLE 22 22 29 22 30

5 ICARUS IMPACT CRATERING ON TITAN - II. GLOBAL MELT, ESCAPING EJECTA, AND AQUEOUS ALTERATION OF SURFACE ORGANICS

ARTEMIEVA N, LUNINE JI 2005 175 2 522-533 ARTICLE 21 22 30 23 31

6 ICARUS SATURN'S VERTICAL AND LATITUDINAL CLOUD STRUCTURE 1991-2004 FROM HST IMAGING IN 30 FILTERS

KARKOSCHKA E, TOMASKO M 2005 179 1 195-221 ARTICLE 20 21 25 20 26

7 ICARUS ORIGIN OF MARTIAN NORTHERN HEMISPHERE MID-LATITUDE LOBATE DEBRIS APRONS

LI H, ROBINSON MS, JURDY DM 2005 176 2 382-394 ARTICLE 19 20 27 23 28

8 ICARUS MAPS OF TITAN'S SURFACE FROM 1 TO 2.5 MU M COUSTENIS A, HIRTZIG M, GENDRON E, ET AL. 2005 177 1 89-105 ARTICLE 18 19 20 20 23

9 ICARUS MARS EXPLORATION ROVER CANDIDATE LANDING SITES AS VIEWED BY THEMIS

CHRISTENSEN PR, RUFF SW, FERGASON R, ET AL. 2005 176 1 12--43 ARTICLE 17 16 18 16 20

10 ICARUS JAROSITE STABILITY ON MARS NAVROTSKY A, FORRAY FL, DROUET C 2005 176 1 250-253 ARTICLE 16 15 15 7 17

11 ICARUS THE SURFACE PROPERTIES OF SMALL ASTEROIDS: PECULIAR BETULIA - A CASE STUDY

HARRIS AW, MUELLER M, DELBO M, ET AL. 2005 179 1 95-108 ARTICLE 15 15 16 16 16

12 ICARUS RADAR OBSERVATIONS OF COMET 2P/ENCKE DURING THE 2003 APPARITION HARMON JK, NOLAN MC 2005 176 1 175-183 ARTICLE 14 14 15 15 15

13 ICARUS MUTUAL EVENTS OF THE URANIAN SATELLITES 2006-2010 CHRISTOU AA 2005 178 1 171-178 ARTICLE 13 11 15 12 16

14 ICARUS WATER VAPOR VARIATIONS IN THE VENUS MESOSPHERE FROM MICROWAVE SPECTRA SANDOR BJ, CLANCY RT 2005 177 1 129-143 ARTICLE 12 12 13 11 14

15 ICARUS LONG TERM WIND EROSION ON MARS ARMSTRONG JC, LEOVY CB 2005 176 1 57-54 ARTICLE 11 11 17 11 18

16 ICARUS THE QUADRANTID METEOROID COMPLEX WIEGERT P, BROWN P 2005 179 1 139-157 ARTICLE 10 11 15 15 16

17 ICARUS HILDA ASTEROIDS AMONG JUPITER FAMILY COMETS DI SISTO RP, BRUNINI A, DIRANI LD, ET AL. 2005 174 1 81-89 ARTICLE 9 9 10 8 10

18 ICARUS FLOODS ON MARS RELEASED FROM GROUNDWATER BY IMPACT WANG CY, MANGA M, WONG A 2005 175 2 551-555 ARTICLE 8 10 11 8 13

19 ICARUS ALKALI AND HALOGEN CHEMISTRY IN VOLCANIC GASES ON IO SCHAEFER L, FEGLEY B 2005 173 2 454-468 ARTICLE 7 7 9 6 10

20 ICARUS FATES OF SATELLITE EJECTA IN THE SATURN SYSTEM

ALVARELLOS JL, ZAHNLE KJ, DOBROVOLSKIS AR, ET AL. 2005 178 1 104-123 ARTICLE 6 6 8 7 8

310 316 380 318 405

5-

1

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA

3D SIMULATIONS OF THE FRAGMENTATION OF PHOTOEVAPORATING CLUMPS EMBEDDED IN A STELLAR WIND

RAGA AC, STEFFEN W, GONZALEZ RF 2005 41 1 45-55 ARTICLE 11 10 11 11 13

2


THE GLOBAL KINEMATICS OF THE DUMBBELL PLANETARY NEBULA (NGC 6853, M27, PN G060.8-03.6)

MEABURN J, BOUMIS P, CHRISTOPOULOU PE, ET AL. 2005 41 1 109-119 ARTICLE 10 11 10 10 12

92

3


A NEW DETERMINATION OF THE ROTATION CURVE FROM GALACTIC DISK PLANETARY NEBULAE MACIEL WJ, LAGO LG 2005 41 2 383-388 ARTICLE 7 7 9 9 9

4

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA FIRST TEST OF THE DRAGON EQUIPMENT

VOITSEKHOVICH VV, SANCHEZ LJ, ORLOV VG, ET AL. 2005 41 2 399-405 ARTICLE 5 5 3 4 5

5


THE LOW EXCITATION PLANETARY NEBULAE HUDO 1 AND HUBI 1 AND THEIR [WC10] CENTRAL STARS PENA M 2005 41 2 423-433 ARTICLE 5 5 5 5 6

6


NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF THE FRAGMENTATION OF PHOTOEVAPORATING NONUNIFORM CLUMPS

GONZALEZ RF, RAGA AC, STEFFEN W 2005 41 2 443-451 ARTICLE 5 5 6 6 7

7


PHOTOMETRIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE SHAKHBAZIAN COMPACT GALAXY GROUPS SHCG 74, SHCG 188, SHCG 251, AND SHCG 348

TOVMASSIAN HM, TIERSCH H, TOVMASSIAN GH, ET AL. 2005 41 1 3--16 ARTICLE 5 5 7 7 7

8

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA H 2-12, A MISIDENTIFIED PLANETARY NEBULA IN KEPLER SNR RIESGO H, LOPEZ JA 2005 41 1 57-60 ARTICLE 5 6 5 5 6

9

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA PROPER MOTIONS IN CEPHEUS A

RODRIGUEZ LF, TORRELLES JM, RAGA AC, ET AL. 2005 41 2 435-442 ARTICLE 4 2 5 4 5

10

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA THE FORMATION OF H-2 IN VARIABLE HERBIG-HARO JETS

RAGA AC, WILLIAMS DA, LIM AJ 2005 41 1 137-146 ARTICLE 4 2 10 7 11

11


THE INTERACTION OF A JET-LIKE PULSE WITH A WIND FROM A STELLAR COMPANION

RIERA A, RAGA AC, ALCOLEA J 2005 41 1 147-154 ARTICLE 4 3 3 3 4

12

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA FABRY-PEROT OBSERVATIONS OF HH 1/2

RIERA A, RAGA AC, REIPURTH B, ET AL. 2005 41 2 371-382 ARTICLE 3 3 4 4 4

13


BV RI SURFACE PHOTOMETRY OF MIXED MORPHOLOGY PAIRS OF GALAXIES. III. THE THIRD DATA SET

FRANCO-BALDERAS A, HERNANDEZ-TOLEDO HM, DULTZIN-HACYAN D, ET AL. 2005 41 2 483-505 ARTICLE 3 2 3 3 3

14

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA CCD PHOTOMETRY OF M92

RUELAS-MAYORGA A, SANCHEZ LJ 2005 41 2 507-522 ARTICLE 3 3 3 3 3

15


SCALINGS BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND THEIR OBSERVATIONALLY RELATED QUANTITIES OF MERGER REMNANTS

ACEVES H, VELAZQUEZ H 2005 41 2 523-532 ARTICLE 3 2 4 3 4

16

REVISTA MEXICANA DE ASTRONOMIA Y ASTROFISICA ORBIT OF COMET 122P/DE VICO BRANHAM RL 2005 41 1 87-100 ARTICLE 3 3 2 2 3

17


DETERMINATION OF THE MASS LOSS RATE AND THE TERMINAL VELOCITY OF STELLAR WINDS. I. GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR AUTOMATIC LINE PROFILE FITTING

GEORGIEV L, HERNANDEZ X 2005 41 1 121-129 ARTICLE 3 4 6 6 7

18


ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCE STUDIES OF CP STARS. THE SILICON STARS HD 87240 AND HD 96729

SAFFE C, LEVATO H, LOPEZ-GARCIA Z 2005 41 2 415-421 ARTICLE 2 1 4 4 4

19


TWO SCENARIOS FOR THE FORMATION OF CUSPY DENSITY PROFILES IN ELLIPTICAL GALAXIES CRUZ F, VELAZQUEZ H 2005 41 1 25-29 ARTICLE 2 1 1 1 2

93

20


QUANTITATIVE STELLAR SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION. III. SPECTRAL RESOLUTION

GARCIA J, STOCK J, STOCK MJ, ET AL. 2005 41 1 31-40 ARTICLE 2 2 3 3 4

89 82 104 100 119 6-

1 SPACE WEATHER

TOWARD INTERPLANETARY SPACE WEATHER: STRATEGIES FOR MANNED MISSIONS TO MARS

FOULLON C, CROSBY N, HEYNDERICKX D 2005 3 7

ARTICLE 3 4 6 2 6

2 SPACE WEATHER A FRAMEWORK FOR NEXT-GENERATION RADIATION BELT MODELS O'BRIEN TP 2005 3 7

ARTICLE 3 3 5 2 6

3 SPACE WEATHER TOO IMPORTANT TO FAIL KAPPENMAN JG, RADASKY WA 2005 3 5

ARTICLE 2 3 1 0 3

4 SPACE WEATHER RADIATION DOSE ALONG NORTH AMERICAN... GETLEY IL, ET AL. 2005 3 1

ARTICLE 3 3 4 2 5 5 SPACE WEATHER MODELLING THE EFFECT OF THE OCEAN-LAND INTERFACE GILBERT JL 2005 3 4

ARTICLE 3 2 4 2 5

6 SPACE WEATHER AN AMPLITUDE SCINTILLATION TEST PATTERN... KINTER PM, ET AL. 2005 3 3

ARTICLE 1 1 1 0 2

7 SPACE WEATHER NEW RADIATION ENVIRONMENT AND EFFECTS MODELS IN THE EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY

HEYNDERICKX D, QUAGHEBEUR B, WERA J, ET AL. 2005 2 10

ARTICLE 2 2 2 0 5

8 SPACE WEATHER STATISTICS OF SOLAR MICROWAVE RADIO BURST SPECTRA NITA GM, GARY DE, LANZEROTTI LJ 2005 2 11

ARTICLE 4 1 3 3 5

9 SPACE WEATHER SPACE WEATHER: THE PHYSICS BEHIND A SLOGAN GARY D 2005 3 10

ARTICLE 0 0 0 0 0

10 SPACE WEATHER IONOSPHERIC WEATHER FORECASTING ON THE HORIZON SCHUNK R, SCHERLIESS L, SOJKA JJ, ET AL. 2005 3 8

ARTICLE 8 0 9 6 11

11 SPACE WEATHER ASSESSMENT OF THE NATIONAL SPACE WEATHER PROGRAM LANZEROTTI L 2005 3 11

ARTICLE 0 0 0 0 0 12 SPACE WEATHER SHIELDING SPACE EXPLORERS FROM COSMIC RAYS PARKER EN 2005 3 8

ARTICLE 10 0 10 6 12

13 SPACE WEATHER US AIR FORCE PREDICTS SPACE WEATHER IMPACTS... SIMPSON S 2005 2 12

ARTICLE 1 0 0 0 1

40 19 45 23 61 7-

1

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS

KINEMATIC RECONNECTION AT A MAGNETIC NULL POINT: FAN-ALIGNED CURRENT

PONTIN DI, HORNIG G, PRIEST ER 2005 99 1 77-93 ARTICLE 23 22 26 24 27

2

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS TWO-DIMENSIONAL DENSITY CURRENTS IN A CONFINED BASIN

WELLS MG, WETTLAUFER JS 2005 99 3 199-218 ARTICLE 17 14 11 5 17

3


QUASI-TWO-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE ON THE POLAR BETA-PLANE: LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS AFANASYEV YD, WELLS J 2005 99 1 1--17 ARTICLE 12 10 12 7 14

4


NON-AXISYMMETRIC ALPHA(2)OMEGA-DYNAMO WAVES IN THIN STELLAR SHELLS

BASSOM AP, KUZANYAN KM, SOKOLOFF D, ET AL. 2005 99 4 309-336 ARTICLE 8 8 8 7 8

5


DEEP TWO-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE: AN IDEALIZED MODEL FOR ATMOSPHERIC JETS OF THE GIANT OUTER PLANETS

YANO J, TALAGRAND O, DROSSART P 2005 99 2 137-150 ARTICLE 8 8 9 7 9

6


LAGRANGIAN APPROACH TO GEOSTROPHIC ADJUSTMENT OF FRONTAL ANOMALIES IN A STRATIFIED FLUID

PLOUGONVEN R, ZEITLIN V 2005 99 2 101-135 ARTICLE 7 8 10 5 10

7


CONVECTIVE PLAN-FORM OF TWO-SCALE DYNAMOS IN A PLANE LAYER ZHELIGOVSKY VA 2005 99 2 151-175 ARTICLE 5 5 5 4 5

8


DYNAMIC MODEL OF MESOSCALE EDDIES. EDDY PARAMETERIZATION FOR COARSE RESOLUTION OCEAN CIRCULATION MODELS

DUBOVIKOV MS, CANUTO VM 2005 99 1 19-47 ARTICLE 5 5 3 2 5

94

9


LAGRANGIAN SINGULARITIES OF STEADY TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW

PAULS W, MATSUMOTO T 2005 99 1 61-75 ARTICLE 5 3 6 6 6

10


A CALIBRATED, NON-INVASIVE METHOD FOR MEASURING THE INTERNAL INTERFACE HEIGHT FIELD AT HIGH RESOLUTION IN THE ROTATING, TWO-LAYER ANNULUS

WILLIAMS PD, READ PL, HAINE TWN 2005 98 6 453-471 ARTICLE 5 6 6 3 6

11

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS THE POINT ISLAND APPROXIMATION IN VORTEX DYNAMICS

JOHNSON ER, MCDONALD NR 2005 99 1 49-60 ARTICLE 4 4 5 2 5

12

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS DYNAMO ACTION IN FLOWS WITH CAT'S EYES

COURVOISIER A, GILBERT AD, PONTY Y 2005 99 5 413-429 ARTICLE 3 4 4 2 4

13

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS MAGNETIC DIFFUSION AND THE MOTION OF FIELD LINES

WILMOT-SMITH AL, PRIEST ER, HORNIG G 2005 99 2 177-197 ARTICLE 3 1 4 3 5

14


LARGE EDDY SIMULATIONS OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENT CONVECTION IN A DENSITY-STRATIFIED FLUID

CHEN QN, GLATZMAIER GA 2005 99 5 355-375 ARTICLE 2 2 2 1 2

15

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS NONLINEAR INTERNAL WAVES IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE CAILLOL P 2005 99 4 271-308 ARTICLE 2 1 2 2 2

16


A MULTI-LAYERED KINEMATIC DYNAMO MODEL: IMPLICATIONS OF A STRATIFIED UPPER LAYER IN THE EARTH'S CORE

LIAO X, ZHANG K, GUBBINS D 2005 99 5 377-395 ARTICLE 1 1 1 1 1

17

GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS RESISTIVE WAVE BREAKING IN THE EARTH'S OUTER CORE LONDON SD 2005 99 5 397-411 ARTICLE 1 1 1 0 1

18


FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE CONSERVATION OF MAGNETIC HELICITY NUNEZ M 2005 99 4 337-345 ARTICLE 1 1 1 1 1

19


THE SCATTERING OF ROSSBY WAVES FROM FINITE ABRUPT TOPOGRAPHY

OWEN GW, WILLMOTT AJ, ABRAHAMS ID, ET AL. 2005 99 3 219-239 ARTICLE 1 0 1 0 1

20


ADVECTED FIELDS IN MAPS: II. DYNAMO ACTION IN THE STRETCH-FOLD-SHEAR MAP GILBERT AD 2005 99 3 241-269 ARTICLE 1 1 1 0 1

114 105 118 82 130 8-

1 ASTRONOMY LETTERS

GENERATION OF MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS NEAR A SHOCK FRONT IN A PARTIALLY IONIZED MEDIUM

BYKOV AM, TOPTYGIN IN 2005 31 11 748-754 ARTICLE 16 12 18 16 19

2 ASTRONOMY LETTERS THE LUMINOSITY FUNCTION OF LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARIES IN GALAXIES

POSTNOV KA, KURANOV AG 2005 31 1 7--14 ARTICLE 12 11 14 14 16

3 ASTRONOMY LETTERS KINEMATIC PARAMETERS OF THE GALACTIC SPIRAL PATTERN FROM DATA ON OPEN STAR CLUSTERS AND OB STARS POPOVA ME, LOKTIN AV 2005 31 10 663-667 ARTICLE 9 5 6 6 9

4 ASTRONOMY LETTERS TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR OF ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES IN THE ATMOSPHERES OF MAGNETIC PECULIAR STARS RYABCHIKOVA TA 2005 31 6 388-397 ARTICLE 9 7 11 11 13

5 ASTRONOMY LETTERS OSCILLATIONS OF OPTICAL EMISSION FROM FLARE STARS AND CORONAL LOOP DIAGNOSTICS

STEPANOV AV, KOPYLOVA YG, TSAP YT, ET AL. 2005 31 9 612-619 ARTICLE 8 5 7 7 8

6 ASTRONOMY LETTERS COMPARISON OF THE FERMI AND BETATRON ACCELERATION EFFICIENCIES IN COLLAPSING MAGNETIC TRAPS

BOGACHEV SA, SOMOV BV 2005 31 8 537-545 ARTICLE 8 8 8 9 12

95

7 ASTRONOMY LETTERS NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF THE HYADES DYNAMICS AND THE NATURE OF THE MOVING HYADES CLUSTER

CHUMAK YO, RASTORGUEV AS, AARSETH SJ 2005 31 5 308-314 ARTICLE 7 6 8 8 8

8 ASTRONOMY LETTERS BENDING INSTABILITY OF STELLAR DISKS: THE STABILIZING EFFECT OF A COMPACT BULGE

SOTNIKOVA NY, RODIONOV SA 2005 31 1 15-29 ARTICLE 7 3 7 8 9

9 ASTRONOMY LETTERS FORMATION OF GALACTIC SUBSYSTEMS IN LIGHT OF THE MAGNESIUM ABUNDANCE IN FIELD STARS: THE THICK DISK

MARSAKOV VA, BORKOVA TV 2005 31 8 515-527 ARTICLE 6 3 9 9 9

10 ASTRONOMY LETTERS CONSTRAINTS ON THE PHOTON CHARGE FROM OBSERVATIONS OF EXTRAGALACTIC SOURCES

KOBYCHEV VV, POPOV SB 2005 31 3 147-151 ARTICLE 6 8 8 8 9

11 ASTRONOMY LETTERS ON THE CONTENT OF COLD ELECTRONS IN BLAZAR AND MICROQUASAR JETS

ZHELEZNYAKOV VV, KORYAGIN SA 2005 31 11 713-728 ARTICLE 5 4 6 5 8

12 ASTRONOMY LETTERS RESOLVED IMAGES OF AN UNKNOWN SECTOR ON THE SURFACE OF MERCURY KSANFOMALITY LV 2005 31 11 767-785 ARTICLE 5 4 6 6 6

13 ASTRONOMY LETTERS MAGNETIC FIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE PECULIAR STAR HD 10221

GLAGOLEVSKII YV, RYABCHIKOVA TA, CHOUNTONOV GA 2005 31 5 327-334 ARTICLE 4 3 4 4 5

14 ASTRONOMY LETTERS THE GAS CONTENT IN GALACTIC DISKS: CORRELATION WITH KINEMATICS

ZASOV AV, SMIRNOVA AA 2005 31 3 160-170 ARTICLE 4 4 8 7 9

15 ASTRONOMY LETTERS SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL LENSES NEAR THE EXTRAGALACTIC DOUBLE OBJECT CSL-1

SAZHIN MV, KHOVANSKAYA OS, CAPACCIOLI M, ET AL. 2005 31 2 73-79 ARTICLE 3 3 3 3 3

16 ASTRONOMY LETTERS PHOTOMETRIC ELEMENTS, APSIDAL MOTION, AND A THIRD BODY IN THE ECLIPSING BINARY HP AUR

KOZYREVA VS, KUSAKIN AV, KHALIULLIN KE 2005 31 2 117-128 ARTICLE 3 4 4 4 4

17 ASTRONOMY LETTERS NATURE OF THE OPTICAL AND ULTRAVIOLET VARIABILITY OF THE NUCLEUS OF NGC 4151: A NEW CONCEPT LYUTY VM 2005 31 10 706-712 ARTICLE 2 2 4 5 5

18 ASTRONOMY LETTERS ON THE DETERMINATION OF MERIDIONAL FLOW ON THE SUN BY THE METHOD OF TRACERS

OLEMSKOY SV, KITCHATINOV LL 2005 31 10 575-578 ARTICLE 2 3 2 2 3

19 ASTRONOMY LETTERS POSSIBLE ORIGIN OF CLUSTERS IN ULTRA-HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS URYSON AV 2005 31 11 755-759 ARTICLE 1 1 1 1 1

20 ASTRONOMY LETTERS LONG-TERM MONITORING OF THE LONG-PERIOD VARIABLE Y CASSIOPEIAE IN THE 1.35-CM WATER-VAPOR LINE

RUDNITSKII GM, PASHCHENKO MI 2005 31 11 760-766 ARTICLE 1 1 1 1 1

118 97 135 134 157 9-

1 BALTIC ASTRONOMY INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION IN THE DIRECTION OF THE ASSOCIATION CAM OB3

ZDANAVICIUS J, ZDANAVICIUS K, STRAIZYS V 2005 14 1 31-40 ARTICLE 6 8 7 7 9

2 BALTIC ASTRONOMY MULTICOLOR PHOTOMETRY OF RED GIANT CANDIDATES IN THE SOUTHERN OPEN CLUSTER NGC 2447

CLARIA JJ, PIATTI AE, LAPASSET E, ET AL. 2005 14 3 301-311 ARTICLE 5 5 5 5 5

3 BALTIC ASTRONOMY THE SEMI-AUTOMATIC VARIABILITY SEARCH. FIRST RESULTS OF THE BVR SURVEY

MACIEJEWSKI G, NIEDZIELSKI A 2005 14 2 205-213 ARTICLE 5 6 7 7 7

4 BALTIC ASTRONOMY THE HYDROGEN-DEFICIENT CARBON STAR XX CAM KIPPER T, KLOCHKOVA VG 2005 14 2 215-221 ARTICLE 4 4 4 4 4

5 BALTIC ASTRONOMY RADIATIVE TRANSFER PROBLEM IN DUSTY GALAXIES: EFFECTS OF NON-ISOTROPIC MULTIPLE SCATTERING

SEMIONOV D, VANSEVICIUS V 2005 14 2 235-244 ARTICLE 4 4 4 4 4

6 BALTIC ASTRONOMY RADIATIVE TRANSFER PROBLEM IN DUSTY GALAXIES: ITERATION SCALING APPROXIMATION

SEMIONOV D, VANSEVICIUS V 2005 14 2 245-251 ARTICLE 4 4 4 4 4

7 BALTIC ASTRONOMY ON THE SELECTION OF OPTIMUM PASSBANDS FOR PHOTOMETRIC CLASSIFICATION OF STARS ZDANAVICIUS K 2005 14 1 104-121 ARTICLE 4 4 5 4 6

8 BALTIC ASTRONOMY CCD PHOTOMETRY AND CLASSIFICATION OF STARS IN A CAMELOPARDALIS AREA

ZDANAVICIUS J, ZDANAVICIUS K 2005 14 1 1--30 ARTICLE 3 5 3 2 5

9 BALTIC ASTRONOMY EVIDENCE FOR TOROIDAL B-FIELD STRUCTURES IN BL LAC GABUZDA DC, MURRAY 2005 14 3 363-366 CONFERENCE 3 3 4 3 4

96

OBJECTS E, CRONIN P

10 BALTIC ASTRONOMY MULTI-FREQUENCY, MULTI-EPOCH VLBA POLARIZATION OBSERVATIONS OF MRK 501

CROKE S, CHARLOT P, GABUZDA D, ET AL. 2005 14 3 367-370 CONFERENCE 3 2 0 2 3

11 BALTIC ASTRONOMY REDSHIFT MEASUREMENTS OF DISTANT GIANT RADIO GALAXIES CHYZY K, JAMROZY M, KLEINMAN SJ, ET AL. 2005 14 3 358-362 CONFERENCE 2 2 3 2 3

12 BALTIC ASTRONOMY RADIO ASTROMETRY AT 24 AND 43 GHZ LANYI G, BOBOLTZ D, CHARLOT P, ET AL. 2005 14 3 468-461 CONFERENCE 2 1 2 2 2

13 BALTIC ASTRONOMY SEVEN-COLOR PHOTOMETRY OF THE OPEN CLUSTER NGC 1647 AREA

ZDANAVICIUS J, STRAIZYS V, CHEN CW, ET AL. 2005 14 2 179-203 ARTICLE 2 2 1 1 3

14 BALTIC ASTRONOMY LIMITATIONS OF THE HAMILTONIAN TREATMENT FOR COLLISIONLESS ASTROPHYSICAL ACCRETION FLOWS

PARIEV VI, BLACKMAN EG 2005 14 2 265-275 ARTICLE 2 1 2 1 2

15 BALTIC ASTRONOMY THE S-TYPE ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH STARS RS CNC, ST HER, OP HER AND HR PEG

ADELMAN SJ, DENNIS JW 2005 14 1 41-50 ARTICLE 2 2 3 2 3

16 BALTIC ASTRONOMY MERLIN ASTROMETRY OF METHANOL MASERS

NIEZURAWSKA A, SZYMCZAK M, RICHARDS AMS, ET AL. 2005 14 3 429-431 CONFERENCE 2 3 3 3 3

17 BALTIC ASTRONOMY THE POST-AGB STAB, HD 101584 KIPPER T 2005 14 2 223-233 ARTICLE 1 1 1 1 1

18 BALTIC ASTRONOMY DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION AND CHAOS IN GALACTIC MODELS PAPADOPOULOS NJ, CARANICOLAS ND 2005 14 2 253-264 ARTICLE 1 1 1 1 1

19 BALTIC ASTRONOMY SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF 4 LACERTAE AND NU CEPHEI YUCE K 2005 14 1 51-82 ARTICLE 1 1 2 2 2

20 BALTIC ASTRONOMY PARSEC-SCALE CIRCULAR POLARIZATION PROPERTIES OF BL LAC OBJECTS

GABUZDAL DC, VITRISHCHAK VM 2005 14 3 371-373 CONFERENCE 1 1 1 0 1

57 60 62 57 72 10-

1

JBIS-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOCIETY EXPANDING ADVANCED CIVILIZATIONS IN THE UNIVERSE GROS C 2005 58 3--4 108-110 ARTICLE 3 3 4 0 4

2

JBIS-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH INTERPLANETARY SOCIETY

PERMANENCE - AN ADAPTATIONIST SOLUTION TO FERMI'S PARADOX? CIRKOVIC MM 2005 58 1--2 62-70 ARTICLE 2 3 4 3 5

5 6 8 3 9

97

Appendix 2: Example of Layer Two of database: Shows: Articles Returned for Selected Journal One, Selected Article One (Thus first

article listed in Appendix 1):

Source: ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS Volume: 43 Pages: 31-74 Published: 2005; Title: Astrobiology: The study of the living universe.

1

CITED:

DATABASE TITLE AUTHOR(S) PUB. YEAR SOURCE TITLE

SOURCE TYPE

DOCUMET TYPE SUBJECT AREA LANGUAGE COUNTRY WOS S GS ADS

1.1

INTELLIGENCE'S LIKELIHOOD AND EVOLUTIONARY TIME FRAME BOGONOVICH M 2011

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ASTROBIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 0 X 0 0

1.1

THE YOUNG HARD ACTIVE SUN: SOFT X-RAY IRRADIATION OF TRYPTOPHAN IN WATER SOLUTIONS

CIARAVELLA A, BONGIORNO D, CECCHI-PESTELLINI C, ET AL. 2011


ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH ITALY 0 0 0 0

1.1

EXOBIOLOGY AND PLANETARY PROTECTION OF ICY MOONS

RAULIN F, HAND KP, MCKAY CP, ET AL. 2010

SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH FRANCE; USA 0 0 2 1

1.1

THEORETICAL MODELS OF COMPLEX MOLECULE FORMATION ON DUST

CHARNLEY SB, RODGERS SD 2009

ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES BOOK CONFERENCE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 1 X 2 3

1.1

TOWARDS QUANTIFYING THE PREVALENCE OF PRIMITIVE MEMBRANES IN THE GALAXY: THE MILLIMETER-WAVE ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM OF PYRUVIC ACID

KISIEL Z, PSZCZOLKOWSKI L, BIALKOWSKA-JAWORSKA E, ET AL. 2009

ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES JOURNAL CONFERENCE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH POLAND 0 X 0 0

1.1

THE FOUR HUNDRED YEARS OF PLANETARY SCIENCE SINCE GALILEO AND KEPLER BURNS JA 2010 NATURE JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 0 0 1 1

1.1

PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE MILKY WAY

VON BLOH W, BOUNAMA C, FRANCK S 2010 PLANT SCIENCE JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH GERMANY 0 0 0 X

1.1

LARGE PREBIOTIC MOLECULES IN SPACE: PHOTOPHYSICS OF ACETIC ACID AND ITS ISOMERS

PULETTI F, MALLOCI G, MULAS G, ET AL. 2010

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH ITALY 2 2 0 3

1.1

HABITABILITY OF SUPER-EARTH PLANETS AROUND OTHER SUNS: MODELS INCLUDING RED GIANT BRANCH EVOLUTION

VON BLOH W, CUNTZ M, SCHRODER KP, ET AL 2009 ASTROBIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH

GERMANY; MEXICO; USA 5 5 8 4

98

1.1

GALACTIC PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM: HOW TO UNDERMINE CARTER'S ANTHROPIC ARGUMENT IN ASTROBIOLOGY

CIRKOVIC MM, VUKOTIC B, DRAGICEVIC I 2009 ASTROBIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH SERBIA 2 3 7 1

1.1

THE EMERGENCE OF LIFE ON EARTH SCHULTE M 2007 OCEANOGRAPHY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 2 X X X

1.1

ON THE "GALACTIC HABITABLE ZONE" PRANTZOS N 2008


ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH FRANCE 4 5 16 5

1.1

WATER AND ASTROBIOLOGY MOTTL MJ, GLAZER BT, KAISER RI, ET AL. 2007

CHEMIE DER ERDE-GEOCHEMISTRY JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 6 7 X X

1.1

ASTRO-BIOLOGICAL SIGNATURES - PROSPECTS FOR THE DETECTION OF NON-TERRESTRIAL BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

GLEDHILL TM, SPARKS WB, ULANOWSKI Z, ET AL. 2007

NATO SCIENCE SERIES, SERIES II: MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY BOOK CONFERENCE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH ENGLAND 1 X X X

1.1

ASTROPHYSICS IN 2006

TRIMBLE V, ASCHWANDEN MJ, HANSEN CJ 2007



1.1

PANSPERMIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE TIMING OF THE ORIGIN OF LIFE AND MICROBIAL PHYLOGENY LINE MA 2007


ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH AUSTRALIA 1 0 1 0

1.1

EXPLORING THE GALAXY USING SPACE PROBES BJORK R 2007


ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH DENMARK 4 5 7 X

1.1

LIFE ON EARTH ... AND ELSEWHERE?

MONTMERLE T, CLAEYS P, GARGAUD M, ET AL. 2006

EARTH MOON AND PLANETS JOURNAL ARTICLE


BELGUIM; FRANCE 1 1 X X

1.1

CONDITIONS FOR THE EMERGENCE OF LIFE ON THE EARLY EARTH: SUMMARY AND REFLECTIONS JORTNER J 2006

PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH ISRAEL 10 11 16 X

1.1

ASTROPHYSICS IN 2005

TRIMBLE V, ASCHWANDEN MJ, HANSEN CJ 2006

PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC JOURNAL REVIEW


1.1

CLUSTERS: A BRIDGE ACROSS THE DISCIPLINES OF ENVIRONMENT, MATERIALS SCIENCE, AND BIOLOGY

CASTLEMAN AW, JENA P 2006

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 20 22 3 X

99

1.1

NASA AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE IN THE UNIVERSE DICK SJ 2006 ENDEAVOUR JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA 5 X 9 X

1.1

FERMI'S PARADOX - THE LAST CHALLENGE FOR COPERNICANISM? | [SERBIAN SOURCE] ĆIRKOVIĆ 2009

SERBIAN ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH SERBIA X 2 7 4

1.1

MACRO-PERSPECTIVES BEYOND THE WORLD SYSTEM VOROS J 2007

JOURNAL OF FUTURES STUDIES JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH AUSTRALIA X 0 X X

1.1

COMETS AND PREBIOTIC ORGANIC MOLECULES ON EARLY EARTH CHYBA CF, HAND KP 2006

ADVANCES IN ASTROBIOLOGY AND BIOGEOPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA X 0 0 X

1.1

W(H)ITHER THE DRAKE EQUATION? BURCHELL MJ 2006

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ASTROBIOLOGY JOURNAL CONFERENCE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH ENGLAND X 6 7 X

1.1

ARCHAEOLOGY AND DIRECT IMAGING OF EXOPLANETS CAMPBELL JB 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION BOOK ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH AUSTRALIA X 0 1 X

1.1

DIRECT DETECTION OF EXOPLANETS - SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES QUIRRENBACH A 2005


ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH NETHERLANDS X 0 X X

1.1

FROM PROTOPLANETS TO PROTOLIFE: THE EMERGENCE AND MAINTENANCE OF LIFE GAIDOS E, SELSIS F 2007

PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA X X 9 6

1.1

FROM SUNS TO LIFE: A CHRONOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE HISTORY OF LIFE ON EARTH

MONTMERLE T, CLAEYS, PHILIPPE; GARGAUD, MURIEL; LÓPEZ-GARCÍA, PURIFICATIÓN 2006

EARTH, MOON, AND PLANETS JOURNAL ARTICLE


FRANCE; SPAIN; USA X X 1 0

1.1

EARLY PHASES OF STAR FORMATION: INSIGHTS FROM HERSCHEL

PAGANI L, CECCARELLI, C. 2009

EAS PUBLICATIONS SERIES BOOK ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH FRANCE X X 0 0

1.1

THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS: SULFUR-BASED, SILICON-BASED, AMMONIA-BASED LIFE RAMPELOTTO PH 2010

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH BRAZIL X X 5 X

1.1

ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS: THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE ON LAND RUSSELL DA 2009

ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS BOOK ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH USA X X 2 X

1.1

RECONNECTING WITH LIFE: RECONNECTING WITH SELF, OTHERS AND TIME. A

KARTALOVA-O'DOHERTY Y 2010 DORAS.DCU.IE WEB DISSERTATION

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH IRELAND X X 1 X

100

GROUNDED THEORY STUDY OF RECOVERING FROM MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IN AN IRISH CONTEXT

1.1

CAN THE EVOLUTION OF MULTICELLULARITY BE ANTICIPATED IN THE EXPLORATION OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM?

DE VLADAR HP AND J. CHELA-FLORE 2011

EXTREME HABITATS AND ASTROBIOLOGY BOOK ARTICLE


AUSTRIA; VENEZUELA; ITALY X X 0 X

1.1

THE CONCEPT OF THE GALACTIC HABITABLE ZONE PRANTZOS N 2011

ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE BOOK REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH FRANCE X X 0 X

1.1

THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK PERRYMAN M 2011 THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK BOOK REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH GERMANY X X 0 X

1.1

A PRACTICAL APPROACH FOR THE DETECTION OF LIFE IN LITHIC ENVIRONMENTS ON MARS

NICKLES TD, CRAWFORD RL 2010

JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH RUSSIA X X 0 X

1.1

BIOSIGNATURES AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON EARTH

VÁZQUEZ M, PALLÉ E, MONTAÑÉS RODRÍGUEZ P 2010

THE EARTH AS A DISTANT PLANET BOOK REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH SPAIN X X 0 X

1.1

ASTROBIOLOGY OF ICY WORLDS

KANIK I (NASA JET PROPULSION LABRATORY) 2008 MONTANA.EDU WEB REPORT


UNITED STATES X X 0 X

1.1

WATER IN THE UNIVERSE HANSLMEIER A 2010 WATER IN THE UNIVERSE BOOK REVIEW

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS ENGLISH AUSTRIA X X 0 X

101

Appendix 3: List of Unique Citations:

Ref. DATABASE TITLE AUTHOR(S) PUB. YEAR SOURCE TITLE SOURCE TYPE

DOCUMET TYPE

3.3 ADS PSEUDOSCALAR AND VECTOR MESONS AS QBAR Q BOUND STATES KRASSNIGG, A.; MARIS, P. 2005

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES BOOK CONFERENCE

8.14 ADS CONFERENCE SUMMARY: TRIGGERED STAR FORMATION IN A TURBULENT ISM ELMEGREEN, BRUCE G. 2007

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION 2, IAU SYMPOSIUM BOOK CONFERENCE

3.2 ADS DO CURRENT WIMP DIRECT MEASUREMENTS CONSTRAIN LIGHT RELIC NEUTRALINOS?

BOTTINO, A.; DONATO, F.; FORNENGO, N.; SCOPEL, S. 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.5 ADS

VIRTUAL EFFECTS OF LIGHT GAUGINOS AND HIGGSINOS: A PRECISION ELECTROWEAK ANALYSIS OF SPLIT SUPERSYMMETRY

MARTIN, STEPHEN P.; TOBE, KAZUHIRO; WELLS, JAMES D. 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.8 ADS SUPERSYMMETRIC QUANTUM-HALL EFFECT ON A FUZZY SUPERSPHERE HASEBE K 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.9 ADS NEUTRINO MASS TEXTURES WITH MAXIMAL CP VIOLATION

AIZAWA, ICHIRO; KITABAYASHI, TERUYUKI; YASUÈ, MASAKI 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.15 ADS COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND MULTIPOLE ALIGNMENTS IN SLAB TOPOLOGIES

CRESSWELL, JAMES G.; LIDDLE, ANDREW R.; MUKHERJEE, PIA; RIAZUELO, ALAIN 2006 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.6 ADS

DYNAMICS OF THE FLARING LOOP SYSTEM OF 2005 AUGUST 22 OBSERVED IN MICROWAVES AND HARD X-RAYS

REZNIKOVA, V. E.; MELNIKOV, V. F.; JI, H.; SHIBASAKI, K. 2010 THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.2 ADS NEARBY STARS OF THE GALACTIC DISC AND HALO - V FUHRMANN K 2011 MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.3 ADS SOHO/SWAN OBSERVATIONS OF SHORT-PERIOD SPACECRAFT TARGET COMETS COMBI, M. R.; LEE, Y.; PATEL, T. S 2011 THE ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.16 ADS

METEOR SHOWER FEATURES: ARE THEY GOVERNED BY THE INITIAL FORMATION PROCESS OR BY SUBSEQUENT GRAVITATIONAL PERTURBATIONS? WILLIAMS, I. P.; RYABOVA, G. O 2011


8.11 ADS NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF RELATIVISTIC JETS IN AGNS MARTI, J.-M. 2006

CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS, TALKS FROM THE CONFERENCE HELD 25 JUNE 2006 WEB CONFERENCE

3.9 ADS

NEUTRINO MASSES AND LEPTON-FLAVOR-VIOLATING $\TAU$ DECAYS IN THE SUPERSYMMETRIC LEFT-RIGHT MODEL CHAO, WEI 2007 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.1 ADS

LYMAN 'BUMP' GALAXIES - II. A POSSIBLE SIGNATURE OF MASSIVE EXTREMELY METAL-POOR OR METAL-FREE TAR IN Z= 3.1 YΑ E ITTER

SHIMIZU I, YOSHIDA N, OKAMOTO T 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

8.6 ADS

INVESTIGATION OF QUASI-PERIODIC VARIATIONS IN HARD X-RAYS OF SOLAR FLARES. II. FURTHER INVESTIGATION OF OSCILLATING MAGNETIC TRAPS JAKIMIEC, J.; TOMCZAK, M. 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

4.15 GS EVIDENCE FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ON MARS LEWIS S 2006 SOLAR SYSTEM UPDATE BOOK ARTICLE

102

4.2 GS THE DIVERSE ORIGINS OF TERRESTRIAL-PLANET SYSTEMS

M NAGASAWA, EW THOMMES, SJ KENYON 2007 PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

4.15 GS MOON'S ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION: ALTERNATIVES AND IMPLICATIONS SCHMITT HH 2007 SOLAR SYSTEM UPDATE BOOK ARTICLE

4.19 GS IO'S SURFACE COMPOSITION RW CARLSON, JS KARGEL, S DOUTÉ 2007 IO AFTER GALILEO BOOK ARTICLE

4.19 GS IO'S ATMOSPHERE E LELLOUCH, MA MCGRATH 2007 IO AFTER GALILEO BOOK ARTICLE

5.1 GS MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS IN LOW-AND HIGH-MASS STAR FORMING REGIONS

HG ARCE, D SHEPHERD, F GUETH, CF LEE 2007 PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

5.1 GS OBSERVATIONS OF JETS AND OUTFLOWS FROM YOUNG STARS J BALLY, B REIPURTH 2007 PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

6.1 GS

MAJOR RADIATION ENVIRONMENTS IN THE HELIOSPHERE AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERPLANETARY TRAVEL NB CROSBY 2007

SPACE WEATHER-PHYSICS AND EFFECTS BOOK ARTICLE

7.1 GS RECONNECTION IN THE SUN'S ATMOSPHERE PRIEST ER 2007

RECONNECTION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AND COLLISIONLESS THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS BOOK ARTICLE

4.5 GS TITAN: EXPLORING AN EARTHLIKE WORLD A COUSTENIS 2008 TITAN: EXPLORING AN EARTHLIKE WORLD BOOK ARTICLE

4.6 GS SATURN ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS AD DEL GENIO, RK ACHTERBERG 2009 SATRUN BOOK ARTICLE

4.6 GS CLOUDS AND AEROSOLS IN SATURN'S ATMOSPHERE RA WEST, KH BAINES, E KARKOSCHKA 2009 SATRUN BOOK ARTICLE

4.6 GS REVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE PRIOR TO THE CASSINI-HUYGENS MISSION AND CONCURRENT RESEARCH

GS ORTON, KH BAINES, D CRUIKSHANK 2009 SATRUN BOOK ARTICLE

1.1 GS ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS: THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE ON LAND RUSSELL DA 2009 ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS BOOK ARTICLE

4.2 GS ICY SATELLITES OF SATURN: IMPACT CRATERING AND AGE DETERMINATION

L DONES, CR CHAPMAN, WB MCKINNON 2009 SATURN FROM CASSINI BOOK ARTICLE

2.2 GS I‐NC IN A TROPHY IC MANN I 2010 SILICON NANOCRYSTALS BOOK ARTICLE 6.7 GS HARD X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY DETECTORS DM SMITH 2010 ISSI SCIENTIFIC REPORTS SERIES BOOK ARTICLE

7.6 GS

LAGRANGIAN DYNAMICS OF FRONTS, VORTICES AND WAVES: UNDERSTANDING THE (SEMI-) GEOSTROPHIC ADJUSTMENT ZEITLIN V 2010 LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS 2010 BOOK ARTICLE

1.1 GS




6.1 GS IONOSPHERE DATA ASSIMILATION: PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH MISSING PHYSICS RW SCHUNK, L SCHERLIESS 2011 AERONOMY OF THE EARTH'S BOOK ARTICLE

2.17 GS

ULTRAVIOLET PUMPING OF HYPERFINE TRANSITIONS IN THE LIGHT ELEMENTS, WITH APPLICATION TO 21 CM HYDROGEN AND 92 CM DEUTERIUM LINES FROM THE EARLY UNIVERSE L CHUZHOY 2006 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.3 GS

A DEFENCE OF PLURALISM IN THE DEBATE ABOUT NATURAL KINDS-CASE STUDIES FROM THE CLASSIFICATION OF CELESTIAL OBJECTS. MURZI M 2007 FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM JOURNAL ARTICLE

103

4.4 GS THE MESSENGER SPACECRAFT JC LEARY, RF CONDE, G DAKERMANJI 2007 SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.14 GS ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, CHEMISTRY, AND CLOUDS FP MILLS, LW ESPOSITO 2007 GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.1 GS

SPACE RADIATION HAZARDS AND THE VISION FOR SPACE EXPLORATION: A REPORT ON THE OCTOBER 2005 WINTERGREEN CONFERENCE

DN BAKER, LA BRABY, S CURTIS, JR JOKIPII 2007

SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.12 GS

SPACE RADIATION HAZARDS AND THE VISION FOR SPACE EXPLORATION: A REPORT ON THE OCTOBER 2005 WINTERGREEN CONFERENCE DN BAKER, LA BRABY, S CURTIS 2007


9.15 GS JOHNSON BV AND COUSINS RI PHOTOMETRY OF SOME COOL GIANT STARS

ADELMAN SJ, COLEGROVE BS, WOODROW SL 2007 JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL DATA JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.11 GS

RADIATIVE PROCESSES AS A CONDENSATION PHENOMENON AND THE PHYSICAL MEANING OF DEFORMED CANONICAL STRUCTURES

J GAMBOA, F MÉNDEZ, LS GRIGORIO, MS GUIMARAES 2008 PHYSICS LETTERS B JOURNAL ARTICLE

2.11 GS INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF TRANSITING PLANETS K BATYGIN, P BODENHEIMER 2009 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.17 GS DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF HILDA ASTEROIDS TO MARS-CROSSERS

B DERMAWAN, T HIDAYAT, M PUTRA 2009 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.9 GS PRECESSING JET IN CEP A NJ CUNNINGHAM, N MOECKEL 2009 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.4 GS

AIRCRAFT RADIATION EXPOSURE DURING A HIGH-ENERGY SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENT IN OCTOBER 2003

CJ MERTENS, BT KRESS, M WILTBERGER 2009


10.1 GS FERMI'S PARADOX-THE LAST CHALLENGE FOR COPERNICANISM? CIRKOVIC MM 2009 SERBIAN ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.1 GS THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS: SULFUR-BASED, SILICON-BASED, AMMONIA-BASED LIFE RAMPELOTTO PH 2010 JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.1 GS A PRACTICAL APPROACH FOR THE DETECTION OF LIFE IN LITHIC ENVIRONMENTS ON MARS NICKLES TD, CRAWFORD RL 2010 JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.8 GS СУПЕРРАСШИРЕНИЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ЛАНДАУ IVANOV EA 2010 ИЗВЕСТИЯ САРАТОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.9 GS

DOMESTICATING THE PLANETS: INSTRUMENTS AND PRACTICES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANETARY GEOLOGY MB SHINDELL 2010

A JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY AN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.5 GS ADIABATICITY AND EMERGENCE OF CLASSICAL SPACE-TIME IN TIME-DEPENDENT MATRIX THEORIES BEN CRAPS AND OLEG EVNIN 2011 JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

7.1 GS THREE DIMENSIONAL MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AT NULL POINTS AND SEPARATORS

PARNELL CE, HAYNES AL, MCLEAN RC 2011

THE SUN, THE SOLAR WIND, AND THE HELIOSPHERE JOURNAL ARTICLE

7.3 GS ON THE ORIGIN OF JETS IN THE OCEAN AFANASYEV YD, O'LEARY S ET AL. 2011 GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.18 GS AN EXAMINATION OF MARTIAN HYDROLOGY S WHEELOCK 2005 WATERGEEK.NET WEB ARTICLE 6.2 GS CANADIAN RADIATION BELT SCIENCE IN THE ILWS ERA IR MANN 2006 CDAW.GSFC.NASA.GOV WEB ARTICLE

4.15 GS

EXHUMED PALEOCHANNELS IN CENTRAL UTAH–ANALOGS FOR RAISED CURVILINEAR FEATURES ON MARS RME WILLIAMS, TC CHIDSEY JR 2007 PSI.EDU WEB ARTICLE

4.18 GS EARTHQUAKE HYDROLOGY WANG, C.-Y., MANGA, M. 2007 BERKELEY.EDU WEB ARTICLE 4.7 GS EMPLACEMENT OF LOBATE ROCK-GLACIER LANDFORMS S VAN GASSELT, E HAUBER, AP 2008 ELIB.DLR.DE WEB ARTICLE

104

AND LANDSCAPE MODIFICATION, MAREOTIS FOSSAE, MARS

ROSSI

4.4 GS VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF EXOSPHERIC PARTICLES WURZ, P.; SCHAUFELBERGER, A.; HEDELT, P.; LAMMER, H. 2009 COPERNICUS WEB ARTICLE

4.5 GS IMPACTS ONTO H2O ICE: SCALING LAWS FOR MELTING, VAPORIZATION, EXCAVATION, AND FINAL CRATER SIZE RG KRAUS, LE SENFT 2009 FAS.HARVARD.EDU WEB ARTICLE

4.7 GS

PRELIMINARY STRATIGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF MASSIF-DEBRIS-APRON TERRAIN IN WESTERN PHLEGRA MONTES, MARS KRESS A, HEAD JW 2009

MEETINGORGANIZER.COPERNICUS.ORG WEB ARTICLE

4.13 GS OPEN RESEARCH ONLINE AA CHRISTOU, F LEWIS, P ROCHE, Y HASHIMOTO 2009 LIBEPRINTS.OPEN.AC.UK WEB ARTICLE

4.15 GS CHARECTERIZING THE SENSITIVITY OF DAYTIME TURBULENT ACTIVITY ON MARS MICHAELS TI 2010 MARS JOURNAL WEB ARTICLE

7.5 GS DAES-ES351 ROUNDY PE ET AL 2010 JOURNAL SUBMISSION WEB ARTICLE

4.5 GS DES ACIDES AMINÉS POURRAIENT ÊTRE PRÉSENTS À LA SURFACE DE TITAN BRASSE C 2011 IPSL.FR WEB ARTICLE

2.1 GS THE NON-THERMAL HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM GRBS-THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS NAKAR E 2007

ENERGY BUDGET IN THE HIGH ENERGY UNIVERSE BOOK CONFERENCE

8.14 GS TRIGGERED STAR FORMATION IN A TURBULENT ISM ELMEGREEN, BRUCE G. 2007

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION 2 BOOK CONFERENCE

6.2 GS SCALES IN A THINNING PLASMA SHEET AA PETRUKOVICH, W BAUMJOHANN 2009 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

8.14 GS ATOMIC HYDROGEN DEFICIENCY IN SPIRAL GALAXIES IN CLUSTERS ES SHALDENKOVA 2011

ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE PHYSICS BOOK CONFERENCE

3.1 GS PEEKING THROUGH THE COLORED GLASS: A PERSPECTIVE ON NEW DIRECTIONS. L MCLERRAN 2005 OSTI.GOV WEB CONFERENCE

8.11 GS ON THE CONTENT OF COLD ELECTRONS AND POSITRONS IN RELATIVISTIC JETS VV ZHELEZNYAKOV ET AL 2006 CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS WEB CONFERENCE

9.11 GS

DYNAMICAL AGE OF FRII-TYPE RADIO GALAXIES ESTIMATED FROM THEIR GEOMETRY AND BRIGHTNESS AT DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS

MACHALSKI J, CHYZY K, JAMROZY M 2006 CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS WEB CONFERENCE

4.6 GS APPLICATION OF MODTRAN TO PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES A BERK ET AL 2008 209.200.88.159 WEB CONFERENCE

4.3 GS LIGHT SCATTERING PROPERTIES OF ASTEROIDS AND COMETARY NUCLEI JY LI 2005 DRUM.LIB.UMD.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

2.17 GS PROBING THE EPOCH OF REIONIZATION WITH REDSHIFTED 21 CM HI EMISSION JD BOWMAN 2007 MIT.DSPACE.ORG WEB

DISSERTATION

3.2 GS INDIRECT SEARCH OF DARK MATTER IN THE HALOS OF GALAXIES. E BISESI 2007 MPPMU.MPG.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

3.1 GS KUNDT SPACETIMES IN GENERAL RELATIVITY AND SUPERGRAVITY A FUSTER PEREZ 2007 DARE.UBVU.VU.NL WEB

DISSERTATION

4.19 GS

COMBINED FACULTIES FOR THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND FOR MATHEMATICS OF THE RUPERTO-CAROLA UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG, GERMANY FOR THE DEGREE OF DPF POSTBERG 2007 DEPOSIT.DDB.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

105

1.4 GS STUDIES OF SOHO COMETS KNIGHT MM 2008 DRUM.LIB.UMD.EDU WEB DISSERTATION

2.16 GS

SMALL-SCALE ANISOTROPIES OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND: EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ER SWITZER 2008 PRINCETON.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

2.16 GS PARTICLE DARK MATTER IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM AHG PETER 2008 PRINCETON.EDU WEB DISSERTATION

4.2 GS THERMISCHE EVOLUTION UND HABITABILITÄT ERDÄHNLICHER EXOPLANETEN C BOUNAMA 2008 DEPOSIT.DDB.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

4.6 GS CLIMATE MODELING OF GIANT PLANETS: THE SATURNIAN SEASONAL STRATOSPHERE JC WHEELER 2008 LIB.UTEXAS.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

5.1 GS PROPAGATION OF MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS INTO INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA S CORKERY 2008 DORAS.DCU.IE WEB

DISSERTATION

6.6 GS EFEITOS DE TEMPESTADES MAGNETICAS EM SINAIS DE GPS, EM NATAL, BRASIL. RYDLC CUEVA 2008 UFRN.BR WEB

DISSERTATION

3.6 GS INTERACTION OF INTENSE LASER PULSES WITH OVERDENSE PLASMAS S RYKOVANOV 2009 DEPOSIT.DDB.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

8.1 GS MODELING MAGNETIC FIELD AMPLIFICATION IN NONLINEAR DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION VLADIMOROV A 2009 ARXIV WEB

DISSERTATION

1.1 GS

RECONNECTING WITH LIFE: RECONNECTING WITH SELF, OTHERS AND TIME. A GROUNDED THEORY STUDY OF RECOVERING FROM MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IN AN IRISH CONTEXT KARTALOVA-O'DOHERTY Y 2010 DORAS.DCU.IE WEB

DISSERTATION

3.6 GS QED AND COLLECTIVE EFFECTS IN VACUUM AND PLASMAS J LUNDIN 2010 DIVA-PORTAL.ORG WEB

DISSERTATION

3.6 GS

VACUUM POLARISATION EFFECTS IN INTENSE LASER FIELDS VAKUUMPOLARISATIONSEFFEKTE IN STARKEN LASERFELDEN BJ KING 2010 UB.UNI-HEIDELBERG.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

4.16 GS DYNAMICS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM METEOROID POPULATION RH SOJA 2010 CANTERBURY.AC.NZ WEB

DISSERTATION

2.8 GS THE KINEMATICS OF THE INTRACLUSTER LIGHT IN THE CORE OF THE HYDRA I CLUSTER VENTIMIGLIA G 2011 EDOC.UB.UNI-MUENCHEN.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

9.7 GS INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION IN THE DIRECTION OF THE CAMELOPARDALIS DARK CLOUDS ZDANAVICIUS J 2006 VILNIUS UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY WEB

DISSERTATION

3.13 GS ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF GRAVITY AND THEIR APPLICATION TO COSMOLOGY JA LEACH 2008 MTH.UCT.AC.ZA WEB

DISSERTATION

1.5 GS HUBBLE'S BEQUEST TO ASTRONOMY FOSBURY R, CHRISTENSEN, L. L. 2006

SPACE TELESCOPE EUROPEAN COORDINATING FACILITY NEWSLETTER

NEWSLETTER EDITORIAL

2.16 GS DETERMINING THE COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF CLUSTER MAGNETIC FIELDS

M KRAUSE, R BOLTON, P ALEXANDER, J RILEY 2005 SKADS-EU.ORG WEB E-PRINT

6.1 GS SOLUTIONS NETWORK FORMULATION REPORT C MERTENS 2005 SCIENCE.NASA.GOV WEB E-PRINT

8.1 GS ENERGETIC PROCESSES AND NONTHERMAL EMISSION OF STARFORMING COMPLEXES BYKOV AM 2005 CITESEER WEB E-PRINT

2.4 GS HYPERFINE STRUCTURE RADIO LINES IN SPECTRA OF HOT INTERSTELLAR AND WARM-HOT INTERGALACTIC SUNYAEV RA 2006 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

106

GAS

2.7 GS

SUPPRESSING CLUSTER COOLING FLOWS BY SELF-REGULATED HEATING FROM SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED POPULATION OF AGNS NUSSER A, SILK J 2006 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.8 GS PLANETARY NEBULAE AND STELLAR KINEMATICS IN INTERACTING SPIRAL GALAXY M 82 JOHNSON LC, MÉNDEZ RH 2006 IFA.HAWAII.EDU WEB E-PRINT

3.1 GS HIGH ENERGY QCD BEYOND THE MEAN FIELD APPROXIMATION AI SHOSHI 2007 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

5.15 GS ESTIMATION OF PLANAR SURFACES IN NOISY RANGE IMAGES FOR THE ROBOCUP RESCUE COMPETITION S STEINMETZ, J PELLENZ 2007 WSCG.ZCU.CZ WEB E-PRINT

1.5 GS

HISTORY OF SPACE-BASED INFRARED ASTRONOMY AND THE AIR FORCE INFRARED CELESTIAL BACKGROUNDS PROGRAM PRICE SD 2008 DTIC DOCUMENT WEB E-PRINT

2.1 GS ON GAMMA-RAY BURSTS RUFFINI R, BERNARDINI MG, BIANCO C, L CAITO 2008 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

4.14 GS THE STUDY OF PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES BY SOLAR-RAYING USING ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTER YES BELYAEV 2008 COSMOS.RU WEB E-PRINT

6.12 GS TELEROBOTIC LUNAR HABITAT CONSTRUCTION AND MINING G BAIDEN 2008 ROBOTICS.ESTEC.ESA.INT WEB E-PRINT

4.4 GS MODÉLISATION ET MESURE DES EXOSPHÈRES DE QUELQUES OBJETS DU SYSTÈME SOLAIRE F LEBLANC 2009 TEL.ARCHIVES-OUVERTES.FR WEB E-PRINT

2.8 GS DISCOVERY, PHOTOMETRY, AND KINEMATICS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE IN M 821 JOHNSON LC, MÉNDEZ RH 2010 ASTRO.WASHINGTON.EDU WEB E-PRINT

3.6 GS RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM DYNAMICS IN STRONG LASER FIELDS

KZ HATSAGORTSYAN, M KLAIBER, C MÜLLER, A DI PIAZZA 2010 TIFR.RES.IN WEB E-PRINT

6.1 GS CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE USU GAIM MODELS RW SCHUNK 2010 DTIC DOCUMENT WEB E-PRINT

1.3 GS GALAXY DISKS VAN DER KRUIT PC, FREEMAN KC 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.1 GS

LYMAN-ALPHA EMITTERS IN COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS I: LYMAN-ALPHA ESCAPE FRACTION AND STATISTICAL PROPERTIES AT Z= 3.1 SHIMIZU I 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.7 GS STATICTICHESKIE PROPERTIES OF RADIO SOURCES AT VARIOUS LINEAR SCALE PASHCHENKO IN 2011 RADIOASTRON.RU WEB E-PRINT

3.17 GS DETERMINATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC MEDIUM FROM THE FRESNEL SURFACE MF DAHL 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

8.6 GS RECENT ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING PARTICLE ACCELERATION PROCESSES IN SOLAR FLARES

VV ZHARKOVA, K ARZNER, AO BENZ 2011 INF.BRAD.AC.UK WEB E-PRINT

7.6 GS BU=(RD/RC) 2, WHERE RC MITKIN V, STEGNER A ET AL 2005 VORTEX.MCS.ST-AND.AC.UK WEB E-PRINT

7.11 GS VORTEX INTERACTIONS WITH COASTAL BOUNDARIES AND ISLANDS MACASKILL C ET AL 2006 VORTEX.MCS.ST-AND.AC.UK WEB E-PRINT

7.3 GS

6TH EC FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE INITIATIVE HYDRALAB III ACCESS TO MAJOR EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES READ PL, AGUIAR A ET AL 2008 HYDRALAB.CNRS.FR WEB PROPOSAL

1.1 GS ASTROBIOLOGY OF ICY WORLDS KANIK I (NASA JET PROPULSION LABRATORY) 2008 MONTANA.EDU WEB REPORT

4.5 GS COSPAR WORKSHOP ON PLANETARY PROTECTION FOR JD RUMMEL, F RAULIN 2009 GWU.EDU WEB REPORT

107

TITAN AND GANYMEDE

4.7 GS

GEOLOGIC MAP OF MTM 35337, 40337, AND 45337 QUADRANGLES, DEUTERONILUS MENSAE REGION OF MARS FC CHUANG ET AL 2009 PUBS.USGS.GOV WEB REPORT

2.11 GS COORDINATED MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INTERNAL WAVES

BALMFORTH NJ, OGILVIE GI, PEACOCK T 2010 BIRS.CA WEB REPORT

2.4 GS X-RAY STUDIES OF SUPERNOVAE AND SUPERNOVA REMNANTS PETRE R 2008 THE UNIVERSE IN X-RAYS BOOK REVIEW

4.2 GS 10 PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNATURES FOR HABITABILITY AND LIFE VS MEADOWS 2008 EXOPLANETS BOOK REVIEW

4.13 GS URANUS, NEPTUNE, AND PLUTO AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM SCHMUDE, RICHARD, JR 2008

URANUS, NEPTUNE, AND PLUTO AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM BOOK REVIEW

7.13 GS MITCHELL A. BERGER 2, 3 BERGER M 2009 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF COMPLEXITY AND SYSTEMS SCIENCE BOOK REVIEW

1.1 GS BIOSIGNATURES AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON EARTH VÁZQUEZ M, PALLÉ E, MONTAÑÉS RODRÍGUEZ P 2010 THE EARTH AS A DISTANT PLANET BOOK REVIEW

1.1 GS WATER IN THE UNIVERSE HANSLMEIER A 2010 WATER IN THE UNIVERSE BOOK REVIEW

4.3 GS COMETS, AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM R SCHMUDE 2010 COMETS, AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM BOOK REVIEW

1.1 GS THE CONCEPT OF THE GALACTIC HABITABLE ZONE PRANTZOS N 2011 ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE BOOK REVIEW 1.1 GS THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK PERRYMAN M 2011 THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK BOOK REVIEW 2.17 GS THE FIRST COSMIC STRUCTURES AND THEIR EFFECTS B CIARDI 2005 SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS JOURNAL REVIEW

2.9 SCOPUS YOUNG, MASSIVE STAR CLUSTERS HOW CM 2008 CALTECH WEB

DISSERTATION

1.1 SCOPUS DIRECT DETECTION OF EXOPLANETS - SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES QUIRRENBACH A 2005


5.8 SCOPUS MORPHO-KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF PNE WITH INTENSE [N II] AND [S II] EMISSION LINES RIESGO H 2006


5.17 SCOPUS STELLAR WINDS IN CENTRAL STARS OF LMC PLANETARY NEBULAE

ARRIETA, A., STANGHELLINI, L., GEORGIEV, L. 2006


2.7 SCOPUS DYNAMICS OF THE HOT INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM

JONES C, FORMAN W, VIKHLININ A, MARKEVITCH, M., MACHACEK, M.,CHURAZOV, E. 2008 LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS BOOK ARTICLE

4.15 SCOPUS

DARK DUNES ON MARS - ANALYSES ON ORIGIN, MORPHOLOGY, AND MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THE DARK MATERIAL IN MARTIAN CRATERS TIRSCH, D. 2009

DLR DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. - FORSCHUNGSBERICHTE BOOK ARTICLE

4.7 SCOPUS

SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND DEGRADATIONAL HISTORY OF DEBRIS APRONS IN THE TEMPE TERRA/MAREOTIS FOSSAE REGION OF MARS CHUANG, F.C., CROWN, D.A. 2005 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.9 SCOPUS THE RAYED CRATER ZUNIL AND INTERPRETATIONS OF SMALL IMPACT CRATERS ON MARS

MCEWEN, A.S., PREBLICH, B.S., TURTLE, E.P., ARTEMIEVA, 2005 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

108

N.A., GOLOMBEK, M.P

6.4 SCOPUS

EMERGING SPACE WEATHER MARKETS AND A CASE STUDY: NEURAL NETWORK MODELING IN FORECASTING THE NEAR EARTH SPACE PARAMETERS TULUNAY, Y. 2005

ZHONGGUO HANGKONG TAIKONG XUEHUI HUIKAN/TRANSACTIONS OF THE AERONAUTICAL AND ASTRONAUTICAL SOCIETY OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.8 SCOPUS



4.6 SCOPUS

LATITUDINAL VARIATION OF SATURN PHOTOCHEMISTRY DEDUCED FROM SPATIALLY-RESOLVED ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA

PRANGÉ, R., FOUCHET, T., COURTIN, R.,CONNERNEY, J.E.P., MCCONNELL, J.C. 2006 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.6 SCOPUS

SOME ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL MODELS OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN COLLAPSING MAGNETIC TRAPS BOGACHEV, S.A., SOMOV, B.V. 2006

BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.1 SCOPUS MACRO-PERSPECTIVES BEYOND THE WORLD SYSTEM VOROS J 2007 JOURNAL OF FUTURES STUDIES JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.3 SCOPUS

DEEP IMPACT'S TARGET COMET 9P/TEMPEL 1 AT MULTIPLE APPARITIONS: SEASONAL AND SECULAR VARIATIONS IN GAS AND DUST PRODUCTION SCHLEICHER, D.G. 2007 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.8 SCOPUS WHAT CASSINI-HUYGENS HAS REVEALED ABOUT TITAN COUSTENIS, A. 2007 ASTRONOMY AND GEOPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.18 SCOPUS DID AN EARTHQUAKE TRIGGER THE MAY 2006 ERUPTION OF THE LUSI MUD VOLCANO? MANGA, M. 2007 EROS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.3 SCOPUS QUASI-SIMULTANEOUS FLUX EMERGENCE IN THE EVENTS OF OCTOBER∈- ∈NOVEMBER 2003

ZHOU, G., WANG, J., WANG, Y., ZHANG, Y. 2007 SOLAR PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.7 SCOPUS VALIDATING THE PROTON PREDICTION SYSTEM (PPS) KAHLER, S.W., CLIVER, E.W., LING, A.G. 2007

JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.4 SCOPUS ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES OF NEARBY YOUNG STARS WEISE, P., LAUNHARDT, R., SETIAWAN, J.,HENNING, T. 2010 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.5 SCOPUS IPHAS EXTINCTION DISTANCES TO PLANETARY NEBULAE GIAMMANCO C, SALE SE, CORRADI RLM, ET AL. 2011 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

9.7 SCOPUS

DISEÑO Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL SISTEMA FOTOMÉTRICO DE LA MISIÓN GAIA DE LA AGENCIA ESPACIAL EUROPEA MARTINEZ C, MANUEL J 2006 TESIS DOCTORALS EN XARXA WEB ARTICLE

4.3 SCOPUS COMPOSITIONAL COMA INVESTIGATIONS: GAS AND DUST PRODUCTION RATES IN COMETS SCHULZ, R. 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION BOOK CONFERENCE

9.1 SCOPUS COMMISSION 25: STELLAR PHOTOMETRY AND POLARIMETRY

LANDOLT AU, MARTINEZ P, BASTIEN P,FABRIKA S, ET AL 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATION ASTRONOMICAL UNION 1 BOOK CONFERENCE

2.8 SCOPUS SUBARU + FOCAS OBSERVATIONS OF PNS IN NGC 821 TEO ORE C A N EZ RH,RIFFESER, A. 2006


4.8 SCOPUS TITAN AND THE CASSINI-HUYGENS MISSION COUSTENIS, A. 2006 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

109

3.6 SCOPUS VACUUM FLUCTUATIONS AND NUCLEAR QUANTUM OPTICS IN STRONG LASER PULSES

DI PIAZZA, A., HATSAGORTSYAN, K.Z.,EVERS, J., KEITEL, C.H 2007

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS BOOK CONFERENCE

2.1 SCOPUS

VIRUS: A MASSIVELY REPLICATED 33K FIBER INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROGRAPH FOR THE UPGRADED HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE

HILL GJ, LEE H, VATTIAT BL, ADAMS JJ, MARSHALL JL, DRORY N, DEPOY DL 2010

PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE - THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING BOOK CONFERENCE

6.7 SCOPUS NEUTRON SPECTRA MEASUREMENTS IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC ANOMALY REGION

CA FEDERICO, OL GONÇALEZ, ES FONSECA 2010

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON NEUTRON AND ION DOSIMETRY BOOK CONFERENCE

8.2 SCOPUS HIGH-MASS X-RAY BINARIES POPULATION IN THE GALAXY LUTONIVOV AA ET AL 2005


8.18 SCOPUS DETERMINATION OF MERIDIONAL FLOW ON THE SUN BY TRACERS: BOUNDARY EFFECTS

OLEMSKOY, S.V., KICHATINOV, L.L. 2006

BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS JOURNAL CONFERENCE


LANDOLT, A.U., MARTINEZ, P., BASTIEN, P.,FABRIKA, S., GILLILAND, R., GRUNDAHL, F.,JORDI, C., MUNARI, U. 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION VOL. 1 BOOK CONFERENCE


LANDOLT AU, MARTINEZ P, BASTIEN P, FABRIKA S, GILLILAND R, ET AL 2005


2.16 SCOPUS COSMOLOGY USING GALAXY CLUSTER PECULIAR VELOCITIES BHATTACHARYA, SUMAN 2008 LIBRARY.PITT.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

5.1 SCOPUS NUMERICAL NEBULAE RIJKHORST, ERIK-JAN 2005 LEIDEN UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY WEB DISSERTATION

2.13 SCOPUS

EO ACHT N EN ER N ITTE AREN E N VON PER A IVEN CH ARZEN CHERN MILLIMETER-VLBI VON AGN PAGELS A 2006 HSS.ULB.UNI-BONN.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

2.12 SCOPUS A SPECTRAL SURVEY OF BLACK HOLE SPIN IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI BRENNEMAN, LAURA 2007 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND WEB

DISSERTATION

5.2 SCOPUS THREE DIMENSIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE DUMBBELL NEBULA AND THE RING NEBULA CHONG, SZE-NING 2010

HONG KONG UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY WEB

DISSERTATION

1.1 WOS THE EMERGENCE OF LIFE ON EARTH SCHULTE M 2007 OCEANOGRAPHY JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.8 WOS BACK COMPTON SCATTERING IN STRONG UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD XU W, HUANG W, YAN ML 2006 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

5.6 WOS ADAPTIVE GRIDS SIMULATIONS OF IONIZED FLOWS RAGA AC, VELAZQUEZ PF, DE COLLE F, ET AL. 2006 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE



2.2 WOS CHALLENGING THE IDENTIFICATION OF NITRIDE DUST IN EXTREME CARBON STAR SPECTRA

PITMAN KM, HOFMEISTER AM, SPECK AK 2007


7.2 WOS 3D MODELLING OF DENSITY INDUCED COASTAL CURRENTS BALAS L, TUNABOYLU S 2007

MEDCOAST 07: EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BOOK CONFERENCE

110

THE MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT, VOLS 1 AND 2

6.1 WOS NUMERICAL SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION: CAN METEOROLOGISTS FORECAST THE WAY AHEAD? KEIL M 2007

ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY BOOK CONFERENCE

1.3 WOS OBSERVATIONS OF THE HIGH REDSHIFT UNIVERSE ELLIS RS 2008 SAAS-FEE ADVANCED COURSE BOOK CONFERENCE

2.3 WOS THE SMALLEST H I GALAXIES OOSTERLOO T, KOVAC K, VAN DER HULST T, ET AL. 2008

ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

6.8 WOS

OBSERVING, MODELING AND PREDICTING THE EFFECTS OF SOLAR RADIO BURSTS ON RADIO COMMUNICATIONS MESSEROTTI M 2008 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

3.5 WOS

CLASSICAL METASTABLE SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING WITH D-TERMS: TREE-LEVEL NESTS AND VACUUM TOWERS DIENES KR, THOMAS B 2009 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

7.2 WOS THE INTRUSION OF DENSITY CURRENTS INTO STRATIFIED WATER BODIES WELLS M, NADARAJAH P 2009

INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY - PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

1.5 WOS ADVANCED CALIBRATION USING PHYSICAL INSTRUMENT MODELS: HST, VLT AND BEYOND ROSA MR, BRISTOW P, KERBER F 2010


3.6 WOS NONLINEAR QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS IN VACUUM AND PLASMAS

BRODIN G, LUNDIN J, MARKLUND M 2010 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

1.1 WOS




6.5 WOS PREDICTING SURFACE GEOMAGNETIC VARIATIONS USING IONOSPHERIC ELECTRODYNAMIC MODELS WEIMER DR 2005

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.12 WOS SHIELDING SPACE EXPLORERS FROM COSMIC RAYS PARKER EN 2005


6.12 WOS SHIELDING SPACE TRAVELERS PARKER EN 2006 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.8 WOS TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE HUYGENS LANDING SITE ON TITAN

SODERBLOM LA, TOMASKO MG, ARCHINAL BA, ET AL. 2007 PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.19 WOS

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)-MODIFIED BOVINE HEMOGLOBIN BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS LI XZ, YANG QH, YAN JF, ET AL. 2007

ARTIFICIAL CELLS BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.2 WOS SUPERVISED FEATURE EXTRACTION BASED ON FDA AND GALAXY SPECTRA CLASSIFICATION LI XR, HU ZY, ZHAO YH 2007

SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.7 WOS

USING INVARIANT ALTITUDE (H(INV)) FOR MAPPING OF THE RADIATION BELT FLUXES IN THE LOW-ALTITUDE ENVIRONMENT CABRERA J, LEMAIRE J 2007


8.3 WOS GALACTIC ROTATION PARAMETERS FROM DATA ON OPEN STAR CLUSTERS

BOBYLEV VV, BAJKOVA AT, LEBEDEVA SV 2007

ASTRONOMY LETTERS-A JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND SPACE ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.5 WOS OSCILLATIONS OF CORONAL LOOPS AND SECOND PULSATIONS OF SOLAR RADIO EMISSION

KOPYLOVA YG, MELNIKOV AV, STEPANOV AV, ET AL. 2007


1.2 WOS THE STRUCTURE OF THE GALACTIC HALO DU CH, WU ZY, MA J, ET AL. 2008 CHINESE JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY JOURNAL ARTICLE

111

AND ASTROPHYSICS

8.3 WOS GALACTIC ROTATION CURVE AND THE EFFECT OF DENSITY WAVES FROM DATA ON YOUNG OBJECTS

BOBYLEV VV, BAJKOVA AT, STEPANISHCHEV AS 2008


8.3 WOS OPEN STAR CLUSTERS IN THE SPIRAL ARMS OF OUR GALAXY POPOVA ME, LOKTIN AV 2008


3.8 WOS

THE N=1 SUPERSYMMETRIC LANDAU PROBLEM AND ITS SUPERSYMMETRIC LANDAU LEVEL PROJECTIONS: THE N=1 SUPERSYMMETRIC MOYAL-VOROS SUPERPLANE

BEN GELOUN J, GOVAERTS J, SCHOLTZ FG 2009

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.1 WOS

LONG-WAVELENGTH MHD INSTABILITY IN THE PREFRONT OF COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS WITH ACCELERATED PARTICLES

BYKOV AM, OSIPOV SM, TOPTYGIN IN 2009


3.8 WOS SUPER-LANDAU MODELS: UNITARITY AND HIDDEN SYMMETRIES IVANOV EA 2010 PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.9 WOS MAJORANA CP VIOLATION IN APPROXIMATELY MU-TAU SYMMETRIC MODELS WITH DET(M-V)=0 BABA T, YASUE M 2010 PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.13 WOS FIELD DETERMINATION OF CARGO-DECK FRICTION COEFFICIENTS

ROMERO JA, MARTINEZ M, LOZANO A 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME DESIGN ENGINEERING DIVISION 2005, PTS A AND B BOOK CONFERENCE

4.1 WOS

RELEASE OF NEUTRAL SODIUM ATOMS FROM THE SURFACE OF MERCURY INDUCED BY METEOROID IMPACTS (VOL 177, PG 122, 2005)

CREMONESE G, BRUNO M, MANGANO V, ET AL. 2006 ICARUS JOURNAL CORRECTION

2.8 WOS GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS OF SIX SHELL GALAXIES SIKKEMA G, PELETIER RF, CARTER D, ET AL. 2006 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL REVIEW

3.18 WOS PHASE STRUCTURE AND PHASE TRANSITION OF NUCLEUS AND STRONG INTERACTING MATTER LIU YX, MU LZ, CHANG L, ET AL. 2006

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION JOURNAL REVIEW

8.11 WOS NONLINEAR THEORY OF ION-ACOUSTIC WAVES IN AN ELECTRON-POSITRON-ION PLASMA DUBINOV AE, SAZONKIN MA 2009 PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS JOURNAL REVIEW

8.2 WOS INTERVENTIONS FOR PREVENTING POSTERIOR CAPSULE OPACIFICATION

FINDL O, BUEHL W, BAUER P, ET AL. 2010

COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS JOURNAL REVIEW

3.8 WOS LAUGHLIN'S WAVE FUNCTION AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM SHRIVASTAVA KN 2011

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B JOURNAL REVIEW

DATABASE TITLE AUTHOR(S) PUB. YEAR SOURCE TITLE

SOURCE TYPE

DOCUMET TYPE

3.3 ADS PSEUDOSCALAR AND VECTOR MESONS AS QBAR Q BOUND STATES KRASSNIGG, A.; MARIS, P. 2005

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES BOOK CONFERENCE

8.14 ADS CONFERENCE SUMMARY: TRIGGERED STAR FORMATION IN A TURBULENT ISM ELMEGREEN, BRUCE G. 2007

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION 2, IAU SYMPOSIUM BOOK CONFERENCE

3.2 ADS DO CURRENT WIMP DIRECT MEASUREMENTS CONSTRAIN LIGHT RELIC NEUTRALINOS?

BOTTINO, A.; DONATO, F.; FORNENGO, N.; SCOPEL, S. 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.5 ADS

VIRTUAL EFFECTS OF LIGHT GAUGINOS AND HIGGSINOS: A PRECISION ELECTROWEAK ANALYSIS OF SPLIT SUPERSYMMETRY

MARTIN, STEPHEN P.; TOBE, KAZUHIRO; WELLS, JAMES D. 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

112

3.8 ADS SUPERSYMMETRIC QUANTUM-HALL EFFECT ON A FUZZY SUPERSPHERE HASEBE K 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.9 ADS NEUTRINO MASS TEXTURES WITH MAXIMAL CP VIOLATION

AIZAWA, ICHIRO; KITABAYASHI, TERUYUKI; YASUÈ, MASAKI 2005 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.15 ADS COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND MULTIPOLE ALIGNMENTS IN SLAB TOPOLOGIES

CRESSWELL, JAMES G.; LIDDLE, ANDREW R.; MUKHERJEE, PIA; RIAZUELO, ALAIN 2006 PHYSICAL REVIEW D JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.6 ADS

DYNAMICS OF THE FLARING LOOP SYSTEM OF 2005 AUGUST 22 OBSERVED IN MICROWAVES AND HARD X-RAYS

REZNIKOVA, V. E.; MELNIKOV, V. F.; JI, H.; SHIBASAKI, K. 2010 THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.2 ADS NEARBY STARS OF THE GALACTIC DISC AND HALO - V FUHRMANN K 2011 MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.3 ADS SOHO/SWAN OBSERVATIONS OF SHORT-PERIOD SPACECRAFT TARGET COMETS COMBI, M. R.; LEE, Y.; PATEL, T. S 2011 THE ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.16 ADS

METEOR SHOWER FEATURES: ARE THEY GOVERNED BY THE INITIAL FORMATION PROCESS OR BY SUBSEQUENT GRAVITATIONAL PERTURBATIONS? WILLIAMS, I. P.; RYABOVA, G. O 2011


8.11 ADS NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF RELATIVISTIC JETS IN AGNS MARTI, J.-M. 2006

CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS, TALKS FROM THE CONFERENCE HELD 25 JUNE 2006 WEB CONFERENCE

3.9 ADS

NEUTRINO MASSES AND LEPTON-FLAVOR-VIOLATING $\TAU$ DECAYS IN THE SUPERSYMMETRIC LEFT-RIGHT MODEL CHAO, WEI 2007 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.1 ADS

LYMAN 'BUMP' GALAXIES - II. A POSSIBLE SIGNATURE OF MASSIVE EXTREMELY METAL-POOR OR METAL-FREE STARS IN Z= 3.1 YΑ E ITTER

SHIMIZU I, YOSHIDA N, OKAMOTO T 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

8.6 ADS

INVESTIGATION OF QUASI-PERIODIC VARIATIONS IN HARD X-RAYS OF SOLAR FLARES. II. FURTHER INVESTIGATION OF OSCILLATING MAGNETIC TRAPS JAKIMIEC, J.; TOMCZAK, M. 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

4.15 GS EVIDENCE FOR CLIMATE CHANGE ON MARS LEWIS S 2006 SOLAR SYSTEM UPDATE BOOK ARTICLE

4.2 GS THE DIVERSE ORIGINS OF TERRESTRIAL-PLANET SYSTEMS

M NAGASAWA, EW THOMMES, SJ KENYON 2007 PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

4.15 GS MOON'S ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION: ALTERNATIVES AND IMPLICATIONS SCHMITT HH 2007 SOLAR SYSTEM UPDATE BOOK ARTICLE

4.19 GS IO'S SURFACE COMPOSITION RW CARLSON, JS KARGEL, S DOUTÉ 2007 IO AFTER GALILEO BOOK ARTICLE

4.19 GS IO'S ATMOSPHERE E LELLOUCH, MA MCGRATH 2007 IO AFTER GALILEO BOOK ARTICLE

5.1 GS MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS IN LOW-AND HIGH-MASS STAR FORMING REGIONS

HG ARCE, D SHEPHERD, F GUETH, CF LEE 2007 PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

5.1 GS OBSERVATIONS OF JETS AND OUTFLOWS FROM YOUNG STARS J BALLY, B REIPURTH 2007 PROTOSTARS AND PLANETS V BOOK ARTICLE

6.1 GS

MAJOR RADIATION ENVIRONMENTS IN THE HELIOSPHERE AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERPLANETARY TRAVEL NB CROSBY 2007

SPACE WEATHER-PHYSICS AND EFFECTS BOOK ARTICLE

113

7.1 GS RECONNECTION IN THE SUN'S ATMOSPHERE PRIEST ER 2007

RECONNECTION OF MAGNETIC FIELDS: MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AND COLLISIONLESS THEORY AND OBSERVATIONS BOOK ARTICLE

4.5 GS TITAN: EXPLORING AN EARTHLIKE WORLD A COUSTENIS 2008 TITAN: EXPLORING AN EARTHLIKE WORLD BOOK ARTICLE

4.6 GS SATURN ATMOSPHERIC STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS AD DEL GENIO, RK ACHTERBERG 2009 SATRUN BOOK ARTICLE

4.6 GS CLOUDS AND AEROSOLS IN SATURN'S ATMOSPHERE RA WEST, KH BAINES, E KARKOSCHKA 2009 SATRUN BOOK ARTICLE

4.6 GS REVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE PRIOR TO THE CASSINI-HUYGENS MISSION AND CONCURRENT RESEARCH

GS ORTON, KH BAINES, D CRUIKSHANK 2009 SATRUN BOOK ARTICLE

1.1 GS ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS: THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE ON LAND RUSSELL DA 2009 ISLANDS IN THE COSMOS BOOK ARTICLE

4.2 GS ICY SATELLITES OF SATURN: IMPACT CRATERING AND AGE DETERMINATION

L DONES, CR CHAPMAN, WB MCKINNON 2009 SATURN FROM CASSINI BOOK ARTICLE

2.2 GS I‐NC IN A TROPHY IC MANN I 2010 SILICON NANOCRYSTALS BOOK ARTICLE 6.7 GS HARD X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY DETECTORS DM SMITH 2010 ISSI SCIENTIFIC REPORTS SERIES BOOK ARTICLE

7.6 GS

LAGRANGIAN DYNAMICS OF FRONTS, VORTICES AND WAVES: UNDERSTANDING THE (SEMI-) GEOSTROPHIC ADJUSTMENT ZEITLIN V 2010 LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS 2010 BOOK ARTICLE

1.1 GS




6.1 GS IONOSPHERE DATA ASSIMILATION: PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH MISSING PHYSICS RW SCHUNK, L SCHERLIESS 2011 AERONOMY OF THE EARTH'S BOOK ARTICLE

2.17 GS

ULTRAVIOLET PUMPING OF HYPERFINE TRANSITIONS IN THE LIGHT ELEMENTS, WITH APPLICATION TO 21 CM HYDROGEN AND 92 CM DEUTERIUM LINES FROM THE EARLY UNIVERSE L CHUZHOY 2006 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.3 GS

A DEFENCE OF PLURALISM IN THE DEBATE ABOUT NATURAL KINDS-CASE STUDIES FROM THE CLASSIFICATION OF CELESTIAL OBJECTS. MURZI M 2007 FORUM PHILOSOPHICUM JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.4 GS THE MESSENGER SPACECRAFT JC LEARY, RF CONDE, G DAKERMANJI 2007 SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.14 GS ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, CHEMISTRY, AND CLOUDS FP MILLS, LW ESPOSITO 2007 GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.1 GS

SPACE RADIATION HAZARDS AND THE VISION FOR SPACE EXPLORATION: A REPORT ON THE OCTOBER 2005 WINTERGREEN CONFERENCE

DN BAKER, LA BRABY, S CURTIS, JR JOKIPII 2007


6.12 GS

SPACE RADIATION HAZARDS AND THE VISION FOR SPACE EXPLORATION: A REPORT ON THE OCTOBER 2005 WINTERGREEN CONFERENCE DN BAKER, LA BRABY, S CURTIS 2007


9.15 GS JOHNSON BV AND COUSINS RI PHOTOMETRY OF SOME COOL GIANT STARS

ADELMAN SJ, COLEGROVE BS, WOODROW SL 2007 JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL DATA JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.11 GS RADIATIVE PROCESSES AS A CONDENSATION PHENOMENON AND THE PHYSICAL MEANING OF

J GAMBOA, F MÉNDEZ, LS GRIGORIO, MS GUIMARAES 2008 PHYSICS LETTERS B JOURNAL ARTICLE

114

DEFORMED CANONICAL STRUCTURES

2.11 GS INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF TRANSITING PLANETS K BATYGIN, P BODENHEIMER 2009 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.17 GS DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF HILDA ASTEROIDS TO MARS-CROSSERS

B DERMAWAN, T HIDAYAT, M PUTRA 2009 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.9 GS PRECESSING JET IN CEP A NJ CUNNINGHAM, N MOECKEL 2009 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.4 GS

AIRCRAFT RADIATION EXPOSURE DURING A HIGH-ENERGY SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENT IN OCTOBER 2003

CJ MERTENS, BT KRESS, M WILTBERGER 2009


10.1 GS FERMI'S PARADOX-THE LAST CHALLENGE FOR COPERNICANISM? CIRKOVIC MM 2009 SERBIAN ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.1 GS THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS: SULFUR-BASED, SILICON-BASED, AMMONIA-BASED LIFE RAMPELOTTO PH 2010 JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.1 GS A PRACTICAL APPROACH FOR THE DETECTION OF LIFE IN LITHIC ENVIRONMENTS ON MARS NICKLES TD, CRAWFORD RL 2010 JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.8 GS СУПЕРРАСШИРЕНИЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ЛАНДАУ IVANOV EA 2010 ИЗВЕСТИЯ САРАТОВСКОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.9 GS

DOMESTICATING THE PLANETS: INSTRUMENTS AND PRACTICES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANETARY GEOLOGY MB SHINDELL 2010

A JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY AN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.5 GS ADIABATICITY AND EMERGENCE OF CLASSICAL SPACE-TIME IN TIME-DEPENDENT MATRIX THEORIES BEN CRAPS AND OLEG EVNIN 2011 JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

7.1 GS THREE DIMENSIONAL MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AT NULL POINTS AND SEPARATORS

PARNELL CE, HAYNES AL, MCLEAN RC 2011

THE SUN, THE SOLAR WIND, AND THE HELIOSPHERE JOURNAL ARTICLE

7.3 GS ON THE ORIGIN OF JETS IN THE OCEAN AFANASYEV YD, O'LEARY S ET AL. 2011 GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.18 GS AN EXAMINATION OF MARTIAN HYDROLOGY S WHEELOCK 2005 WATERGEEK.NET WEB ARTICLE 6.2 GS CANADIAN RADIATION BELT SCIENCE IN THE ILWS ERA IR MANN 2006 CDAW.GSFC.NASA.GOV WEB ARTICLE

4.15 GS

EXHUMED PALEOCHANNELS IN CENTRAL UTAH–ANALOGS FOR RAISED CURVILINEAR FEATURES ON MARS RME WILLIAMS, TC CHIDSEY JR 2007 PSI.EDU WEB ARTICLE

4.18 GS EARTHQUAKE HYDROLOGY WANG, C.-Y., MANGA, M. 2007 BERKELEY.EDU WEB ARTICLE

4.7 GS

EMPLACEMENT OF LOBATE ROCK-GLACIER LANDFORMS AND LANDSCAPE MODIFICATION, MAREOTIS FOSSAE, MARS

S VAN GASSELT, E HAUBER, AP ROSSI 2008 ELIB.DLR.DE WEB ARTICLE

4.4 GS VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF EXOSPHERIC PARTICLES WURZ, P.; SCHAUFELBERGER, A.; HEDELT, P.; LAMMER, H. 2009 COPERNICUS WEB ARTICLE

4.5 GS IMPACTS ONTO H2O ICE: SCALING LAWS FOR MELTING, VAPORIZATION, EXCAVATION, AND FINAL CRATER SIZE RG KRAUS, LE SENFT 2009 FAS.HARVARD.EDU WEB ARTICLE

4.7 GS

PRELIMINARY STRATIGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF MASSIF-DEBRIS-APRON TERRAIN IN WESTERN PHLEGRA MONTES, MARS KRESS A, HEAD JW 2009

MEETINGORGANIZER.COPERNICUS.ORG WEB ARTICLE

4.13 GS OPEN RESEARCH ONLINE AA CHRISTOU, F LEWIS, P ROCHE, Y HASHIMOTO 2009 LIBEPRINTS.OPEN.AC.UK WEB ARTICLE

4.15 GS CHARECTERIZING THE SENSITIVITY OF DAYTIME TURBULENT ACTIVITY ON MARS MICHAELS TI 2010 MARS JOURNAL WEB ARTICLE

7.5 GS DAES-ES351 ROUNDY PE ET AL 2010 JOURNAL SUBMISSION WEB ARTICLE

115

4.5 GS DES ACIDES AMINÉS POURRAIENT ÊTRE PRÉSENTS À LA SURFACE DE TITAN BRASSE C 2011 IPSL.FR WEB ARTICLE

2.1 GS THE NON-THERMAL HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM GRBS-THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS NAKAR E 2007

ENERGY BUDGET IN THE HIGH ENERGY UNIVERSE BOOK CONFERENCE

8.14 GS TRIGGERED STAR FORMATION IN A TURBULENT ISM ELMEGREEN, BRUCE G. 2007

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL UNION 2 BOOK CONFERENCE

6.2 GS SCALES IN A THINNING PLASMA SHEET AA PETRUKOVICH, W BAUMJOHANN 2009 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

8.14 GS ATOMIC HYDROGEN DEFICIENCY IN SPIRAL GALAXIES IN CLUSTERS ES SHALDENKOVA 2011

ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE PHYSICS BOOK CONFERENCE

3.1 GS PEEKING THROUGH THE COLORED GLASS: A PERSPECTIVE ON NEW DIRECTIONS. L MCLERRAN 2005 OSTI.GOV WEB CONFERENCE

8.11 GS ON THE CONTENT OF COLD ELECTRONS AND POSITRONS IN RELATIVISTIC JETS VV ZHELEZNYAKOV ET AL 2006 CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS WEB CONFERENCE

9.11 GS

DYNAMICAL AGE OF FRII-TYPE RADIO GALAXIES ESTIMATED FROM THEIR GEOMETRY AND BRIGHTNESS AT DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS

MACHALSKI J, CHYZY K, JAMROZY M 2006 CHALLENGES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS WEB CONFERENCE

4.6 GS APPLICATION OF MODTRAN TO PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES A BERK ET AL 2008 209.200.88.159 WEB CONFERENCE

4.3 GS LIGHT SCATTERING PROPERTIES OF ASTEROIDS AND COMETARY NUCLEI JY LI 2005 DRUM.LIB.UMD.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

2.17 GS PROBING THE EPOCH OF REIONIZATION WITH REDSHIFTED 21 CM HI EMISSION JD BOWMAN 2007 MIT.DSPACE.ORG WEB

DISSERTATION

3.2 GS INDIRECT SEARCH OF DARK MATTER IN THE HALOS OF GALAXIES. E BISESI 2007 MPPMU.MPG.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

3.1 GS KUNDT SPACETIMES IN GENERAL RELATIVITY AND SUPERGRAVITY A FUSTER PEREZ 2007 DARE.UBVU.VU.NL WEB

DISSERTATION

4.19 GS

COMBINED FACULTIES FOR THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND FOR MATHEMATICS OF THE RUPERTO-CAROLA UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG, GERMANY FOR THE DEGREE OF DPF POSTBERG 2007 DEPOSIT.DDB.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

1.4 GS STUDIES OF SOHO COMETS KNIGHT MM 2008 DRUM.LIB.UMD.EDU WEB DISSERTATION

2.16 GS

SMALL-SCALE ANISOTROPIES OF THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND: EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ER SWITZER 2008 PRINCETON.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

2.16 GS PARTICLE DARK MATTER IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM AHG PETER 2008 PRINCETON.EDU WEB DISSERTATION

4.2 GS THERMISCHE EVOLUTION UND HABITABILITÄT ERDÄHNLICHER EXOPLANETEN C BOUNAMA 2008 DEPOSIT.DDB.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

4.6 GS CLIMATE MODELING OF GIANT PLANETS: THE SATURNIAN SEASONAL STRATOSPHERE JC WHEELER 2008 LIB.UTEXAS.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

5.1 GS PROPAGATION OF MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS INTO INHOMOGENEOUS MEDIA S CORKERY 2008 DORAS.DCU.IE WEB

DISSERTATION

6.6 GS EFEITOS DE TEMPESTADES MAGNETICAS EM SINAIS DE RYDLC CUEVA 2008 UFRN.BR WEB DISSERTATIO

116

GPS, EM NATAL, BRASIL. N

3.6 GS INTERACTION OF INTENSE LASER PULSES WITH OVERDENSE PLASMAS S RYKOVANOV 2009 DEPOSIT.DDB.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

8.1 GS MODELING MAGNETIC FIELD AMPLIFICATION IN NONLINEAR DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION VLADIMOROV A 2009 ARXIV WEB

DISSERTATION

1.1 GS

RECONNECTING WITH LIFE: RECONNECTING WITH SELF, OTHERS AND TIME. A GROUNDED THEORY STUDY OF RECOVERING FROM MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IN AN IRISH CONTEXT KARTALOVA-O'DOHERTY Y 2010 DORAS.DCU.IE WEB

DISSERTATION

3.6 GS QED AND COLLECTIVE EFFECTS IN VACUUM AND PLASMAS J LUNDIN 2010 DIVA-PORTAL.ORG WEB

DISSERTATION

3.6 GS

VACUUM POLARISATION EFFECTS IN INTENSE LASER FIELDS VAKUUMPOLARISATIONSEFFEKTE IN STARKEN LASERFELDEN BJ KING 2010 UB.UNI-HEIDELBERG.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

4.16 GS DYNAMICS OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM METEOROID POPULATION RH SOJA 2010 CANTERBURY.AC.NZ WEB

DISSERTATION

2.8 GS THE KINEMATICS OF THE INTRACLUSTER LIGHT IN THE CORE OF THE HYDRA I CLUSTER VENTIMIGLIA G 2011 EDOC.UB.UNI-MUENCHEN.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

9.7 GS INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION IN THE DIRECTION OF THE CAMELOPARDALIS DARK CLOUDS ZDANAVICIUS J 2006 VILNIUS UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY WEB

DISSERTATION

3.13 GS ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF GRAVITY AND THEIR APPLICATION TO COSMOLOGY JA LEACH 2008 MTH.UCT.AC.ZA WEB

DISSERTATION

1.5 GS HUBBLE'S BEQUEST TO ASTRONOMY FOSBURY R, CHRISTENSEN, L. L. 2006

SPACE TELESCOPE EUROPEAN COORDINATING FACILITY NEWSLETTER

NEWSLETTER EDITORIAL

2.16 GS DETERMINING THE COSMOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF CLUSTER MAGNETIC FIELDS

M KRAUSE, R BOLTON, P ALEXANDER, J RILEY 2005 SKADS-EU.ORG WEB E-PRINT

6.1 GS SOLUTIONS NETWORK FORMULATION REPORT C MERTENS 2005 SCIENCE.NASA.GOV WEB E-PRINT

8.1 GS ENERGETIC PROCESSES AND NONTHERMAL EMISSION OF STARFORMING COMPLEXES BYKOV AM 2005 CITESEER WEB E-PRINT

2.4 GS

HYPERFINE STRUCTURE RADIO LINES IN SPECTRA OF HOT INTERSTELLAR AND WARM-HOT INTERGALACTIC GAS SUNYAEV RA 2006 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.7 GS

SUPPRESSING CLUSTER COOLING FLOWS BY SELF-REGULATED HEATING FROM SPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED POPULATION OF AGNS NUSSER A, SILK J 2006 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.8 GS PLANETARY NEBULAE AND STELLAR KINEMATICS IN INTERACTING SPIRAL GALAXY M 82 JOHNSON LC, MÉNDEZ RH 2006 IFA.HAWAII.EDU WEB E-PRINT

3.1 GS HIGH ENERGY QCD BEYOND THE MEAN FIELD APPROXIMATION AI SHOSHI 2007 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

5.15 GS ESTIMATION OF PLANAR SURFACES IN NOISY RANGE IMAGES FOR THE ROBOCUP RESCUE COMPETITION S STEINMETZ, J PELLENZ 2007 WSCG.ZCU.CZ WEB E-PRINT

1.5 GS

HISTORY OF SPACE-BASED INFRARED ASTRONOMY AND THE AIR FORCE INFRARED CELESTIAL BACKGROUNDS PROGRAM PRICE SD 2008 DTIC DOCUMENT WEB E-PRINT

2.1 GS ON GAMMA-RAY BURSTS RUFFINI R, BERNARDINI MG, 2008 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

117

BIANCO C, L CAITO

4.14 GS THE STUDY OF PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES BY SOLAR-RAYING USING ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTER YES BELYAEV 2008 COSMOS.RU WEB E-PRINT

6.12 GS TELEROBOTIC LUNAR HABITAT CONSTRUCTION AND MINING G BAIDEN 2008 ROBOTICS.ESTEC.ESA.INT WEB E-PRINT

4.4 GS MODÉLISATION ET MESURE DES EXOSPHÈRES DE QUELQUES OBJETS DU SYSTÈME SOLAIRE F LEBLANC 2009 TEL.ARCHIVES-OUVERTES.FR WEB E-PRINT

2.8 GS DISCOVERY, PHOTOMETRY, AND KINEMATICS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE IN M 821 JOHNSON LC, MÉNDEZ RH 2010 ASTRO.WASHINGTON.EDU WEB E-PRINT

3.6 GS RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM DYNAMICS IN STRONG LASER FIELDS

KZ HATSAGORTSYAN, M KLAIBER, C MÜLLER, A DI PIAZZA 2010 TIFR.RES.IN WEB E-PRINT

6.1 GS CONTINUED DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE USU GAIM MODELS RW SCHUNK 2010 DTIC DOCUMENT WEB E-PRINT

1.3 GS GALAXY DISKS VAN DER KRUIT PC, FREEMAN KC 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.1 GS

LYMAN-ALPHA EMITTERS IN COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS I: LYMAN-ALPHA ESCAPE FRACTION AND STATISTICAL PROPERTIES AT Z= 3.1 SHIMIZU I 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

2.7 GS STATICTICHESKIE PROPERTIES OF RADIO SOURCES AT VARIOUS LINEAR SCALE PASHCHENKO IN 2011 RADIOASTRON.RU WEB E-PRINT

3.17 GS DETERMINATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC MEDIUM FROM THE FRESNEL SURFACE MF DAHL 2011 ARXIV WEB E-PRINT

8.6 GS RECENT ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING PARTICLE ACCELERATION PROCESSES IN SOLAR FLARES

VV ZHARKOVA, K ARZNER, AO BENZ 2011 INF.BRAD.AC.UK WEB E-PRINT

7.6 GS BU=(RD/RC) 2, WHERE RC MITKIN V, STEGNER A ET AL 2005 VORTEX.MCS.ST-AND.AC.UK WEB E-PRINT

7.11 GS VORTEX INTERACTIONS WITH COASTAL BOUNDARIES AND ISLANDS MACASKILL C ET AL 2006 VORTEX.MCS.ST-AND.AC.UK WEB E-PRINT

7.3 GS

6TH EC FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE INITIATIVE HYDRALAB III ACCESS TO MAJOR EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES READ PL, AGUIAR A ET AL 2008 HYDRALAB.CNRS.FR WEB PROPOSAL

1.1 GS ASTROBIOLOGY OF ICY WORLDS KANIK I (NASA JET PROPULSION LABRATORY) 2008 MONTANA.EDU WEB REPORT

4.5 GS COSPAR WORKSHOP ON PLANETARY PROTECTION FOR TITAN AND GANYMEDE JD RUMMEL, F RAULIN 2009 GWU.EDU WEB REPORT

4.7 GS

GEOLOGIC MAP OF MTM 35337, 40337, AND 45337 QUADRANGLES, DEUTERONILUS MENSAE REGION OF MARS FC CHUANG ET AL 2009 PUBS.USGS.GOV WEB REPORT

2.11 GS COORDINATED MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF INTERNAL WAVES

BALMFORTH NJ, OGILVIE GI, PEACOCK T 2010 BIRS.CA WEB REPORT

2.4 GS X-RAY STUDIES OF SUPERNOVAE AND SUPERNOVA REMNANTS PETRE R 2008 THE UNIVERSE IN X-RAYS BOOK REVIEW

4.2 GS 10 PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNATURES FOR HABITABILITY AND LIFE VS MEADOWS 2008 EXOPLANETS BOOK REVIEW

4.13 GS URANUS, NEPTUNE, AND PLUTO AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM SCHMUDE, RICHARD, JR 2008

URANUS, NEPTUNE, AND PLUTO AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM BOOK REVIEW

7.13 GS MITCHELL A. BERGER 2, 3 BERGER M 2009 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF COMPLEXITY AND SYSTEMS SCIENCE BOOK REVIEW

118

1.1 GS BIOSIGNATURES AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON EARTH VÁZQUEZ M, PALLÉ E, MONTAÑÉS RODRÍGUEZ P 2010 THE EARTH AS A DISTANT PLANET BOOK REVIEW

1.1 GS WATER IN THE UNIVERSE HANSLMEIER A 2010 WATER IN THE UNIVERSE BOOK REVIEW

4.3 GS COMETS, AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM R SCHMUDE 2010 COMETS, AND HOW TO OBSERVE THEM BOOK REVIEW

1.1 GS THE CONCEPT OF THE GALACTIC HABITABLE ZONE PRANTZOS N 2011 ORIGINS AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE BOOK REVIEW 1.1 GS THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK PERRYMAN M 2011 THE EXOPLANET HANDBOOK BOOK REVIEW 2.17 GS THE FIRST COSMIC STRUCTURES AND THEIR EFFECTS B CIARDI 2005 SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS JOURNAL REVIEW

2.9 SCOPUS YOUNG, MASSIVE STAR CLUSTERS HOW CM 2008 CALTECH WEB

DISSERTATION

1.1 SCOPUS DIRECT DETECTION OF EXOPLANETS - SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES QUIRRENBACH A 2005


5.8 SCOPUS MORPHO-KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF PNE WITH INTENSE [N II] AND [S II] EMISSION LINES RIESGO H 2006


5.17 SCOPUS STELLAR WINDS IN CENTRAL STARS OF LMC PLANETARY NEBULAE

ARRIETA, A., STANGHELLINI, L., GEORGIEV, L. 2006


2.7 SCOPUS DYNAMICS OF THE HOT INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM

JONES C, FORMAN W, VIKHLININ A, MARKEVITCH, M., MACHACEK, M.,CHURAZOV, E. 2008 LECTURE NOTES IN PHYSICS BOOK ARTICLE

4.15 SCOPUS

DARK DUNES ON MARS - ANALYSES ON ORIGIN, MORPHOLOGY, AND MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THE DARK MATERIAL IN MARTIAN CRATERS TIRSCH, D. 2009

DLR DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUR LUFT- UND RAUMFAHRT E.V. - FORSCHUNGSBERICHTE BOOK ARTICLE

4.7 SCOPUS

SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND DEGRADATIONAL HISTORY OF DEBRIS APRONS IN THE TEMPE TERRA/MAREOTIS FOSSAE REGION OF MARS CHUANG, F.C., CROWN, D.A. 2005 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.9 SCOPUS THE RAYED CRATER ZUNIL AND INTERPRETATIONS OF SMALL IMPACT CRATERS ON MARS

MCEWEN, A.S., PREBLICH, B.S., TURTLE, E.P., ARTEMIEVA, N.A., GOLOMBEK, M.P 2005 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.4 SCOPUS



6.8 SCOPUS



4.6 SCOPUS

LATITUDINAL VARIATION OF SATURN PHOTOCHEMISTRY DEDUCED FROM SPATIALLY-RESOLVED ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA

PRANGÉ, R., FOUCHET, T., COURTIN, R.,CONNERNEY, J.E.P., MCCONNELL, J.C. 2006 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

119

8.6 SCOPUS

SOME ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL MODELS OF PARTICLE ACCELERATION IN COLLAPSING MAGNETIC TRAPS BOGACHEV, S.A., SOMOV, B.V. 2006

BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

1.1 SCOPUS MACRO-PERSPECTIVES BEYOND THE WORLD SYSTEM VOROS J 2007 JOURNAL OF FUTURES STUDIES JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.3 SCOPUS

DEEP IMPACT'S TARGET COMET 9P/TEMPEL 1 AT MULTIPLE APPARITIONS: SEASONAL AND SECULAR VARIATIONS IN GAS AND DUST PRODUCTION SCHLEICHER, D.G. 2007 ICARUS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.8 SCOPUS WHAT CASSINI-HUYGENS HAS REVEALED ABOUT TITAN COUSTENIS, A. 2007 ASTRONOMY AND GEOPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.18 SCOPUS DID AN EARTHQUAKE TRIGGER THE MAY 2006 ERUPTION OF THE LUSI MUD VOLCANO? MANGA, M. 2007 EROS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.3 SCOPUS QUASI-SIMULTANEOUS FLUX EMERGENCE IN THE EVENTS OF OCTOBER∈- ∈NOVEMBER 2003

ZHOU, G., WANG, J., WANG, Y., ZHANG, Y. 2007 SOLAR PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.7 SCOPUS VALIDATING THE PROTON PREDICTION SYSTEM (PPS) KAHLER, S.W., CLIVER, E.W., LING, A.G. 2007

JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.4 SCOPUS ROTATIONAL VELOCITIES OF NEARBY YOUNG STARS WEISE, P., LAUNHARDT, R., SETIAWAN, J.,HENNING, T. 2010 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.5 SCOPUS IPHAS EXTINCTION DISTANCES TO PLANETARY NEBULAE GIAMMANCO C, SALE SE, CORRADI RLM, ET AL. 2011 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

9.7 SCOPUS

DISEÑO Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL SISTEMA FOTOMÉTRICO DE LA MISIÓN GAIA DE LA AGENCIA ESPACIAL EUROPEA MARTINEZ C, MANUEL J 2006 TESIS DOCTORALS EN XARXA WEB ARTICLE

4.3 SCOPUS COMPOSITIONAL COMA INVESTIGATIONS: GAS AND DUST PRODUCTION RATES IN COMETS SCHULZ, R. 2005



LANDOLT AU, MARTINEZ P, BASTIEN P,FABRIKA S, ET AL 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATION ASTRONOMICAL UNION 1 BOOK CONFERENCE

2.8 SCOPUS SUBARU + FOCAS OBSERVATIONS OF PNS IN NGC 821 TEO ORE C A N EZ RH,RIFFESER, A. 2006


4.8 SCOPUS TITAN AND THE CASSINI-HUYGENS MISSION COUSTENIS, A. 2006 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

3.6 SCOPUS VACUUM FLUCTUATIONS AND NUCLEAR QUANTUM OPTICS IN STRONG LASER PULSES

DI PIAZZA, A., HATSAGORTSYAN, K.Z.,EVERS, J., KEITEL, C.H 2007

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS BOOK CONFERENCE

2.1 SCOPUS

VIRUS: A MASSIVELY REPLICATED 33K FIBER INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROGRAPH FOR THE UPGRADED HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE

HILL GJ, LEE H, VATTIAT BL, ADAMS JJ, MARSHALL JL, DRORY N, DEPOY DL 2010

PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE - THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING BOOK CONFERENCE

6.7 SCOPUS NEUTRON SPECTRA MEASUREMENTS IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC ANOMALY REGION

CA FEDERICO, OL GONÇALEZ, ES FONSECA 2010

PROCEEDINGS OF THE 11TH SYMPOSIUM ON NEUTRON AND ION DOSIMETRY BOOK CONFERENCE

8.2 SCOPUS HIGH-MASS X-RAY BINARIES POPULATION IN THE GALAXY LUTONIVOV AA ET AL 2005


8.18 SCOPUS DETERMINATION OF MERIDIONAL FLOW ON THE SUN BY TRACERS: BOUNDARY EFFECTS

OLEMSKOY, S.V., KICHATINOV, L.L. 2006

BULLETIN OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES: PHYSICS JOURNAL CONFERENCE

120


LANDOLT, A.U., MARTINEZ, P., BASTIEN, P.,FABRIKA, S., GILLILAND, R., GRUNDAHL, F.,JORDI, C., MUNARI, U. 2005



LANDOLT AU, MARTINEZ P, BASTIEN P, FABRIKA S, GILLILAND R, ET AL 2005


2.16 SCOPUS COSMOLOGY USING GALAXY CLUSTER PECULIAR VELOCITIES BHATTACHARYA, SUMAN 2008 LIBRARY.PITT.EDU WEB

DISSERTATION

5.1 SCOPUS NUMERICAL NEBULAE RIJKHORST, ERIK-JAN 2005 LEIDEN UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY WEB DISSERTATION

2.13 SCOPUS

EO ACHT N EN ER N ITTE AREN E N VON PER A IVEN CH ARZEN CHERN MILLIMETER-VLBI VON AGN PAGELS A 2006 HSS.ULB.UNI-BONN.DE WEB

DISSERTATION

2.12 SCOPUS A SPECTRAL SURVEY OF BLACK HOLE SPIN IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI BRENNEMAN, LAURA 2007 UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND WEB

DISSERTATION

5.2 SCOPUS THREE DIMENSIONAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE DUMBBELL NEBULA AND THE RING NEBULA CHONG, SZE-NING 2010

HONG KONG UNIVERSITY REPOSITORY WEB

DISSERTATION

1.1 WOS THE EMERGENCE OF LIFE ON EARTH SCHULTE M 2007 OCEANOGRAPHY JOURNAL ARTICLE

3.8 WOS BACK COMPTON SCATTERING IN STRONG UNIFORM MAGNETIC FIELD XU W, HUANG W, YAN ML 2006 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE




2.2 WOS CHALLENGING THE IDENTIFICATION OF NITRIDE DUST IN EXTREME CARBON STAR SPECTRA

PITMAN KM, HOFMEISTER AM, SPECK AK 2007


7.2 WOS 3D MODELLING OF DENSITY INDUCED COASTAL CURRENTS BALAS L, TUNABOYLU S 2007

MEDCOAST 07: EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL ENVIRONMENT, VOLS 1 AND 2 BOOK CONFERENCE

6.1 WOS NUMERICAL SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION: CAN METEOROLOGISTS FORECAST THE WAY AHEAD? KEIL M 2007

ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY BOOK CONFERENCE

1.3 WOS OBSERVATIONS OF THE HIGH REDSHIFT UNIVERSE ELLIS RS 2008 SAAS-FEE ADVANCED COURSE BOOK CONFERENCE

2.3 WOS THE SMALLEST H I GALAXIES OOSTERLOO T, KOVAC K, VAN DER HULST T, ET AL. 2008


6.8 WOS

OBSERVING, MODELING AND PREDICTING THE EFFECTS OF SOLAR RADIO BURSTS ON RADIO COMMUNICATIONS MESSEROTTI M 2008 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

3.5 WOS

CLASSICAL METASTABLE SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING WITH D-TERMS: TREE-LEVEL NESTS AND VACUUM TOWERS DIENES KR, THOMAS B 2009 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

7.2 WOS THE INTRUSION OF DENSITY CURRENTS INTO WELLS M, NADARAJAH P 2009 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BOOK CONFERENCE

121

STRATIFIED WATER BODIES THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY - PROCEEDINGS

1.5 WOS ADVANCED CALIBRATION USING PHYSICAL INSTRUMENT MODELS: HST, VLT AND BEYOND ROSA MR, BRISTOW P, KERBER F 2010


3.6 WOS NONLINEAR QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS IN VACUUM AND PLASMAS

BRODIN G, LUNDIN J, MARKLUND M 2010 AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS BOOK CONFERENCE

1.1 WOS




6.5 WOS PREDICTING SURFACE GEOMAGNETIC VARIATIONS USING IONOSPHERIC ELECTRODYNAMIC MODELS WEIMER DR 2005

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.12 WOS SHIELDING SPACE EXPLORERS FROM COSMIC RAYS PARKER EN 2005


6.12 WOS SHIELDING SPACE TRAVELERS PARKER EN 2006 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN JOURNAL ARTICLE

4.8 WOS TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE HUYGENS LANDING SITE ON TITAN

SODERBLOM LA, TOMASKO MG, ARCHINAL BA, ET AL. 2007 PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.19 WOS

CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)-MODIFIED BOVINE HEMOGLOBIN BY CAPILLARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS LI XZ, YANG QH, YAN JF, ET AL. 2007

ARTIFICIAL CELLS BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE

5.2 WOS SUPERVISED FEATURE EXTRACTION BASED ON FDA AND GALAXY SPECTRA CLASSIFICATION LI XR, HU ZY, ZHAO YH 2007

SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.7 WOS

USING INVARIANT ALTITUDE (H(INV)) FOR MAPPING OF THE RADIATION BELT FLUXES IN THE LOW-ALTITUDE ENVIRONMENT CABRERA J, LEMAIRE J 2007


8.3 WOS GALACTIC ROTATION PARAMETERS FROM DATA ON OPEN STAR CLUSTERS

BOBYLEV VV, BAJKOVA AT, LEBEDEVA SV 2007


8.5 WOS OSCILLATIONS OF CORONAL LOOPS AND SECOND PULSATIONS OF SOLAR RADIO EMISSION

KOPYLOVA YG, MELNIKOV AV, STEPANOV AV, ET AL. 2007


1.2 WOS THE STRUCTURE OF THE GALACTIC HALO DU CH, WU ZY, MA J, ET AL. 2008 CHINESE JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.3 WOS GALACTIC ROTATION CURVE AND THE EFFECT OF DENSITY WAVES FROM DATA ON YOUNG OBJECTS

BOBYLEV VV, BAJKOVA AT, STEPANISHCHEV AS 2008


8.3 WOS OPEN STAR CLUSTERS IN THE SPIRAL ARMS OF OUR GALAXY POPOVA ME, LOKTIN AV 2008


3.8 WOS

THE N=1 SUPERSYMMETRIC LANDAU PROBLEM AND ITS SUPERSYMMETRIC LANDAU LEVEL PROJECTIONS: THE N=1 SUPERSYMMETRIC MOYAL-VOROS SUPERPLANE

BEN GELOUN J, GOVAERTS J, SCHOLTZ FG 2009

JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL JOURNAL ARTICLE

8.1 WOS

LONG-WAVELENGTH MHD INSTABILITY IN THE PREFRONT OF COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS WITH ACCELERATED PARTICLES

BYKOV AM, OSIPOV SM, TOPTYGIN IN 2009


3.8 WOS SUPER-LANDAU MODELS: UNITARITY AND HIDDEN IVANOV EA 2010 PHYSICS OF ATOMIC NUCLEI JOURNAL ARTICLE

122

SYMMETRIES

3.9 WOS MAJORANA CP VIOLATION IN APPROXIMATELY MU-TAU SYMMETRIC MODELS WITH DET(M-V)=0 BABA T, YASUE M 2010 PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS JOURNAL ARTICLE

6.13 WOS FIELD DETERMINATION OF CARGO-DECK FRICTION COEFFICIENTS

ROMERO JA, MARTINEZ M, LOZANO A 2005

PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME DESIGN ENGINEERING DIVISION 2005, PTS A AND B BOOK CONFERENCE

4.1 WOS

RELEASE OF NEUTRAL SODIUM ATOMS FROM THE SURFACE OF MERCURY INDUCED BY METEOROID IMPACTS (VOL 177, PG 122, 2005)

CREMONESE G, BRUNO M, MANGANO V, ET AL. 2006 ICARUS JOURNAL CORRECTION

2.8 WOS GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEMS OF SIX SHELL GALAXIES SIKKEMA G, PELETIER RF, CARTER D, ET AL. 2006 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS JOURNAL REVIEW

3.18 WOS PHASE STRUCTURE AND PHASE TRANSITION OF NUCLEUS AND STRONG INTERACTING MATTER LIU YX, MU LZ, CHANG L, ET AL. 2006

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS-CHINESE EDITION JOURNAL REVIEW

8.11 WOS NONLINEAR THEORY OF ION-ACOUSTIC WAVES IN AN ELECTRON-POSITRON-ION PLASMA DUBINOV AE, SAZONKIN MA 2009 PLASMA PHYSICS REPORTS JOURNAL REVIEW

8.2 WOS INTERVENTIONS FOR PREVENTING POSTERIOR CAPSULE OPACIFICATION

FINDL O, BUEHL W, BAUER P, ET AL. 2010

COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS JOURNAL REVIEW

3.8 WOS LAUGHLIN'S WAVE FUNCTION AND ANGULAR MOMENTUM SHRIVASTAVA KN 2011

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B JOURNAL REVIEW

Documents

What are the implication of the new wave of citation ...dagda.shef.ac.uk/dispub/dissertations/2010-11/... · Chapter 2 A Literature Review 14 2.1 Citation Analysis 14 2.2 Competition