What are protists?

• Very diverse group of organisms containing over 200,000 species

• Most are unicellular

• All protists are Eukaryotes.– What does this mean?

• Contains nucleus • And membrane bound organelles

– Any eukaryote that doesn’t fit as a plant, animal, or fungus is characterized as a Protist.

How are protists classified?

• According to the way they obtain nutrition:– Autotrophs (plant-like)– Heterotrophs (animal-like)– Decomposers and parasitic heterotrophs

(fungus-like)

Animal like protists (protozoans) are

distinguished from each other by the

way they…

Protozoa

• Means “first animals”

• All unicellular

• Classified by movement-type

Types of movements:

1.Zooflagellates (use flagella)- Draw a picture under the box in your notes

Giardia lamblia

2. Sarcodine(Use pseudopods -extension of cytoplasm)

- Draw a picture under the box in your notes

Types of movements:

Types of movements:

3. Ciliates (use cilia)- Draw a picture under the box in your notes

Animallike Protists:

4. Sporozoans- Do not move on their own–Parasitic to animals

–Ex. Malaria is caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium.

Practice!

• Turn to your neighbor and quiz one another on the four categories of animallike protists and how they move.

Locomotion is generally a characteristic of animals. However, some

chlorophyll-containing protists move about by means of flagella.

How does this adaptation allow these photosynthetic organisms to have a

higher fitness for some environments?

Protists that contain chlorophyll and other pigments to do photosynthesis are grouped into a category called:

Commonly called…

Multicellular Algae

• Include seaweeds and kelp

• used in foods such as sushi, ice cream, salad dressing, candy, etc.

Red Algae

• Characteristics: contain green and red pigments

• Role/Function: – Deeper sea, great at harvesting

light– Help form coral reefs– Some used in foods and to make

agar

Brown algae

• Characteristics: contain green and brown pigments

• Role/Function: – Form large habitats in aquatic

ecosystems– Used some in food

Green algae

• Characteristics: – Green pigments

• Role/Function: some form symbiotic relationships with other organisms

Spirogyra- multicellular

Volvox- colonial

Ulva- multicellula

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Lets identify some multicellular algae!

• Talk among your groups quickly with each picture to decide the types you see and why.

Unicellular plantlike protists are:

EuglenophytesChrysophytes

DiatomsDinoflagellates

Plantlike protist that have two flagella, no cell wall and contain chloroplasts

Do you see the eyespot?

What do you think is its purpose?

Among the most abundant and beautiful organisms. Cell walls made of silica.

Half their life is photosynthetic; the other half is heterotrophicCauses the RED TIDE

Heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter

they secrete digestive enzymes and then suck up the nutrients

Fungus-like protist include:1.Slime molds- grown on the

forest floor

How do these slime molds get nutrients?

-Thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water (ever seen dead fuzzy fish?)

-Plant parasites on land

2. Water molds

How would you classify this protist?

This protist uses its flagella for movement, but is able to produce its own food. It does this because it contains green-colored chloroplasts which is uses to carry out photosynthesis.

Ticket Out the Door

What characteristics do these organisms have that place them in the Kingdom Protista?