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14

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~ ~ IDU~ ~,m q)f ~ ~ ~ 9:l if iR~ if m~ ~,m q)f ~ '"ftf ~, ~,m ~~ ctt ~,m Cbl ~"ChR '"ftf fclim \1fT ~

fl

~tiM*~~ ~ (virus ecology) \3fu: ~ ~

(plant health) wq.m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~,m Cbl cfR 'qTTif if ~ fclim \1fT ~ ~ I

>f~ >fChf{ ~~,m coT 01cHIOHtl ~ ~ ~~ I ~ >fChf{ ~ ~,m ctt SIIC[lRtChq{41ftl<:!1ctt U&:rr~ M~\3fu: ~ (1lIClI~Ch~fl'n8lCh ~ -ij" m~ ~ 'qTTif if qW ~ ~ I ~ w.fift ~ ~~(Cucumo), ;frql (Nepo), ~ (liar), >3i~I~1

(Alfalfa), \3fu: ~ ~ ~ ~ (tomato spotted

wilt virus) ~ if qW ~ ~ I ~ >fChf{ ~ ~

~ <:IT~ rwrm-¥ffi ~ ~ ~ Cbl ~ ~~I ~~,mq)f~~cmmcrr~~~(1lIClI~Ch~ ~!fflf iffi ~I ~l'n8lCh ~q))OI -ij" ~

~ iR ~ if m mfiffi ~ ~~ ~ if~1Tmq)f~ mcrr~ I ~ 3i~I3~I~{OI ~ 1:Jf2T (Poty),q;rffi

(Carla), ~ (Potex), ~ (Caulimo) \3fu: ~(tobamo) ~ ~ ~I mm ~ ~~,m ~~ ~ Q(q'lftl<:!l·q"{ ~ ~ -ij" ~ ~ ~ \3fu:flltilO{ld: ~ q"{ CljQ\J111 WI ~ ~ ~ \3fu:~-~ Tf ~ m ~ ~ \3fu: ~ ~~(transmission efficiency) ~ M ~I~~ fM~, ~~ ~ it, QMI(lnf.i4ti

~ ~, QMI(lnf.i4ti fM ~ \3fu: QMI(lnf.i4ti fM~ ClI~{?l\i1 (Crysanthemum Ring Pattern,

Chrysanthemum Virus D, Pelargonium Flower Break,

Pelargonium Ring Pattern and Pelargonium Ring

Spot Viruses) ~ >fChf{ ~ ~,m ~ 13~1~{OI~1,3,4 I

~ ~ ~ ~ ~,m \3fu: ~ ~ q)f quf;J

m(1lfi 1 if fclim Tf4T~ I

~ 1- ~ 1:fttU.~_~ ~ 0fu:m ~~~~ ~~~

;wJ

(Virus (Virus) (Name of

group) ornamental hostplant)

~~ U\ff~ ~(liar virus) (Rose mosaic) (Rosasp.)

~~ ~(Apple mosaic) (Rosasp.)

~~ftrr~ ~(Prunus necrotic ring spot) (Rosasp.)

~@co ~0fu:~(Tobacco streak) (Rosasp. &

Dahlia sp.)

Q;~(I'I~ ~ 2 Q;~(I'I~

(Asparagus virus 2) (Asparagus)

~ ftrr lfTfurr ~(Lilac ring mottle) (Lilac)

i\1~~D1"lI~ i\1~~D1"l1

(Hydrangea mosaic) (Hydrangea)

~ ~ Q;<ITlMI'1~ Q;<ITlMI'1

(Gemini (Abutilon mosaic) (Abutilon)

virus)

~~ 41~'1(11tl"ll

(Euphorbia mosaic) (Polensetia)

~~ ~(Ageratum yellow vein) (Ageratum)

~~~ ~(Balsam leaf curl) (Balsam)

~~$IT~ ~~(Holyhock yellow mosaic) (Holyhock)

~~~ ~~~"M(HibiSCUSleaf curl) (Hibiscus)

~~~ ~(Zinnia leaf curl) (Zinnia)

~~ ~~~~ ~,iIfq~m

(Faba (Broad bean wilt faba) (Petunia,

virus) Nausturtium)

~

~1-~~iii~~3tR~~

~~ ~ ~~iii;wr

(Virus (Virus) (Name of

group) ornamental hostplant)

~~ ~~ ~,.(Necro (Tobacco necrosis) (Tulip, Primula)

virus)

~ ~~-~~~(Cucumo (Chrysanthemum aspermy) (Chrysanthemum)

virus)

~,~,·$lf%q~IMlii

(Canna, Dahlia,Gladiolus)

(\1~~Ptql,

~,~

15

~1-~~iii~~3tR~~

~~ ~ ~~iii;wr

(Virus (Virus) (Name of

group) ornamental hostplant)

(Cymbidium Ring Spot) (Pelargonium)

q~I(·i'tf.lq'1 ~ q)(if q~I{'nf.lq'l

(Pelargonium Leaf Curl) (Pelargonium)

~~~ ~(Petunia Asteroid Mosaic) (Petunia)

Wit~ coR!lR~~1 coR!lR

(Crypto (carnation Cryptic Virus 1) (Carnation)

viru~)

coR!lR~~2 coR!lH

(Carnation Cryptic Virus 2) (Carnation)

~~~~ ~~(Garland Chrysanthemum ChrysanthemumTemperate)

4;1~1Rlflql ~ ~(Poiensetia Cryptic) (Euphorbia)

;fTqT~ ~fM~ q~I(·i'lf.lll'l

(Nepo (Tobacco Ring Spot) (Pelargonium)

virus)

~fM~ q~I(,nf.lll'l

~1~~Mlll

(Tomato Ring Spot) (PelargoniumHydrangea)

~~ ~'~'~

(Arabis Mosaic) (Narcissus,Lilium, Tulip)

~fM~ ~(Raspberry Ring Spot) (Narcissus)

~~ ~(Eucharis Mottle) (Eucharis)

~~fM~ ~dV7T

ffl2loiRl&

(Hibiscus Latent Ring Spot) (Hibiscus rosa

sinensis;

\(Cucumber virus)

(Hydrangea, Iris,Lilium)

~,~,~(Tulip, Lupin,Narcissus)

q~1(·nf.lll'l,

qq(lrllli

(Pelargonium,peperomia)

~,~,~(Salvia, Begonia

41~1Rlflql

~,4l~I~21Rql <triT~

(Artichoke Vein Bending) (Artichoke)

~~(Tombus

virus)

(Schrofularia Mottlle,Poiensetia Mosaic, ClitoriaYellow Vein)

coR!lR~fM~

(Schrofularia,EuphorbiaClitoria)

coR!lR, Rl~f%q'l

(Carnation Italian RingSpot)

Rl~f%q'1 fM ~

(Camation,Cymbidium)

q~I('nf.lll'l

16 ~~~~~~~6(~1)~1998

m{u\t 1-~ qrcn ~ ~~ \3fr{ ~~ m{u\t 1-~ qrcn ~ ~~ \3fr{ ~ ~

~~ ~ wWft~~ ~~ ~ wWft~~;wr ;wr

(Virus (Virus) (Name of (Virus (Virus) (Name of

group) ornamental host group) ornamental host

plant) plant)

~~ffl1~ ~ (Tospo (Tomato Spotted Wilt) (Dahlia,

(Artichoke Yellow Ring (Artichoke) virus) Gladiolus)

Spot) ~,~,

~3TI WwfR~~ T/J1qff;ff ~ ~

~ (Ageratum,

(Luteo (Soyabean Drawf Luteo) ( GhomphreneLupin, Gerbera)

virus) g/obosa) ~,~

~~~ ~(Calendula,

(Beet Western Yellows) (Phlox)Zinnia)

~~~ ~Cfilll1~ q;R~R~ q;R~R

~~(8adna (Canna Yellow Mottle) (Canna)

(Carmo (Carnation Mottle) (Carnation) virus)virus) ~ifq~ ~

~ #i'I€li"ltl'l ffl1~ ~ (Kalanchoe Top Spotting) (Kalanchoe)(Hibiscus chlorotic ring (Hibiscus)

Cfi)~~I~"11~ ~ Cfi)~~I~"11spot)

q~I('j)f.l4'1 ~ ~ q~I(,j)f.l4'1 (Commelina Yellow Mottle) (Commelina)

(Pelargonium Flower (Pelargonium) ~ ~~ ~,~,

Break) ~ ~~~~ tl'l1:{;J,"141 (Alfalfa mosaic) (Alfalfa Mosaic)

~l<IT ~~ s~fH~~~ Cfi)('11Cbffi41

(Sagru Cactus Virus) (Cactus) (Rhabdo (Dasheen boben rhabdo (Colocasia)

~.m q;R~RWr~ q;R~R virus) virus)

~ q~I(,j)f.l4'1 ~ FcWt4f{'1 q~I(,j)f.l4'1

(Diantho (Carnation Ring Spot) (Carnation) ~virus) (Pelargonium leaf clearing (Pelargonium)

~ q;R~R ~Wr q;R~ virus)

~ ~~ ~ iful€lffie tfll~~i~l'l'l

(Caulimo (Carnation Etched Ring) (Carnation) (Chrysanthemum Vein (Chrysanthemum)

virus)Chlorosis)

~~ ~ ~~ ~

(Dahlia Mosaic) (Dahlia)(Gerbera Latent) (Gerbera)

~ ~ FcWt4f{'1 ~~~~ ~

(Petunia Vein Clearing) (Petunia)(Gerbera symptomless) (Gerbera)

c:rID~ ~~~ ~,i3llfts".~ g~f<14'1

1~i%~"\I~e (Orchid fleck rahbdo) (Drmftpnoi,Cymbidium)

um)

~1-~~~~~*rr~~

~~~ ~~~~

(Virus

group)

(Virus) (Name ofornamental hostplant)

.:msloiJ·~16'1

(Odantoglassum,Iris)

cnR~

17

~1-~~~~~*rr~~

~~~ ~~~;w{

(Virus

group)

(Virus) (Name ofornamental hostplant)

fu~~q'1~(Cymbidium,Cattleya)

l\1~~~ql

(Hydrnagea)

«INendinadomestica)

#t-r ffl$17fiM(Nerine sinensis)

#rr.qf{~

(Agapanthus

sp.)~.~( Viola odarata)

#1I/df(?n~( Clitoria

ternatea)

Q;#hl' 16

(Asparagus)

~~,~(Lilium, Tulip)

~,~(Lilium, Tulip)

1"Tffimf(Narcissus)

~(Cactus)

~~~(Rhabdo like particle)

(Carnation)

~ ~ fcRi1~I"("'1~ 3lT¢t

(Ivy Vein Clearing virus) (Ivy)

OOT~~~ ~~,~,;ffiTrn

(Tobra

virus)

(Tobacco Rattle) (Hycinth, Tulip)

~,~,~(Lilium, Crocus,Aster)

·~~ql\i16

(Gladiolus)

~4'>1~~'1,

~,~(Hippeastrum,Petunia, Gerbera)

(Tobamo (Tobacco mosaic)

virus)

~, fu¥<St')~q'1

(Cattleya,Cymbidium)

m~~ ~(Simon's opantia tobamo) (Cactus)

~~ wlftw~Jtf?I!jIfiJ#!?II

(Frangipani mosaic) (Plumeria

acutifolia)

wlftw~(Plumeria alba)

~~1~~(Potex

virus)

(Cactus virus 1) (Cactus)

(Cymbidium mosaic)

l\1~~~ql fttT ~

(Hydrangea ring spot)

7riRr sNRefl)!

(Nendina mosaic)

(Nerine virus x)

~3llirrr ~(Viola mottle)

#11{ilRql ~

(Clitoria mosaic)

Q;#hl'le ~ 3

(Asparagus virus 3)

~~~~(Daphne (Daphne)

virus x)

fffi;ft~ ~(Lily virus x)

~~~(Tulip virus x)

1"Tffimf ~(Narcissus mosaic)

q;r\iIf ~ ~ ~ 2

(Carla (Cactus virus 2)

virus)

~ 1-~1ftmFt~~\3ftt~ ~ ~ 1-~1ftmFt~~\3ftt ~~

~~ ~ ~~Ft ~~ ~ ~~Ft;w{

;w{

(Virus (Virus) (Name of (Virus (Virus) (Name ofgroup) ornamental host ornamental host

plant) group)plant)

cm~R~ cm~R (Fuschia latent) (Fuschia)(Carnation latent) (Carnation) ·&jfgql(i1(1 fM ~ ·&jfgq"lI(i1(1RiTW~ "CIl1"« ~ ~~ (Gladiolus ring spot) (Gladiolus)(Chrysanthemum virus B) (Chrysanthemum) ~iRr~ ~~Rr~~~ ~ (Impatiens latent) (Impatiens)(Helinium virus s) (Helinium) ~ cm~R~. cm~R~~ ~ ~(Hippeastrum latent) (Hippeastrum) (Clostero (Carnation necrotic fleck) (Camation)

~~~ ~ virus)

(Honey suckle latent) (Lonicera) CIilif~R~ • cm~R

~ i'tl"4c'l&j(1 ~ (Carnation yellow fleck) (Carnation)

(Lily symptomless) (Lilium) %~fgq'l~~ %~fgq'l

~~ ~ (Dendrobium vein mottle) (Dendrobium)

(Narcissus latent) (Narcissus) ~ ~ #11?lf2fb ~ ~ ~

~~ ~ ~(Nausturtium mosaic) (Nausturtium) (Capilo (Lilac chlorotic leaf spot) (Lilac)

~~ ~ virua)

(Nerine latent) (Nerine) ~~fGWT~ ~

~" "I ~ ~" "I(Nendina stem pitting virus) (Nendina)

(t1"f?(!11(1 (t1"f?(!1I(11:fTit ~ ~~~ ·&jfg41(i1(1,

(Passiflora latent) (Passiflora)~,~

q~IiI~f{ql qm;rt qR:t(i)~f{q I(Poty virus) (Bean yellow mosaic) (Gladiolus, Iris

(Alstroemeria carla) (Alstroemeria) and Freesia)

~~~ ~ ~,~(Daphne virus s) (Daphne) (Canna, Lupin)

(s1~~Dl41~ (s1~~Dlql ~~~ ~(Hydrangea latent) (Hydrangea) (Bearded Iris mosaic) (Iris)

~~ ~ cm~R~~ cm~R(Kalanchoe latent) (Kalanchoe) (Carnation vein mottle) (Carnation)

~ s~lR~ gl~Cfl1~fch'"ll~~ ~ (Dasheen mosaic)(Lilac mottle) (Lilac) c6t(!1Vbi'tl'"II,~fM~ ~ *~(Lilac ring spot) (Lilac) (Colocasia,

~~ ~Xanthosoma)

~

lim ~: 0FfHrt'lli ~ ~ ~ WI - ~ ~!ffi 19

~1-~~~~~.i3fR~~ ~1-~~~~~i3fR~~

~~ ~ ~~~;wr

~~ ~ ~~~(Virus (Virus) (Name ofgroup) ornamental host

;wrplant) (Virus (Virus) (Name of

~~ ~ group) ornamental host

(Hippeastrum mosaic)plant)

(Hippeastrum)(Petunia,

~Cf\Wf~ ~ Anemone,

(Helenium virus Y) (Helenium) Mathiola)

~ ~ ~1~'1If.H'I'l, tw~~~ (Limonium

(Iris fulva mosaic) (Iris) Q~@~f{tll ~ Q~@~f{lIl

~~~ ~(Alstroemeria mosaic) (Alstroemeria)

(Iris severe mosaic) (Iris) ~~~lfTfuir ~

~~~ ~(Amaranthus leaf mottle) (Amaranthus)

(Iris mild mosaic) (Iris) Q¢HI'I!.1 Q~(I'I(i

~~ ~ (Asparagus) (Asparagus)

(Freesia mosaic) (Freesia) ~Cf\Wf~ ~

~~~R ~ (Daphne virus Y) (Daphne)

(Narcissus degeneration) (Narcissus) -rffift3ffirr~~ -rffift3ffirr

~~~ ~ (Gloriosa stripe mosaic) (Gloriosa)

(Narcissus yellow stripe) (Narcissus) ~~ ~1lfm:r~~~ ~ (Primula mosaic) (Primula)

(Narcissus late seasons (Narcissus) ~3TIwf~ 1 ~3TIwfyellows) (Tropaeolum virus 1)

~~~ ~1~'11f.'t1l'l (Tropaeolum)

(Statics cirus Y) (Limonium) ~3TIwf~2 ~3TIwf

~ ~(Tropaeolum virus 2) (Tropaeolum)

#1IU~Cf) ~~ ~~ (Tuberose mosaic) (Tuberose)

(Tulip chlorotic blotch) (Tulip) ~~ ~~~~ ~,~ (Vanila mosaic) (Vanila orchid)

(Tulip breaking) (Tulip, Lilium) ~~ ~~~~~ ~ (Amaranthus mosaic) (Amaranth us)

(Tulip tip breaking) (Tulip) sl~~lI'l ~ g~~lI'l

~~ ~, (Dendrobium mosaic) (Dendrobium)wrt~-Wm ~~ ~

(Turnip mosaic) (Zinnia (Merigold mosaic) (Merigold)

~,~, ~~ ~4mi3lWrr (Nerine mosaic) (Nerine)

~

r,I,

21

6.