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Lessons Learnt from Monitoring at the Weyburn
and Aquistore Projects
Neil Wildgust, Chief Project Officer
May 16, 2012
International Workshop on Knowledge Sharing in MVA/MMV, Mobile, Alabama
Petroleum Technology Research Centre ! "!"#$%&"'()*+,+-&./)0)1+2+3"45+#()
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IEAGHG Weyburn-Midale CO2 Monitoring & Storage Project (WMP) 2000 to 2012
Aquistore !@FG@,1H*I@+JF%
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6
Integrated technology portfolio for geologic CO2 storage
Modeling
CO2 injection: lab to field scale
predict isolation performance
measure isolation
performance
History Match
compare results: resolve discrepancies & refine CMM capabilities
Monitoring
provide fund’l data & test bed for MMC
Site Characterization
define initial & bdry conds
•" Calibrate predictive models •" t-lapse data for iterative site char & modeling refinement •" Demo regulatory compliance •" Crucial for public acceptance
Chapter 3 Modeling
Chapter 2 Site Characterization
Chapters 4-5 Monitoring
Chapter 6 History Match
Isolation performance •" Capacity •" Footprint •" Containment •" Risk (CFC uncertainty)
•" Demo site feasibility •" ID screening criteria •" Design site char, injection, & monitoring strategies •" Quantify risk (CFC uncertainty)
Staged Study Areas: Regional GeoScience Framework Area of Investigation:!
>30,000 wells in study area!-"11,121 drill stem tests!-"6,292 wells with digital core analyses!-"9,207 formation water chemistry samples!
3D Time-Lapse Seismic: CO2 Distribution
Reservoir
Monitoring regional subsurface distribution of CO2: •"Verifying storage conformance •"A primary input for updating reservoir models •"Optimal resolving capability •"Sensitive to low CO2 saturations •"Data repeatability is fundamental
3D Time-Lapse Seismic: Pressure vs. CO2 Saturation
Inversion of prestack seismic data: •" Semi-quantitative CO2 saturation and P changes •" Results are model-based •"Characterization of reservoir rock physics is essential •" Monitoring survey design is important as “long offset” data are required
3D Time-Lapse Seismic: Containment
500
700
900
1100
1300
TWT
(S)
Caprock Watrous Reservoir
Vanguard
Colorado
1
2 3
Interval travel-time changes: •" Semi-quantitative apportionment of CO2 within various layers of the storage complex •" Results are model-based •"Characterization of reservoir rock physics is essential •" Data repeatability is essential
> 85%
< 1%
Seal Integrity: Fracture Mapping
Injectors Producers Anisotropy
Anisotropy vectors
Bunge, 2000 Reservoir oriented core sample fracture analysis
Caprock Anisotropy Vectors
Seismic anisotropy as a proxy for vertical fracturing: •" Means of identifying potential fracture zones regionally •" Scale of individual fractures and hydraulic conductivity is not resolved •" “Fracture zones” may warrant subsequent attention
Passive Seismic Monitoring Documentation of time, magnitude and location of seismicity: •"Public assurance •"Integrity of the sealing units •"Injection control
13
BPM chapter 4: Geochemical monitoring 4.1 Summary
4.2 Introduction 4.2.1 Context 4.2.2 Objectives 4.2.3 Components
4.3 Soil gas
4.4 Groundwater
4.5 Reservoir fluids 4.5.1 Produced brines & gases 4.5.2 Produced hydrocarbons
4.6 Reservoir/caprock core
4.7 Recommendations
April 2003
14
Soil gas monitoring: Overview
Research Providers !"Dave Jones et al. (BGS)
!"Dave Risk et al. (StFX) Measurements
!"CO2, O2, N2 conc. !"CH4, C2H6, C2H4 conc. !"Rn, He conc. !"CO2 flux !"C isotopes
Methods !"Single-depth (BGS),
depth-profile (StFX) CO2
!"CO2 flux (BGS) !"Continuous CO2 (BGS),
CO2 flux (StFX) !" !13CO2,, 14CO2
Site-1 Site-2
Site-3
Soil Gas Monitoring Data
Wellbore Field Testing Program Modified coring tool: !! Direct confirmation of cement
Unit #3
SaskPower Boundary Dam Project
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