Weld Discontinuity Evaluation Guide-Bolje Skenirano

Internul Concavitv

WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION GAIDE

ASME Section WII - Div ISmoothly contoured concavity permitted ,f equalreinforcement is provided (UW-3 5.d)

ASME 831.3Shall not reduce the total thiclcness of the joint,including reinforcement to less than the thickness ofthe thinner of the components being joined. Total jointthiclcness including weld reinforcement ) : t(Table 341.3.2)

API 1I04Density of any area exceeding the density of thethinnest adjacent base nrctal is unacceptable. (9.3.6.)

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WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION GUIDE

Slug Inclusions

ASME Section WII - Div 1 100ok Rsdiosran' ,,Material thickness Max. slag length

<3/4" I/4"3/4" to 2 I/4" I/3 t

> 2 l/4" 3/4"Max total Length - t in I2t(UW-S1.b.2 and b.3)

ASME Section WII - Div I Snot Radiosran' rMax length of 2/3tMax total length t in l2t of weldMax width of 3/32" or I/3t

.(UW-52.c.2)

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsMax length I/3tMax total length t in I2t of weldMax width of 3/32" or I/3t (Thu lesser)(Table 34 I .3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceMax length 2tMax total length 4t in 6" ofweldMax width of 1/8" or l/2t (The lesser) (Table 341.3.2)

API 1IO4Max width l/13", The total eccumulated length shallnot exceed 8% of the weld length. Isolated inclusionsare not exceed 2" in any continuous 12" -fo, pipe 23/8" O.D. and larger. For pipe O.D. less than 2 3/8"inclusions are limited to 3 times the thinnest of the

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pipes being joined (9.3.8)

t : Vf/all thiclcness

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WELD DISCONTINAITY EVALUATION GUIDE

SIae Inclusions

i r-*-iir,:$r.r,:rq,,.r*11r:;!i;.;,.:ff1!;ti4 ASME Section WII - Div I 100% RadiogranhV| * ' :

i @ nf , Material thiclcness Max. slag lengtht *@ - ,u* ' ' <3 /4 " I /4 "\ "2 , : ,,,i 3/4,, to 2 I/4,, I/3 tt r *

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Max total Length - t in I2t(UW-5 1.b.2 and b.3)

ASME Section WII - Div I S^ot Radiosra-' ',Max length of 2/3tMax total length t in I2t of weldMax width of 3/32" or I/3t (UW-52.c.2)

ASME f.31.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsMax length 1/3tMax total length t in I2t of weldMax width of 3/32" or I/3t (Thu lesser)(Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceMax length 2tMax total length 4t in 6" ofweldMax width of I/8" or I/2t (The lesser)(Table 341.3.2)

API 1104Max width I/13", The total accumulated length shallnot exceed B% of the weld length. Isolated

inclusions are not exceed 2" in any continuous I2" for pipe 2 3/8" O.D. and larger. Forpipe O.D. less than 2 3/8" inclusions are limited to 3 times the thinnest of the pipes beingjoined (9.3.8)

t: Wall thickness

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Excessive Root Penetrution

ASME Section WII - Div 1Material thiclcnessI/I6" to 3/32"> 3/32" to 3/I6">3/l6" to I/2"> I/2" to I"> I " to 2">2" to 3">3" to 4">5"(uw-35,d)

ASME 831.3Material thiclcness< I/4"> I/4" to I/2">l /2" to I"Over I "(Table 34 I .3.2)

API 1I 04Not Covered

Max Heightr/32"t/16"5/32"3/I6"I /8"s/32"7/32"5/r6"

Max Heightr/r 6"T /8"5/32"3/r6"

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fncom-' ' Fasion

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ASME 831.3I,{one Allowed (Table 341.3.2)

API 1104Root pass: Maximum l" length of 12" of weld or9% of total weld length (9.3.4)Sidewall of between beads (cold-lop): Max lengthper indication < 2", 2" in 12" of weld andtotal length or any indications not to exceed 80%of total weld length (9.3.5)

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fncom^- ' Penetrution

ASME Section VIII - Div IIVone allowed (UW-S I,b,I)

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsIVone allowed (Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceMax depth of 1/32" or 20% of Wall Thiclcness,whichever is smaller. Max length of I I/2" in 6" ofweld. Ir{one allowedfor long seams.(Table 34 I .3.2)

API 1104Max I" in 12" ofweld or Bo% of weld length if lessthan 12" (9.3.1)For inadequate cross penetration: Maximum of 2"and cumulative 2" in I2" of continuous weld (9.3.3)

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Incomplete Penetration Due to High-Low

ASME Section VIII - Div II{one allowed (UW-S I,b,l)

ASME 831.3IVone allowed (Table 341.3.2)

API I1O4Max individual length: l "Max accumLtlated length of 3" inweld (9.3.2)

12" of continuous

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Cracks

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ASME Section VIII - Div IIt{one allowed (UW-S I,b,I)

ASME 831.3IVone allowed (Table 341.3.2)

API I1O4Shallow Crater crack or star crack not belonger than 5/32". Shallow Crater crack orstar cracks are located at the stopping point ofweld beads and are result of weld metalc ontractions during s olidifi c ation.Cracks of any size or location in the weld arenot allowed

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WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALAATION GAIDE

Crucks

ASME Section VIII - Div Ift lt{one allowed (UW-S I,b,l)

ASME 831.3I{one allowed (Table 341.3.2)

API I1O4Shallow Crater crack or star crack not belonger than 5/32". Shallow Crater crack orstar cracks are located at the stopping point ofweld beads and are result of weld metalc ontractions during s ol idifi c ation.Cracks of any size or location in the weld arenot allowed

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Crucks

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It{one allowed (Table 341.3.2)

API 1104Shallow Crater crack or star crack not be longerthan 5/32". Shallow Crater crack or star cracksare located at the stopping point of weld beadsand are result of weld metal contractions duringsolidification.Cracks of any size or location in the weld arenot allowed

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TryE LD DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION GAIDE

Misalignment

ASME Section WII - Div I

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Mat. Thiclcness< I/2"

> l/2" to 3/4">3/4" to I-1/2"> I-I/2" to 2">2" Lesser of(UW-33a)

Long. Max.I /4tr /8"r /8"r /8"I/16 t or 3/8"

Circum. Max.I/4 t1/4 t3/r6"I/B tI/Bt or 3/4"

ASME 831.3Inside diameters of components at end to be joinedmust be aligned within engineering design andwelding procedure ( WPS ). (the lesser of I/4 t or3/16" recommended). If the external surfaces of thetwo components are not aligned, the weld shall betapered between the surfaces. (328.4.3)

API 1IO4The offiet should not exceed I/8"Greater ffiet caused by dimensional variationsshall be equally distributed around thecircumference of the pipe. (7.2)

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WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALAATION GUIDE

Tungsten Inclusions

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ASME Section WII - Div I 100% RadioeraohvMaterial thiclcness Max slag length

<3/4" I /4"3/4" to 2 I/4" I/3 t

> 2 I/4" 3/4"Max total Length : t in I2t(rW-S1.b.2 and b.3)

ASME Section WII - Div I Sn 'Radioeraohv

Max length of 2/3tMax total length t in I2t of weldMax width of 3/32" or 1/3t (UW-52.c.2)

ASME /.31.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsMax length 1/3tMax total length t in I2t of weldMax width of 3/32" or I/3t (The lesser)(Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceMax length 2tMax total length 4t in 6" of weldMax width of I/8" or I/2t (The lesser)(Table 341.3.2)

API 1IO4Max width l/l3", The total accumulated lengthshall not exceed 8% of the weld length. Isolatedinclusions are not exceed 2" in any continuous 12"

"for pipe 2 3/8" O.D. and larger. For pipe O.D. lesstimes the thinnest of the pipes being joined (9.3.8)than 2 3/8" inclusions are limited to 3

t : Wall thiclcness

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WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALAATION GUIDE 1 4

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Maximum size for any indication shall be thelesser of 1/4t or 5/32". Isolated indicationsseparated by at least l" is the lesser of I/3t orI/4". For t >2" The maximum acceptable size is3/8" (Appendix 4)

ASME Section WII - Div 1. Soot Radioera-bvRounded indications are not a factor in theacceptability of welds if that welds not required

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to be fully radiographed.(UW-52,(c),(3))

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsMaximum size for any indication shall be thelesser of 1/4t or 5/32". Isolated indicationsseparated by at least I" is the lesser of I/3t orl/4". For t >2" The maximum acceptable size is3/8". Not surface porosiQ allowed.

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceFor t < l/4", requirements are the sqme as forsevere cyclic conditions. For t > I/4"requirements are 1.5 times thosefor severe cyclicconditions. Not surface porosiQ allowed.

API 1104Max dimension l/8" or 25% of weld thiclcness,whichever is smaller, (9.3.9.2) Cluster: Max

area of I/2" diameter. Max individual pore S l/16". Max 1/2'lmgth in 12" ofweld.(9.3.9.3) Hollow bead: Max length l/2'. Max 2" length in 12" ofweldwith individualdiscontinuities exceeding I/4" in length separated by at least 2". The total accumulatedlength shall not exceed 80% ofweld length (9.3.9.4)

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WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALAATION GUIDE

Externul Concavitv

ASME Section WII - Div ISmoothly contoured concavity permitted if equalreinforcement is provided (UW-3 5.d)

ASME '.31.3Shall not reduce the total thiclcness of the joint,including reinforcement to less than the thiclcness ofthe thinner of the components being joined. Totaljoint thiclcness including weld reinforcement ) - t(Table 34 I .3.2)

API I1O4DensiQ of any area exceeding the density of thethinnest adjacent base metal is unacceptable. (9.3.6.)

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WELD DISCONTINAITY EVALUATION GUIDE t 6

Burn - Through

ASME Section WII - Div IIr{ot Covered. see (Jndercut

ASME 831.3It{ot covered, see Incomplete penetration

API 1IO4Maximum dimension shall not exceed I/4" orthe thinnest of the pipe wall thiclcness beingjoined. Ir,lot film densiQ exceed that ofthinnest adjacent base material. Total ofmaximum dimensions in 12" of weld shall notexceed I/2"(e.3.7.2)

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WELD DISCONTINUITY EVALUATION GUIDE I 7

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ASME Section WII - Div IThe weld must be free of coarse ripples, grooves,over laps, abrupt ridges or valleys. Ary thiclcnessreduction due to welding shall not exceed the lesserof I/32" or I0% of adjoining wall thicl*tess.(UW-3s(a) and (b)(1) and (2))

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsI{ot allowed (Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceMax Depth of I/32" or 25% of wall Thiclwtess,whichever is smaller, lVot allowed longitudinal buttjoints. (Table 34 1.3.2)

API 1104Total length of undercut shall not exceed 2" in I2"of weld.The total accumulations shall not exceed I/6 of theweld length (9.3.1 I)For mechanical measurement when is availableDepth > 1/32" o ) 12.5% of wall thiclcness,whichever is smaller, the undercut is not allowed.Depth > I/64" or between 6% and 12.5% of wallthiclcness whichever is smaller, length: 2" I anycontinuous I2" weld length or l/6 the weld length,whichever is smaller.Depth -< l/64" or -< 6?5 of pipe wall thiclcnesswhichever is smaller, the undercut is acceptable,

regardles s of length (9 .7 . 1)

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WELD D ISCONTINAITY EVALUATION GUIDE

Porositv

ASME Section WII - Div I 100%RadiographyMaximum size for any indication shall be thelesser of I/4t or 5/32". Isolated indicationsseparated by at least I" is the lesser of 1/3t orI/4". For t >2" The maximum acceptable sizeis 3/8" (Appendix 4)

ASME Section WII - Div I S'ot Radiosra^' "Rounded indications are not a factor in theacceptability of welds if that welds notrequired to be fully radiographed.(rJW-5 2, (c), (3))

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsMaximum size for any indication shall be thelesser of 1/4t or 5/32". Isolated indicationsseparated by at least l" is the lesser of I/3t orl/4". For t >2" The maximum acceptable sizeis 3/8". Not surface porosiQ allowed.(Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceFor t < I/4", requirements are the same as forsevere cyclic conditions. For t > I/4"requirements are 1.5 times thosefor severecyclic conditions. ll/ot surface porosityallowed. (Table 34 1.3.2)

API 1104Max dimension I/8" or 25o% of weld thiclcness, whichever is smaller, (9.3.9.2) Cluster:Max area of 1/2" diameter. Max individual pore 3 I/16".Max I/2" length in 12" ofweld. (9.3.9.3)Hollow bead: Max length 1/2". Max 2" length in l2" ofweldwith individualdiscontinuities exceeding 1/4" in length separated by at least 2".The total accumulated length shall not exceed 8% of weld length (9.3.9.4)

l 8

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WELD DISCONTINAITY EVALAATION GAIDE t 9

Undercut - Root Pass

ASME Section VIII - Div IThe weld must befree of coarse ripples, grooves,over laps, abrupt ridges or valleys. Any thiclcnessreduction due to welding shall not exceed the lesserof I/32" or I0% of adjoining wall thiclcness.(UW-3s(a) and (b)(t) and (2))

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsIt{ot allowed (Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normal Fluid ServiceMax Depth of 1/32" or 25% of wall Thickness,whichever is smaller, Not allowed longitudinal buttjoints. (Table 341 .3.2)

API 1104Total length of undercut shall not exceed 2" in 12"of weld.The total eccumulations shall not exceed I/6 of theweld length (9.3.I I)For mechanical measurement when is availableDepth > I/32" o ) 12.5% of wall thiclcness,whichever is smaller, the undercut is not allowed.Depth > I/64" or between 6% and I2.5% of wallthiclcness whichever is smaller, length: 2" I anycontinuous I2" weld length or I/6 the weld length,whichever is smaller.Depth :< I/64" or -< 60% of pipe wall thiclcnesswhichever is smaller, the undercut is acceptable,regardless of length. (9.7.I)

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Porositv

ASME Section VIII - Div I 100% Radioera-hvMaximum size for any indication shall be thelesser of 1/4t or 5/32". Isolated indicationsseparated by at least l" is the lesser of 1/3t orI/4". For t >2"The maximum acceptable size is 3/8"(Appendix 4)

ASME Section WII - Div I S-ot RodioeraphvRounded indications are not a factor in theacceptability of welds if that welds not required tobe fully radiographed.(UW-52,(r),(3))

ASME 831.3 Severe Cvclic ConditionsMaximum size for any indication shall be thelesser of I/4t or 5/32". Isolqted indicationsseparated by at least I" is the lesser of I/3t orI/4". For t >2" The maximum acceptable size is3/8". Itlot surfoce porosiQ allowed.(Table 341.3.2)

ASME 831.3 Normol Fluid ServiceFor t < I/4", reqltirements are the same as forsevere cyclic conditions. For t > I/4"requirements are 1.5 times thosefor severe cycltcconditions. Not surface porosity allowed.(Table 341.3.2)

API I1O4Max dimension I/8" or 250% of weld thickness, whichever is smaller, (9.3.9.2) Cluster:Max area of 1/2" diameter. Mm individual pore S I/16".Max I/2" length in 12" ofweld. (9.3.9.3)Hollow bead: Max length I/2". Mm 2u length in I2" ofweldwith individualdiscontinuities exceeding 1/4" in lmgth separated by at least 2".The total accumulated length shall not exceed 8% ofweld length (9.3.9.4)

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Weld Discontinuity Evaluation Guide-Bolje Skenirano