WELCOME’S YOU for Free computer course offered by Govt. of Tamil Nadu under SJSRY Scheme

WELCOME’S YOUfor

Free computer course offered by Govt. of Tamil Nadu under SJSRY Scheme

COURSE 1 HARDWARE

BASIC HARDWARE IDENTIFICATION OF PARTS OF PC PARTS OF MOTHER BOARD ADD-ON –CARDS VARIOUS PHERIPERALS TYPES OF RAM COMMUNICATION PORTS PC ASSEMBLING. BIOS SETUP. OS INSTALLATION DEVICE DRIVERS INSTALLATION SOFTWARE INSTALLATION CD WRITING/PRINTING

COMPUTER COMPUTER FULL FORMCommonOperatingMachineParticularlyUsed forTradeEducation andResearch

COMPUTER INVENTED BYCharles Babbage (US)

INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER

1ST Generation Computer {1946-1955}

Very large size Very slow Very less program can be fed It is made from Glass and valves Hence it will get heated very fast Its life time is very short It requires high voltage Very costly

INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER2nd Generation Computer {1956-1965}

The size of the computer is small when compared to 1st Generation Computer.

This has been made using Transistor. We can use basic cobal language in this Computer.

Models: IBM 1401, IBM 1602,CDC1604


3rd Generation Computer {1966-1975}

These computer are made using IC (Integrated circuits). It memory capacity is up to 4 MB It accept high language.

Models:IBM system / 360, 370, ICL 1900, 2000 series.

INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER4th Generation Computer{1976-1985} This computer has been made using chips, thousands of

transistor are inbuilt in a chip. It works very fast and the size also small, compared 3rd

Generation Computer. Its memory is up to 100 MB.

MODELS: hp 3000, Apple II , VAX II


5th Generation Computer {1986-2009}

At present we are using 5th Generation Computer Chip set is used here.

MAIN PARTS OF COMPUTER I . Input unit (Key Board / Mouse) II. Output unit (Monitor/printer ) III. System unit – Processing data i. Core unit ii. Storage unit iii. Power unit

SYSTEM UNIT The main parts in System unit are : 1. Core unit : (Mother Board, Processor, Ram )

2. Storage Unit : [a] Permanent storage - Hard disk [b] Removable storage - CD-ROM,CD-R/W, DVD & Floppy Drive. 3. Power Unit : SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) – For power supply.

1.CORE UNITMOTHERBOARD : It contains the main pc circuit and chipsetPROCESSOR : The processor which executes the program code and

controls all other devices in PC.MEMORY MODULES : RAM is the working space for the processor and it

executes the programs .

MOTHER BOARDTYPES OF MOTHERBOARD

XT - 5+6=11PINS AT - 6+6 =12PINS ATX - 10+10=20PINS MATX - 20+4=24PINS

PROCESSORPROCESSOR IS BRAIN OF THE COMPUTER THERE ARE TWO TYPES 1. SLOT TYPE (OR) CARD TYPE 2. SOCKET TYPE (OR) PIN TYPE

PROCESSOR MANUFACTORSPENTIUM

8088802868038680486PENTIUMPENTIUM PROPENTIUM MMXPENTIUM I,II,III,IV

AMD CELERON

AMD ATHALON CELERON AAMD SEMPRON CELERON B AMD DURON CELERON CAMD XP CELERON D

MEMORY MODULES RAM : (Random Access Memory)

TYPES OF MEMORY MODULES :

A]. S - RAM (Static RAM) B]. D - RAM (Dynamic RAM)

S- RAM : It is in-built in processor. it’s normally called as Cachee memory. Frequent works are stored in s-ram memory.

MEMORY

EDO

SDRAM

RD RAM

DDR RAM

ROM

PROM

EPROM

EEPROM

CACHEL1,L2,L3

D-RAM TYPESD - RAM: There are four types of Dynamic RAM which

depends upon the speed and capacity. TYPES OF MEMORY MODULE : i. EDO RAM -Extended Data Out RAM ii. SD RAM - Synchronized Dynamic RAM iii. RD RAM -Ram bus Dynamic RAM iv. DDR RAM -Double Data Rate Dynamic RAM

I .EDO - RAMEDO - EXTENTED DATA OUT RAMYear:1995Pins :72, 30Speed : 33 MHz to 66 MHz, Cut : Center cut(72),no cuts(30.)Condition: Pair and Equal Order. Slot 2 should not

be used instead of Slot 1

EDO DRAM

II.SD-RAMSD (SYNCHRONIZED DYNAMIIC RAM) :Year : 1996 PIN : 168 Pins, Speed : 66 to 200 MHz.Capacity : 32 MB, 64 MB , 128 MB and 256 MB,

Now available only up to 128 MBCuts : Centre and Corner Cut.Condition : Nil

SDRAM

III.RD RAMRD RAM [ Rambus Dynamic RAM]Year : 1999Pin : 184 PinsSpeed : 800 MHz to 1600 MHz.Capacity : 256 MB, 512 MB, 1 GBCuts : Two Center Cut.Condition : Not used in single RAM but option is

to use Crimm Stick .(Crimm Stick is a dummy stick). It is used to just close another slot.

RD RAM

IV.DDR RAMDDR RAM [ DOUBLE DADA RATE]Year: 1999 to 2008Pin : 184Speed : 200 – 1333 MHzCapacity : 128, 256, 512 MB, 1 GB and 2 GB Cut : Center CutCondition: Ram speed should not exceed processor speed

DDR RAM

2.STORAGE UNITTYPES OF STORAGE DEVICES[a] Permanent storage : Hard drive The devices which stores the data and programs [b] Removable storage : Floppy drive Other drive :CDROM Drives, DVDROM, CD&DVD writer, Provides removable storage

3.POWER UNITSMPS : (Switch Mode Power Supply) · It convert the voltage from 230 AC to 12 DC.· The module which supplies the DC power to the

motherboard and all the units at the required voltages.· It contains Power connector - 12 volt DC. Molex - 5 volt DC. Mini Molex - 3 volt DC.

PARTS OF MOTHER BOARD 1. Chip Set 2. Processor socket 3. Memory modules & slots. 4. Expansion slot 5. Drive Connector 6. BIOS Chip 7. CMOS Battery 8. Front Panel 9. IO Port Connector 10. Power Connector

1.CHIP SETS CHIP SETS : A chip set consists of a group of IC which are

inbuilt in the board. Now we are using two types of Chip set.

1.North Bridge Chipset (or) Encouraging Chip It is located in-between the Processor and RAM. It is called

as System Control Chip (or) Memory Controller hub [MCH].

2. South Bridge Chipset : It is located away from the processor. It is called as

Peripheral control chip set (or) I/O controller hub[ICH] .

2.PROCESSOR SOCKETPROCESSOR : It is the brain of computer, it execute the

program codes and control all other devices.Types of processor socket : 1) slot type - card type [old] 2) socket type - pin type [new]

PROCESSOR SOCKETTypes of sockets :DIP - Dual Inline ProcessorLIF - Lower Insertion ForceZIF - Zero Insertion Force [with lock].LGA - LAN Grid Array [Latest]MANUFACTURES: Intel, AMD, Celeron.

3.MEMORY SLOTS

SIMM SLOT- Single Inline Memory Model

PINS - 72 PINSCUT - CENTER CUTUSED RAM - EDO RAM

DIMM SLOT- Dual Inline Memory model

PINS - 168CUT - CENTER & CORNER cutUSED RAM - SD RAM

RIMM SLOT- RAMBUS Inline Memory Model

PINS - 184CUT - TWO CENTER CUTUSED RAM - RD RAM

DDR DIMM - Double Data Rate Dual Inline Memory Model

PINS - 184 PINSCUT - CENTERUSED RAM - DDR RAM

4 . EXPANSION SLOTS Expansion Slot : It is used to fix the add on card.

ADD ON CARDS : In the latest Mother Board most

of the cards are inbuilt in the Mother Board itself. If required, the following add on cards can be fixed in the motherboard.

EXPANSION SLOTS TYPES OF EXPANSTION SLOTS : A. ISA slot - Industrial Standard Architecture. B. PCI slot - Peripheral Component Interface. C. AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port. D. PCIE X16 - Peripheral Component Interface Express* x 16.

A . ISA SLOT ISA: Industrial Standard Architecture. It is long and black in colour. Pins - 98 Speed - 8.3 MHz. Capacity - 16 Bit Non Plug and play

B .PCI SLOTPCI : Peripheral Component Interface. It is small and white in color.Pins - 120 Speed - 33.3 MHzCapacity - 32 BitPlug and play

C .AGP SLOTAGP : Accelerated Graphics Port. It is long and Violet, brown in colour.Pins - 124.Speed - System speed.Capacity - 64 bits.Plug and playOnly Graphics card can be fixed

D. PCIE*X16 SLOT

PCIEX16 : PCI Express *x16.This slots is used for display card recently introduced. PCI x-16ver2.0 has faster bandwidth then the pervious version. Advantage : faster and more reliable.

5 .DRIVE CONNECTOR

DATA CABLES: Data cables are used to transfer data between two

different devices.

A. IDE Cable.B. FDD Cable. C. SCSI Cable.D. SATA Cable.

A. IDE CONNECTORIDE–Integrated Drive Electronics. 40 pins connector (ATA) Two connector in MBD four device can be connect

with help of IDE cable IDE- I (Primary) Connector. IDE-II (Secondary) Connector. HDD, CD ROM, CD R/W, DVD can be connected.

B.FDD CONNECTORFDD : Floppy Disk Drive 34 pin connector (17+17=34pins). Only floppy can be connected. One connector in MBD two device can be

connect with help of FDC cable.

C .SCSI CONNECTORSCSI CABLE : Small Component Standard

Interface : 50 pin connector (25+25=50 pins). It is used in server only. Capacity :160- 256 GB. Data transfer rate 80 MBPS® SCS 1 – 1 : 1 to 7 Devices.® SCS 1 – 2 : 1 – 15 Devices.® SCS 1 – 3 : 1 – 31 Devices.

D .SATA CONNECTOR SATA: Serial Advance Technology Attachment 7 pin connector It is used to connect only one device. High capacity of Hard Disk can be connected. Maximum no.of devices - 4 devices. Capacity : 80 GB- 1500 GB. Clamp side to be connect in motherboard and other side

to be in HDD.

6 .BIOS CHIP [ROM]BIOS : BASIC INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM Small software program codes are burnt into the

Basic Input Output System. They are… 1. First boot device.

2. Floppy Drive Checking.

3. Virus warning.

4. RTC - Real Time and Clock

5. Processor Speed and Temperature.

BIOS CHIP [ROM] BIOS MANUFACTURERS : AMI, AWARD, ALI ETC., ® To go to BIOS set up, Press-DEL key or Press

F2. Types of BIOS Chip : 1. OTP : PROM [One Time Programmer]. 2. FLASH: EPROM,EEPROM ,FLASH MEMORY. [Re programmer]

BIOS CHIP [ROM]PROM : Programmable Read only memory

(once reprogrammed)EPROM :Electrically programmable Read

Only memory. Reprogrammed by using UV rays.

EEPROM : Electrically Erasable Programmable. Read Only Memory.Re programmable with software utility (DDO software).

FLASH MEMORY: Now the Mother Board are made with Flash Memory. Hence we can upgrade the software easily.

7. CMOS BATTERY [RAM]CMOS :[Complimentary Metal Oxide Semi

Conductor]CMOS battery used for stand by the BIOS

information maintain real time clock and password.The Technical No. Of CMOS Battery is CR-2032. It work as 3.3 volt DC. CMOS LIFE : Monitor display the message as ‘‘CMOS check some

error ’’.

CMOS BATTERY

8.FRONT PANEL CONNECTORThe front panel connectors are : 1. Power Led (Green/Blue) 2. HDD – Led (Red) 3. Speaker – For beep sound 4. Restore switch (for restarting) 5. Power switch (On-Off switch).

9.PORT CONNECTORA. SERIAL PORTB. PARALLEL PORTC. DIMM PORT [PS/2]D. VGA PORT E. ETHERNET PORT [RJ 45]F. MODEM PORT [RJ 11]G. USB PORT

A.SERIAL PORT [RS232] D Type 9 pins (male) port . Technical name : RS232 Data transfer rate : 100 kbps. Unidirectional communication. It is used for connecting dial up modem & old type mouse.

SERIAL PORT

B. PARALLEL PORTD Type 25 pins Female Port Data transfer rate : 100 kbps.Bi-directional communication. It is used for connecting Printer & Scanner. PRINTER CABLE – Centronics Cable Printer 36 pins

PC 25 pins

PARALLEL PORT

C. DIMM PORT[PS/2]6 Pins DIMM (Female) Port connector.Technical name : PS/2There is two of this port : MOUSE: Green – 6 pins Dimm Connector KEYBOARD :Violet – 6 Pins Dimm connector

DIMM PORT[PS/2]

D. VGA PORT 15 pins 3 rows D type Female Port connector. This port is actually called D-sub (D-

subminiature) port and is mainly used by CRT and TFT.

Monitors for receiving pure and loss less digital signals for display.

That’s the reason for it to be called Digital video Interface.

VGA PORT

E. ETHERNET PORT [RJ45]8 Pins Port connector.Technical name : RJ45Data transfer rate : 10 Mbps to 100 MbpsThis port is used for connecting the computer

either to the Internet or to a private network such as LAN.

F. MODEM PORT [RJ11]4 Pins Port connector.Technical name : RJ11Data transfer rate : 33.6 Mbps to 56 MbpsThis port is used for connecting the computer to

the Internet.

G.USB PORT4 Pin multi device connector . It support up to 127 devices.Data transfer rate : 12 mbps - 60 mbpsHot plug and play device (when PC is in ON).USB controller detect the presents and absence

of the devices.

USB PORT

10 .POWER CONNECTOR It get power supply from SMPS to Mother

Board.SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) It converts voltage from AC to DC.SMPS contains Power connector - 12 volt DC. Molex - 5volt DC. Mini Molex - 3volt DC

SMPS TYPESTYPES FO SMPS.1. XT - Extended technology.2. AT- Advance Technology.3. ATX - Advance Technology Extended.4. MATX - Micro Advance Technology.® XT : (5+6) = 11 pins [ON/OFF wall socket].® AT : (6+6) = 12 pins [shut down].® ATX : (10+10) = 20 pins [on/off system box].® MATX : ( 20+4)= 24 pins [4 pin for hyper net].

POWER CONNECTOR

ADD ON CARDSTYPES OF ADD ON CARDS i. Sound Card - Audio. ii. AGP Card - Monitor Display. iii. Network Card - Group of systems. iv. Modem Card - Internet connection. v. T.V.Tuner Card - For T.V. Channel.

I.SOUND CARDSOUND CARD [ AUDIO CARD]Pins : 2 Pin Jack (female connector). It has 3 port Connectors. 1. Line in - Pink colour 2. MIC - Blue colour 3. Speaker - Green colourSlot : It is fixed in PCI slot.Use : We use sound Card for Audio.

SOUND CARD

II. AGP CARD AGP CARD [Accelerated Graphic Port] AGP - Monitor Display Pins - 15 pins and 3 rows (female connector). Slot - It is fixed in AGP slot only. Use - We use AGP Card for Graphics .

AGP CARD

III.NETWORK CARD[RJ 45] NETWORK CARD : Now we are using RJ 45 RJ 45 - for networking.Pins - 8 pins.Slot - PCI. Speed - 10 MBPS to 100 MBPS.Use - Interconnect the systems.

NETWORK CARD

IV.MODEM CARD [ RJ11] MODEM CARD : Now we are using RJ 11RJ 11 - For Internet.Pins - 4 pins. Slot - PCI Slot. Speed - 33.6 to 56 MBPS.Use - For Internet connection.

MODEM CARD [ RJ11]

V.TV TUNER CARD TV TUNER CARD : For TV channels.Pins : 2 pins coaxial connector.Slot : PCI Slot Use : For view the TV channels.

TYPES1. Internal -system box needed ;save the programs.2. External - no need for system box.

TV TUNER CARD

DATA CABLE

DATA CABLES: Data cables are used to transfer data between two different devices.

A. IDE Cable. B. FDD Cable. C. SCSI Cable. D. SATA Cable.

A.IDE CABLEIDE CABLE – Integrated Drive Electronics. 40 pins connector (ATA) Each cable has two connectors. i. IDE- I (Primary) Connector. ii. IDE-II (Secondary) Connector. Maximum no.of devices 4 devices. HDD, CD ROM, CD R/W, DVD can be connected.

IDE CABLE

B.FDD CABLEFDD CABLE : Floppy Disk Drive 34 pin connector (17+17=34pins).Only floppy can be connected.Twisted side can be connected in floppy and the

other side connected in mother board.

FDD CABLE

C.SCSI CABLES : SCSI CABLE : Small component standard

Interface 50 pin connector (25+25=50 pins). It is used in server only. Capacity :160- 256 GB Data transfer rate 80 MBPS® SCS 1 – 1 : 1 to 7 Devices.® SCS 1 – 2 : 1 – 15 Devices.® SCS 1 – 3 : 1 – 31 Devices.

SCSI CABLE:

D.SATA CABLE.

SATA: Serial Advance Technology Attachment 7 pin connector. It is used to connect only one device. High capacity of Hard Disk can be connected. Maximum no. of devices - 4 devices. Capacity : 80 GB- 1500 GB. Clamp side to be connect in motherboard and other

side to be in HDD.

SATA CABLE

BIOS

By Tracen vail Assignment 2 PC Networking

What is itOne of the most common uses of flash memory is for the basic

input output system of your computer know as the BIOS on virtually every computer available the bios makes sure all the

other chips hard drives ports and CPU function together. BIOS

HOW IT WORKS Bios or Basic Input/Output System is the software code

that first runs when the pc is starting up. It contains all the information necessary to initialize nearly all the hardware components of the pc. Normally, when you switch on the PC, the BIOS performs a Power on Self Test, or POST as it is called. This is a series of diagnostic tests on the RAM and other Hardware. It also initializes all the hardware devices such as the hard disk, memory, video and other hardware, identifies and reserves memory addresses for all the IRQs and ports available on the motherboard, and calls a small operating system program known as the boot loader. The boot loader, using the BIOS information amongst other things, starts calling the programs that will load the OS. And finally, the OS uses the bios information to take control over the hard ware devices

BIOS FUN FACTS •Most modern BIOS have the ability to schedule an auto start.•For Lenovo PCs, you get to the BIOS by pressing F1 when the computer starts.•Each computer company has it on why of getting to get to the bios

HOW TO WORK A BIOSTo access an option in the BIOS use the cursor keys to highlight your choice, as shown in Screenshot A the enter key will either invoke a submenu or open a selection window to alter the value associated you'll have to use the plus +or minus - keys

HOW TO WORK A BIOS Opening sub-menus: Many option

values may be altered with the plus + and minus - keys, while others require navigating inside selection menus or pick lists,

In the "Main" or "Standard CMOS Setup" menus, you can set the date and time, and also define the attributes of your hard drive

In the "BIOS Features Setup" menu, you'll work with general settings of all kinds.

The "Integrated peropherals menu is where you can manage interfaces and auxiliary system functions.

ENDING A BIOS SESSION

To end a BIOS program you strike the F10 key or select the main menu entry that reads "Save & Exit Setup. Sometimes this involves first selecting an Exit option, then choosing the Exit & Save Changes subentry You will then be presented with a choice between Y and N where the Y key saves your changes, and the N key discards them. Select one or the other and you'll exit the BIOS Setup program.

IDENTIFY YOUR BIOS During boot, enter the BIOS setup by

pressing F2. Check the Main menu. The 4 digit number after the 86A or 86I is

the current BIOS version Press Escape to exit BIOS Setup.

MANUFACTURERS American Megatrends (AMI) Award Software International Inc. Microid Reseach Inc. (MR.BIOS) Phoenix Technologies Ltd. Motherboard Manufacturers BIOS Upgrade

Websites

INSTALLING YOUR NEW OPERATING SYSTEM

INSTALLING YOUR NEW OPERATING SYSTEM

o Determine your installation order.

If you are installing a Linux distribution that you want to run alongside Windows, you need to install Windows first and then Linux.

This is because Windows has a very strict boot loader that needs to be in place before Linux is installed, otherwise Windows won’t load.

Boot from your installation disc. Insert the installation disc into your optical; drive, and reboot your computer. Normally a computer boots from the hard drive first, so you will need to adjust some settings in your BIOS in order to boot from the disc drive.

You can enter the BIOS by hitting the designated Setup key during the boot process. The key will be displayed on the same screen as your manufacturer’s logo.

http://www.wikihow.com/Image:Install-a-New-Operating-System-on-Your-Computer-Step-4.jpg

Common Setup keys include F2, F10, F12, and Del/Delete.

Once you are in the Setup menu, navigate to the Boot section. Set your DVD/CD drive as the first boot device. If you are installing from a USB drive, make sure that the drive is inserted and then select it as the first boot device.

Once you’ve selected the correct drive, save your changes and exit Setup. Your computer will reboot.

Try your Linux distribution before installing. Most Linux distributions come with a copy that can be loaded directly from the installation disc.

This will allow you to “test drive” your new operating system before you commit to the installation process. Once you are ready to install, click the Installation program on the desktop

This is only possible with Linux distributions. Windows does not allow you to test out the operating system before you install.

Wait for the Setup program to load. No matter which operating system you choose, the setup program will need to copy some files to your computer before it can continue. This can take several minutes, depending on the speed of your computer’s hardware.

You will most likely need to choose some basic options, such as language and keyboard layout.

Enter your product key. If you are installing Windows 8, you will need to enter your product key before you can begin installation.

Older Windows versions will ask for the product key after installation is complete.

Linux users will not need a product key, unless it is a purchased version such as Red Hat.

Choose your installation type. Windows will give you the option of Upgrading or performing a Custom installation.

Even if you are upgrading an older version of

Windows, it is highly recommended that you choose Custom and start from scratch.

This will minimize problems that may arise later from combining old settings and new ones.

Format your partitions. If you are installing Windows, you will need to choose which hard drive partition you want to install it on.

Deleting partitions will wipe the data on the partition and return the space to the Unallocated section. Select the unallocated space and create a new partition.

If you are installing Linux, the partition needs to be formatted in the Ext4 format.

Create your Windows login. Once your Windows installation is complete, you will need to create a username. You can also choose to create a password, though this is not necessary. After creating your login info, you will be asked for your product key. In Windows 8, you will be asked to

customize the colors first. After that, you can choose to either log in with a Microsoft account, or use a more traditional Windows username.

INSTALL YOUR DRIVERS AND PROGRAMS Install your drivers and programs. Once

installation is complete, you will be taken to your new desktop.

From here, you can begin installing your programs and making sure that your drivers are installed an up to date.

Make sure to install an antivirus program if you are going to be connecting to the internet.

http://www.wikihow.com/Find-and-Update-Drivers

http://www.wikihow.com/Install-an-Antivirus

ASSEMBLING YOUR OWN COMPUTER SYSTEM

7.1Assembling the Hardware

7.2Installing the Operating System

7.3Compatibility Issues in Hardware

7.1 ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Choose the right combination of hardware

e.g. Home use and web surfing LAN card or modem is needed no need to install sophisticated hardware

Cost considerations never go for CPU with the highest speed choose a hard disk with appropriate capacity consider reputation and warranty

7.1 ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Precautions in computer assembling

Discharge oneself before handling hardware Hold the main board and expansion cards by

edges Return the main board and peripherals to

anti-static bags Disconnect the power before working on the

system

ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE

Procedure 1: Installing the Power Supply

Open the computer case

Fix the power supply

Set the voltage supply at 200 - 230 V

ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 2: Configuring the Main Board

jumper CPU System Bus Frequency CPU Clock Ratio CPU Core Voltage

Setting up jumpers


Procedure 3: Inserting CPU into the main board The socket, heat sink and fan support base are

mounted onto the main board Heat sink and fan: prevent overheating

ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 3: Inserting CPU into the main

board


Procedure 4: Inserting the RAM

Check the position of RAM module Insert the module vertically into the DIMM slot and push it in


Procedure 5: Mounting the main board into the computer case


Procedure 6: Main board signal connections

Connecting pins on the main board

Case signal connectors

Completed connectors


Procedure 7: Connecting the Power Supply to the Main Board

Power supply connectors

ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing the expansion cards

Install the video adapter first AGP card goes into the AGP slot

Position the expansion card horizontally over the slot

Secure the card to the case with a screw

Install other cards


Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices IDE drives: hard disk, CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs Set the jumpers on the drives before mounting Two IDE channels on the main board Each channel can attach to two devices

Jumpers on IDE device


Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices

1. Mounting the device into the device bay with screw

2. Align the red strip on the ribbon cable


Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices

3. Insert the connector into the IDE port

4. Insert the power supply connector

ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 8: Installing IDE devices

Master device: alone device on IDE cable Slave device: second device on the same cable Ultra ATA 66/100 IDE cable

black: for Master drive grey: for Slave drive blue: for connecting to IDE port onboard


Installing CD-ROM drive Install the drive into an available bay Insert the power cord into the drive Connect the drive to the main board via the ribbon wire Connect the sound cable from the drive to the main board

connector


Installing CD-ROM drive

Connect the sound cable to CD-ROM drive

Connect the sound cable to main board

ASSEMBLING THE HARDWARE Procedure 9: System check

Connect the power cable Switch on the computer Check the message on screen Set up BIOS and install OS if the system works fine


Fine tuning the computer installationThe drives are connected to the power supply

properly.A fan is attached to the CPU with the power

plug connected to the main board.Ribbon cables of floppy disk and IDE drives are

attached correctly.All connections are tight.CPU core voltage is set correctly.Cards are inserted fully in slots.No wires protrude into any fans.

INSTALLING THE OPERATING SYSTEM

Clean install All the content of the hard drive are erased and

everything is installed from scratch Format the hard drive and install the OS Back up the data before clean installing an

existing PC Upgrade

A new OS is installed directly over the previous version

Old files are left which affect the system


Materials needed Hardware documentation Driver disks of hardware User’s menu of new OS

Start-up procedures for installing an OS Start from floppy disk

e.g. Windows 98 Start from CD-ROM

e.g. Windows XP


Start from floppy disk (Windows 98) Prepare a boot disk Check the boot-up sequence Ensure the partition of the hard disk where OS is

installed is active Insert the boot disk into the floppy disk Turn on the power supply Insert the Windows 98 CD-ROM into the drive and

type “D:\setup.exe” Follow the on-screen prompts


Start from CD-ROM (Windows XP) Check the BIOS boot sequence Insert Windows XP CD-ROM into the drive Boot the system Start installation process Remove the Windows XP CD-ROM Reboot the computer


Installing applications

Start

Have serialnumber? Have

disk space? Register

Now?

Submitform

Finishinstallation

Restartneeded?

RunEnter

Serial #Yes

Find Serial #

No

Runinstall file

Yes

Free upspace

No

Fill outform

Yes No

No

Restart

Yes

COMPATIBILITY ISSUES IN HARDWARE

Compatibility problem among main board, video adapter and expansion cards

Solutions Place each expansion card in different slots Take turns at replacing every expansion card in a

certain order Use step-by-step approach to analyze the

installation of device driver.

THANK YOU

Documents

WELCOME’S YOU for Free computer course offered by Govt. of Tamil Nadu under SJSRY Scheme