2011 Edition

2011 Edition

For five decades, Hamilton Conservation Authority (HCA) has managed the natural environment in partnership with the City of Hamilton, Puslinch Township and theProvince of Ontario to help ensure a safe and sustainable community. As one of 36 conservation authorities in the province, HCA protects water sources,guards against flooding and erosion, manages conservation and recreation lands, andpromotes environmental stewardship and education. The Authority is the region's largest environmental management agency, owning or managing more than 4,370 hectares (10,800 acres) of environmentally significant land. Its recreational lands range from long distance trails and relatively passive natural areas,such as the Dundas Valley, Christie Lake and Valens conservation areas, to more developed sites on the lakefront, like Confederation Park and Fifty Point ConservationArea and Marina. For more information about HCA's environmental or recreation programs, visit us at www.conservationhamilton.ca or call 1-888-319-4722.

Project Coordinator: Joan Bell, HCA Manager of Grants and Special Projects;Research by: Elizabeth Berestecki, Watershed PlannerWritten by: Sarah Gauden, HCA Information Officer;Edited by: Garnet Cowsill, HCA Manager of Marketing & Communications;Design & Graphics: Tricia Leong, HCA Graphic Artist;Map by: Richard Woodworth, HCA GIS Specialist Photos by: John Overmeyer, Alexander Bell, Joe Hollick, P. McMillan

Chris Hamilton & Robert McCaw

Welcome to Hamilton and the mesmerizing beauty of our city's cascadesand waterfalls.

Ontario's internationally recognized Niagara Escarpment provides perfect geological conditions for waterfalls to occur, from Tobermory toNiagara Falls. It's been said that the Escarpment is Hamilton's crown andits waterfalls are the jewels in that tiara. In multi-year scientific study, theHamilton Conservation Authority identified over 100 waterfalls withinher boundaries, so Hamilton could well be known as the "City ofWaterfalls". In fact, Hamilton may have more waterfalls than any othercity of its size in the world!

And they are only one of the many attractions visitors can explore andexperience outdoors in Hamilton.Amid one of southern Ontario's most vibrant urban centres are morethan 4,000 hectares filled with forests, lakes, ponds, creeks, streams andmeadows. Hamilton can boast lush, green conservation lands, botanicalgardens, and more than 122 km of multi-use long-distance trails.

Start your day at the Dundas Valley, Christie Lake, or the SpencerGorge/Webster’s Falls conservation areas. Be sure to enjoy our otherattractions as well. Visit city museums, art gallery or hike the HamiltonBeach Trail, part of the provincial Waterfront Trail network, meanderingalong Lake Ontario and through Confederation Park, connecting citizensto the water's edge. Pack a lunch and walk the Bruce Trail to seewaterfalls along the way.

Twelve of the most spectacular - that can be most easily accessed, orviewed from public lands - are described pictorially and in detail here.A total of 34 accessible waterfalls are highlighted in chart format.

The third edition of this publication is very much the result of a cooperative effort by the City of Hamilton, Hamilton ConservationAuthority on whose lands many of these falls can be found, local waterfall enthusiasts and photographers, The Bruce Trail Conservancy,the Hamilton Naturalists' Club and Tourism Hamilton. Content has beenprovided by the Authority's Waterfall Project Team, and gathered fromother well-used sources.

The purpose of the HCA's Waterfalls Project was to update the inventoryof waterfalls with accurate maps and data sheets, and then rank thewaterfalls from a tourism perspective.

HCA employees, Joan Bell supervised the project; Doug Mallory andRichard Woodworth provided surveying and mapping assistance.

The Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities (EmploymentOntario) and the Hamilton Conservation Authority provided funding andlogistical support. The City of Hamilton provided base data for mapping.Special thanks to City of Hamilton staff for providing assistance with GIS mapping.

Project research began with Joseph Hollick, Scott Ensminger and Stephen Head. In particular, Joseph Hollick's work was most helpful; his list of44 waterfalls with accurate street directions, criteria and classifications was our starting point.

The Hamilton Waterfalls Project Partners havebeen working together for five years and includethe following: the City of Hamilton Public Works Department, the Hamilton Naturalists’ Club, the Iroquoia Bruce Trail Club, Bruce Trail Conservancy, Tourism Hamilton, Joe Hollick and the Hamilton Conservation Authority

We also wish to recognize the leaders in the community who worked hard to ensure escarpment lands and waterfalls were purchased and protected in public ownership many decades before now; to the Bruce Trail Conservancy, whose trail links many of the waterfalls, and to the Hamilton Naturalists' Club for drawing attention to the “City of Waterfalls”.

HAM

ILTON

NATURALISTS'

CLUB

HAM

ILTON

NATURALISTS'

CLUB

For more information please call: 905-525-2181 or 1-888-319-4722or visit our website: www.conservationhamilton.caFor more waterfalls information, visit www.waterfalls.hamilton.ca

You & your family can enjoy all that nature has to offer,close to home, for one year, for one low price.

Your pass entitles free

entry for your vehicle and

passengers to:◆ Valens ◆ Spencer Gorge ◆ Dundas Valley ◆ Christie Lake ◆ Fifty Point ◆ Confederation Park◆ Westfield Heritage Village

Location: Southernmost tip of Upper King’s Forest Park, HamiltonType: Complex Classical CascadeHeight: 19 metres Source: Red Hill CreekOwnership:City of HamiltonDriving Directions: From the Lincoln Alexander Parkway, exit onDartnall Road. Head south on Dartnall Road and left ontoStonechurch Road East. Turn left onto Pritchard Road, then turn leftagain onto Mud Street. There are two parking lots for Albion Fallslocated on either side of Mud Street where it meets Mountain BrowBoulevard.Trail Access: This area can be accessed by at least three differentmajor trails; the Escarpment Rail Trail, the Red Hill Valley Trail and theAlbion Side Trail of the Bruce Trail.Nearby Attractions:Devil’s Punchbowl and Felker’s FallsConservation Areas, Confederation Park , Mohawk Sports Park,Buttermilk Falls, scenic views of lower Hamilton, King’s Forest GolfCourse and Park, Gage Park and Hamilton Children’s Museum.

Once seriously considered as a possible source of Hamilton’s watersupply, Albion Falls is a stunning, 19-metre cascade waterfall with acrest of 10 metres located at the southernmost tip of King's Forest Park.Rocks from the area were used in the Royal Botanical Garden's rockgarden. A wonderful, distant view of the falls can be seen from theparking lot off Mud Street. The trail from Mud Street to the bottom ofthe falls can be quite difficult, so take care.

Once known as Albion Mills or the Village of Mount Albion, the original owner of the property was William Davis, a plantation ownerwho sided with the British in the American Revolution. He lost everything and fled North Carolina in 1792. He was granted the waterfall and surrounding 500 acres (202 hectares) and, by the year1800, had established Albion Mills as a thriving business. This areaonce housed a gristmill, saw mill, three hotels, a general store and ablacksmith shop. A millstone has been preserved in King's Forest Park,not far from its original location.

Location: Felker’s FallsConservation Area,Stoney CreekType:Terraced RibbonHeight: 22 metres Source: Red Hill CreekOwnership:HamiltonConservation AuthorityDriving Directions: Exitthe QEW on CentennialParkway and go south.You will be heading upthe escarpment. Turnright onto Mud St, andthen turn right again atParamount Dr. FromParamount Drive, turnright onto AcklandStreet, follow the streetaround the curve andyou will find the parking lot. The water-

fall is located across the field, behind the wooden fence.Trail Access:Access is from the Stoney Creek section of the BruceTrail.Nearby Attractions: Devil’s Punchbowl and Mount AlbionConservation Areas, Albion Falls, Battlefield House Museum.

Felker’s Falls is a 22-metre ribbon waterfall located in the Felker’sFalls Conservation Area, a beautiful spot steps away from an urbanenvironment. Since the waterfall is located in a subdivision, visitorsmust observe care and respect for private property. This escarpmentarea is forested and features trails, scenic vantage points and thePeter Street Trail, a wheelchair accessible loop trail which travelsthrough the conservation area.

Felker’s, like many escarpment river channels, has an upper andlower gorge. The upper gorge eroded to rapids while the lower gorgedeveloped a waterfall due to its composition of a layer of hard limestone over softer rock. These layers are repeated near the baseof the falls, creating another small waterfall.

Location: Devil’sPunchbowlConservation Area,Stoney CreekType: OverhangRibbon Height: 37 metres Source: StoneyCreekOwnership:HamiltonConservationAuthorityParking: Availableat the Devil’s PunchbowlConservation Area.Driving Directions:From the QEW, exitonto CentennialParkway South.Head up theescarpment until

you reach Green Mountain Road. Turn left onto GreenMountain Road and left again at First Road East. Follow thesigns to the Devil’s Punchbowl.Trail Access: Access is from the Stoney Creek section of theBruce Trail and the Dofasco 2000 Trail.Nearby Attractions: Battlefield House Museum, Nash JacksonHouse, Hamilton Museum of Steam and Technology, Fifty PointConservation Area and Confederation Park.

This waterfall area contains two separate falls, Upper andLower. The Lower Falls is a 6 metre classical waterfall, and themain Upper Falls is a 37 metre ribbon waterfall. The Devil’sPunchbowl is one of the Niagara Escarpment’s most amazingsights, created at the end of the last ice age by huge meltwaterrivers that plunged over the Stoney Creek Escarpment, thuscarving the Punchbowl and gorge. From the bottom of the falls,you can see the many different coloured rock layers of theEscarpment. The Punchbowl is the only area where you canview such a large vertical display of Ordovician and Silurianstratified rock. Some of the layers includeQueenston Formation red shale, Cabot Headgrey shale, limestone and shale dolomite.

There is a spectacular view of Stoney Creekand Hamilton Harbour from the lookout, not tomention the view down into the seemingly bottomless gorge.

Location: Borer’sFalls ConservationArea, DundasType: Plunge RibbonHeight: 15 metres Source: Borer’sCreekOwnership:HamiltonConservationAuthority belowescarpment, RoyalBotanical Gardensabove escarpmentDriving Directions:For access to top -Take QEW west toHwy 403. Follow Hwy403 to Hwy 6 and gonorth. Turn left ontoHwy 5 (DundasStreet) and then turn

left onto Rock Chapel Road. Stay on this road for a few kilome-tres. It will take a sharp left turn and you will be able to see thecreek on your left. The parking lot for Rock Chapel will be onyour left in a few hundred metres. For access to base - Take QEWwest to Hwy 403. Follow Hwy 403 to Hwy 6 and go north. Turnleft onto York Road. Watch for "Conservation Area" signs. Parkingfor Borer’s Falls Conservation Area will be on your right.Trail Access: Access is from the Dundas section of the Bruce Trail Nearby Attractions: Spencer Gorge/Webster’s FallsConservation Area, the Royal Botanical Gardens and NatureCentre, Rock Chapel Sanctuary

This 15-metre curtain waterfall can be accessed from both theHamilton Conservation Authority’s Borer’s Falls ConservationArea (base of the falls) and the Royal Botanical Garden’s RockChapel Sanctuary (top of the falls). This waterfall powered theRock Chapel village sawmill, run by the Borer family, for morethan 100 years. Land clearing in the area eventually altered thecreek’s flow to such a degree that it could no longer provide suffi-cient energy, so the family switched to steam to power the mill.

Borer’s Falls Conservation Area features informal trails and awide variety of plants and animals, including large stands oflilacs. The Borer’s Creek bridge offers a stunning view of thegorge.

Location:Crooks Hollow Conservation Area, GreensvilleType:Washboard Curtain CascadeHeight:4 metres Source: Spencer CreekOwnership:Hamilton Conservation AuthorityDriving Directions: From the 403, exit onto Highway 6 North. FromHighway 6, turn left on Highway 5. Turn left on Brock Road and rightonto Harvest Road. This will turn into Crooks Hollow Road. The con-servation area and parking will be located on your left. Walk westalong Crooks Hollow Road to the bridge where the Darnley Mill Ruinsare visible on the north side of the road.Trail Access: Access is from the Dundas section of the Bruce Trail,Crooks Hollow Historical Trail and ‘Round-the-Lake Trail at ChristieLake Conservation Area.Nearby Attractions:Christie Lake, Spencer Gorge/Webster’s Fallsand Dundas Valley Conservation Areas, downtown Dundas, DundasHistorical Society Museum and Carnegie Gallery.

The picturesque Darnley Cascade, at 225 metres above sea level, is atthe highest elevation of any waterfall in the Hamilton area.

Darnley Cascade is located in Crooks Hollow, founded by JamesCrooks, a Scottish immigrant who came to the area in 1805. TheHollow had its industrial beginnings in 1801, when Jonathan Mordenbuilt a sawmill on Spencer Creek. James Crooks built the area’s firstgristmill, completed in 1813, and named it after his hero, Lord Darnley.By 1829, this area contained the Darnley gristmill, a woollen mill, tan-nery, a distillery, linseed oil mill, cooperage, a general store, clothingfactory, foundry, paper mill, agricultural implement factory, log cabinsfor workers and an inn. The cascade was named after the DarnleyMill, which was gutted by fire in 1934, leaving only the ruins.

As you look upstream from Crooks Hollow Road, with the mill to yourleft, you will be able to see the cascade, signs of the former JamesCrooks dam and the mill race. In the background is the present-dayChristie Dam and Reservoir.

Location: SpencerGorge/Webster’s FallsConservation Area,GreensvilleType: Plunge ClassicalHeight: 22 metres Source: Spencer CreekOwnership:HamiltonConservation AuthorityDriving Directions:Take Highway 8 fromDundas. Keep right onBrock Road and turnright at the flashing lightonto Harvest Road.Turn right on Short Rd.and left onto Fallsviewand follow the signs tothe parking lot.Trail Access:Access from theDundas section of the Bruce TrailNearby Attractions:

Spencer Gorge, Dundas Peak, historic Crooks Hollow ConservationArea, Christie Lake Conservation Area, downtown Dundas and the Dundas Historical Society Museum.

One of the most stunning and easily accessed waterfalls in theHamilton area, Webster’s Falls is created by the main branch ofSpencer Creek as it flows into the gorge. One of two waterfalls within the Spencer Gorge, it is a beautiful, classical waterfall. With acrest of 30 metres (79 feet), it is also the largest in the region. Themain falls has two overhanging drops with a short break in between.A second smaller 30-foot ribbon waterfall, known as Baby Webster’sFalls, is located to your right as you descend the staircase to the bottom of the main falls.

The Webster family purchased the waterfalls and surrounding landin 1819. Their manor still stands on Webster’s Falls Road, accessibleonly by foot from this area. Family gravestones have been preservedin a small area just off the Bruce Trail by the edge of the woods asyou head towards Tews Falls. This area also offers picnic and washroom facilities. The cobblestone bridge crossing Spencer Creekwas built in 1936. Over time, the bridge fell into disrepair and wasslated for demolition. The Greensville Optimists raised the necessary funds and held a Canada Day Celebration to reopen thebridge to the public July 1st, 2000.

Location:SpencerGorge/Webster’s FallsConservation Area,GreensvilleType:Overhang RibbonHeight:41 metres Source:Logie’s CreekOwnership: HamiltonConservation AuthorityDriving Directions: TakeHighway 8 from Dundas.Turn right on Brock Roadand right again at the flash-ing light onto HarvestRoad. Access to Tews isjust off Harvest.Trail Access: Access isfrom the Dundas section ofthe Bruce Trail. Nearby Attractions:

Spencer Gorge/Webster’s Falls Conservation Area (spectacular in the fall),Dundas Peak, Crooks Hollow and Christie Lake Conservation Areas,Carnegie Gallery and downtown Dundas.

Logie’s Creek tumbles 41 metres over the escarpment to form Tews Falls,just a few metres less in height than Niagara Falls. Though the flow ofLogie’s is substantially less that the main branch of Spencer Creek, thesheer height of the falls is what makes it such a stunning sight. There aretwo platforms just off the Bruce Trail that allow visitors to get a spectacu-lar view of the falls and gorge below. Side trails in the area also offeraccess to Dundas Peak and the historical Crooks Hollow ConservationArea.

Most of the present gorge at Spencer Gorge/Webster’s Falls was carvedout by the predecessor to Spencer Creek about 10,000 years ago whenthe creek’s water volume was much greaterand stream erosion consequently much moreactive. The various rock layers embedding theescarpment can be seen in the walls of thegorge. These layers are deposits of mud, silt,and muck from the floors of primeval seas thatcovered portions of this continent. Fossilizedremains of various aquatic plants and animalscan be found in rocks in the area.

Location: Private property, just off LionsClub Road in AncasterType:Terraced RibbonHeight: 17 metresSource: Ancaster CreekOwnership:VijeanHoldings Inc.Driving Directions:From the 403, take theRousseaux exit. FollowRousseaux to WilsonStreet (2nd set of lights)and turn right ontoWilson Street. You’ll beheading down theescarpment. At the firstset of lights, turn left onMontgomery Drive,then a quick right ontoOld Dundas Road. You

will come to a three-way intersection where Old Dundas Road crosses Lions Club Road. The falls are located in the woods to yourleft. Park on Lions Club Road. Trail Access:This waterfall is located on private property just stepsfrom the Dundas section of the Bruce Trail. Nearby Attractions: Tiffany Falls Conservation Area, Dundas ValleyConservation Area, Iroquoia Heights Conservation Area, HermitageRuins, Griffin House, Fieldcote Museum and downtown Ancaster.

Located on private property along the Bruce Trail, this is whereAncaster Creek flows over the Niagara Escarpment. This waterfall,fed by springs from its headwaters, has a strong, continuous flowthroughout most of the year. This lovely waterfall, also known asFairy Falls or Angel Falls, has two cascading drops with a wide flatledge that divides the upper and lower falls. Although it is locatedjust off of the intersection of Lions Club Road and Old Dundas Roadand is fairly large in size, many people pass by this hidden treasurewithout ever knowing of its existence.

The waterfall is named after the Sherman family, who had a farm inthat area. The Shermans are well known in the Hamilton area, asClifton Sherman founded Dofasco Inc. in 1912. He was joined laterby his brother Frank A.Sherman. His son (and Clifton’snephew), Frank H. Sherman,joined Dofasco in 1939 andserved as an officer, director,chairman, and honorary chairman from 1949 until hisdeath in 1994.

Location: TiffanyFalls ConservationArea, AncasterType:ComplexRibbonHeight: 21 metres(Lower Falls)Source:Tiffany CreekOwnership:HamiltonConservationAuthorityDriving Directions:From Hwy 403 toHamilton. Exit at MainStreet West and con-tinue on Main StreetWest past McMasterUniversity in WestHamilton. Just afteryou pass UniversityPlaza, you will makeanother left to continue on Main

Street West. Main Street West will become Wilson Street as youhead towards the Ancaster area. Soon you will begin to ascend along climb up the escarpment. About half way up there is a smallparking area on your left with a sign identifying "Tiffany FallsConservation Area". Park there and follow the footpath that runsalong the south bank of the creek. Trail Access:Tiffany Falls is located just off the Dundas section ofthe Bruce Trail.Nearby Attractions: Sherman Falls, Iroquoia Heights ConservationArea, Dundas Valley Conservation Area, Hermitage Ruins andGriffin House, Fieldcote Museum and downtown Ancaster.

This waterfall, made up of an Upper and Lower Falls, is surroundedby typical Bruce Trail terrain: rocks to step over and steep ascents.At the Lower Falls, a cascade waterfall, Tiffany Creek tumbles 21metres from a broad valley above the escarpment into a V-shapedravine below. It is an imposing sight, towering above visitors andsurrounded by dolostone cliffs on either side. The Upper TiffanyFalls at 6.4 metres is a much smaller classical waterfall, which hasalso been called Washboard Falls. Tiffany Falls was named afterthe area’s first doctor, Dr. Oliver Tiffany.

The footpath from the Wilson Street parking lot crosses Tiffany Creek in two locations. The footpath is steep and quite rocky, so hiking boots are recommended. During wetweather the slopes of the trail can be slippery,so visitors should avoid using the trail when conditions are inclement.

Location: Directlybelow Oak Knoll Park(adjacent to King’sForest Park), MountainBrow Boulevard,HamiltonType: Terraced RibbonHeight: 23 metres Source: Red HillCreekOwnership: City ofHamiltonDriving Directions:Follow the Albion Fallsdirections to its exit onMud Street/MountainBrow Boulevard.Continue alongMountain BrowBoulevard. Oak KnollPark is located justpast Limeridge Road East on the right.

Nearby Attractions:Escarpment Rail Trail, Felker’s Falls, Mohawk Sports Park, AlbionFalls, scenic views of Hamilton, King’s Forest Golf Course and Park,Gage Park and Hamilton Children’s Museum.

The flow of water over the falls for much of the year is either non-existent or a trickle, so it is best viewed during spring thaw orafter a heavy rainfall. Located near Albion Falls by Oak Knoll Park,Buttermilk Falls is just a short walk away. From Oak Knolls Park,visitors can view the Buttermilk Falls Gorge. Buttermilk Falls is anarrow waterfall entering a deep gorge. Visitors to the falls arealso offered a beautiful view of the Red Hill Valley. They can alsoaccess the bottom of the falls from side paths of the Red HillValley Trail.

Looking out over the valley, one can only imagine what the flow ofwater once must have been to carve out the large gorge. The orig-inal gorge wascarved by glacialmeltwaters around10,000 years agoand over the years,the stream wasreduced to a thinribbon of water.Settlement in thearea has furtherreduced the waterflow to an intermittent stream.

Location: Just off Mill Street in WaterdownType:Terraced RibbonHeight: 10 metres Source: Grindstone CreekOwnership: City of HamiltonDriving Directions: Take Hwy 403 towards Toronto and exit on Highway6 North. Exit on Highway 5, also known as Dundas Street East. You willbe heading east on Dundas Street East. When you come to Mill Street,turn right. Follow Mill Street downhill and under the railway overpass.There is a park called Smokey Hollow Park on the right. The falls is avery short walk from the parking lot.Trail Access:This waterfall is just off the Waterdown section of theBruce Trail as it runs from Highway 6 to Waterdown Road. Nearby Attractions: Royal Botanical Gardens, Borer’s FallsConservation Area, downtown Waterdown

Great Falls is the last in the series of waterfalls in the northern part ofthe escarpment in the City of Hamilton as it tapers back from theFlamborough Head. This waterfall is also known as Smokey HollowFalls and Grindstone Falls. The area known as Smokey Hollow is a for-mer industrial area where Grindstone Creek once powered severalmills, including a sawmill that was built at the base of Great Falls. As lateas 1890, this area still supported two mills, nine outbuildings, threehouses and fourteen other buildings.

By 1912, due to the reduction of the water level in Grindstone Creek,and the inherent danger of the steam engines used to maximize water-power, the mills had all closed down. In 1994, the area was rehabilitat-ed by the Town of Waterdown and turned into a beautiful city park.

Location:Dundas Valley Conservation AreaType:Complex Classical CascadeHeight:4 metres Source: Hermitage CreekOwnership: City of HamiltonDriving Directions: From the 403, take the Rousseaux exit west toAncaster. Follow Rousseaux to Wilson Street (2nd set of lights) and turnleft onto Wilson. From Wilson Street, turn right onto Sulphur SpringsRoad. Turn right again at the stop sign. This is Sulphur Springs Road.Continue downhill into the valley until you see a small sign on yourright for the Hermitage. Park at the first parking lot. The falls are located behind the Gatehouse, the small stone building near theentrance. Please ensure you view the falls from only this side of thetrail, which is public property.Trail Access:This waterfall can be accessed by taking the Dundas section of the Bruce Trail in the Dundas Valley. It will parallel the MainLoop Trail and take you right to the Hermitage Ruins. The Main LoopTrail can also be accessed from the Hamilton-to Brantford Rail Trail orfrom the Dundas Valley Trail Centre.Nearby Attractions: Griffin House, Dundas Valley Trail Centre,Hamilton Conservation Authority Main Office, Woodend, FieldcoteMuseum, historic Ancaster Town Hall (built in 1871).

At only 4-metres this diminutive hidden treasure is one of the smaller waterfalls in the area, but still worth the trip to see, especially inthe spring thaw, or after a heavy rain. To find the waterfall, park in thefirst parking lot at the Gatehouse (before the Hermitage Ruins) andwalk back toward the entranceway. The waterfall is located east of thedriveway. If you have the time, take a few minutes to follow the MainLoop Trail to view the Hermitage Ruins.

Back in 1855, George Gordon Browne Leith bought the Hermitage prop-erty in the Dundas Valley. As a second son of a Scottish baronet, hecould not inherit either his father’s fortune or his title, so he moved toCanada to start a new life. Only ruins exist today, but it takes little imagi-nation to consider what they must have looked like in their heyday. The ground floor of the main house had a drawing room,library, dining room and a huge entrance hall; all furnished in statelyopulence with oil paintings, fine carpets and polished fixtures.Regrettably, The Hermitage burned almost completely in October 1934,leaving the Ruins and Gatehouse that stand today.