Welcome to DICOM Public Seminar

Day 3, Singapore Meeting

Not the first time for DICOM to meet in Asia, but definitely the first time in Singapore!

Exceptionally good program that offers something for everyone!

We would like to thank A-STAR for hosting this event!

We would also like to thank MatrixView for sponsoring the lunch!

Introduction to DICOM

DICOM history

Other Standards

Scope of DICOM

Technology Overview

DICOM Working GroupsArvind Thiagarajan

Member- WG 4, DSC

Chief Scientist, Matrixview

ACR-NEMA

• 1982 - ACR and NEMA form a joint committee• 1985 - Publication of Version 1.0• 1988 - Compression and Mag Tape Standards• 1988 - Publication of Version 2.0 • 1989 - Began work on Network Version with

HIS/RIS

First meeting organized by ACR and NEMA in 1983

DICOM

• The name was changed to separate the standard from the originating body

• 1991 - Release of Parts 1 and 8 of DICOM• 1992 - RSNA demonstration, Part 8• 1993 - DICOM Parts 1-9 approved,

RSNA demonstration of ALL parts• 1994 - Part 10: Media Storage and File Format• 1995 - Parts 11,12, and 13 plus Supplements

First successful DICOM Standard issued in 1993

Communication Standards• Protocols are defined by standards• A Standard is an agreement which may be voluntary,

Government mandated, or International Law • Protocols may also be proprietary

Who Defines Communication Standards?• User Consortia (e.g., HL7)• Organizations (e.g., NEMA, IEEE)• US Government Agencies (e.g., ANSI, NIST)• Foreign Government Agencies (e.g., CEN)• United Nations (e.g., ISO, CCITT)

DICOM’s Relationship to Other Standards• The initial version leveraged on prior work by ASTM.

• The Internet protocol TCP/IP adopted in 1993.

• In the nineties, solid cooperation with CEN, the European

Committee for Standardization

• Convergence of a Japanese interchange media format (IS&C) &

JIRA, the Japan Industries Association of Radiological Systems

• Coordination efforts with the ANSI-HISBB in the USA

• Started progressively to define links with HL7 resulting in joint

DICOM-HL7 working group.

• Type A liaison with the ISO Technical Committee 215 at its creation

in 1999

Communication Protocols :Key to Connectivity

• Layered Model, each layer performs a specific function

• Set of Services and Protocols

• Connectivity requires sharing of a complete protocol

• Communication requires a shared Semantic Context

ISO Reference Model

LLCMAC

PHYSICAL

DATA LINK

NETWORK

TRANSPORT

SESSION

PRESENTATION

APPLICATION

Fiber, Coax, UTP, µWave

End-to-End communication

Data Formatting, Compression,Encryption

File Transfer, E-mail, HTTP

Ethernet, FDDI, etc.

Internetworking

Upper Layers(DICOM)

Synchronization,Comm. Management

Lower Layers

Scope of DICOM• To create & maintain international standards for communication of

biomedical diagnostic and therapeutic information in disciplines that use

digital images & associated data

• To achieve compatibility & to improve workflow efficiency between imaging

systems & other information systems in healthcare environments worldwide.

• DICOM is a cooperative standard

• Every major diagnostic medical imaging vendor in the world has

incorporated the standard into their product design

• Most of the professional societies throughout the world have supported &

are participating in the enhancement of the standard as well

DICOM is the ONLY standard in the world that covers the exchange of medical images

Scope of DICOM• DICOM is used or will soon be used by virtually every medical profession that

utilizes images within the healthcare industry.

• These include – Cardiology

– Dentistry

– Endoscopy

– Mammography

– Opthamology

– Orthopedics

– Pathology

– Pediatrics

– Radiation therapy

– Radiology

– Surgery, etc.

• Initiatives are underway to add image guided surgery, pathology and veterinary practice

The Parts of the DICOM Standard• Part 1 - Introduction and Overview

• Part 2 - Conformance

• Part 3 - Information Object Definitions

• Part 4 - Service Class Definitions

• Part 5 - Data Structures & Semantics

• Part 6 - Data Element Listing and Typing

• Part 7 - Message Exchange Protocol

• Part 8 - Network Support for Message

Exchange

More than 100 supplements (extensions) to the Standard provide additional capabilities

• Part 10: Media Storage and File Format for Media Interchange

• Part 11: Media Storage Application Profiles

• Part 12: Media Formats and Physical Media for Media Interchange

• Part 14: Grayscale Standard Display Function

• Part 15: Security and System Management Profiles

• Part 16: Content Mapping Resource

• Part 17: Explanatory Information

• Part 18: Web Access to DICOM Persistent Objects (WADO)

Technology Overview• DICOM Functionality: Service

Classes

• Archive/Transfer Images: Store

(across network)

• Archive/Interchange Images: Media

Storage

• Query for Information & Retrieve

Images

• Make Image Hardcopies: Print

Management

• Patient, Study & Results

Management

• RIS-Modality: Worklist Management

• Test Connectivity: Verification

Technology OverviewAt the application layer, the services and information objects address

five primary areas of functionality:• Transmission and persistence of complete objects (such as images, waveforms and

documents)

• Query and retrieval of such objects

• Performance of specific actions (such as printing images on film)

• Workflow management (support of worklists and status information)

• Quality and consistency of image appearance (both for display and print)

The DICOM Standards Committee & Working Groups

WG1: Cardiac and Vascular Information

WG12: Ultrasound

WG2: Digital X-Ray WG13: Visible Light

WG3: Nuclear Medicine WG14: Security

WG4: Compression WG15: Digital Mammography

WG5: Exchange Media WG16: Magnetic Resonance

WG6: Base Standard WG17: 3D

WG7: Radiotherapy WG18: Clinical Trials and Education

WG8: Structured Reporting WG19: Dermatologic Standards

WG9: Ophthalmology WG20: Integration of Imaging and Information Systems

WG10: Strategic Advisory WG21: Computed Tomography

WG11: Display Function Standard WG-22: Dentistry

WG-23: Application Hosting

• Various presentations throughout the day will touch on

most of DICOM topics.

• To learn more, come to the DICOM 2005 International

Conference and Workshop in Budapest -- September

26 - 28, 2005.

• To find current information,visit DICOM Web Page at:

http://medical.nema.org/    or   

http://dicom.nema.org/    (No "www")

• Specific, technical questions can be addressed to 

http://groups-beta.google.com/group/comp.protocols.d

icom?hl=en