WELCOME M.TECH- BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING &
INSTRUMENTATION Murigendrayya M Hiremath Lecturer ML DSCE
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ARM Embedded System Design
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What is a System? Satellite Networking Defense Protocols
Computer Automotive Semiconductors Industrial Electronics Wireless
System is what you are building
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A way of working, organizing or performing one or many tasks
according to a fixed set of rules, program or plan. Also an
arrangement in which all units assemble and work together according
to a program or plan. What is a System?
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5 An Embedded System is a microprocessor based system that is
embedded as a subsystem, in a larger (which may or may not be a
computer system). OI What is an Embedded System?
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6 A short list of embedded systems And the list goes on and on
Anti-lock brakes Auto-focus cameras Automatic teller machines
Automatic toll systems Automatic transmission Avionic systems
Battery chargers Camcorders Cell phones Cell-phone base stations
Cordless phones Cruise control Curbside check-in systems Digital
cameras Disk drives Electronic card readers Electronic instruments
Electronic toys/games Factory control Fax machines Fingerprint
identifiers Home security systems Life-support systems Medical
testing systems Modems MPEG decoders Network cards Network
switches/routers On-board navigation Pagers Photocopiers
Point-of-sale systems Portable video games Printers Satellite
phones Scanners Smart ovens/dishwashers Speech recognizers Stereo
systems Teleconferencing systems Televisions Temperature
controllers Theft tracking systems TV set-top boxes VCRs, DVD
players Video game consoles Video phones Washers and dryers
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1. An embedded system is a system that has software embedded
into computer-hardware, which makes a system dedicated for an
application (s) or specific part of an application or product or
part of a larger system. 2. An embedded system is one that has a
dedicated purpose software embedded in a computer hardware. 3. It
is a dedicated computer based system for an application(s) or
product. It may be an independent system or a part of large system.
Its software usually embeds into a ROM (Read Only Memory) or flash.
It is any device that includes a programmable computer but is not
itself intended to be a general purpose computer. Wayne Wolf, Ref:
61 Embedded Systems are the electronic systems that contain a
microprocessor or a microcontroller, but we do not think of them as
computers the computer is hidden or embedded in the system. Todd D.
Morton What is an Embedded System?
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8 Application areas Telecommunication Aircraft electronics
Automotive electronics Trains
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9 An embedded system example -- a digital camera
Microcontroller CCD preprocessorPixel coprocessor A2D D2A JPEG
codec DMA controller Memory controllerISA bus interfaceUARTLCD ctrl
Display ctrl Multiplier/Accum Digital camera chip lens CCD
Single-functioned -- always a digital camera Tightly-constrained --
Low cost, low power, small, fast Reactive and real-time -- only to
a small extent
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ARM What is Advanced RISC Machines ARM Embedded System ?
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Why ARM here? ARM is one of the most licensed and thus
widespread processor cores in the world Used especially in portable
devices due to low power consumption and reasonable performance
(MIPS / watt) Several interesting extensions available or in
development like Thumb instruction set and Jazelle Java machine -
High code density.
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What is an Embedded System Design?
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13/105 ARM-based System Design Processor cores ARM On-Chip Bus:
AMBA Application programs Development tools Software development
Debug tools Development kits EDA models Development boards
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The Structure of ARM Tools C/C++ source C libraries asm source
object libraries C compilerassembler linkerLibrarian.o ELF object
file With DWARF2 debug tables.axf ELF/DWARF2 image debug ARMsd
ARMulator System models development board ELF: Executable and
linking format DWARF: Debug With Arbitrary Record Format
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15/105 AXD Desktop ToolbarMenu Status bar Disassembly processor
view Source processor view Console processor view Control System
view Variable processor view Watch processor view Watch system
view
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Debugging with Multi-ICE The system being debugged may be the
final system
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Development Familiarize with ARM software development tools,
ADS. Project management Configuring the settings of build targets
for your project Writing code (driver) for ARM-based platform
design Software cost (code size) estimation. The cost of a program
includes Read Only (RO) data, Read Write (RW) data and
Zero-Initialized (ZI) data. Mixed instruction sets, ARM and Thumb
interworking, is learned to balance the performance and code
density of an application. Profiling utility can be used to
estimate percentage time of each function in an application. Memory
configuration E.g., an embedded system might use fast, 32-bit RAM
for performance- critical code, such as interrupt handlers and the
stack, slower 16-bit RAM for application RW data, and ROM for
normal application code. Debug skills to be used to debug both
software of processor and memory- mapped hardware design running at
the target platform.
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ARM ARM architecture ARM assembly programming
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Syllabus 1. Introduction to embedded systems, Processor and
memory organization. 2. ARM embedded system, ARM processor
fundamentals. 3. Introduction to ARM instruction set, Introduction
to thumb instruction set 4. Writing and optimizing ARM assembly
code, Optimized primitives 5. Introduction to DSP on the ARM, FIR
filters, IIR filters, DFT 6. Exception and interrupt handling,
Embedded operating systems 7. Advanced DSP and SIMD support in
ARMv6, System and multiprocessor support additions to ARMv6
implementations, Future technologies beyond ARMv6.
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TEXT BOOKS: Chapter 2 to 7 ARM System Developers Guide, Andrew
Sloss, Dominic Symes and Chris Wright
REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Embedded system design, Frank vahid/Tony
givargis, John wiley &sons, 2003. 2. Embedded/Real time
systems, Real-Time systems, Dr.K.V.K.K Prasad, Dreamtech press,
2004. 3. Embedded Linux system design and development, P Raghavan,
Amol lad, Sriram Neellakandan, Auerbach publications 2006.