Week 2 workshop: Literature reviewPublic Health Research Methods – Nina Ginsberg

SB, NA & MG campuses are on the land of the Yugarabul, Yuggera, Jagera and Turrbal peoples.Gold Coast is on the land of the Yugambeh/Kombumerri peoples.

Diversity & Inclusion

1/3/20

English language useEthnicityAge ReligionPoliticsCultureGenderDiff-AbilitiesGPA resultsPhysical attributesEmotional stateIdentity/OrientationFamily StructureEmployment status

Race NationalityNeuro diverseSES statusPersonalityExperiencesLiving conditionsHistorical biographySkills and CompetenciesEducational backgroundThinking and learning stylesPersonal perspectives/beliefsHow well you ride a bikeAmount of imaginary friends

All are welcome, safe and valued in

my class

Images: Deloitte, Auckland Council & PRSA

Before we get started..

Blog: Bicycles Create Change>ResourcesInstagram: @bicycles_create_change

‘New students’?

Groups?

What questions do you have?

• Searching data bases

• Finding literature

• Research proposals

• Research reports

• The Literature Review

This week

What did we do last class?

• Critical Course Question: What types of evidence is used in health care and health research?

• I gave you 6 hot tips to get started with lit researching

• Got started in Groups and accessed GW documents

Last class

• All available on L@G:• Info on Google docs and Google drive for group work (resources folder)

• Task allocation

• Conflict resolution• Communication skills

• Managing meetings

• Team charter

• Team meeting report template

Group work resources

• Remind group members of your group charter

• Indicate missed meetings/uncompleted work through meeting records

• Ask how the group can help the member keep on track

• Assign different task/topic, show them an example

• If by the next meeting, input has not improved, make an appointment for the group to see Ernesta OR – if a group member has not turned up repeatedly (you’ve not heard from them), Ernesta will contact them

• These are important issues to take care of EARLY!

• Refer to L@G for GWresources on communication, task allocation and conflict resolution

Conflict resolution

Weekly Readings

6 steps to quick and easy weekly class reading preparation: PMI & Qs

1. Overview of reading – purpose, summary and main ideas2. P: Positives - benefits, advantages, good aspects3. M: Minuses –negatives, drawbacks, gaps, issues, problems, obstacles, criticisms4. I: Interesting points – conflicts, debates, insights, new ideas5. Your judgement of the usefulness of the article

- quality, applications, relevance, transferability, limitation, gaps- link to your research topic or RQs

6. Devise your own questions about the article (why and how) – bring this to class/group- demonstrates prior critical assessment of content- always something to contribute in class- helps integrate and activate the content into your learning- initiating original discussion topics is a higher-order analytical skill

Other ideas, links, key/new terms, further readings, FU..

AKA HACKA Hot tip

Write! Not just

read.

6 Steps to processing academic readings

Processing Academic Readings AKA HACKA HOT TIPs

Cornell Notetaking SQ3R Method

Go to Bicycles Create Change.com>Resources Page

Download Cornell Notetaking & SQ3R Method material

Textbook: Liamputtong (2017), pp.12-16

1. Show your team your reading notes. Discuss the way/process/method you used to read and notetake this week’s reading. Note the similarities and differences.

2. Share a critical question that you formed after reading the text. Discuss each group member’s critical questions.

Next week: Week 3 Reading

Liamputtong (2017)Systematic reviews - pp. 251-265 343-357 Everything you wanted to know about Systematic Reviews – 295-309Writing up research - pp. 425-429 Critically appraising research - pp. 257 438Search strategy and inclusion/exclusion criteria - pp. 302

#2 Discus: How do you ‘critically appraise’

evidence?(p. 268)

#1 Self-rate(p. 270)

#3 Discus: Share with your team a PICO question you would like your team to investigate. What systematic review

protocol/strategy would you use to answer this question?(p. 297-306)

Week 2

Hot tip: Examples of good and bad literature reviews

Source:Neuman, W.L. (2014). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches 7th edition, p. 143. Essex, UK: Pearson.

Literature Searching

• For the final report, you will be provided with a quantitative dataset to analyse

• This data set shapes the overall topic that you will be researching

• Choose the variable of most interest to your group and discuss potential research topics

• Stress will be one of your variables (all groups will examine stress)

• University students is the population

• Groups then choose one other variables from the list

• Frequency of exercise

• BMI

• Fruit and vegetable consumption

• Alcohol consumption

• Sleep

• Social media use

Lead on..

• The relationship between student stress and alcohol consumption

• The relationship between student stress and fruit and vegetable consumption

• The relationship between student stress and exercise

• The relationship between student stress and BMI

• The relationship between student stress and social media use

• The relationship between student stress and sleep

Example topics

Allocating sub-topics for Literature ReviewLiterature on each of these points is required:1. Stress is an important health issue

(definition etc)2. One factor that may be related to

experience of stress is [other variable]

3. Students suffer from high amounts of stress

4. As well as having a particular experience of [other variable]

5. This is what we know about the relationship between all three

This will become the structure of the body of your literature review!

TIP: Consider each of these points as a sub-topicwithin your literature review. Allocate a sub-topic to each group member for them to find literature on.

• See Wk 2 online lecture on library search skills (in week 2 content folder)

• See Liamputtong (2017) pp. 347-353 on deciding on a search strategy and inclusion/exclusion criteria

• Which databases will you use?

• Which search terms will you use?

• For each element of your topic write a list of the key terms used by professionals in the discipline to describe those elements

• Are alternate terms used by professionals in related disciplines?

• Are alternate terms used in other parts of the world?

• Boolean (AND, OR, NOT), truncation*, MeSH terms

• Are these terms identifying relevant literature? If not, try different ones

Literature search strategy

• Topic: Is there a relationship between dietary supplements and athletic performance among college athletes?

• Terms

• Dietary [diet*] supplement*

NOT

• doping

AND

• Athletic [OR sport, football, hockey, track, gymnastics] performance [OR success, titles]

AND

• College OR university athlete* [OR sport specific e.g. football, track etc]

• Inclusion/exclusion criteria - who should the studies be about?, what variables should the included studies have investigated (e.g. supplements, performance, students)?, what outcomes are we interested in?

Example literature search strategy

• Topic: Is there a relationship between dietary supplements and athletic performance among college athletes?

• Boolean Terms

• Dietary [diet*] supplement*

NOT

• doping

AND

• Athletic [OR sport, football, hockey, track, gymnastics] performance [OR success, titles]

AND

• College OR university athlete* [OR sport specific e.g. football, track etc]

• Inclusion/exclusion criteria - who should the studies be about? What variables should the included studies have investigated (e.g. supplements, performance, students)? What outcomes are we interested in?

Example literature search strategy

Hierarchy of evidence (Liamputtong, 2017, pp. 6-10)

• This is only one way of organising different types of evidence!

• Your literature search will yield evidence from different types of studies..

• Which is the best?

• … it depends on the research question.

• Consider a research question such as: What are young people’s experiences of living with HIV?

• Would an RCT provide the best evidence?

• Key areas for each annotation:

• Citation - APA 7th style

• Background - what literature/previous knowledge informs this study?

• Research aim/question - what is the study asking/trying to find out?

• Methods - consider reliability, validity and sampling

• Results - what are the results of the study? Are they statistically significant?

• Usefulness (to your research) - Is the study population and setting similar to yours?

• Limitations - small sample size, reliability/validity of measurement tools, other bias

Annotated bibliography

Tips for group task: Example of allocating sub-topics

• Topic: The relationship between depression and illicit drug use

• Your task in the literature review is to:

• Make a case for why this topic is important

• Identify what is known/not known (gap) on this topic for the specified population

• Tasks/sub topics for annotated bibliography

• What are the health issues involved with depression & illicit drug use? Why is this a problem? (health care costs etc)

• Prevalence of illicit drug use and prevalence of depression among university students (why are these issues important?)

• Depression and university students (what do we know and why is this important?)

• Illicit drug use and university students (what do we know and why is this important?)

• Depression and illicit drug use relationship among student population (what is known/not known)

• Exchange group member contact details with any new members• Complete group charter and share on your online group forum• Finalise research topic • Complete sourcing articles for literature review

• Each group member needs to source 3 relevant articles for annotated bibliography

• Complete annotations• By this time next week you should be sharing your annotations with your group

• Ideally you should share your annotations as soon as possible• The quicker you do this step, the more time you have to spend on your literature review

• Do you need to meet outside of class time?• This might be necessary sometimes, maybe not every week

• Helps to get some work done so that you can ask your tutor questions during class time• Continue online communication and information sharing

Tasks for this week

Reflection on group work…

Group work tasks this week:

• By this time next week groups should have:

- Group charters finalised

- 2-3 detailed meeting records

- Defined and allocated meeting chair and minute taker roles

- Identified and been mindful of group member strengths/weaknesses

- Continued to meet to ensure group members are keeping up with finding and annotating articles

- Been keeping group members accountable, maybe implementing conflict resolution skills (see learning@Griffith)

Questions?

Group Work Time

See you next week!