Week 2 & 3Children at risk

Susan Morwood

Child developmentand child abuse

• Child development• Normal child development • Sexual development• Child abuse defined• Sexual• Physical• Emotional/psychological• Cumulative• Family Violence

http://youtu.be/NLDqjgkZ5ts

• http://youtu.be/NLDqjgkZ5ts

• Child development 0 to 3 years

Child development• Development is the process that describes

how humans grow. Most people who write about it agree that it proceeds in an orderly way going step by step through a series of stages. Each step completed means you move to a higher level of functioning

• Development is influenced biologically (what we were born with) and by the environment (what we are exposed to)

• Changes occur all the time in all aspects effecting humans eg. Biological, intellectual, emotional, social behaviours, when these interact together each influences the other’s progression.

Four principlesof childdevelopment

• As children grow, theyconstruct their own rules for how the world operates

• Children develop in phases• Children vary in the rate they develop• Different skills develop separately and at

different rates

Children’s growth and development

• Physical Increase in size and function• Sensory Awareness of 5 senses, sight, smell, touch, taste,

hearing• Intellectual Ability to learn and to solve problems• Emotional Ability to form and sustain relationships and

empathise• Social Ability for self care, work for others ie play and

school, appropriate behaviour• Moral Ability to understand right and wrong through

building of conscience

Children’s communicationis influenced by the following factors:

Their Thoughts -

(Cognitive)

Their Mood - (Affect)

Their behaviour/pressures -

(Social)

Their environment -

(Situation)

Theories of Child Development

Abraham Maslow introduced the idea of a hierarchy of needs:Self actualization

Achievement

Love

Safety

Food

Erickson

• Stage 1- Trust/mistrust (safe/secure unsafe / mistrust)

• Stage 2- Autonomy/shame (secure/confident- inadequacy/self doubt)

• Stage 3- Industry v’s ineffectiveness (pride/accomplishment; competence and belief in skills)

• Stage 4- Identity solidification v’s identity confusion

• Stage 5- Intimacy v’s isolation• Stage 6- Integrity v’s despair

Piaget (1896-1980)

• Sensorimotor- 0 – 2 yrsindividuation

• Preoperational 2-6 yrsThinking, Egocentric, non-logical, non-reversible patterns

• Concrete operational 6-12 yrsSolve concrete patterns

• Formal Operational 12- Possibilities and abstraction

Check list

• Language abilities• Motor skills/ physical abilities• Emotional range• Thinking abilities• How they play• Task they can complete• Social network• Relationships with parents - how they seek comfort

Needs v’s wants

• What we need is often different to what we want.

• I want chocolate when I am tired, have worked hard, think I deserve it, feel sorry for myself, or because it is Tuesday.

• I need 6 types of vegetable and 2 liters of water every day

• On Tuesdays this is not what I want.

Children’s needs and wants

• Children need an adult who is stable and able to think about there needs often putting priority on them over there own.

• Children will often want a parent who has been abusive toward them even when this parent is unable to meet their needs.

Exercise: Thinking about children’s needs and wants

• Thinking of a child you know what are their Needs/Wants?

• What they say they want and what they really need for a healthy, happy life?

• What you think they want and need?• How do we manage the points when

you/child/parent/system are not in agreement?

Class assessment task

• In this task you must complete three case scenarios.

• The first we will all do in class together (8/5/12)

• The second you will do in class on your own and we will then discuss (15/5/12)

• The third you do on your own

What have we learnt today?On your own-

1. Review your learning goals, have they been met today?

2. How are you going to use what you have learnt today in your work?

3. Any questions/commentsWith your partner-

Discuss where you are up to in your learning process so far