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Wedn esday , 9/8/10. Turn in your writing assignments to the basket Quiz on Friday, 9/10/10 on Enlightenment Thinkers and ideas…study the graphic organizer Notes on Enlightened Despots Complete Reading Questions EH text pgs. 32-46. Enlightenment and Monarchy. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Wednesday, 9/8/10 Turn in your writing assignments to
the basket Quiz on Friday, 9/10/10 on
Enlightenment Thinkers and ideas…study the graphic organizer
Notes on Enlightened Despots Complete Reading Questions
EH text pgs. 32-46
Enlightenment and Monarchy
Despotism: Individual ruler whose power is not limited by a constitution
Enlightened despots: Absolute rulers who embraced enlightenment ideas and reform
How can an absolutist be “en lightened”?
• Direct correspondence with philosophes• Use their power to promote intellectualideas and the welfare of their people
– The people can’t do it themselves• Religious toleration• More education• Elimination of torture and/or death
penalty• Streamlined legal codes
But…• All of these reforms were MODERATE• Most of these ideas and reforms will be
undone by the 19th century• Absolutism and enlightenment ideas can’t
coexist
Joseph II, Ruler of Austria
Legal reforms, freedom of press, religious freedom, abolished serfdom
Many reforms undone after his death
• Most reforms undone by Leopold II (r.1790-92)
Catherine the Great of Russia (r. 1762-1796)
Her goal: modernize and westernize
Pugachev’s Rebellion (1773)
• Largest peasant revolt in Russian history
Catherine needed support of the nobility
• 1785: Charter of the Nobility
– Guaranteed noble privileges
Impact of the EnlightenedAbsolutists
Most reforms were undone– Leopold II (r. 1790-92) undid Joseph’s
reforms– Catherine abandoned the Enlightenment The nobility emerged more powerful• For enlightenment ideas to work, a new
form of government will need to emerge…
Reading QuestionsPgs. 33-46
1) What is an enlightened despot?2) How was Joseph II influenced by the
Enlightenment ideas?3) What changes did Joseph II make in his
reform efforts?4) What happened to many of Joseph’s reforms?5) Was Catherine the Great an Enlightened
despot according to the text? Why or why not?
6) What was the cause of the Pugachev Revolt?7) How did the revolt effect Catherine’s views?8) What was the Charter of Nobility?