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For BSNL internal circulation only
E2-E3
Consumer Fixed Access
FIBER TO THE HOME (FTTH)
For BSNL internal circulation only
WELCOME
• This is a presentation for the E2-E3 Consumer
Fixed Access Module for the Topic: Fiber to
Home
• Eligibility: Those who have got the Upgradation
from E2 to E3.
• This presentation is last updated on 15-3-2011.
• You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL to
see this topic.
For BSNL internal circulation only
To day customers wants
These services are delivered by
Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL)
Cable Modems
Wireless
Dependable
Voice
Service
High Quality
VideoHigh Speed Data
For BSNL internal circulation only
The preferred user’srequirement
Video
Voice
Data User
USER REQUIREMENT
• Many services on one infrastructure is efficient
• Commercially viable for network owner/operator
• Efficiency = lower costs for users and service providers
• Enhanced choice is attractive to customers
For BSNL internal circulation only
To meet the costumers demand, service provider
needs a Robust networking solution.
The solution is fiber based networks on fiber
based technologies or FTTH
For BSNL internal circulation only
FTTH OFFERS
Unlimited bandwidth
The flexibility to meet customer demand for
interactive, video-based services.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Fiber in the loop
In FITL network architecture the fiber optic technology
is being deployed from Central Office (CO) of a
telephone carrier to a remote serving area
interface(SAI) to an Optical Network Unit (ONU)
located at the customer premises.
Normally, the fiber is deployed in either all or part of
the local loop distribution network.
• FITL includes various architectures such as FTTC,
FTTH & FTTP.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Fiber to the x ( FTTX)
It is a generic term for any network
architecture that uses optical fiber to
replace all or part of the usual copper
local loop used form telecommunications.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Today, fiber networks come in many varieties,
depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTx
Fiber To The Node/Network (FTTN)
Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet (FTTC)
Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB),
Fiber To The Home (FTTH),
For simplicity, most people have begun to refer to
the fiber network as FTTx, in which x stands for the
termination point.
For BSNL internal circulation only
FTTN
Fiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/
Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab).
Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet
(neighbourhood).Customers connect to this cabinet is
using twisted pair wiring. The area served by the cabinet is
less than 1500 meters in radius.
If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300 meters in
radius then the architecture is normally called fiber to the
curb.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Advantages :-
Low Cost
Non-blocking or low- blocking performance better
supports convergence.
Extremely flexible to deploy.
Allows the use of a variety of media from the
Telephone Exchange to the User .
Disadvantages :-
Supports less bandwidth
For BSNL internal circulation only
FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)
O
L
T
E
Central Office
Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
Copper Cable
ONU
ONU
O
L
T
E
O
L
T
E
Central Office
Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
Copper Cable
ONUONU
ONUONU
A method of installing optical fiber cable
by the curb near the user’s home.
For BSNL internal circulation only
FTTB (Fiber To The Building)
O
L
T
E
Central Office
Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Building
ONU
Copper loops
O
L
T
E
O
L
T
E
Central Office
Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Building
ONU
Copper loops
By introducing fiber cables from the fiber termination
point to the home living space or business office
space FTTB can be converted to full FTTH.
For BSNL internal circulation only
FTTH (Fiber To The Home)
O
L
T
E
Central Office
Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
ONU
O
L
T
E
O
L
T
E
Central Office
Optical Fiber Cable
User’s Home
ONU
FTTH is the final configuration of
access networks using optical fiber
cable.
For BSNL internal circulation only
FTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber is available
very
close to the customer/building.
FTTN ensure that all the Network Elements
shall have fiber medium.
FTTB fiber shall be made available to all buildings.
FTTH is the next and ultimate stage in this plan.
Steps in Evolution of FTTH
For BSNL internal circulation only
Fiber to the Premises
It is a form of fiber-optic communication
delivery in which an optical fiber runs directly
onto the customers' premises.
This is dissimilar with other fiber optic
communication networks such as (FTTN),
(FTTC) or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of
which depends upon copper wires or coaxial
cable for "last mile" delivery.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Fiber to the premises can be further categorized
according to the optical fiber ends.
FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber optic
communication network in which optical signal reaches
upto the end user’s office.
FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber
optic communication delivery in which optical signal
reaches upto the building, but where the fiber
terminate before reaching the home, business
premises or set of customers. The remaining path
uses other than Optical Fiber.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Optical Portion:-Optical Distribution Network
have several technologies to deploy.
Direct
Fiber
Shared
fiber
Active
Optical
Network
Passive
Optical
Network
For BSNL internal circulation only
Here each fiber leaving the central office
goes to exactly one customer .i.e. point to
point topology
Provides excellent bandwidth because
each customer have their own dedicated
fiber.
Costlier due to the large amount of fiber
requirement.
DIRECT FIBER
For BSNL internal circulation only
In this architecture, each fiber leaving the central
office is actually shared by many customers.
There are two leading optical distribution networks
with which we can achieve this split.
Active optical network (AONs)
Passive optical network (PONs)
SHARED FIBER
For BSNL internal circulation only
In this architecture, power equipment is
used to distribute the signal such as switch,
router or multiplexer.
Each signal leaving the central office is
directed only to the particular customer.
Active Ethernet uses optical switches to
distribute the signal.
Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3
switching and routing.
It can handle upto 1000 customers.
Active optical network
For BSNL internal circulation only
PON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premises
network architecture.
Un-powered optical splitters are used to enable
a single optical fiber to serve multiple customers.
A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reduces
the amount of fiber.
Down stream signal from the Central Office is
broadcasted to each customer premises sharing a
fiber.
Upstream signals are combined using a multiple
access protocol towards Central Office.
Passive Optical Networks
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Technology Options for FTTH
For BSNL internal circulation only
The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is
installed in Central Office as head end.
OLT transmits optical signal to splitter, from
where the signal is distributed to multiple customers
directly or via another splitters.
Optical Network Terminals (ONT) terminate the
signal at the customer premises.
Functioning of PON Architecture
For BSNL internal circulation only
Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT and
ONT for 1:32 splitter.
PONs do not require any power for the splitters
so operational cost and complexity is reduced.
Passive optical splitters are used to split the fiber/
bandwidth and share among many customers.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Telechoice
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
For BSNL internal circulation only
O
L
T
Central
Office
IP N/Ws
CATV overlay
services
Video/Audio over
IP services
Other
Networks
Management
System
1:32(64) Optical Splitter PON
ONU
ONU
ONUTDM
TDMA
Video
Data
Voice
PABX
Data
0-20 Km physical reach (60 Km logical
reach supported by protocol)
2G
BTS
PON Architecture
TDM
For BSNL internal circulation only
The basic elements in any PON system
are:
OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providing
PON with the various network interfaces
ONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer
Premises equipment providing user interface for
many/single customer
PON : distributed or single staged passive optical
splitters/combiners providing connectivity
between OLT & multiple ONU/ONTs.
NMS : Management of the complete PON system
from OLT
For BSNL internal circulation only
BSNL FTTH PLAN
Phase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network is
planned in 98 cities where the number of Direct Exchange
Lines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore
Ethernet in the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed
to be deployed.
FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point optical
system or point to multi point fiber system (PON).
7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year.
1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON.
5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON & G-PON.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase of
G-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended
to other cities having Optical Access Network
cables laid as per OAN target.
In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhs
customers to be extended with fast Ethernet/
Gigabit Ethernet service to their buildings on
Fiber.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Phase-III (2010-11): In third phase OAN project is
proposed to be commenced in 198 cities.
Sufficient fiber structure shall be laid in all these
cities for commencing FTTH service.
The total target of FTTH deployment in third phase
will be approximately 7.5 lakhs.
The customer base on FTTH upto March-2011 shall
be 20 lakhs (200 million).
For BSNL internal circulation only
FLAVORS OF PON
Broadband PON
Ethernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON
(GEPON)
Gigabit PON (GPON)
For BSNL internal circulation only
PON Architecture
For BSNL internal circulation only
PON Architecture
For BSNL internal circulation only
PON Architecture
For BSNL internal circulation only
GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks
Planning: The GEPON network do not support the
redundancy so only single fiber and single input
splitters are planned.
There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassis and
each chassis is capable to cater 32X20=640 customers.
There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters.
1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highly
dense locations and multistoried buildings.
For BSNL internal circulation only
PLANNING GUIDELINES
Out Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning
for GPON
The OAN to be planned in all broadband cities by
deploying high count Optical Fiber cables.
The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these
cities will be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main
routes and 24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings.
The leading fiber will be terminated in fiber termination
box.
For BSNL internal circulation only
2:32 split architecture
It is desirable to have one splitter at the premises of
the customer / building / locality.
The two leading fiber from (24/12Fiber cable) cables,
fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2
fiber can be joined in the two sides of OAN. The other
side of the
main route fiber will form a ring and terminated on
other port.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Cascade split architecture in GPON
As the number of customers will be less in the
beginning and distributed across the city, cascade
splitters can be deployed to cover more area.
The number of proposed split can be only two.
Splitters may be used in any of the following
combinations such as:
2:4 & 1:16
2:4 & 4X (1:8)
2:8 & 1:4 etc.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Advantage of FTTH through PON
Being passive network, no active componentsare required from Central office to end user.
Single fiber to the end user providing revenuegenerating services.
FTTH features local battery backup & lowpower consumption.
Reliable, scalable & secure.Future proof network architecture.
For BSNL internal circulation only
Application Areas
Residential or Business Services
High Speed InternetTransparent LAN Service Broadcast VideoMulti-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.)Private LineTDM TelephonyIP Telephony (VoIP)
Wireless ServicesWireless backhaul over PON
For BSNL internal circulation only