Webinar #6 - Municipal Concrete Pavement Design 101December 2, 2020

Facilitator

Alen Keri, P.Eng.

Director of Technical Services

Concrete Ontario

akeri@concreteontario.org

mailto:akeri@concreteontario.org

Housekeeping

Approximately a 45 minute webinar with Q & A at the end All participants are muted Questions? Use the GoToWebinar ‘Questions’ Pane Webinar will be recorded and posted on the Concrete Ontario

website along with a PDF copy of the presentation. https://www.rmcao.org/publications/webinar-presentations/

https://www.rmcao.org/publications/webinar-presentations/

All previous webinars are available on the Concrete Ontario website:

www.rmcao.org/publications/webinar-presentations/

Municipal Concrete Paving - Webinar Series

Presenter

Tim J Smith, P.Eng., MSc. Eng.

Senior Director, Built Environment, Transportation and Public Works

Cement Association of Canada

tsmith@cement.ca

mailto:tsmith@cement.ca

Basics of Concrete Pavement Components Load Transfer

Overview of Pavement Design Process and Design Methods PavementDesigner.org Thickness Design Software

Outline

Longitudinal jointTransverse joint

Subgrade Subbase or base

Surface Texture

Surface smoothnessor rideability Thickness Design

Dowel bars

Concrete materials

Tiebars

Concrete Pavement Features

How Pavements Carry Loads

Asphalt Section

3000 kg.

pressure < 0.2 MPa

3000 kg.

pressure ≈ 2.0 MPa

Zone

of H

igh

Com

pres

sion

Max Strain

Concrete Section

Load Transfer in Concrete Pavements

The slabs ability to share its load with its neighboring slab Dowels

High Truck Traffic Volumes and / or Very Heavy Loads Typically Pavements > 200 mm 32 or 38 mm dowels > 200 mm 25 mm dowels for < 175 mm

Aggregate Interlock Low Truck Traffic Volumes (Pavements < 175 mm)

L = x

U = 0

Poor Load Transfer

Good Load TransferL = x U = x

Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement

Jointed Plain

ConcretePavement

(JPCP)

Transverse Steel0%

Transverse Joints

3.6-6 m(12-20 ft)

TransverseCracks

N/A

General Pavement Design Procedure and Analysis

ClimateLoad

MaterialsStructure

Distress

Response

Time

Damage

Damage Accumulation

Geotechnical Report

Critical part of design process Borehole information tells you key aspects of the natural soil conditions:Type of soilUniformity of soilWater content Atterberg limits Gradation

JPCP Roadway Design Methods

AASHTOWare Pavement ME (previously known as DARWin-ME and MEPDG)

AASHTO 93 (software as ACPA WinPAS)

ACPA StreetPave

325 & 330

Many existing design programs: AASHTOWare Pavement ME – Structural Design Software Street and Road Concrete Pavement ACPA StreetPave 12: Structural Design Software for Street and Road Concrete Pavement ACPA AirPave 11: Structural Design Software for Airport and Industrial Concrete Pavement ACPA WinPAS 12: Structural Design of Concrete Pavement by AASHTO 1993 Method ACPA BCOA: Bonded Concrete Overlay on Asphalt Thickness Design Calculator NRMCA Concrete Pavement Analyst (CPA): Concrete Pavement Design for Parking Lots PCA RCCPave Beta Version: Structural Design of Roller-Compacted Concrete for Industrial Pavements Pavement Designer.org: Structural Design of Concrete Pavement for Streets, Roads, Airports and Industrial Concrete

Pavements and RCC Pavements PCASE2.09 – Pavement – Transportation Computer Assisted Structural Engineering a user-friendly computer format for

designing and evaluating transportation systems, including airfields, roads, and railroads. TCPavements (Optipave2) – Structural Design Software for Highways, Streets, Local Roads and Industrial Pavements ICP Structural Design Program Metric – Structural Design Software Street and Roads

Pavement Thickness Design Software Programs

ACI 330.2R-17: Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Site Paving for Industrial and Trucking Facilities

ACI 330R-08 Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Parking Lots ACI 325.12R-02 Guide for Design of Jointed Concrete Pavements for Streets

and Local Roads.

Pavement Design Tables and Manuals

ACI 330

Simplified Equivalent Pavement Design Matrix

Required Data Inputs – Metric or US Units

Traffic Category ACPA categories (Residential, Collector, Minor

Arterial, Major Arterial) ACI 330 Traffic spectrum (Category A,B,C or

D) User defined axle load spectra

Traffic data Two way truck traffic Traffic growth rate Design life Directional distribution Design lane distribution

StreetPave 12 Software

Global Design Inputs Terminal serviceability Reliability Resilient modulus of subgrade

General design inputs % of slabs cracked at end of design life Composite modulus of subgrade reaction (k-

value) Granular base thickness Granular subbase thickness Edge support (yes / no)

Material Properties Flexural strength Modulus of Elasticity

StreetPave 12 Software

Required Data Inputs Metric or US Units

Asphalt Pavement inputs Asphalt pavement structure

ACP thickness Granular A thickness Granular B thickness

Total flexible ESALS Overall Standard Deviation Subgrade resilient modulus Initial serviceability Terminal serviceability

WinPAS 12 Thickness Design Software

PCCP Pavement inputs Total rigid ESALS Reliability Overall Standard Deviation Flexural Strength Modulus of Elasticity Load transfer efficiency Modulus of subgrade reaction (can back calculate

value using StreetPave software) Drainage coefficient Initial serviceability Terminal serviceability

WinPAS 12 Thickness Design Software

PavementDesigner.org

Industry Team Partners Eric Ferrebee,

American Concrete Pavement Association Wayne Adaska, P.E.

Portland Cement Association Brian Killingsworth, P.E.

National Ready Mix Concrete Association Additional Support

Jim Mack, P.E. & Feng Mu, PhD, P.E. CEMEX

Randy Riley, P.E. & Jim Powell, P.E. ACPA State/Chapter Associations

PavementDesigner.org - Project Leaders

+Design Guidance

Substructure SensitivityAsphalt Design

Evaluation

Bringing Online Some of the Best Available Design Tools

Many existing design programs: ACPA StreetPave 12: Structural Design Software for Street and Road Concrete Pavement ACPA AirPave 11: Structural Design Software for Airport Concrete Pavement ACPA WinPAS 12: Structural Design of Concrete Pavement by AASHTO 1993 Method ACPA BCOA: Bonded Concrete Overlay on Asphalt Thickness Design Calculator NRMCA Concrete Pavement Analyst (CPA): Concrete Pavement Design for Parking Lots PCA RCCPave: Structural Design of Roller-Compacted Concrete for Industrial Pavements PCA PCAPave: Structural Design of Concrete Pavement PCASE2.09 – Pavement – Transportation Computer Assisted Structural Engineering TCPavements / Optipave

ACI 330.2R-17: Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Site Paving for Industrial and Trucking Facilities ACI 330R-08 Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Parking Lots ACI 325.12R-02 Guide for Design of Jointed Concrete Pavements for Streets and Local Roads. Can be challenging for designers to determine best choice and get consistent results and recommendations across products Contributes to negative perception that cement-based pavement solutions are difficult to design compared to asphalt

pavements

Need and Relevance – Unify Industry Design Tools

ACPA, NRMCA, and PCA partnership, with a contribution from the RCC Council to develop a website application to design cement-based solutions for: Streets and Local Roads Parking Lots Intermodal/Industrial Facilities

Design guidance and tools for: Jointed-Plain Concrete Pavements Continuously Reinforce Concrete Pavement Concrete Overlays Composite Pavements Roller Compacted Concrete Cement Modified Soils Cement-Treated Base Full-Depth Reclamation

Overview and Background

Bringing Online Some of the Best Available Design Tools

Primary audience is city, county, and consultant engineers who design pavements

Secondary audience is professors and students Unifies design methods, providing promoters with a single source to

direct target audience to for consistent answers Fills a design void for some products Web-based platform, appealing to existing and future generations of

design engineers… …with broad industry partner support! FREE and easily accessible!

Summary –

Roots date back to the 1960s PCA Method Tailored for streets and roads Failure modes are cracking and faulting

PavementDesigner.org for Roadways

Faulting Cracking

PavementDesigner fatigue calculation should be conservative relative to ME Design because: Size Effects – Slabs have a greater fatigue capacity than beams Support – The beam test has a k-value for support of 0 psi/in.!

A Conservative Approach!

L/3Span Length = L

d=L/3…versus…

What About Overlay Design?

PavementDesigner Overlay Design Procedure Utilizes StreetPave with

modification to account for existing surface layer’s condition and thickness

Links out to the BCOA-ME Best method available Incorporates ACPA BCOA and

6x6x6 designs

Lots of Guidance Available…

ACI 330.2R-17 – Guide for the Design and Construction of Concrete Site Paving for Industrial and Trucking Facilities Uses design tables Lists additional design software:

ACPA StreetPave Pavement ME TCPavements / Optipave ACPA AirPave

What Designs are Available for Heavy Intermodal/Industrial Vehicles

AirPave Methodology for Heavy Equipment

What about Parking Lots?

ACI 330R-08 Guide for Concrete Parking lots Uses Design Tables

ACI 330

ACI 330

ACI 330 Guide based on StreetPave design runs StreetPave is another accepted design methodology for Parking

Lots

Parking Lot Design

PavementDesigner uses a slightly modified version of StreetPavefor the sake of simplicity Allows for various design lives, reliabilities, and percent slabs cracked at

the end of the design life

Parking Lot Design with PavementDesigner

PavementDesigner.org – Welcome Screen

PavementDesigner – Project Type Selection

PavementDesigner – Project Type Selection

PavementDesigner – Street Design

PavementDesigner – Street Design

For more information about the project: July 8th webinar presented by Ben McWade, Region of Durham

Webinar recording available at: https://www.rmcao.org/publicatio

ns/webinar-presentations/

PavementDesigner – Street – Project LevelHarwood and Bayly Intersection – Ajax, ON

https://www.rmcao.org/publications/webinar-presentations/

PavementDesigner – Street – Project Level

PavementDesigner – Popup Help

PavementDesigner – Input Help

PavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level Details

PavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level Details

PavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level Details

Estimated Traffic From Asphalt Design

Note: PavementDesigner calculates total allowable flexible ESALs Using AASHTO 93

PavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level Details

PavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level Details

PavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level Details

PavementDesigner – Street Type Selection

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement Structure

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Project Summary

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful Analyses

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful Analyses

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful Analyses

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful Analyses

PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful Analyses

PavementDesigner – Creating a Report

Report

Software Pavement Thickness Comparison

Recommendations PavementDesigner StreetPave 12 (MR=4.83 MPa)

SteertPave 12 (MR= 5 MPa)

Thickness (mm) 217 216 208

Joint Spacing (m) 4.46 4.57 4.57

Design Life (years) 20 20 20

Note: These numbers are based on 100 mm of granular base. If you consider there is 300 mm or more of granular base material the thickness design changes to 200 mm

PavementDesigner - Resources

PavementDesigner - Resources

PavementDesigner Support

Concrete Pavement Technology Centre for use of their presentation on PavementDesigner.org

Acknowledgement

Questions?

January 28 – ???

Next Webinar

Thank you!

Webinar #6 - Municipal Concrete Pavement Design 101�December 2, 2020FacilitatorHousekeepingMunicipal Concrete Paving - Webinar SeriesPresenterOutlineConcrete Pavement FeaturesHow Pavements Carry LoadsLoad Transfer in Concrete Pavements Jointed Plain Concrete PavementGeneral Pavement Design Procedure and AnalysisGeotechnical Report JPCP Roadway Design MethodsPavement Thickness Design Software ProgramsPavement Design Tables and Manuals ACI 330Simplified Equivalent Pavement Design MatrixStreetPave 12 Software StreetPave 12 Software WinPAS 12 Thickness Design SoftwareWinPAS 12 Thickness Design SoftwarePavementDesigner.orgPavementDesigner.org - Project LeadersBringing Online Some of the Best Available Design Tools Need and Relevance – Unify Industry Design ToolsOverview and BackgroundBringing Online Some of the Best Available Design Tools Summary – PavementDesigner.org for RoadwaysA Conservative Approach!What About Overlay Design?Lots of Guidance Available…What Designs are Available for Heavy Intermodal/Industrial VehiclesAirPave Methodology for Heavy EquipmentWhat about Parking Lots?ACI 330ACI 330Parking Lot DesignParking Lot Design with PavementDesignerPavementDesigner.org – Welcome ScreenPavementDesigner – Project Type SelectionPavementDesigner – Project Type SelectionPavementDesigner – Street DesignPavementDesigner – Street DesignPavementDesigner – Street – Project Level�Harwood and Bayly Intersection – Ajax, ONPavementDesigner – Street – Project LevelPavementDesigner – Popup HelpPavementDesigner – Input HelpPavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level DetailsPavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level DetailsPavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level DetailsEstimated Traffic From Asphalt DesignPavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level DetailsPavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level DetailsPavementDesigner – Streets – Project Level DetailsSlide Number 57PavementDesigner – Street Type SelectionPavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement StructurePavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement StructurePavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement StructurePavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement StructurePavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement StructurePavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Pavement StructurePavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Project SummaryPavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful AnalysesSlide Number 67PavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful AnalysesPavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful AnalysesPavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful AnalysesPavementDesigner – JPCP Street – Helpful AnalysesPavementDesigner – Creating a ReportReportSoftware Pavement Thickness Comparison PavementDesigner - ResourcesPavementDesigner - ResourcesPavementDesigner SupportAcknowledgement Questions?Next WebinarThank you!