SECTION I StaticsIntroduction Russell C. Hibbeler1 Force-System Resultants and Equilibrium R. C. HibbelerForce-System · Resultants · Equilibrium2 Centroids and Distributed Forces W. D. Pilkey and L. KitisCentroid of a Plane Area · Centroid of a Volume Surface · Forces · Line Forces · Calculation of SurfaceArea and Volume of a Body with Rotational Symmetry · Determination of Centroids3 Moments of Inertia J. L. MeriamArea Moments of Inertia · Mass Moments of InertiaSECTION II Mechanics of MaterialsIntroduction Ted L. Anderson4 Reactions T. AnagnosTypes of Supports · Actual versus Idealized Support Conditions · Static Determinacy and Indeterminacy ·Computation of Reactions5 Bending Stresses in Beams J. M. GereLongitudinal Strains in Beams · Normal Stresses in Beams (Linearly Elastic Materials)6 Shear Stresses in Beams J. M. GereShear Stresses in Rectangular Beams · Shear Stresses in Circular Beams · Shear Stresses in the Webs ofBeams with Flanges7 Shear and Moment Diagrams G. R. BuchananSign Convention · Shear and Moment Diagrams · Shear and Moment Equations8 Columns L. W. Zachary and J. B. LigonFundamentals · Examples · Other Forms of Instability9 Pressure Vessels E. Livingston and R. J. ScavuzzoDesign Criteria · Design Formulas · Opening Reinforcement10 Axial Loads and Torsion N. R. Bauld, Jr.Axially Loaded Bars · Torsion11 Fracture Mechanics T. L. AndersonFundamental Concepts · The Energy Criterion · The Stress Intensity Approach · Time-Dependent CrackGrowth and Damage Tolerance · Effect of Material Properties on FractureSECTION III Dynamics and VibrationsIntroduction Bruce Karnopp12 Dynamics of Particles: Kinematics and Kinetics B. KarnoppDynamics of Particles · Newton's Second Law · Moment of Momentum Relations · Momentum · Integralsof Newton's Second Law · Work-Energy Integral of Newton's Second Law · Conclusion13 Dynamics of Rigid Bodies: Kinematics and Kinetics A. A. Zeid and R. R. BeckKinematics of Rigid Bodies · Kinetics of Rigid Bodies14 Free Vibration, Natural Frequencies, and Mode Shapes D. A. MendelsohnBasic Principles · Single-Degree-of-Freedom Systems · Multiple-Degree-of-Freedom Systems · ContinuousSystems (Infinite DOF)15 Forced Vibrations A. W. LeissaSingle-Degree-of-Freedom Systems · Multiple-Degree-of-Freedom Systems16 Lumped versus Distributed Parameter Systems B. A. Ovunc

Procedure of Analysis · Continuous Mass Matrix Method · Consistent Mass Matrix Method · Lumped MassMatrix Method · Free Vibration of Frames · Forced Vibration · Practical Applications · Structures withoutAdditional Effects · Structures with Additional Effects17 Applications of Structural and Dynamic Principles A. J. KalinowskiBase Configuration Loaded Applications · Structural Configuration Loaded Applications · AdditionalInformation18 Computer Simulation and Nomographs D. J. InmanNomograph Fundamentals · Models for Numerical Simulation · Numerical Integration · VibrationResponse by Computer Simulation · Commercial Software for Simulation19 Test Equipment and Measuring Instruments T. W. BairdVibration and Shock Test Machines · Transducers and Signal Conditioners · Digital Instrumentation andComputer ControlSECTION IV Kinematics and MechanismsIntroduction Bahram Ravani20 Linkages and Cams J. M. McCarthy and G. L. LongLinkages · Spatial Linkages · Displacement Analysis · Cam Design · Classification of Cams and Followers· Displacement Diagrams21 Tribology: Friction, Wear, and Lubrication B. BhushanHistory of Tribology and Its Significance to Industry · Origins and Significance of Micro/nanotribology ·Friction · Wear · Lubrication · Micro/nanotribology22 Machine Elements G. R. PennockThreaded Fasteners · Clutches and Brakes23 Crankshaft Journal Bearings P. K. SubramanyanRole of the Journal Bearings in the Internal Combustion Engine · Construction of Modern Journal Bearings· The Function of the Different Material Layers in Crankshaft Journal Bearings · The Bearing Materials ·Basics of Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing Theory · The Bearing Assembly · The Design Aspects of JournalBearings · Derivations of the Reynolds and Harrison Equations for Oil Film Pressure24 Fluid Sealing in Machines, Mechanical Devices, and Apparatus A. O. LebeckFundamentals of Sealing · Static Seals · Dynamic Seals · Gasket Practice · O-Ring Practice · MechanicalFace Seal PracticeSECTION V StructuresIntroduction Jack McCormac25 Loads P. GergelyDead Loads · Live Loads · Impact Loads · Snow Loads26 Wind Effects T. A. Reinhold and B. L. SillWind Climate · Local Wind Exposure · Mean Wind Speed Profile · Turbulence · Pressure Coefficients andLoad Factors27 Earthquake Effects M. K. Ravindra and J. G. Shipp

Why Do Earthquakes Occur? · Characteristics of Earthquakes · Damage Mechanisms · Seismic HazardAnalysis · Earthquake Damage Surveys · Earthquake-Resistant Design28 Structural Analysis R. G. Sexsmith and T. M. CigicBeams · Trusses · Frames · Computer-Aided Analysis29 Structural Steel W. T. SeguiMembers · Connections · Composite Members · Computer Applications30 Concrete E. G. NawyStructural Concrete · Flexural Design of Reinforced Concrete Members · Shear and Torsion Design ofReinforced Concrete Members · Prestressed Concrete · Serviceability Checks · Computer Applications forConcrete Structures31 Timber D. E. BreyerDurability of Wood · Wood Products · Member Design · Connections · Lateral Force Design32 Masonry Design J. E. AmrheinBasis of Design · Masonry Materials · Masonry Units · Concrete Masonry · Mortar · Grout · UnreinforcedMasonry · Strength of Masonry · Design of Reinforced Masonry Members · Design of StructuralMembers-Strength DesignSECTION VI Fluid MechanicsIntroduction Frank Kreith33 Incompressible Fluids A. T. Mc DonaldFundamentals of Incompressible Fluid Flow · Fluids without Relative Motion · Basic Equations in IntegralForm for Control Volumes · Differential Analysis of Fluid Motion · Incompressible Inviscid Flow ·Dimensional Analysis and Similitude · Internal Incompressible Viscous Flow · External IncompressibleViscous Flow34 Compressible Fluids J. D. HoffmanGeneral Features · Basic Equations · Steady Quasi-One-Dimensional Flow · Equations of State andThermodynamics · Stagnation Properties · Isentropic Flow · Nozzles · Shock Waves · Friction and HeatTransfer35 The Rheology of Non-Newtonian Fluids D. DoraiswamyKinematics, Flow Classification, and Material Functions · Fluids · Constitutive Equations · Some UsefulCorrelations for Material Functions36 Airfoils/Wings B. R. Munson and D. J. CroninNomenclature · Airfoil Shapes · Lift and Drag Characteristics for Airfoils · Lift and Drag of Wings37 Boundary Layers E. R. Braun and P.-l. WangTheoretical Boundary Layers · Reynolds Similarity in Test Data · Friction in Pipes · Noncircular Channel ·Example Solutions38 Valves J. P. TullisControl Valves · Air Valves · Check Valves

39 Pumps and Fans R. F. BoehmPumps · Fans40 Two-Phase Flow R. T. Lahey, Jr.Notation · Conservation Equations · Closure · Two-Phase Instabilities · Conclusion41 Basic Mixing Principles for Various Types of Fluid Mixing Applications J. Y. OldshueScaleup/Scaledown · Effect of the Circulation Time Spectrum and the Spectrum of Shear Rates on TenDifferent Mixing Technologies · Computational Fluid Dynamics42 Fluid Measurements S. A. SherifFundamental Principles · Basic EquationsSECTION VII Thermodynamics and Heat TransferIntroduction Frank Kreith43 The First Law of Thermodynamics R. E. SonntagSystem Analysis · Control Volume Analysis44 Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy N. LiorReversibility · Entropy · The Second Law for Bulk Flow · Applications45 The Thermodynamics of Solutions S. I. Sandler and H. OrbeyFundamentals · Applications46 Thermodynamics of Surfaces W. B. KrantzBasic Concepts · First Law of Thermodynamics · Effects of Curved Interfaces · Adsorption at Interfaces ·Wettability and Adhesion47 Phase Equilibrium B. G. KylePure-Component Phase Equilibrium · Phase Equilibrium in Mixtures · Perspective48 Thermodynamic Cycles W. J. CookPower Cycles · Refrigeration Cycles49 Heat Transfer Y. Bayazitoglu and U. B. SathuvalliConduction · Convection · Radiation · Phase Change50 Heat Exchangers M. M. OhadiHeat Exchanger Types · Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers · Compact Heat Exchangers · Design of HeatExchangers51 Combustion R. S. HecklingerFundamentals of Combustion · Combustion Calculations52 Air Conditioning V. W. Goldschmidt and C. J. WahlbergHistorical Sketch · Comfort · Air Conditioning Process · Representative Cycles53 Refrigeration and Cryogenics R. F. BarronDesiccant Cooling · Heat Pumps · Cryogenics54 Heat Transfer to Non-Newtonian Fluids E. F. MatthysThe Fluids · Friction · Heat Transfer · Instrumentation and Equipment55 Heat Pipes L. W. SwansonHeat Pipe Container, Working Fluid, and Wick Structures · Heat Transfer Limitations · Effective ThermalConductivity and Heat Pipe Temperature Difference · Application of Heat PipesSECTION VIII Separation ProcessesIntroduction Klaus Timmerhaus56 Distillation J. R. FairSeparation Specification · Required Basic Data · Index of Separation Difficulty · Required Stages ·Column Dimensions · Column Auxiliaries · Batch Distillation

57 Absorption and Stripping W. M. Edwards and J. R. FairAbsorber-Stripper Systems · Absorber-Stripper Design Diagrams · Key Design Assumptions · PhysicalData Requirements · Absorber and Stripper Design Equations · Absorption and Stripping Efficiency58 Extraction V. Van BruntRepresentative Extraction Processes · Solvent Characteristics and Solvent Screening · ExtractionEquilibria · Extraction Staging and Equipment59 Adsorption S. SircarAdsorbent Materials · Adsorption Equilibria · Heat of Adsorption · Thermodynamic Selectivity ofAdsorption · Adsorption Kinetics · Adsorption Column Dynamics · Adsorptive Separation Processes andDesign60 Crystallization and Evaporation R. C. BennettMethods of Creating Supersaturation · Reasons for the Use of Crystallization · Solubility Relations ·Product Characteristics · Impurities Influencing the Product · Kinds of Crystallization Processes ·Calculation of Yield in a Crystallization Process · Mathematical Models of Continuous Crystallization ·Equipment Designs · Evaporation61 Membrane Separation D. G. Woods, D. R. B. Walker, and W. J. KorosDialysis · Reverse Osmosis · Gas and Vapor Separations · Asymmetric Membranes · Membrane Stabilityand Fouling · Module Design Considerations62 Fluid-Particle Separation S.-H. Chiang and D. HeEquipment · Fundamental Concept · Design Principles · Economics63 Other Separation Processes W. C. Corder and S. P. HansonSublimation · Diffusional Separations · Adsorptive Bubble Separation · Dielectrophoresis · ElectrodialysisSECTION IX Fuels and Energy ConversionIntroduction Frank Kreith64 Fuels S. M. A. MoustafaCoal · Oil · Natural Gas · Important Products of Crude Oil Refining65 Solar Power Systems J. M. Chavez, E. M. Richards, and A. Van ArsdallSolar Thermal Systems · Photovoltaic Systems · Biomass Systems66 Internal Combustion Engines A. A. KornhauserBasics of Operation · Engine Classifications · Spark Ignition Engines · Compression Ignition Engines ·Gas Exchange Systems · Design Details · Design and Performance Data for Typical Engines67 Gas Turbines L. S. Langston and G. Opdyke, Jr.Gas Turbine Usage · Gas Turbine Cycles · Gas Turbine Components68 Nuclear Power Systems D. M. WoodallNuclear Power Applications · Nuclear Power Fundamentals · Economics of Nuclear Power Systems69 Power Plants M. M. El-WakilThe Rankine Cycle · The Turbine · The Condenser · The Condenser Cooling System · The Feedwater

System · The Steam Generator · Cycle and Plant Efficiencies and Heat Rates70 Wind Turbines A. Swift and E. MorozFundamentals · Power Regulation and Control · Energy Capture Estimation · Stand-Alone Applications ·Cost of Energy Calculations · Environmental and Social Cost Issues · Summary71 Hydraulic Turbines R. E. A. ArndtGeneral Description · Principles of Operation · Factors Involved in Selecting a Turbine72 Steam Turbines G. Shibayama and R. D. FranceschinisTypes of Steam Turbines · Impulse versus Reaction Turbines · Thermodynamics · Stop and ControlValves · Water Induction Protection · Generators · Turbine Generator Auxiliaries73 Cogeneration D. H. CookeCogeneration Fundamentals · Examples of Cogeneration74 Electric Machines E. K. StanekInduction Machines · Synchronous Machines · DC MachinesSECTION X Kinetics and Reaction EngineeringIntroduction John L. Falconer75 Reaction Kinetics K. H. LinFundamentals · Analysis of Kinetic Data76 Chemical Reaction Engineering H. S. FoglerThe Algorithm · Pressure Drop in Reactors · Multiple Reactions · Heat Effects · Summary77 The Scaleup of Chemical Reaction Systems from Laboratory to Plant J. B. CropleyGeneral Considerations in the Rational Design of Chemical Reactors · Protocol for the Rational Design ofChemical ReactorsSECTION XI GeotechnicalIntroduction Milton E. Harr78 Soil Mechanics B. M. DasWeight-Volume Relationship Hydraulic Conductivity Effective Stress Consolidation Shear StrengthSECTION XII TransportationIntroduction Kumares C. Sinha79 Transportation Planning M. D. MeyerBasic Framework of Transportation Planning · Transportation Modeling80 Design of Transportation Facilities J. Leonard II and M. D. MeyerComponents of the Project Development Process · Basic Concepts of Project Design · IntermodalTransportation Terminals or Transfer Facilities · Advanced Technology Projects81 Operations and Environmental Impacts P. W. Shuldiner and K. B. BlackFundamental Equations · Flow, Speed, and Density Relationships · Traffic Measurements · Level ofService (LOS) · Highway Capacity · Intersection Capacity · Traffic Control Devices · Stop Sign Warrants· Traffic Signal Warrants · Air Quality Effects82 Transportation Systems P. SchonfeldTransportation System Components · Evaluation Measures · Air Transportation · Railroad Transportation ·Highway Transportation · Water Transportation · Public Transportation83 Safety Analysis T. B. KhalilMathematical Models · Summary

SECTION XIII Ocean and Coastal EngineeringIntroduction William L. Wood84 Shallow Water and Deep Water Engineering J. B. HerbichWave Phenomena · Sediment Processes · Beach Profile · Longshore Sediment Transport · CoastalStructures · Navigational Channels · Marine Foundations · Oil Spills · Offshore StructuresSECTION XIV Environmental Systems and ManagementIntroduction Robert B. Jacko85 Drinking Water Treatment A. Amirtharajah and S. C. JonesWater Quality · Drinking Water Regulations · Water Treatment Processes86 Air Pollution F. C. Alley and C. D. CooperControl of Particulate Matter · Control of Gaseous Pollutants87 Wastewater Treatment and Disposal H. S. PeavyWastewater Characteristics · Terminology in Wastewater Treatment · Sludge Advanced WastewaterTreatment · Wastewater Disposal and Reuse · Future of Wastewater Treatment and Reuse88 Solid Wastes R. E. McKinneyRegulations · Characteristics · Generation · Collection · Transfer and Transport · Processing and ResourceRecovery (Recycling) · Final Disposal89 Hazardous Waste Management H. M. Cota and D. WallensteinRegulatory Overview · Definition of Hazardous · Waste Management of Hazardous Wastes · HazardousWaste Treatment · Infectious Waste Management · Radioactive Waste Management · Mixed Wastes ·Corrective Action Waste Minimization · Right-to-Know Laws · Computer Usage in Hazardous WasteManagement90 Soil Remediation B. M. Kim and A. P. ShapiroRegulations · Treatment · Technologies · Landfilling and Containment · Soil Vapor Extraction · ThermalTreatments · Stabilization · Bioremediation · Soil Washing · Emerging TechnologiesSECTION XV Water Resources EngineeringIntroduction Jacques W. Delleur91 Hydraulics B. HauserFlow Characteristics · Equation of Continuity · Pressure Characteristics · Effects of Pressure¾DynamicSystems · Pressure Loss · Open Channel Flow · Flow Measurement · Centrifugal Pump92 Hydrology V. P. SinghClassification of Hydrology · Hydrologic Cycle · Laws of Science · Approaches to Hydrologic Problems ·Tools for Hydrologic Analyses · Components of Hydrology Cycle¾Deterministic Hydrology · StatisticalHydrology · Hydrologic Design93 Sedimentation E. V. RichardsonFluvial Geomorphology · Sediment Properties · Beginning of Motion · Sediment Yield · Bed Forms ·Sediment Transport · Reservoir SedimentationSECTION XVI Linear Systems and ModelsIntroduction Rodger E. Ziemer

94 Transfer Functions and Laplace Transforms C. N. DornyTransfer Functions · The Laplace Transformation · Transform Properties · Transformation and Solution ofa System Equation95 Block Diagrams A. P. SageElements of the Block Diagram · Block Diagram Reduction · Summary96 Signal Flow Analysis A. D. KrausThe Signal Flow Graph · Transmission Gain · Signal Flow Graph Algebra · The Mason Gain Rule97 Linear State-Space Models B. D. Schimel and W. J. GranthamState-Space Models · Linearization · Linear System Representations · Transforming SystemRepresentations98 Frequency Response P. Neudorfer and P. GehlenFrequency Response Plotting · A Comparison of Methods99 Convolution Integral R. E. ZiemerFundamentals · Properties of the Convolution Operation · Applications of the Convolution Integral ·Two-Dimensional Convolution · Time-Varying System Analysis100 Stability Analysis R. T. StefaniResponse Components · Internal (Asymptotic) and External (BIBO) Stability · Unstable and MarginallyStable Responses · Structural Integrity101 z Transform and Digital Systems R. JohanssonThe z Transform · Digital Systems and Discretized Data · The Transfer Function · Digital SystemsDescribed by Difference Equations (ARMAX Models) · Prediction and Reconstruction · The Kalman FilterSECTION XVII CircuitsIntroduction Wai-Kai ChenUniversity of Illinois, Chicago102 Passive Components H. DomingosResistors · Capacitors · Inductors103 RL, RC, and RLC Circuits M. D. CilettiRL Circuits · RC Circuits · RLC Circuits104 Node Equations and Mesh Equations J. A. SvobodaNode Equations · Mesh Equations105 Sinusoidal Excitation and Phasors M. H. RashidSinusoidal Source · Phasor · Passive Circuit Elements in Phasors Domain106 Three-Phase Circuits N. BalabanianRelationships between Voltages and Currents · Line Voltages · Power Relationship · Balanced Source andBalanced Load · Other Types of Interconnections107 Filters (Passive) A. J. RosaFundamentals · Applications108 Power Distribution R. Broadwater, A. Sargent, and R. E. LeeEquipment · System Divisions and Types · Electrical Analysis, Planning, and Design · System Control ·Operations109 Grounding and Shielding W. G. DuffGrounding · Shielding

SECTION XVIII ElectronicsIntroduction Thomas N. Jackson110 Operational Amplifiers P. J. HurstThe Ideal Op Amp · Feedback Circuit Analysis · Input and Output Impedances · Practical Limitations andConsiderations111 Active RC Filters M. A. SoderstrandHistory of Active Filters · Active Filter Design Techniques · Filter Specifications and Approximations ·Filter Design112 Diodes and Transistors S. SoclofSemiconductors · Bipolar Junction Transistors · Junction Field-Effect Transistors · Metal-Oxide SiliconField-Effect Transistors113 Analog Integrated Circuits S. SoclofOperational Amplifiers · Voltage Comparators · Voltage Regulators · Power Amplifiers · Wide-Bandwidth(Video) Amplifiers · Modulators, Demodulators, and Phase Detectors · Voltage-Controlled Oscillators ·Waveform Generators · Phase-Locked Loops · Digital-to-Analog and Analog-to-Digital Converters ·Radio-Frequency Amplifiers · Integrated Circuit Transducers114 Optoelectronic Devices P. BhattacharyaLight-Emitting Diodes · Lasers · Photodetectors · Conclusion115 Power Electronics K. S. RajashekaraPower Semiconductor Devices · Power Conversion116 A/D and D/A Converters J. C. HamannThe Fundamentals of D/A Converters · The Fundamentals of A/D Converters117 Superconductivity K. A. Delin and T. P. OrlandoIntroduction · General Electromagnetic Properties · Superconducting Electronics · Types ofSuperconductorsSECTION XIX Digital SystemsIntroduction Vojin G. Oklobdzija118 Logic Devices R. S. SandigeAND Gates · OR Gates · INVERTER Circuit · NAND Gates · NOR Gates119 Counters and State Machines (Sequencers) B. WilkinsonBinary Counters · Arbitrary Code Counters · Counter Design · State Machines · State Diagrams · StateDiagrams Using Transition Expressions120 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers F. J. HillDigital Hardware Systems · Processors · Assembly Language · Some Real Microprocessors andMicrocontrollers121 Memory Systems R. S. SandigeCPU, Memory, and I/O Interface Connections · CPU Memory Systems Overview · Common and SeparateI/O Data Buses · Single-Port RAM Devices · Additional Types of Memory Devices · Design Examples122 Computer-Aided Design and Simulation M. D. Ciletti

Design Flow · Schematic Entry · Hardware Description Languages · Trade-offs between HDLs andSchematic Entry · HDLs and Synthesis · Transistor-Level Design and Simulation123 Logic Analyzers S. Mourad and M. S. HaydtNature of Digital Signals · Signal Sampling · Timing Analysis · State Analysis · Components of a LogicAnalyzer · Advanced Features of Logic Analyzers · Applications of Logic AnalyzersSECTION XX Communications and Signal ProcessingIntroduction H. Vincent Poor124 Transforms and Fast Algorithms A. D. PoularikasFourier Transforms · Walsh-Hadamard Transform125 Digital Filters B. W. Bomar and L. M. SmithFinite Impulse Response Filter Design · Infinite Impulse Response Filter Design · Digital FilterImplementation126 Modulation and Detection H. V. PoorAnalog Modulation and Detection · Digital Modulation and Detection · Further Issues127 Coding S. L. Miller and L. W. Couch IIBlock Codes · Convolutional Codes · Trellis-Coded Modulation128 Computer Communication Networks J. N. DaigleGeneral Networking Concepts · Computer Communication Network Architecture · Local-Area Networksand Internets · Some Additional Recent Developments129 Satellites and Aerospace S. W. Fordyce and W. W. WuCommunications Satellite Services and Frequency Allocation · Information Transfer and LinkMargins¾Ground to Space (Up-Link) · Communication Satellite Orbits · Launch Vehicles · SpacecraftDesign · Propagation · Earth Stations130 Mobile and Cellular Radio Communications T. S. Rappaport, R. Muhamed, M. Buehrer,and A. DoradlaPaging Systems · Cordless Telephone Systems · Cellular Telephone Systems · Personal CommunicationsSystem (PCS) · The Cellular Concept and System Fundamentals · System Capacity and Performance ofCellular Systems · Mobile Radio Systems Around the World131 Optical Communications J. C. PalaisOptical Communications Systems · Topologies · Fibers · Other Components · Signal QualitySECTION XXI ComputersIntroduction Vojin G. Oklobdzija132 Computer Organization: Architecture V. G. OklobdzijaInstruction Set · RISC Architecture133 Operating Systems L.-F. CabreraTypical Services · General Flow of Control · Structure · Communication · Advanced Data ManagementServices134 Programming Languages D. M. VolpanoPrinciples of Programming Languages · Program Verification · Programming Language Paradigms135 Input/Output Devices R. FreitasInput/Output Subsystem · I/O Devices

136 Memory and Mass Storage Systems P. M. ChenAspects of Storage Devices · Types of Storage Devices · Storage OrganizationSECTION XXII Measurement and InstrumentationIntroduction Wolf W. von Maltzahn137 Sensors and Transducers R. L. SmithPhysical Sensors · Chemical Sensors · Biosensors · Microsensors138 Measurement Errors and Accuracy S. J. HarrisonMeasurement Errors, Accuracy, and Precision · Estimating Measurement Uncertainty · Propagation ofMeasurement Uncertainty · Uncertainty Analysis in Experimental Design139 Signal Conditioning S. A. DyerLinear Operations · Nonlinear Operations140 Telemetry S. HoranTelemetry Systems · Frame Telemetry · Packet Telemetry141 Recording Instruments W. OwensTypes of Recording Instruments · Methods of Data Recording · Future Directions: Distributed DataAcquisition and Recording142 Bioinstrumentation W. W. von Maltzahn and K. Meyer-WaardenBasic Bioinstrumentation Systems · Applications and Examples · SummarySECTION XXIII SurveyingIntroduction Jack McCormac143 Quality Control B. H. W. van GelderErrors · Precision · Law of Propagation of Errors · Statistical Testing · Accuracy · Reliability · Actuality144 Elevation S. D. JohnsonMeasures of Elevation and Height · Deflection of the Vertical · Vertical Datums · Elevation Measurement ·Systematic Errors145 Distance Measurements R. B. BucknerFundamentals of Distance Measurement · Applications and Calculations146 Directions B. A. DewittAngles · Meridians · Direction · Back Bearing and Back Azimuth · Applications147 Photogrammetry and Topographic Mapping J. BethelBasic Concepts · Orientation and Model Setup · Data Collection for Topography · Data Processing forTopography · Data Presentation148 Surveying Computations B. H. W. van GelderPrinciples of Multivariate Calculus · Principles of Linear Algebra · Model of Two Sets of Variables,Observations, and Parameters: The Mixed Model · Observations as a Function of Parameters Only: TheModel of Observation Equations · All Parameters Eliminated: The Model of Condition Equations · AnExample: Traversing · Dynamical Systems149 Satellite Surveying B. H. W. van GelderA Satellite Orbiting the Earth · The Orbital Ellipse · Relationship between Cartesian and Keplerian OrbitalElements · Orbit of a Satellite in a Noncentral Force Field · The Global Positioning System (GPS) · Gravity

Field and Related Issues150 Surveying Applications for Geographic Information Systems J. F. ThompsonGIS Fundamentals · Monumentation or Control Surveying · Topographic Surveying · Future GIS SurveyingApplications151 Remote Sensing R. W. Kiefer and T. M. LillesandElectromagnetic Energy · Atmospheric Effects · Remote Sensing Systems · Remote Sensing from EarthOrbit · Digital Image ProcessingSECTION XXIV Control SystemsIntroduction Francis H. Raven152 Feedback W. L. BroganCharacteristics of a Feedback Control System • Fundamentals of Feedback for Time-invariantLinear Systems • Illustrative Applications • Feedback in Nonlinear Systems • Summary of theTypical Steps in the Design of Feedback Systems153 Root Locus W. L. BroganThe Root Locus Concept • Root Locus Details • Generation of Root Locus Plots • Examples •Summary and Conclusions154 Nyquist Criterion and Stability N. S. NiseConcept and Definition of Frequency Response • Plotting Frequency Response • Stability •Nyquist Criterion for Stability • Gain Design for Stability via the Nyquist Criterion • Stabilityvia Separate Magnitude and Phase Plots (Bode Plots)155 System Compensation F. H. RavenCorrelation between Transient and Frequency Response • Determining K to Yield a Desired 0 SGain Margin and Phase Margin • Series Compensation • Internal Feedback • Compensation onthe S Plane156 Process Control T. E. MarlinControl Performance and Design Decisions157 Digital Control R. G. JacquotFeedback Control • Digital Control • Microcontroller Architecture • Linear Digital Control •Digital Control Stability Analysis and Design • Computer-Aided Design158 Robots and Control R. G. Bonitz and T. C. HsiaIndependent Joint Control • Method of Computed Torque • Cartesian-Space Control159 State Variable Feedback T. L. VincentLinear State Space Control Systems • Controllability and Observability • Eigenvalue Placement• Observer DesignSECTION XXV ManufacturingIntroduction Frank Kreith160 Types of Manufacturing R. J. SchonbergerJob-Shop and Batch Production · Mass Production · Continuous Production · Mixtures and Gray Areas ·Capital Investment, Automation, Advanced Technology, Skills, and Layout161 Quality M. P. Stephens and J. F. KmecMeasurement · Statistical Quality Control · Tolerances and Capability162 Flexible Manufacturing A. Kusiak and C.-X. FengFlexible Machining · Flexible Assembly · The Economic Justification of Flexibility163 Management and Scheduling E. M. Knod, Jr.

Management: Definition and Innovations · Scheduling164 Design, Modeling, and Prototyping W. L. Chapman and A. T. BahillThe System Design Process · Rapid Prototyping · When to Use Modeling and Prototyping165 Materials Processing and Manufacturing Methods S. H. RisbudProcessing Metals and Alloys · Ceramics, Glasses, and Polymers · Joining of Materials166 Machine Tools and Processes Y. C. ShinEconomic Impact · Types of Machine Tools · Control of Machine Tools · Machine Tool Accuracy167 Human Factors and Ergonomics W. Karwowski and B. JamaldinThe Concept of Human-Machine Systems · Ergonomics in Industry · The Role of Ergonomics in Preventionof Occupational Musculoskeletal Injury · Fitting the Work Environment to the Workers168 Pressure and Vacuum P. Biltoft, C. Borzileri, D. Holten, and M. TrainiPressure · The Vacuum Environment169 Food Engineering R. P. SinghLiquid Transport Systems · Heat Transfer170 Agricultural Engineering D. J.t HillsEquipment Sizing Criteria · Equipment Selection171 System Reliability R. RamakumarCatastrophic Failure Models · The Bathtub Curve · Mean Time to Failure · Average Failure Rate · APosteriori Failure Probability · Units for Failure Rates · Application of the Binomial Distribution ·Application of the Poisson Distribution · The Exponential Distribution · The Weibull Distribution ·Combinatorial Aspects · Modeling Maintenance · Markov Models · Binary Model for a ReparableComponent · Two Dissimilar Reparable Components · Two Identical Reparable Components · Frequencyand Duration Techniques · Applications of Markov Process · Some Useful ApproximationsSECTION XXVI Aeronautical and AerospaceIntroduction Cary R. Spitzer172 Aerodynamics J. F. DonovanBackground · Flow about a Body · Two-Dimensional Airfoils · Finite Wing Effects · Effects ofCompressibility173 Stability and Turbulence R. A. HessDescriptions of Atmospheric Movement · Turbulence and Aircraft Dynamics · An Example · OtherApplications174 Computational Fluid Dynamics R. K. AgarwalGeometry Modeling and Grid Generation · Flow Simulation Algorithms · Turbulence Modeling · FlowSimulation Examples · Future Directions and Challenges175 Aerospace Materials R. R. JuneSystem Requirements and Materials Selection · Design Considerations · Nonstructural Materials · TheFuture176 Propulsion Systems J. C. Monk

Performance Characteristics · Liquid Rocket Engine Cycles · Major Components · System PreliminaryDesign Process · Conclusion177 Aircraft Performance and Design F. J. HaleAircraft Forces and Subsystems · Level Flight · Climbing Flight · Turning Flight178 Spacecraft and Mission Design W. T. FowlerSpacecraft Environments · Fundamental Principles · Spacecraft/Mission Categories · SpacecraftSubsystems · Spacecraft/Mission Design ProcessSECTION XXVII SafetyIntroduction A. Keith Furr179 Hazard Identification and Control M. RahimiHazard Identification Physical Hazards Chemical Hazards Airborne Contaminants Noise Fire Hazards AnEngineering Approach to Hazard Control Hazard Analysis and Quantification180 Regulations and Standards A. K. FurrEngineering Practices SummarySECTION XXVIII Engineering Economics and ManagementIntroduction Tung Au181 Present Worth Analysis W. D. ShortCalculation · Application · Other Considerations182 Project Analysis Using Rate-of-Return Criteria R. G. BeavesNet Present Value · Internal Rate of Return · Overall Rate of Return · Project Investment Base ·Scale-Adjusted ORR · Project Life Differences · Conclusion183 Project Selection from Alternatives C. Hendrickson and S. McNeilProblem Statement for Project Selection · Steps in Carrying Out Project Selection · Selection Criteria ·Applications · Conclusion184 Depreciation and Corporate Taxes T. AuDepreciation as Tax Deduction · Tax Laws and Tax Planning · Decision Criteria for Project Selection ·Inflation Consideration · After-Tax Cash Flows · Evaluation of After-Tax Cash Flows · Effects of VariousFactors185 Financing and Leasing C. FazziDebt Financing · Equity Financing · Leasing186 Risk Assessment R. T. RueggExpected Value (EV) Analysis · Mean-Variance Criterion (MVC) and Coefficient of Variation (CV) ·Risk-Adjusted Discount Rate (RADR) Technique · Certainty Equivalent (CE) Technique · SimulationTechnique · Decision Analysis187 Sensitivity Analysis H. E. MarshallSensitivity Analysis Applications · Advantages and Disadvantages188 Life-Cycle Costing W. J. Fabrycky and B. S. BlanchardThe Life-Cycle Costing Situation · Cost Generated over the Life Cycle · The Cost Breakdown Structure ·Life-Cycle Cost Analysis · Cost Treatment over the Life Cycle · Summary189 Project Evaluation and Selection H. J. Thamhain

Quantitative Approaches to Project Evaluation and Selection · Qualitative Approaches to Pro-jectEvaluation and Selection · Recommendations for Effective Project Evaluation and Selection190 Critical Path Method J. L. RichardsPlanning the Project · Scheduling the Project · Controlling the Project · Modifying the Project Schedule ·Project Management Using CPM191 Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks, and Licenses P. A. Beck and C. I. BordasPatents · Copyrights · Trademarks · LicensesSECTION XXIX Materials EngineeringIntroduction James F. Shackelford192 Properties of Solids J. F. ShackelfordStructure · Composition · Physical Properties · Mechanical Properties · Thermal Properties · ChemicalProperties · Electrical and Optical Properties193 Failure Analysis J. F. ShackelfordTypes of Failures · Failure Analysis Methodology · Fracture Mechanics · Nondestructive Testing ·Engineering Design for Failure Prevention194 Liquids and Gases B. E. PolingViscosity · Thermal Conductivity · Heat Capacity · Vapor Pressure195 Biomaterials R. B. MartinHistory · Problems Associated with Implanted Devices · Immunology and Biocompatibility · CommonlyUsed Implant Materials · Metals · Polymers · Ceramics · Carbon MaterialsSECTION XXX MathematicsIntroduction William F. Ames196 General MathematicsTrigonometry · Series · Differential Calculus · Integral Calculus · Special Functions197 Linear Algebra Matrices G. CainBasic Definitions · Algebra of Matrices · Systems of Equations · Vector Spaces · Rank and Nullity ·Orthogonality and Length · Determinants · Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors198 Vector Algebra and Calculus G. CainBasic Definitions · Coordinate Systems · Vector Functions · Gradient, Curl, and Divergence · Integration ·Integral Theorems199 Complex Variables G. CainBasic Definitions and Arithmetic · Complex Functions · Analytic Functions · Integration · Series ·Singularities · Conformal Mapping200 Difference Equations W. F. AmesFirst-Order Equations · Second-Order Equations · Linear Equations with Constant Coefficients ·Generating Function (z Transform)201 Differential Equations W. F. AmesOrdinary Differential Equations · Partial Differential Equations202 Integral Equations W. F. AmesClassification and Notation · Relation to Differential Equations · Methods of Solution203 Approximation Methods W. F. Ames

Perturbation · Iterative Methods204 Integral Transforms W. F. AmesLaplace Transform · Convolution Integral · Fourier Transform · Fourier Cosine Transform205 Chaos, Fractals, and Julia Sets A. DeliuChaos · Fractals · Julia Sets206 Calculus of Variations W. F. AmesThe Euler Equation · The Variation · Constraints207 Probability and Statistics Y. L. TongElementary Probability · Random Sample and Sampling Distributions · Normal Distribution-RelatedSampling Distributions · Confidence Intervals · Testing Statistical Hypotheses · A Numerical Example208 Optimization G. CainLinear Programming · Unconstrained Nonlinear Programming · Constrained Nonlinear Programming209 Numerical Methods W. F. AmesLinear Algebra Equations · Nonlinear Equations in One Variable · General Methods for NonlinearEquations in One Variable · Numerical Solution of Simultaneous Nonlinear Equations · Interpolation andFinite Differences · Numerical Differentiation · Numerical Integration · Numerical Solution of OrdinaryDifferential Equations · Numerical Solution of Integral Equations · Numerical Methods for PartialDifferential Equations · Discrete and Fast Fourier Transform · Software210 Dimensional Analysis W. F. Ames