Final Exam Questions

Define metabolic syndrome and the criteria for diagnosis.

Metabolic Syndrome is a cluster of conditions – excess abdominal fat, abnormal lipid levels, high BP, elevated blood glucose – that occur together and increase risk for coronary heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes

Define and contrast Western medicine with complementary medicine.

What are the characteristics would you like to see in a primary care physician?

When looking for a good doctor you should ask yourself whether or not he/she:

– Is a good listener– Answers questions in terms that are understood– Asks for input– Is conservative in the use of medication– Is interested in overall health– Provides quality patient time

– Makes one feel comfortable talking to him or her

– Is trustworthy

Dimensions of Health

Physical- the functional operation and soundness of the body; How well are you able to perform activities of daily living?

Emotional- associated with the ability to deal with personal feelings in a positive and constructive manner, to cope with stress, and to live independently

Social- the ability to interact effectively with others, to develop satisfying interpersonal relationships, and to fulfill social roles

Intellectual- the ability to question and evaluate information, to think and learn from a variety of experiences and to be open to new ideas.

Spiritual- commitment to a set of values or principles that guide our actions; often based on belief in a greater force

Environmental- the state of the environment and the conditions in which we live; ex: air and water quality, management of harmful wastes etc.

Top Causes of Death

1. Heart Disease2. Cancer3. COPD4. Unintentional Injuries5. Stroke

Dietary Guidelines

Identify and Describe FITT

o Frequency- 5 days a week of moderate; 3 days a week of vigorous

o Intensity- moderate to vigorous

o Time – 30-60 min./day for moderate exercise and 75 min./day for rigorous exercise

o Type- Regular, purposeful, major muscle groups, continuous, rhythmic

BEFAST

Life’s Simple 7

1. Live smoke free.

a. If you smoke quit.

2. Monitor your blood pressure.

a. Keep your numbers below 120/80 mm Hg.

3. Maintain a healthy weight.

a. Target a body mass index (BMI) of less than 25.

4. Watch your cholesterol

a. Strive for a total cholesterol less than 200 mg/dL.

5. Control you blood sugar.

a. Aim for a fasting blood glucose less than 100 mg/dL.

6. Get active.

a. Log 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity- like brisk walking- per week (or 75 minutes of vigorous- intensity activity).

7. Eat a heart-healthy diet.

a. Make vegetables and fruits, whole grains, and fish mealtime staples. Limit sodium, saturated fat, and added sugar.

CAUTION

It is used by the American Cancer Society to detect and recognize the early warning signs of cancer.

Change in bowel or bladder habitso A common sign of colorectal cancer

A sore that does not healo If located on the skin or in the mouth, skin cancer or oral cancer could be the

cause Unusual bleeding or discharge

o Any bleeding from the bladder, vagina or rectum could mean prostate, cervical, or colorectal cancer

Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhereo A lump on the breast can be a sing of cancer. A lump on a testicle can mean

testicular cancer. Indigestion of dysphagia

o Can be symptoms of stomach, throat, esophagus, or mouth cancer. Obvious change in wart or mole

o Most common sign of skin cancer Nagging cough or hoarseness

o A cough that lasts for four weeks or longer can be a symptom of lung and/or throat cancer

ABCDE

Warning signs/what to look out for in skin cancer

Asymmetryo If you draw a line through the middle of the mole, the halves of a melanoma

won’t match in size Border

o The edges of an early melanoma tend to be uneven, crusty, or notched. Color

o Healthy moles are uniform in color. A variety of colors, especially white and/or blue, is bad.

Diametero Melanomas are usually larger in diameter than a pencil eraser, although they can

be smaller. Evolving

o When a mole changes in size, shape, or color, or begins to bleed or scab this point to danger.