PAPER 1: SECTION C: COASTS4. COASTAL DEPOSITION LANDFORMS

USE YOUR COASTS OVERVIEW HOMEWORKWRITE OUT YOUR ANSWERS IN THE BOXES – DON’T BE LAZY AND DRAW LINES/NUMBER BOXES – YOU’LL ONLY

HAVE TO REPEAT THE TASK IN DETENTION.

Coastal depositional landform 1: beachesRead about how a beach that was washed away 33 years earlier suddenly reappeared:https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/07/delight-beach-vanished-33-years-ago-leaving-just-rock-pools/

What kind of wave removes sediment from the beach? CONSTRUCTIVE WAVES

ORDESTRUCTIVE WAVES?

What kind of waves build a beach up? CONSTRUCTIVE WAVES OR

DESTRUCTIVE WAVES?

Look carefully at the diagram and read the information to add these labels to show your understanding of different beaches:

Gentle slope Large shingle and pebbles at Smaller shingle at the bottom 1

the top of the beach of the beachSteeper slope Shingle at the top of the

beachFine sand at the bottom of the beach

Optional task: Read the information below.a) On the summer beach profile diagram, use a different colour to show how you would

expect this profile to look in winter. b) Explain the changes you have made to the original profile.

Coastal depositional landform 2: sand dunesUnscramble the words to explain what a sand dune needs for it to form:

For a sand dune to form, it needs:a) a large FALT beach

2

b) a large supply of SNAD

c) a large tidal range (difference between high and low tide) so sand can dry out which makes it easier to TARNSOPRT the sand up the beach.

d) an onshore WNID so sand can be blown to the back of the beach

e) an obstacle (e.g. driftwood) so SNDA can build up around it.

Add the following labels to explain how sand dunes are formed around an obstacle such as drift wood:

Height builds up until the structure becomes unstable.

Sand continues to move up the windward slope.

Sand then slips down the leeward side.

Use the words in the box below to complete the flow diagram explaining the development of sand dunes.

windy vegetation water sandroots fertile obstacles wood

Embryo dunes form around ________________ such as pieces of _____________ or rocks.

These develop and become stabilised by vegetation to form fore dunes and then tall yellow

3

dunes. Marram grass is adapted to the __________, exposed conditions and has long _________ to find water. These roots help bind the ______________ together and stabilise the dunes.

In time, rotting ______________ adds organic matter to the sand making it more _______________. A much greater range of plants colonise these back or grey dunes.

Wind can form depressions in the sand called dune slacks, in which salty ponds may form if they erode down as far as the ________________ table.

Inland, the dunes become increasingly colonised by vegetation and become mature dunes.

Use the information above to label the diagram below with the names of the dunes:

Coastal depositional landform 3: spits and bars (and tombolos)Add the following labels to the correct place around the diagram below:

LONGSHORE DRIFT moves sand along the coastline.

RIVER CURRENTS wash sediment away so the spit stops moving.

DEPOSITION happens in the sheltered areas BEHIND the spit.

Salt marshes develop in the SHELTERED area behind the spit.

The PREVAILING wind moves waves at an ANGLE to the shore.

The spit HOOKS round because the prevailing wind CHANGES DIRECTION which changes the direction of the waves.

Waves LOSE ENERGY where the COAST CHANGES SHAPE so sediment begins to be DEPOSITED.

4

Choices (from info above):

DUNE SLACKSMATURE DUNESBACK/GREY DUNESEMBRYO DUNESFORE DUNESYELLOW DUNES

Depositional landforms: bars and tombolosTombolo Bar

Description of characteristics (what it looks like)

Description of characteristics (what it looks like)

5

Comparison – remember to use a comparison connective such as BUT/WHEREAS/HOWEVER: What is the difference between the characteristics of a tombolo and a bar?

Explain the formation of a bar by adding these labels to the diagram below of a bar:Direction of longshore drift. Prevailing wind direction.Lagoon (the area of water dammed in by the bar).

Bar (spit grows across a bay and joins up two headlands)

Explain the formation of a tombolo by adding these labels to the diagram below of a tombolo: Direction of longshore drift. Spit grows out from the mainland and joins

onto an island.A change in the shape of the headland leads to the formation of a spit.

Prevailing wind direction.

6

7