PLIT08004 Course Guide 2011- 2012

Course organiser: Dr Wilfried Swendenw.swenden@ed.ac.uk

CMB 3.05, tel 650 4255Office hours: Monday: 11.30-1.30

Course secretary:Mrs Ruth Nicol

CMB G.04/5, tel 650 4457Politics_ir.sso@ed.ac.uk

Office hours: Mon-Fri, 10.00-12.00; 14.00-16.00

University of Edinburgh News and events in Politics/IR: www.pol.ed.ac.uk

Introduction to IPIR 3Course aims, objectives and eligibility 3Course communication 3

Content and Structure of Course 4Overview of Contents 4Structure: Lectures and Tutorials 5

Assessment, Regulations and Deadlines 6Essay Assignment 7Essay submission (paper copy; electronic copy) 7Plagiarism detection and avoidance 8Examination/Assessment feedback/learning difficulties 8

Readings: General Guidance 9Course Textbooks 9Using the Library 9Using the Internet 11

Readings by Topic 12What is Politics? 12What is IR? 13Power and society 14Power and Sovereignty 15The State 17States and Foreign Policy 17Anarchy and Independence 18Globalization 19Morality and IR 20Ideology 22Nationalism 23Sub-state Nationalism 24Elections and Voting 24Political Parties 26Political Activism 27Political Leadership & Executives 28Legislatures & Representation 29

Student Representation 32 Contacts 33 Further Study of Politics 34 Appendices 35

WebCT guide 35Guide to Referencing 36Essay Writing Guidance 38Essay Feedback Form 39Past IPIR Exam Questions 40

Lecture Programme: Overview 41

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Contents

WELCOME TO IPIRThis course is designed to be interesting, exciting and enriching. For best results, please: Read this course guide carefully Ensure that you are PREPARED for every meeting of the course See your tutor if you have difficulties

Course Aims and ObjectivesAimsIntroduction to Politics and International Relations (IPIR) seeks to provide: an introduction to concepts relevant to both Politics and International Relations (IR) an introduction to key institutions of modern states, and current debates surrounding their

operation an examination of states and their place in the international system.

ObjectivesBy the end of IPIR we would expect students to be able to: demonstrate knowledge of key concepts in the study of politics and IR; exhibit comparative knowledge of different political institutions and their theoretical and

practical significance; apply their knowledge to the understanding of contemporary issues and problems in

(especially) contemporary democratic states.

Course EligibilityThere is a quota of 350 students on this course. Students will be admitted in the following order:

1. First year students admitted to a Politics or International Relations degree (Single or Joint) (pre-registered)

2. Visiting Students holding an offer of a place in the course from the College Office; (guaranteed a place)

3. First year students whose main subject is in the School of Social and Political Science (SSPS);(guaranteed a place)

4. First year students whose main subject has a joint degree with Politics (guaranteed a place); 5. Students taking second-year SSPS half-courses; (students must register with the Politics

Undergraduate Office and attend the first lecture)6. First year students taking BSc (Soc Sci) or MA (General – students must register with the

Politics Undergraduate Office and attend the first lecture)7. Other first year students taking Honours degrees in College of Humanities and Social

Science (e.g. English Literature, Linguistics; Psychology; Business Studies – students must register with the Politics Undergraduate Office and attend the first lecture)

Please note: because of the high numbers of students enrolled, this course will not be able to admit students from outside the College of Humanities and Social Science.

Course Communication

This guide should be read in conjunction with the School of Social and Political Science (SPSS) Student Handbook which is distributed to all Year and 1 students in the School and contains important rules and guidance. It is available on line at: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/index

The Course Organiser for IPIR is Dr Wilfried Swenden (w.swenden@ed.ac.uk).

In the first instance, however, it is always best to direct queries related to the course to your own tutor or to the Politics/IR undergraduate office

The Politics/International Relations Undergraduate Office is Room G04/5, Chrystal Macmillan Building (CMB). It is open Mon-Fri, 10.00-12.00; 14.00-16.00. The Politics/IR Secretary is Ruth Nicol. Her phone number is 0131 650 4457 and her email: Ruth.Nicol@ed.ac.uk

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Introduction to IPIR

WebCTThis course will be using a web-based learning environment (WebCT) which you access via the MyEd Portal https://www.myed.ed.ac.uk and which provides easy access to essential course materials (see Appendix 1: Guide to using WebCT). In addition to lecture slides and readings, the WebCT page for this course also functions as a virtual notice board, and a place to access other key course materials. You should check it regularly through the MyEd portal.

Important note: Students will be contacted by the course organiser and/or course secretary by email to their Edinburgh University Account. Check your university email account regularly. You can set the university account to forward mail to other accounts (eg hotmail), but we will NOT email those accounts directly. Contact details for the IPIR teaching team can be found on page 33 of this guide.

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Overview of ContentsThis course aims to do exactly what it says on the tin: introduce Politics and International Relations (IR) as subjects of academic inquiry. It is designed with the needs of students reading for both degrees in Politics and IR in mind. The different emphases and conceptual frameworks of scholarship in these sub-disciplines will be highlighted. But we will also consider where Politics and IR connect and share methods, analytical concerns, and common insights.

The course is principally concerned with what questions: that is, what is Politics? what is IR? But it is also preoccupied with how questions (‘How should we study nationalism?’ ‘How is power dispersed through society?’) and why questions (‘Why don’t more people vote?’ ‘Why is it so difficult to eliminate poverty in the developing world?’).

The course covers most (not all) of the main subjects with which the study of Politics and IR is concerned. The emphasis is on breadth more than depth. Our main focus will be on concepts, such as ‘liberalism’, ‘power’, ‘devolution’, and ‘anarchy’. As such, IPIR is designed to equip you with a conceptual tool-kit that will prove useful to you in your later courses, most of which allow you to focus in more depth on topics of particular interest to you.

The course covers subjects that are living, breathing, and current. Wherever possible, we will strive to incorporate contemporary examples from the ‘real world’ of Politics and IR to illustrate key concepts, themes, and questions. You are encouraged to do the same in your own work for the course.

We do not assume that you have studied these subjects previously (i.e., at Highers or A level). But the course is taught at a University level. In your written assignments (essay plus exam), you are expected to show knowledge of the subject based on your lectures, tutorials, and your own private study of the core course materials (plus, in the case of your essay, materials beyond the required reading).

We expect you to spend at least as much time working (reading and writing) on your own for this course as you spend in the classroom. We expect you to prepare for each and every lecture and tutorial, and never to turn up ‘cold’ to either (that is, in a position where the subject of the session is entirely new and unfamiliar to you).

The course, like the subjects it covers, is thematically rich and diverse. However, the three main themes that run as red threads through the course (and which you are encouraged to reflect upon throughout) are:

The questions we seek to answer are complicated ones. Politics and IR are about resolving conflicts, not eliminating them. The line separating national from international politics is vanishing.

Structure: Lectures and TutorialsLectures:Lectures are held in the George Square Lecture Theatre. There are normally two lectures each week of the semester - Mondays and Thursdays at 15.00 (check the lecture programme on the back page of this handout for details).

If you wish to do well in IPIR, it is essential to integrate what you learn from lectures, reading and tutorials. The lectures are a supplement to, not a substitute for, reading and tutorial participation. You should listen critically to the lectures; they will provide an outline of what the lecturers consider to be important and interesting. You will then have to fill the gaps by reading thoroughly, and by engaging in tutorial discussions.

Lecture topics are summarised in the course guide immediately above the list of required and additional readings. All our lecturers use power point slides during the lecture.

Lecture slides from the lecturer’s power point presentation will be available shortly after each lecture on the WebCT Page.

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Content and Structure of Course

There are good reasons for and against providing slides before the lecture. For this course the teaching team has decided to post the slides immediately after the lecture. A crucial skill at university is note-taking - learning how to listen to what is said and determine what is worth writing down. If notes are provided for students beforehand students will not have the same chance to develop this skill which most students master by the end of Year 1. Note, however, that under our practice no student attending will miss any important lecture information because the slides are provided after the lecture on WebCT. Students with a verified learning disability who may need more lecture information prior to lecture should pay particular attention to the lecture topic summaries provided in the course guide. We have approved this format with the Disability office.

Please note these lecture slide hand-outs are not a substitute for lecture attendance or diligent reading. They are (for the most part) guides to what is important in terms of themes or major debates, and thus what you need to think about for yourself. They are not a source of academic evidence or ‘right answers’. Be careful not to regurgitate handout information verbatim on your exam or essays. Doing so is likely to affect (adversely) your mark. Politics is a subject that cannot be learned by rote!

Tutorials:Tutorials are held once a week during the semester, beginning week 2. The purpose of tutorials is to deepen your knowledge of the material to which you have been introduced in lectures and in your reading. Tutorials encourage you to articulate and develop ideas for yourselves in small group discussion. The tutorials for this course will be led by experienced teachers. Your tutor will provide contact details, further tutorial guidelines and a specific tutorial programme in your first tutorial which meets the second week of the semester.

Important note! Attendance at tutorials is compulsory. Students who attend fewer than 6 out of 9 tutorials in a semester will have their final mark reduced by one percentage point for each unapproved absence above the threshold. Students more than 15 minutes late will be marked as absent. See SSPS Student Handbook for procedures should you need to miss a tutorial: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/on_being_a_student

Tutorial sign on:Tutorials start in Week 2. You are required to sign yourself on to a tutorial group via WebCT. You should do this as soon as possible as tutorials fill up quickly and space is limited. Make sure you register by the end of Week 1 in any event. Information on tutorial sign on via WebCT is included in Appendix 1 on p.35

Assessment WeightingAssessment is made up of: One essay (in both electronic and hard copy format): 40% due Wednesday 26 October 2011, 15.00 (3pm) Degree examination (held between 12-21 Dec 2011): 60%Note there is also an optional, non-assessed assignment, see p.8 and WebCT

Coursework: Regulations and DeadlinesOne piece of assessed written work – an essay – is required in IPIR. It should be a maximum of 1500 words long. Essays that are longer than 1500 words long will lose marks (see the SSPS student handbook).

One hard copy of your essay must be submitted by 15.00 (3pm) on Wednesday 26 October 2011. You must also, and by the same deadline, submit an electronic version via Turnitin on WebCT. Instructions for submission follow below.

Guidance on writing essays and explanations of marks are provided in the SSPS student handbook (see also Appendices 3-5 of this handout). You should also consult a copy of the essay feedback form in this guide which you will receive back with your marked essay (Appendix 4). Review it before handing in your essay to remind yourself of the criteria on which you will be marked.

Essay AssignmentTo note:

Make sure you reference adequately and properly: you will lose points if you do not. See Appendix 2 for guidance.

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Make sure you write clearly and well. See Appendix 3 for guidance. Familiarise yourself with the essay marking criteria. An example of an essay feedback form

is included in Appendix 4 Your essay should not exceed 1500 words (excluding bibliography). Nor should it be

significantly shorter than this length. Be very sure you understand and follow the guidelines on avoiding plagiarism as outlined in

the SSPS Student handbook: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/what_is_plagiarism. Before submitting your essay you will be asked to sign a statement verifying that you have understood and followed these guidelines.

Refer to the SPSS student handbook for guidance on essay submission (and extension requests), essay writing and marking criteria. http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/index

Select one of the following essay questions: 1: Is it possible to be both scientific and normative in the study of politics and international relations? 2. How well does pluralist theory explain the distribution of power in modern society? Refer to at least two contemporary political issues in your answer. 3. Critically examine the view that ‘international relations are dominated by states because only they posses sovereignty’. 4. Which theoretical perspective sheds the most light on international relations in the 21st century. Illustrate your answer with specific examples. 5. Explain how globalization has changed the role of the state?

Submission of Essay (ONE PAPER COPY)Written work must be submitted by 15.00 (3pm) on Wednesday 26 October 2011. Lateness penalties take effect immediately after 15.00 (i.e. an essay submitted at 15:15pm will incur a full day’s lateness penalty).

Penalties for late submission (set by the College of Humanities and Social Sciences): Five marks per working day (i.e. excluding weekends) for up to 5 days Coursework handed in more than 5 days late will receive a zero

The procedure for submitting the essay is as follows: Submit one hard copy of the essay. You must In addition, and by the same deadline, also

submit an electronic version via WebCT (see below) Put only your Exam number on each copy of the essay. DO NOT put your name anywhere on

the essay. Essays are marked anonymously. Complete one Essay Front Coversheet (making sure you complete the Plagiarism Statement

at the bottom of it), and staple coversheet to the essay. Coversheets will be available in the foyer of CMB.

Post the completed essays into the Politics Essay Box which is located outside room G.04/05 of the Chrystal Macmillan Building.

NOTE: All students should pay particular attention when completing the Plagiarism Statement. If it is not completed correctly, coursework will not be marked. Coursework will not be marked if a student has failed to upload an essay to WebCT.

Be sure to consult the SSPS student handbook for rules and further information on coursework submission procedures, marking criteria, plagiarism, penalties for late/over-long essays, as well as information on requesting extensions. See: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/assessment_and_regs

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Submission of essay (electronic copy via Turnitin - Remember that you must hand in both one hard copy and one electronic copy of your essay by 15.00 on Wednesday 26 October 2011.PLEASE NOTE: THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS MAY BE DIFFERENT TO THOSE ON OTHER COURSES

Please follow these instructions to submit the electronic copy of your essay to Turnitin via WebCT:

1. Log in to WebCT via MyEd and click on the course for which you have to submit an essay to Turnitin.

2. Go to the ‘Click here to submit your essay’ link to submit your essay to the Turnitin assignment inbox. You should see a list of the assignments you are expected to submit, along with the due dates.

3. To begin the submission process click on the ‘submit’ icon which is found in the submit column.

4. Your name should be automatically filled in on the form. Type in the submission title as the form cannot be sent unless all the fields are complete.

5. Next, click on the ‘Browse’ button to open your computer’s file browser and use it to browse to the document you wish to submit. Make sure the drop down box at the top of the form still says ‘submit a paper by: file upload’. Before clicking on the ‘submit’ button, make sure that all the fields in the form are complete (if you leave one blank you will receive an error message and the file upload box will be cleared). Click the ‘submit’ button when you are happy you are submitting the correct file.

6. At this point, a plain text version of the essay will be displayed to you (it won’t show any formatting, images, etc.). Review this to ensure you are submitting the correct document (the document itself will be sent to the system in its original format). If you are happy, click on the ‘Submit Paper’ button to submit your assignment. If you have made a mistake you can click on the ‘cancel, go back’ link, which will take you back to the submission form.

7. You’ve now submitted an assignment! A receipt from the system is displayed.

8. Click on the ‘go to portfolio’ link to return to the assignment inbox.

9. On returning to the assignment inbox, you can view your submission to make sure everything is as it should be.

10. Clicking on the title you gave your assignment opens a viewer that displays your submission and also contains the paper ID which can be used by the administrators of the system to identify your work if there is a problem.

11. Clicking on the document icon in the contents column allows you to see your work in its original submitted format.You can also follow this link for more detailed instructions:

http://www.ed.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.22364!fileManager/submitturnitinplwebct.pdf

Please note that late submissions are unlikely to be accepted by the Turnitin system and you should contact the Subject Secretary, Ruth Nicol (ruth.nicol@ed.ac.uk), if you are unable to submit your electronic copy.

Plagiarism detection The School uses the ‘Turnitin’ system to check that essays submitted for first and second-year courses do not contain plagiarised material. Turnitin compares every essay submitted against a constantly-updated database, which highlights all plagiarised work (including previously submitted essays).

It is crucial that you understand what plagiarism is and that you avoid it (that is why we have you sign a form to that effect). Please make sure you read carefully the helpful advice on the School’s webpage: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/what_is_plagiarism.

ExaminationThe exam will last 2 hours. It will take place during the December exam diet (12-21 Dec 2011). Candidates are required to answer two questions from several options divided into two sections. Exam dates are set by Registry. Closer to the exam period the Registry will publish the exact time, date and location of your exam. Here is the Registry’s website: http://www.registry.ed.ac.uk/Examinations/ Note the exam date is set by the university and is non-negotiable; you are advised not to pre-book non-refundable flights or other travel arrangements which may clash with the exam date.

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To pass IPIR students must gain a passing average in their degree examination and a passing average overall. The pass mark for coursework and the examination is 40. For those failing or missing the exam a resit examination is held in late August. It is the student's responsibility to check the resit timetable on the Registry's website [http://www.registry.ed.ac.uk/], find the time and location of the resit exam and ensure they are present for that resit. No formal registration is necessary and students will not be individually notified of the resit date and location.

Last year’s IPIR exam questions are attached to this course guide (Appendix 5), and past exam papers from earlier years can be found via the main library's homepage at http://www.lib.ed.ac.uk. As last year, this year’s exam will consist of two parts (one covering primarily politics topics and one covering international relations topics), and students will be asked to answer one question from each part.

Revision lecture and exam preparationOn Thursday 24 November 2011 a Question/Answer and Revision session will be held during the usual lecture slot. The course organiser, Dr Wilfried Swenden will address in the session substantive questions emailed by students beforehand, go over sample questions, and offer tips on how best to prepare for the exam and perform your best during the exam.

Exam performance and special circumstancesIf you feel you have suffered from special circumstances which have adversely affected your exam or other assessment it is your responsibility to report these special circumstances, including all relevant documentary evidence, to your Director of Studies. Your DoS will then forward them to the IPIR Board of Examiners.

Please note that special circumstances refer to personal circumstances which are clearly beyond the student’s control and for which there is sufficient documentary evidence. They need to be significant, unforeseen, beyond the student’s control, applicable over a specifiable period with evident detrimental effects on student’s assessed work. Examples of such situations are: death of a close relative during or immediately prior to the examination period, or injury or illness that impaired the student’s performance substantially during the examination period. Responsibility for producing the documentary evidence rests with the student.

Special circumstances must be submitted within a week of the affected assessment. Unless you have exceptional reasons for not submitting within this time frame your circumstances can not be considered. For further guidance seehttp://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/humanities-soc-sci/undergraduate-academic-admin/direction-of-studies/special-circumstancesance:

Assessment FeedbackAll students are provided with a mark and a feedback sheet with written comments on their essay (a specialised feedback form is used, see Appendix 4). General exam feedback (on the exam as a whole and on specific questions) is posted on WebCT after the exams have been marked and agreed. You will also have the opportunity to view your exam. More information on feedback and how you can make the most of it is available on School website: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/feedback

Students with learning difficulties Advice, guidance and a range of support materials are available to students with learning difficulties (such as dyslexia). These students should contact – in advance of coursework deadlines – the Disability office for further information. See: http://www.disability-office.ed.ac.uk

Course Textbooks__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 9

Readings: General Guidance

There are TWO required course texts: Andrew Heywood (2007) Politics, 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Chris Brown with Kirsten Ainley (2009) Understanding International Relations, 4th ed Basingstoke: Palgrave

You MUST read assigned chapters from both of these books. Both are available for sale (as a shrink-wrapped ‘package’ at a discount) from Blackwell’s bookshop (53-62 South Bridge, Edinburgh, 0131 622 8222). They and other texts are also available at Word Power bookshop on 43 West Nicholson St. If you choose not to diligently read these books, you are likely to do poorly in this course.

Other recommended TextsThere are some further texts that are recommended for this course – that is, they will prove useful throughout the course and occasionally chapters from them will be listed as ‘required’ or ‘recommended reading’. If you plan to continue studying Politics or IR they will also be useful in subsequent years. Robert Garner, et al (2009) Introduction to Politics (Oxford: OUP) Andrew Heywood (2011), Global Politics (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan) Charles W. Kegley Jr. and Raymond, G. (2010)  The Global Future: A Brief Introduction to World

Politics, International edition, 3rd ed.  Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield and Tim Dunne (2007), eds., Foreign Policy (Oxford: Oxford

University Press) Gerry Stoker (2007), Why Politics Matters (Basingstoke: Palgrave)

Using the LibraryThe reading material for this course is found in books, journals, newspapers and political weeklies, as well as in official publications and internet sites. Almost all of this material is available in the Main University Library in George Square, or through its electronic catalogue (www.lib.ed.ac.uk/lib/).

The library is still undergoing refurbishment, but it is now very accessible. You are also strongly encouraged to make use of the growing amount of material available electronically. For further information click on the ‘Library’ link after logging into EASE (http://www.ease.ed.ac.uk).

Getting help in the LibraryAll first year students should obtain an Information Pack of introductory information on general services available from the Main Library. If you have any queries, e.g., about using the computerised catalogue system, or where to find a journal, do not hesitate to ask the library staff. A list of useful library and information resources for Politics can be found on the library website at: www.lib.ed.ac.uk/lib/resbysub/politics.shtml

BooksThe open shelves on the fourth floor hold short loan (1 week) and long or ‘standard’ loan (6 week) books. Most of these are organised using the Library of Congress. Some relevant Library of Congress classifications are as follows:

J…: Politics; JA..: Ideology and theory; JC. ; Democracy; JF…: Comparative Politics; JN…: European Politics; JX…: International Politics; JZ….:International Relations

A selection of high use material is kept in the Reserve Collection (HUB) on the Ground Floor. These titles are arranged using the Library of Congress classification. Reserve Collection books may be borrowed on 3-hour or overnight loan.

In all cases, it is best to check the library’s website for up-to-date information regarding progress of refurbishment and changes in the main library’s collection: www.lib.ed.ac.uk/lib/news.

If you cannot locate on the catalogue a book listed on our course guide, please notify the course organiser Dr Swenden (w.swenden@ed.ac.uk). NOTE: ‘Missing’ does not mean you cannot find it on the shelf; it means a title is listed on the reading list but is not available in the library. Be sure to give Dr Swenden the precise title of the missing work.

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Academic journalsArticles in periodicals and journals are shorter and often more up-to-date than books. The current serials (most recent journals and newspapers) are current kept on the 3rd floor.

E-journalsSeveral useful journals are ‘e-journals’ which means articles from them can be directly downloaded through the library’s website. Under ‘simple search’, type in the name of the journal and the listing will indicate if the journal is available electronically. Sometimes older issues of journals are available via JSTOR. These are also listed in the library catalogue

Journals available electronically and particularly relevant for this course include: British Journal of Political Science; Comparative Politics; Comparative Political Studies; Democratization; the Economist; Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, Government and Opposition; International Affairs, International Security, Journal of Democracy; Journal of Politics; Parliamentary Affairs; Political Quarterly, Political Studies, Politics, and West European Politics. For reports on specific events or elections, Facts on File and Keesing's Record of World Events are valuable data sources.

Please note that these links require an internet connection and some may require ‘EASE logon’ (to learn more about gaining off-campus access to these resources consult the following website: http://www.lib.ed.ac.uk/resources/shibboleth.html

E-books The library has an expanding collection of books that are available electronically. You are

encouraged to visit the following web-link regularly to look for materials that aid your study in the course (particularly if you are having difficulty getting your hands on other kinds of reading): http://www.lib.ed.ac.uk/resources/collections/ebooks

Several useful e-books may be found either in the ‘netlibrary’ or ‘Oxford Scholarship On-Line’ lists shown at the link above.

E-reserveWe have placed several key readings on e-reserve which means they are available to you electronically through the IPIR WebCT page (not through the library catalogue). These works are clearly indicated on the reading list as ‘e-reserve’ readings. You need only click on the link on WebCT to arrive at the assigned reading.

NewspapersOne of the best ways of keeping abreast of current political developments is by careful reading of newspapers and periodicals. Try to read a quality daily to keep up with how politics and IR evolve on a daily basis. The library also receives several relevant foreign newspapers.

For a weekly review, see the Economist which offers a succinct, readable (if sometimes contentious) weekly account of political and economic developments. The Economist also issues a weekly summary of world events, Politics this Week, accessible at its website (http://www.economist.com) and also distributed by email.

Other libraries: there are several class libraries scattered throughout the University: as a student here you are entitled to use most of them (although you will not always be able to borrow from them). For example, if a book is marked 'Law' then it means it is in the Law Library (Old College) and you can find it there.

Using the InternetIn addition to the websites listed under the topic headings below, you can access many other sites covering various dimensions of general and international politics. Remember: the internet is a wonderful resource when used correctly, a poor research tool when used uncritically.

A word on Wikipedia: there’s nothing wrong with using this source for your own background information but do not use or cite it as an authoritative source. Anyone with internet access can create or edit a Wikipedia entry and these entries do not undergo scholarly review.

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An excellent websource and search engine for students and academics is Intute, funded by the British education and research councils. All material is evaluated and selected by a network of subject specialists to create a tailored database. Please try it: http://www.intute.ac.uk/

Other useful, tailored websites: For general clearinghouse, we suggest you try the database accessible via the home page of the

Political Studies Association - http://www.psa.ac.uk/Content.aspx?ParentID=5 -, which provides links to a wealth of politics resources on the Internet (e.g. on elections, constitutions, etc).

An useful source of IR topics is the virtual International affairs resources: http://www2.etown.edu/vl/

Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources http://www.politicsresources.net/ is also useful, especially for area studies material and links to other sites

Freedom House (www.freedomhouse.org) contains much information from its annual surveys of the state of freedom and democracy in the world.

Newspaper blogs: Some newspapers and journals feature blogs which offer more up to date analysis and reporting. Note, however, these sites have not undergone peer review. For IR themes, check out FP editors’ blog at http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/. For a global forum for debate about current political, economic and foreign policy issues from a pro-democracy perspective, see http://www.opendemocracy.net/about

Going beyond the Reading list (or, take control of your reading!)If you cannot find a particular book or journal, then find and read another. There is so much material of benefit to students in an introductory course on Politics and IR – including material not on the readings lists – that ‘I cannot find the reading material’ is a very poor excuse for doing badly in the course. The reading lists are designed to get you started and set you thinking; they are not definitive. The assigned course textbooks contain useful guides to further reading at the end of every chapter. Moreover, almost every item on the reading list will refer in its footnotes to books and articles of related interest; check some of these references to see whether they are in the library. Remember that there are also an increasing number of sources now available electronically. If you still have difficulty finding the material you need, consult your tutor.

Guide to symbols(e-reserve link) = see WebCT e-reserve link (not library catalogue) for e-copy (e) = (e-journal or e-book ) electronic version available from library catalogue(r) = multiple copies available, including 1 or more on Reserve Hub (3-hour) in the library(sl) = available to borrow for (usually) 1 week Where known library shelf marks are provided in the book listing

Remember also to consult the general websites and resources listed above.

Introduction Lecture 1: 19 Sept (Mon)Dr Wilfried SwendenThis lecture will provide an overview of the course eligibility, learning objectives and content. It will give you an idea of the structure of the course, including lectures and tutorials. You must register for a tutorial on WebCT by Friday 23th September 2011. Tutorials start in week 2. If you fail to register or attend the first tutorial we assume you do no intend on taking the course. If you are having trouble registering for a tutorial please email: politics@ed.ac.uk.

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Readings by Lecture Topic

Required reading:Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics, 3rd ed., Basingstoke: Palgrave, chapter 1

Stoker, Gerry (2007) Why Politics Matters, Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan,pp, 1-15 (e-book)

What is Politics? Lecture 2: 22 Sept (Thur)Prof John Peterson

This lecture introduces Politics both as a social phenomenon and a subject of academic investigation. It focuses centrally on power, and who wields it (and why). Different approaches to the study of politics – including many covered in this course – are introduced. The extreme complexity of the kinds of questions we seek to answer about politics leads to a discussion of whether researching our subject is an ‘art’ or ‘science’, and whether it can be studied objectively. The dilemmas of modern democracy and concepts of ‘government’ and ‘governance’ are defined and presented as crucial to understanding politics in the 21st century.

Further reading: Ball, Alan R. and Peters, B. Guy (2005) Modern Politics and Government, 7th edition,

Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch1, (r) JA66 Bal Caplan, Bryan (2007) The Myth of the Rational Voter: Why Democracies Choose Bad

Policies, Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, (sl) HD87 Cap. Chatterjee, Partha (2004) The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in

Most of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, (r) JQ281 Cha. Crick, Bernard. (1982) In Defence of Politics, Harmondsworth: Penguin, (r) (JC330 Luk) Dahl, Robert A. (2001) How Democratic is the American Constitution?, New Haven, CT: Yale

University Press http://devil.lib.ed.ac.uk:8080/webct/resolver.jsp?sid=library:plus&pid=1068639 (r) KF21 Dah

Hague, Rod and Harrop, Martin. (2010) Comparative Government and Politics: an Introduction, 8th ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, (ch 1 available electronically) (r) JF 51 Hag

Leftwich, Adrian (2004) (ed) What is Politics?: the Activity and its Study , Oxford : Polity, see especially ‘On the Politics of Politics’, pp.1-18 (e-reserve link)

Lindblom, Charles (1982) ‘The Market as Prison’, Journal of Politics, 44 (2), pp. 324-66 (e) Marsh, David and Stoker, Gerry (2010) (eds), Theory and Methods in Political Science, 2nd

edition, Basingstoke: Palgrave/Macmillan, esp ch 1 (r) JA71 Neustadt, Richard E. (1991) Presidential Power: the Politics of Leadership from Roosevelt to

Reagan, London: Free Press (r) JK516Neu Rhodes, R. A. W. (2006) ‘The New Governance: Governing Without Government’, Political

Studies, 44/4, pp.652-67 (e) Sen, Amartya (2005) The Argumentative Indian: Writings on Indian History, Culture and

Identity, London: Allen Lane (r) DS423 Sen. Stoker, Gerry (2007) Why Politics Matters: Making Democracy Work, Basingstoke:

Palgrave, (r) JF799Sto Thaler, Richard and Sustein, Cass (2009) Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth

and Happiness, London: Penguin, HB74.P8 Tha.

What is International Relations? Lecture 3: 26 Sept (Mon) Prof John Peterson

This lecture introduces International Relations (IR) as a global experience as well as an intellectual construct. The relationship between IR and Politics is discussed, and we reflect on why IR is sometimes seen as a sub-discipline of Politics and other times as a separate arena of investigation. We rehearse the argument that IR is best understood by reflecting on the nature of paired opposites: sovereignty and globalization, anarchy and order, war and peace, poverty and wealth. The session concludes with a discussion of the extremely thorny question of how theory relates to practice in the study of IR.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 13

Further reading: Baylis, John, Smith, Steve & Owens, Patricia (2010) (eds), The Globalization of World Politics

(Oxford: Oxford University Press) 5th edition, intro & ch 1 (r) JZ1242 Glo. Booth, Ken and Wheeler, Nicholas J. (2008) The Security Dilemma: Fear, Cooperation and

Trust in World Politics (Basinstoke: Palgrave) JZ5508 Boo. Carr, E. H. (1995) The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939: an Introduction to the Study of

International Relations, London: Papermac (sl) D723 Car. Dannreuther, Roland and Peterson, John (eds) (2006) Security Strategy and Transatlantic

Relations, London: Routledge (sl) UA23 Sec. Dunne, Tim and Klejda, Mulaj (2010) ‘America After Iraq’ International Affairs, 86 (6): 1287-

98 (e) Dunne, Tim, Kurki, Milja and Smith, Steve (2010) International Relations Theories:

Discipline and Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2nd edn, introduction (r). JZ 1305 Int

Friedman, Thomas and Kaplan, Robert (2002) ‘States of Discord’ (on globalization and the nation state) Foreign Policy , March/April (e)

Fukuyama, Francis (2006) After the Neo-Cons, London: Profile Books E840 Fuk. Kagan, Robert (2008) The Return of History and the End of Dreams, London: Atlantic Books

(r) D860 Kag. Kapstein, Ethan B. (2008) ‘Fairness Considerations in World Politics: Lessons from

International Trade Negotiations’, Political Science Quarterly, 123 (2) Summer, pp.229-49 (e) Per. .32 Pol.

Jackson, Robert H. and Sørensen, George (2010) Introduction to International Relations, 4th edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press chs 1-2 ,visit the following web-site for helpful information on this book: http://www.oup.com/uk/orc/bin/9780199548842/

Mingst, Karen and Arreguin-Toft, Ivan (2010) Essentials of International Relations, 5th edition, London: W W Norton, ch 1 (r) JZ 1305 Min

Nye, Joseph S Jr. (2004) Soft Power: the Means to Success in World Politics, New York: Public Affairs (see also short article of same name on offprint reserve) (r) JZ 1480 Nye

Nye, Joseph S Jr (2011) The Future of Power, New York: Public Affairs (r) ON ORDER; see also article of same name in Foreign Affairs, Nov/Dec 2010, 89 (6), pp.2-12.

Waltz, K.N. (1999) ‘Globalization and governance’, PS : Political Science and Politics , 32 4) (December): 693-700 (e)

Powerand Society Lecture 4: 29 Sept (Thurs) Dr Nicola McEwen

Power is central to the study of politics and international relations. But ‘power’ is an essentially contested concept; there is endless disagreement about what the term itself actually means. This lecture examines different approaches to studying power in politics, both domestic and international. It provides an overview of the several dimensions of power and then explores the concept in relation to current debates including race, gender and equality.

Required reading: Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics, 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, review ch 1 (10-13); ch 9 (pp 195-203)

Lukes, Steven. (2005) Power: a Radical View, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, Chapter 1, pp. 14-59 (e-book) __________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 14

Required reading:

Chris Brown and Kirsten Ainley (CB & KA), Understanding International Relations, 3rd edition (2005), chapter 1. (r)

Mearsheimer, John J. (2005) ‘E H Carr versus Idealism: the Battle Rages On’, International Relations, 19 (2) June 2005, pp.139-52 (e)

Further reading: Allen, N. and Dean. J. (2008) ‘No (Parliamentary) Gender Gap Please, We're British’ Political

Quarterly vol 79 (2): 212-220 (e) Bachrach, P. and Baratz, N. (1970) Power and Poverty. Theory and Practice JC 330 Bac Banducci S., et al (2004), ‘Minority Representation, Empowerment and Participation’, The

Journal of Politics, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 534-556 (e) Barnes, Barry (1993) ‘Power’ in Bellamy, R (ed) Theories and Concepts of Politics: an

Introduction Celis, K. and Childs, S (2008) ‘Introduction: The Descriptive and Substantive Representation

of Women: New Directions’ Parliamentary Affairs, vol 61 (3): 419-425 ) (e) Chomsky, N. (2003) Understanding Power (essays). P85.C47.Cho Dahl, R A. (1961/1989) Who Governs? Democracy and power in an American city (e-book) Dunleavy, P and O'Leary, B (1987) Theories of the State: the Politics of Liberal Democracy,

ch 2 & 4 Evans, M (1995) 'Elitism' in Marsh, D and Stoker, G (eds) Theory and Methods in Political

Science Hay, C (2007) Why We Hate Politics JA75.7 Hay Inter-Parliamentary Union. Up to date statistics on women in national parliaments, available

at http://www.ipu.org Kenny, M (2007) ‘Gender, Institutions and Power A Critical Review’ Politics vol 27(2) : 91-

100 (e) Mills, C. Wright (1956) The Power Elite, (sl) E169.1 Mil Nye, J. (2008) The Powers to Lead, especially chap 2 ‘Leadership and Power’ (pp27-54) JC

330.3 Nye (r) See also interview with Nye at: http://www.hks.harvard.edu/news-events/publications/insight/international/joseph-nye

Poggi, G. (2001) Forms of Power JC 330 Pog (r) Phillips, A (1993) Democracy and Difference, Cambridge: Polity Press, esp. ch5. (HQ1190

Phi) Phillips, A (1995) The Politics of Presence, Oxford: Clarendon Press, chs 2 and 3 JF1061 Phi

(e-book) Polsby, N (1980) Community Power and Political Theory (sl) JS 1195. Pol Ross, K (2002) (ed) Women, Politics and Change, also available as Special Issue of

Parliamentary Affairs 55 (1) Link (e) Smith, M (1995) 'Pluralism', in Marsh, D and Stoker, G (eds), Theory and Methods in

Political Science, (pp 209-227) Stockemer, D. (2008) ‘Women’s Representation: A comparison between European and the

Americas’ Politics vol 28(2): 65-73 (e) Waylen, G. (2008) ‘Enhancing the Substantive Representation of Women: Lessons from

Transitions to Democracy’ Parliamentary Affairs vol 61 (3): 518-534; Women in politics, website: http://www.ipu.org/bdf-e/BDFsearch.asp Wrong, D H. (1995) Power: Its Forms, Bases and Uses, chs 6-8 (JC 330 Wro)

Power and Sovereignty Lecture 5: 4 Oct (Mon) Prof John Peterson

This lecture examines the claim that the sovereign state is the key actor in International Relations. Different theoretical traditions in IR have differing understandings of the role and significance of the state. We introduce realist, liberal/pluralist and Marxist interpretations. We then examine the closely connected idea of sovereignty and assesses the degree to which sovereignty has been, or is in the process of being, ‘compromised’ (Krasner). Market forces, international norms such as human rights, and power asymmetries all qualify the concept of sovereignty as traditionally understood. The lecture concludes with a discussion of ‘globalization’ which critically examines the notion of ‘global terrorist networks’ as a case that helps us determine whether globalisation is i) unprecedented; ii) changing the nature of international relations; iii) a serious challenge to traditional notions of sovereignty.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 15

Further reading:Sovereignty and Power

Brown, Chris (2002) Sovereignty, Rights, and Justice: International Political Theory Today, Cambridge: Polity Press ch 2 (sl) JZ1305 Bro.

Clinton, Hillary Rodham (2010) ‘Leading Through Civilian Power: Redefining American Diplomacy and Development’, Foreign Affairs, November-December, 89(6), pp.13-24 (e).

Drezner, Daniel W. (2007) All Politics is Global, Princeton: Princeton University Press, ch 1 (sl) JZ1318 Dre.

Drezner, Daniel W. (2011) ‘Does Obama Have a Grand Strategy?’, Foreign Affairs, July-August: 57-68 (e).

Held, David, McGrew and Anthony G. (2003) The Global Transformations Reader: an Introduction to the Globalization Debate, 2nd edn., Cambridge: Polity Press ch 9 (sl) JZ1318 Glo.

Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics, 3rd ed , Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 7 International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (2003) Responsibility to

Protect in www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/iciss-ciise/menu-en.asp Jackson, Robert H. (1999) Sovereignty at the Millennium, Malden, MA: Blackwell, (sl) (also

found in Political Studies (1999) Special edition 47 (3) (e) Keohane, Robert O. (1998) ‘International Institutions: Can Interdependence Work?’,

Foreign Policy, 110 (Spring), pp.82-96 (e). Krasner, Stephen D. (1999) Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton

University Press KZ4041 Kra. Krasner, Stephen (1995/6), ‘Compromising Westphalia’, International Security, 20 (3) pp.

115-151 (e) - can also be found in David Held and Anthony McGrew (eds) Global Transformations Reader (Cambridge: Polity), ch 10 (sl)

Basics of IR theory Baylis, John, Smith, Steve & Owens, Patricia (2010) The Globalization of World Politics,

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 5th ed., pt 2 JZ1242 Glo. Baylis, John, Wirtz, James J. and Gray, Colin (2010) Strategy in the Contemporary World: an

Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 3rd edn pt 2 (sl) U162 Str.

Burchill, Scott (2009) Theories of International Relations, Basingstoke: Palgrave, 4th edition, ch 1 (sl) JZ1242 The.

Carr, E. H. (1995) The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939, London: Papermac (sl) D723 Car. Rathburn, Brian (2008) ‘Does One Right Make a Realist? Conservativism,

Neoconservativism, and Isolationism in the Foreign Policy Ideology of American Elites’, Political Science Quarterly, 123 (2) Summer, pp.271-99 (e) Per. .32 Pol.

Snyder, Jack (2005) ‘One World, Many Theories’ Foreign Policy, November/December pp. 53-62 Link (e)

Walt, Stephen M. (1998) ‘International Relations: One World, Many Theories’, Foreign Policy, vol.110 Link (e)

Woods, Ngaire (1996), Explaining International Relations since 1945, Oxford: Oxford University Press chs 1-2 (sl) JZ1305 Exp.

Globalization and Terrorism Baylis, John, Smith, Steve and Owen, Patricia (2010) The Globalization of World Politics,

Oxford: Oxford University Press, 5th ed., ch 21 (s) JZ1242 Glo.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 16

Required reading:Required reading:Brown, Chris and Kirsten Ainley (2005), Understanding International Relations, 3rd edition , chapt 2

Slaughter, Anne-Marie (1997) 'The Real New World Order', Foreign Affairs, 76 (5): 183-97 (on WebCT page and e-journal)

Benjamin, Daniel and Simon, Stephen (2005) The Next Attack: the Globalization of Jihad, London: Hodder and Stoughten (s) HV6432.7 Ben.

Bobbitt, Philip (2008) Terror and Consent: the Wars for the 21st Century, London: Allen Lane, HV6432 Bob.

Coll, Steve (2005) Ghost Wars: the Secret History of the CIA, Afhanistan and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan to September 10, 2001, London: Penguin (s) DS371.2 Col.

Gause, F. Gregory (2011) ‘What Middle East Studies Missed the Arab Spring’, Foreign Affairs, 90 (4):, pp.81-90 (e)

Gordon, Philip H. (2007) ‘Can the War on Terror Be Won?’, Foreign Affairs, 86 (6), pp.53-66 John Mueller (2006) ‘Is There Still a Terrorist Threat?’, Foreign Affairs, 85 (5),

September/October 2006, pp.2-8 (e). Richardson, Louise (2006) What Terrorists Want, London: John Murray (s), HV6431 Ric. Sageman, Marc (2004) Understanding Terror Networks, Philadelphia: University of

Pennsylvania Press (s) HV6431 Sag. Sageman, Marc (2008) Leaderless Jihad: Terror Networks in the 21st Century, Philadelphia:

University of Pennsylvania Press (s) HV6431 Sag. Wilkinson, Paul (2006) Terrorism versus Democracy, London: Routledge (s) HV6431 Wil.

The State Lecture 6: 6 October (Thurs) Dr Wilfried SwendenThis lecture will introduce the concept of the state. In modern political life, the state is the primary arena for the exercise of political power. We will look at different definitions of the state and consider its key features and functions. In particular, we will study the state as the basis of sovereignty and legitimate authority. We will examine the emergence and development of the state, and look at the different types of states that are evident today. Finally, we will consider the internal and external pressures on the modern state which can sometimes lead to decreasing legitimacy and even state failure.

Required reading:

Heywood, Andrew (2002) Politics, 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 5

Roeder, P.G. (2007), ‘Who gets a State of their Own’ in Roeder, P.G., Where Nation-States Come From, Princeton, NJ. Ch 1, pp.3-42 (e-reserve link)

Further reading: Axtmann, R (2003) (ed) Understanding Democratic Politics: an Introduction, , ch 11 by

Keating. Dunleavy, P and O'Leary, Br (1987) Theories of the State: the Politics of Liberal Democracy,

ch1 Cai, Y. (2008) ‘ Power Structure and Regime Resilience: Contentious Politics in China’

British Journal of Political Science vol 38: pp411-32. (e) Hay, C, Lister, M. and Marsh, D eds. (2006), The State. Theories and Issues 9JC 131 Sta) Heywood, P et al (2002) (eds) Developments in West European Politics 2, Introduction Gill, Graeme J. (2003) The Nature and Development of the Modern State. Basingstoke,

Palgrave. Chap. 1 'The Modern State' pp. 1-32.( e-reserve link) Keating, M (1999) The Politics of Modern Europe: the State and Political Authority in the

Major Democracies, ch1. Kharas, H. et al (2009) Portraits of Instability (Failed States Index) Foreign Policy July/Aug,

p88-93 (e) Nicholson, M (2002) International Relations: a Concise Introduction, ch.2 Mann, M (1990) The Rise and Decline of the Nation State, , ch.10. Paul, T. V. et al (2003) The Nation-State in Question, Princeton, N.J.: Pierson, Christopher (2004) The Modern State. 2nd ed, Chap. 1 'Modern States' pp. 4-26. (e-

reserve link) Poggi, G (1990) The State: its Nature, Development and Prospects

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 17

Poggi, G (2008), ‘The nation-state’ in Caramani, Daniele, Comparative Politics, pp85-107 (JA 86 Com) (r)

Rokkan, S and Urwin, D W. (1982), The Politics of Territorial Identity: Studies in European Regionalism, chapter on ‘Centres and Peripheries in Western Europe’

Rotberg, R I. ed. (2003), When States Fail: Causes and Consequences (on order) sample chapter available at: http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s7666.html

Sørenson, G (2004), The Transformation of the State. Beyond the Myth of Retreat Spruyt H. (1994), The Sovereign State and its Competitors, Princeton, N.J. Tilly, C and Ardant, G (1975), The Formation of National States in Western Europe Weber, M et al (1970), From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology H33 Web (r)

States and Foreign Policy Lecture 7: 10 Oct (Mon)

Dr Vassilios Paipais International relations were long conducted and explained in the context of a Cold War between the United States, the Soviet Union and their respective allies, struggling for power in a Westphalian system. But are such balance of power dynamics the best way to describe and try to explain the behaviour of states? What are the most important factors that contribute to the creation of different foreign policies? This week’s lecture and readings examine the Cold War and important empirical and analytical changes that began in the 1990s. The week focuses particularly on the role of the state and the various ways in which domestic actors and institutions influence the making of foreign policy. Students are introduced to different sources of foreign policy as a way to explain the behaviour of states during and after the Cold War.

Required reading

Kegley, C and Raymond, G. (2010) ‘Domestic Sources of Foreign Policy’ in The Global Future, 3rd edition, ch 3. (e-reserve)

Brown, C. and Ainley, K. (2009 Understanding International Relations, 4th ed (2009), ch 6.

Further reading: Allison, G (2008), ‘The Cuban Missile Crisis’ in Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield and Tim Dunne

(eds), Foreign Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 12. Brown, C. and Kirsten Ainley (2009), Understanding International Relations, 4th edition, ch

4. Byman, D., K. Pollack (2001), ‘Let Us Now Praise Great Men: Bringing the Statesman Back

In’, International Security 25, 4: 107-146. Evans, P., D. Rueschemeyer and T. Skocpol, eds (1985), Bringing the State Back In,

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Evans, P., H. K. Jacobson, R. D. Putnam, eds (1993), Double-Edged Diplomacy: International

Diplomacy and Domestic Politics, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Garrison, J., ed (2003), ‘Foreign Policy Analysis in 20/20’, International Studies Review 5:

156-163. Hill, Christopher (2003), The Changing Politics of Foreign Policy, Basingstoke: Palgrave. Hudson, Va (2008), ‘The History and Evolution of Foreign Policy Analysis’ in Steve Smith, et

al (eds), Foreign Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 1. Kennedy, P (1988), The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, London: Unwin, Hyman. Peterson, J (2006), ‘In Defence of Inelegance: IR Theory and Transatlantic Practice’,

International Relations 20 (1): 5-25. Smith, M E. (2008) ‘Research European Foreign Policy: Some Fundamentals’, Politics, 28

(3): 177-87 (e) Smith, S, A Hadfield, T Dunne (2008), Foreign Policy: Theories, Actors, Cases, Oxford:

Oxford University Press. Tilly, C, ed (1975), The Formation of National States in Western Europe, Princeton, NJ:

Princeton University Press. Waltz, K (1979), Theory of International Politics, New York: Addison-Wesley. Waston, A (2002), The Evolution of International Society: A Comparative Historical Analysis,

London: Routledge.__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 18

White, B (2001), Understanding European Foreign Policy, Basingstoke: Palgrave. Zelikow, P with Graham Allison (1999), Essence of Decision, New York: Longman, 2nd

edition.

Anarchy and Independence Lecture 8: 13 Oct (Thurs)Dr Vassilios Paipais

This lecture provides an overview of the field of international security or, as it is sometimes known, security studies. At the centre of the study of international security is the understanding of the causes of war and violent conflict and the means to resolve such conflicts and restore peace. The lecture addresses the centrality played by nuclear weapons during the Cold War and how the advent of the nuclear age fundamentally changed the nature of warfare. The impact of the end of the Cold War is assessed and how this has led to a broader security agenda which include such issues as WMD proliferation, terrorism and the environment. These are reflected in recent Security Strategies promulgated by the United States (2002) and the European Union (2003).

Required reading:Chris Brown and Kirsten Ainley (CB & KA), Understanding International Relations, 4th edition (2009), ch 5.

Skim: US National Security Strategy, Sept 2002. Available at: http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/nsc/nss/2002/European Security Strategy (December 2003) Available at: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/78367.pdfFurther reading:

Baylis, John and Smith, Steve (2001) The Globalization of World Politics, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 12 (2nd Edition), ch 13 (3rd Edition) (r) JZ 1242 Glo

Baylis, John (2002) Strategy in the Contemporary World: an Introduction to Strategic Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, chs 13 (sl)

Butler, Richard (2001) Fatal Choice: Nuclear Weapons and the Illusion of Missile Defense, Boulder CO: Westview Press (sl)

Buzan, Barry (1991) People, States and Fear: an Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-cold War Era, Hemel Hempstead: Wheatsheaf (sl)

Buzan, Barry et al (1998) Security: a New Framework for Analysis, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner (sl)

Dannreuther, Roland (2006) International Security: The Contemporary Agenda chs 1-2 (r) JZ5588 Dan

European Security Strategy (December 2003): www.consilium.europa.eu/cms3_fo/showPage.ASP?id=266&lang=EN&mode=g

Jackson, Robert H. (2000) The Global Covenant: Human Conduct in a World of States, Oxford: Oxford University Press ch 8

Kaldor, Mary (1999) New and Old Wars: Organized Violence in a Global Era, Cambridge: Polity Press (sl)

Katzenstein, Peter, ed (1996) The Culture of National Security, New York: Columbia University Press.

Litfin, Karen (1999) ‘Environmental Security’ in Paul, T. V. and Hall, John A. (1999) International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (sl)

Lynn-Jones, Sean M. and Miller, Steven E. (1995) Global Dangers: Changing Dimensions of International Security, Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.

Nye, Joseph S. (2000) Understanding International Conflicts: an Introduction to Theory and History, New York: Longman.

Schmidt, Brian C. (2008), ‘The Primacy of National Security’ in Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield and Tim Dunne (eds), Foreign Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 9.

United Nations (2004) UN High Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, ‘A More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility’ 2004 (e)

US National Security Strategy, September 2002 .

Globalisation Lecture 9: 17 Oct (Mon)Dr Vassilios Paipais

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 19

What is globalisation, and why has it become such a widely-used term? This week’s lecture and readings analyse the features and impact of globalisation (such as the changing role of the nation-state, the rise of transnational corporations, changes to the global economy, and globalisation’s impact on trade). Particular attention is paid to the forces driving globalisation and the actors that seem to be playing a more active role in a globalised international system. The week also looks at the opposition to globalisation, its arguments and effects. Students are encouraged to think about whether globalisation is a new phenomenon, and whether its effects are as negative as are commonly portrayed.

Required reading:Chris Brown and Kirsten Ainley (CB & KA), Understanding International Relations, 4th edition (2009), ch 7.

Chris Brown and Kirsten Ainley (CB & KA), Understanding International Relations, 4th edition (2009), ch 9.

Further reading: Amoore, Le (ed.) (2005) The Global Resistance Reader (London : Routledge) (sl) Axford, B (2002) ‘The Process of Globalisation’ in Axford, Barrie et al (eds) Politics: an

Introduction, London: Routledge, 2nd ed., ch 14. Linklater, A (2005) 'Globalization and the transformation of political community’ in Baylis, J

and Smith, S, The Globalization of World Politics, chap. 32 pp. 709-725 (e-reserve link) (see also their online resource centre at: http://www.oup.com/uk/orc/bin/9780199271184/)

Berger, P L. and Huntington, S P. (2002) Many Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cable, Vt (1999) Globalization and Global Governance (London: Royal Institute of International Affairs).

Camilleri, Joseph A. and Falk, Jim (1992) The End of Sovereignty?, Aldershot: Elgar, chs 4-5. Dicken, P (2003) Global Shift: Reshaping the Global Economic Map in the 21st Century,

London: Sage. Evans, P (1997) 'The Eclipse of the State: Reflections on Stateness in an era of

Globalisation', World Politics, 50(1): 62-87 (e) Fukuyama, F (1992) The End of History and the Last Man, London: Penguin(r) D16 Fuk Garrett, G (2000) 'The Causes of Globalization', Comparative Political Studies 33 (6-7): 941-

991 (e) Hay, Colin (2000) ‘Contemporary capitalism, globalization, regionalization and the

persistence of national variation’ Review of International Studies 26 (4): 509-531 (e) Held, D and McGrew, A (2002) Globalization/Anti-globalization, Cambridge: Polity (r) JZ1318

Hel Held, D and McGrew, A (2000) The Global Transformations Reader: an Introduction to the

Globalization Debate, Cambridge: Polity Press (r) JZ 1318 Glo Hoogvelt, A M. M. (1997) Globalisation and the Postcolonial World: the New Political

Economy of Development, Basingstoke: Macmillan. Huntington, S (1998) The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (London:

Touchstone) (r) D860 Hun; see also short article of same name in Foreign Affairs, 72 (3) Summer (e)

Hurrell, Aand Woods, N (1999) Inequality, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press (e)

Kaplinsky, Raphael (2001) ‘Is Globalization all it is cracked up to be?’ Review of International Political Economy 8,1: 45-65 (e)

Kapstein, E B. (1994) Governing the Global Economy: International Finance and the State, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Kegley, C and Raymond (2010) The Global Future, ch 11. Lechner, F and Boli, J (2004) The Globalization Reader, Malden, MA: Blackwell. Nye, J (2001)‘Globalisation and Discontent’, World Today, Aug/Sept (ph) Rosenberg, T. (2002), ‘The Free Trade Fix’, New York Times Magazine, 18 March 2002 (a

good introduction to globalization) (e) Samir , D. and Ray Kiely, eds (2006) Globalization and After (London : Sage Publications) . Singer, Pr (2002) One World: the Ethics of Globalization, New Haven: Yale University Press.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 20

Strange, S (1996) The Retreat of the State: the Diffusion of Power in the World Economy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Stiglitz, J E. (2002) Globalization and its Discontents, London: Penguin.

Morality and IR Lecture 10: 20 Oct (Thurs)Dr Vassilios Paipais

This lecture examines the thorny and much contested question of the role of morality in International Relations. This involves revisiting some of the main IR theories, most notably realism, which tends to assume that power always has primacy over morality, as against liberal cosmopolitan and constructivist accounts, who argue that morality and norms directly and independently influence international developments. This theoretical debate is then illustrated by an assessment of the significance of human rights in international law and broader international politics.

Required reading:Brown, C and Kirsten Ainley (CB & KA), Understanding International Relations, 4th edition (2009), ch 11.

Barnett, Michael (2008), ‘Duties Beyond Borders’ in Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield and Tim Dunne (eds), Foreign Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 11. (e-reserve)

Further reading:Normative IR theory

Art, Robert J. and Jervis, Robert (1996) International Politics: Enduring Concepts and Contemporary Issues, New York: HarperCollins, part 1 (sl)

Baylis, John and Smith, Steve (2001/2005) The Globalization of World Politics, Oxford: Oxford University Press t 1 (2nd Edition), pt 2 (3rd Edition) (r) JZ 1242 Glo

Beitz, Charles R. and Alexander, Larry (1985) International Ethics, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press (sl)

Brown, Chris (1992) International Relations Theory: New Normative Approaches (New York: Columbia University Press) (r)

Dunne, Tim, Kurki, Milja and Smith, Steve (2007) International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity, Oxford: Oxford University Press chapt 2 (r).

Holzgrefe, J., R. Keohane, eds (2003), Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal and Political Dimensions, New York: Cambridge university Press.

Jackson, Robert H. (2000) The Global Covenant: Human Conduct in a World of States, Oxford: Oxford University Press ch 15 (sl)

Nardin, Terry and Mapel, David R. (1993) Traditions of International Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (sl)

Webber, Cynthia (2005) International Relations Theory: a Critical Introduction, London: Routledge (sl)

Human Rights Barnett, Michael (2008), ‘Duties Beyond Borders’ in Steve Smith, Amelia Hadfield and Tim

Dunne (eds), Foreign Policy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 11. Baylis, John and Smith, Steve (2001/2005) The Globalization of World Politics, Oxford:

Oxford University Press ch 28 (2nd Edition), ch 31 (3rd Edition) (r) JZ 1242 Glo Brown, Chris (2002) Sovereignty, Rights, and Justice: International Political Theory Today,

Cambridge, UK: Polity Press; ch 7 (sl) Donnelly, Jack (1998) International Human Rights, Boulder, CO: Westview (sl) Donnelly, Jack (1998) ‘Human Rights: A New Standard of Civilisation’ International Affairs

74 (1) (e) Dunne, Timothy and Wheeler, Nicholas J. (1999) Human Rights in Global Politics,

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (sl) Dunne, Timothy (2004) ‘We the People: Contending Discourses of Security in Human Rights

Theory and Practice’ International Relations 18 (1) (e) Forsythe, David P. (2000) Human Rights in International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press (sl)__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 21

Charles W. Kegley and Gregory Raymond, The Global Future, 3rd edition (2010), ch 13. Nardin, Terry and Mapel, David R. (1993) Traditions of International Ethics, Cambridge:

Cambridge University Press ch 12 (sl) Shue, Henry. (1996) Basic Rights: Subsistence, Affluence, and U.S. Foreign Policy,

Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press (sl) Vincent, R. J. (1986) Human Rights and International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press (sl) Wheeler, N. (2000), Saving Strangers: Humanitarian Intervention in International Society,

New York: Oxford University Press.

Essay due Wednesday 26 October 2011- No lecture held Monday 24 Oct.

Ideology Lecture 11: 27 October (Thursday)Prof John PetersonWhen we observe and impose meaning on the political world, we inevitably do so with a (more or less) coherent set of assumptions and ideas. The basis for all organised political action is ideology, an account of the existing order and how it might change (or not) to produce some kind of desired future. This lecture examines the role of ideology in political life and teases out the essentials of major ideologies – liberalism, conservatism, and socialism. It also considers traditionally less mainstream ideologies, including feminism, environmentalism, and religious fundamentalism. It reflects on why the emergence of modern democratic societies in the mid-20th century -war period gave rise to predictions of ‘the end of ideology’. We also eexplore why the end of that century – and beginning of the 21st – saw rising political interest in a ideological ‘3rd way’, or an alternative to both socialism and neo-liberalism.

Further reading: Arblaster, Anthony (1984) The Rise and Decline of Western Liberalism, Oxford: Basil

Blackwell, JC571 Arb. Ball, Alan R. and Peters, B. Guy (2005) Modern Politics and Government, Basingstoke:

Palgrave, 7th edition, ch 2 (r) JA66 Bal Bell, Daniel (1961) The End of Ideology: on the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in the Fifties,

New York: Free Press (r) HN58 Bel. Berman, Michael (2004) Terror and Liberalism, ch 1 (e-reserve link) see also chs1, 6-7 (r) Bryson, Valerie (2003) Feminist Political Theory: an Introduction, Basingstoke: Macmillan,

2nd edn (r) HN58 Bel. Childs, Sarah and Krook, Mona Lena (2006) ‘Gender and Politics: the State of the Art’,

Politics, 26 (1), pp.18-28 (e) Dobson, Andrew (2007) Green Political Thought, 4th edition, London: Routledge (on older,

but older editions also useful, JA75.8 Dob) Eagleton, Terry (1994) Ideology, London: Longman, (sl) B823.3 Ide. Eagleton, Terry (2011) Why Marx Was Right, New Haven CT: Yale University Press (sl)

HX39.5 Eag. Freeden, Michael (1998) Ideologies and Political Theory: A Conceptual Approach, (Oxford

scholarship online). Fukuyama, Francis (1992) The End of History and the Last Man, London: Penguin, (r) D16.8

Fuk. Latham, Mark (2001) The Third way: An Outline’ in Giddens, A. (ed) The Global Third Way

Debate, Cambridge: Polity Press (e-reserve link)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 22

Required reading:Required Reading:Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics, 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave , Chs 3-4

Fukuyama, Francis (1989) 'The End of History', The National Interest, Summer. Available at: http://www.wesjones.com/eoh.htm

Giddens, Anthony (ed) (2001) The Global Third Way Debate, Cambridge: Polity Press (r) HX73 Glo.

Giddens, Anthony (2000) The Third Way and Its Critics, Malden, MA: Polity Press (r) HX73 GID

Heywood, Andrew (1998) Political Ideologies: an Introduction, Basingstoke: Macmillan, , 2nd edition (r) JA71 Hey

Heywood, Andrew (1999) Political Theory: an Introduction, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2nd ed (r) JA71 Hey

Hunt, Swanee (2007) ‘Let Women Rule’, Foreign Affairs, 86 (3). May/June, pp.109-20. Kuo, David (2006) Tempting Faith: an Inside Story of Political Seduction, London: Free

Press, HF5548.325.U6 Kuo.. Phillips, Anne (1995) The Politics of Presence, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ch 1 (e-book) Rawls, John (1996) Political Liberalism, New York: Columbia University Press (r) (see also

further info) Schwarzmantel, J. J. (2008) Ideology and Politics, London: Sage, JA71 Sch. Sheldon, Garrett Ward (2003) The Political Philosophy of James Madison, Baltimore: Johns

Hopkins Press, JC211.M35 She.

Nationalism Lecture 12: 31 Oct (Mon) Dr Wilfried Swenden Nationalism is one of the most important political phenomena of the last two centuries. It has been at the root of wars of aggression and at the heart of movements of liberation. Nationalism is a crucial factor underpinning state formation and disintegration. More subtly, the language of nationalism and the ‘national interest’ are used to justify many of the activities of modern states. This lecture will explore nationalism as a doctrine and as a form of politics. We will examine the meaning of nationalism, its emergence as a political phenomenon, and its different manifestations. We will also consider the concept of the ‘nation’ and how it differs from the concept of the ‘state’, and discuss why the two concepts are often confused.

Required reading:Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics, 3rd Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 6

Alter, P, 1994, pp. 1-15 ch.1 ‘What is nationalism?’ in Nationalism, 2nd edition (e-reserve link)

Further reading: Anderson, B (1991) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of

Nationalism Anderson, M (2000) States and Nationalism in Europe since 1945 Axtmann, R (2003) (ed) Understanding Democratic Politics, chs 11 and 27 Billig, M (1995) Banal Nationalism JC 311 Bil (r) Breuilly, J (2008) ‘Nationalism’ in Baylis, J, Smith, S & Owens, P (2008) (eds), The

Globalization of World Politics 5th ed, ch23 (r) JZ1242 Glo. Breuilly, J (1993), Nationalism and the State Brown, D (1999), ‘Are there Good and Bad Nationalisms?’ Nations and Nationalism vol5(2),

pp. 281-302 (e) Brubaker, R (1996), Nationalism Reframed. Nationhood and the national question in the

New Europe. Calhoun, C (1997) Nationalism, chs1, 4 and 5, (r) JC311 Cal Gellner, E (1997) Nationalism JC 311 Gel (r) Greenfeld, L (1993) Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity, ch.1 Guibernau i Berdún, et, al (2001) Understanding Nationalism, ch 2 and 3. Hall, J A, ed. (1998), The State of the Nation. Ernest Gellner and the Theory of Nationalism Halliday F (2005) ‘Nationalism’ in Baylis, John and Smith, Steve, The Globalization of World

Politics, ch 23 Hechter, M (2000), Containing Nationalism JC 311 Hec

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Hearn, J (2006), Rethinking nationalism: a critical introduction, ch. 1 Heywood, A (2003) Political Ideologies: an Introduction, ch5 Hobsbawm, E. J. (1992) Nations and Nationalism since 1780, Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press , ch6 Ichijo, A and Uzelac G, eds. (2005), When is the Nation? Towards an understanding of

theories of nationalism Kaldor, M (2004), ‘Nationalism and Globalisation’, Nations and Nationalism, vol.10, no 1/2,

p161-178 Kedourie, E (1993) Nationalism, JC 311 Ked Kohn, H (1946) The Idea of Nationalism, JC 311 Koh Miller, D (1997) On Nationality, (e) Minogue, K R. (1969), Nationalism JC 311 Min McCrone, D (1998) The Sociology of Nationalism, chs1, 5 McEwen, N (2006), Nationalism and the State: Welfare and identity in Scotland and Quebec,

ch.1 and ch 2 Norman, W (2006), Negotiating Nationalism: Nation-Building, Federalism, and Secession in

the Multinational State, ch.1 and 2 (e) Renan, E. (first published 1882) ‘What is a Nation?’, reprinted in Bhabha, H K. (1990) (ed)

Nation and Narration. Sekulic, D (1997), ‘The Creation and Dissolution of the Multinational State: The Case of

Yugoslavia’, Nations and Nationalism, vol 3(2): 165-180 Smith, A D. (1991) National Identity (r) JC 311 Smi Smith, A D (1993) 'The Ethnic Sources of Nationalism’ in Survival, 35:1, 48-62 (e)

Sub-state nationalism Lecture 13: 4 Nov (Thurs) Dr Wilfried SwendenThe second half of the twentieth century saw the emergence of a new kind of nationalism within established nation-states. Sub-state nationalism (also called neo-nationalism, minority nationalism, or regional nationalism) has been evident in Scotland and Wales in the UK, Quebec in Canada, Catalonia and the Basque country in Spain, Flanders in Belgium, northern Italy, and many other advanced industrial states. Why did these movements emerge? What demands have they made, and how and why have states responded to these demands? This lecture will explore the rise and accommodation of sub-state nationalism.

Required reading:Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics,3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 8

Keating, Michael (2001) Nations against the state: the new politics of nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland, Basingstoke, Palgrave, ch 3 (e-reserve link)

Further reading: Breuilly, J (1993) Nationalism and the State, ch16 Brown, D (1998), ‘Why is the Nation-State so Vulnerable to Ethnic Nationalism?’, Nations

and Nationalism, vol.4 (1):1-34 Catt, H and Murphy, M (2002) Sub-state Nationalism Choudhry, S. ed., (2008) Constitutional Design for Divided Societies. Integration or

Accommodation Law Library, K3165 Con. Connor, W (1994) Ethnonationalism: the Quest for Understanding Crick, B. (2008) ‘ The Four Nations: Interrelations’ [sub state nationalism in British Isles]

Political Quarterly vol 79 (1): 71-79 (e) Crick, B. (1992) ‘On Nationalism in Scotland’, Government and Opposition, 27/3 (e) Gagnon, A and Tully, J (2001) Multinational Democracies Ignatieff, M (1994) Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism Jenkins, B (2000) ‘The Europe of Nations and Regions’ in Sakwa, R and Stevens, A. (eds)

Contemporary Europe (e)

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Keating, M (1997), ‘Stateless Nation-Building: Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland in the Changing State System’, Nations and Nationalism, vol 3 ( 4): 689-717

Keating, M (1998) The New Regionalism in Western Europe Keating, M (2001) Plurinational Democracy. Stateless Nations in a Post-Sovereignty Era (e-

book) http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/politicalscience/9780199240760/

toc.html Keating, M (2002) ‘Territorial Politics and the New Regionalism’ in Heywood, Paul et al (eds)

Developments in West European Politics 2, Basingstoke: Palgrave, Kohli, A (1997), ‘Can Democracies accommodate Ethnic Nationalism? Rise and Decline of

Self-Determination Movements in India, Journal of Asian Studies, 56 (2), 324-44 (e) Lynch, P J. (1996) Minority Nationalism and European Integration McCrone, D (1998) The Sociology of Nationalism, London: Routledge, ch. 7 Payrow Shabani, O A (2007), ‘Language Policy of a Civic-Nation State: Constitutional

Patriotism and Minority Language Rights’ in Castiglione, Dario and Longman, Chris eds., The Language Question in Europe and Diverse Societies, pp 37-60

Rudolph, J R. and Thompson, Robert J. (1989) Ethnoterritorial Politics, Policy, and the Western World,

Rudolph, J R. (2006), Politics and Ethnicity. A Comparative Study, Basingstoke: Palgrave Swenden, W. (2006) Federalism and Regionalism in Western Europe. A Comparative and

Thematic Analysis, chapter on ‘The Centre, the Regions and Plurinationalism’ pp, 244-87 JN94.A58 Swe

Tiryakian, E A. and Rogowski, R (1985) New Nationalisms of the Developed West. Wilson, R (2001), ‘The politics of contemporary ethno-nationalist conflicts’, Nations and

Nationalism, vol.7, no.3, p365-384

Elections and Voting Lecture 14: 7 Nov (Mon) Dr Wilfried Swenden The members of the executive or legislature have an indirect or direct electoral mandate. The first part of this lecture will assess who is eligible to vote and who we vote into office (i.e. do we vote for a president and a member of the legislature? Do we only vote for a member of the legislature? When we vote, do we have a particular candidate of our liking in mind, or do we vote for a party?) Whom we elect into public office is not only a consequence of our vote. It also a consequence of the electoral system that is used to translate votes into seats. In the second part of the lecture, we provide an overview of the major electoral systems, and on the basis of some comparative examples, address their strengths and weaknesses.

Required reading:

Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics , 3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 12

Farrell, David M. (2011) Electoral Systems: A Comparative Introduction , Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 2 (e-reserve link)

Further reading: Ball, Alan R and Peters, B Guy (2005) Modern Government and Politics, Basingstoke:

Palgrave, 7th edition (r), JA66 Bal ch 8 JA66 Bal Berry, C. (2008), ‘Labour's Lost Youth: Young People and the Labour Party's Youth

Sections’ Political Quarterly vol 79(3): 366-376Bomberg, E (2002) ‘The Europeanisation of Green Parties: Exploring the EU’s Impact’ West European Politics 25 (3): 29-50 (e)

Broughton, D (2002) ‘Participation and Voting’ in Heywood, Paul et al (eds) Developments in West European Politics 2,

Calvert, P (2002) Comparative Politics: an Introduction, ch 7 Cox, G W. (1997), Making Votes Count. Strategic Coordination in the World’s Electoral

Systems Chhibber Pradeep K. and Kollman, Ken (2004), The Formation of National Party Systems.

Federalism and Party Competition in Canada, Great Britain, India and the United States Denver, D. (2007), Elections and Voters in Britain, 2nd edition

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Gallagher, M (2007), ‘Elections and Referendums’ in Caramani, Daniele ed. Comparative Politics, 240-62

Franklin, M (1999)‘Electoral engineering and cross-national turnout differences: what role for compulsory voting?’, British Journal of Political Science vol29:205–224. (e-journal)

Gallagher, Mi et al (2001) Representative Government in Modern Europe, Boston: McGraw-Hill

Hague, R and Harrop, M (2004) Comparative Government and Politics, 5th ed, ch9 JF 51 Hag

Inglehart, R (1977) The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles Among Western Publics,

Inglehart, R (1990) Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society LeDuc, L. et al. (2002), Comparing Democracies 2: New Challenges in the Study of Elections

and Voting, chapter 10 pp. 210-227 (e-book) LeDuc, L, et al (2002), Comparing Democracies 2: New Challenges in the Study of Elections

and Voting (r) Lijphart, Arend and Aitkin, Don (1994) Electoral Systems and Party Systems: a Study of

Twenty-seven Democracies 1945-1990, Oxford: Oxford University Press Lubbers, M et al (2002) ‘Extreme right-wing voting in Western Europe’, European Journal of

Political Research 41 (3) (e) Mair, Pr et al (2004) Political Parties and Electoral Change: Party Responses to Electoral

Markets. Meguid, B (2008), Party Competition between Unequals. Strategies and Electoral Fortunes

in Western Europe Norris, P (1997), ‘Choosing Electoral Systems: Proportional, Majoritarian and Mixed

Systems International Political Science Review, Vol. 18 (3): 297-312 (e) Norris, P (2004), Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behaviour. JF 100 Nor Poguntke, T (2002),Green Parties in National Governments, Environmental Politics, 11 (1):

133-145 (e) Reilly, B (2001), Democracy in Divided Societies. Electoral Engineering for Conflict

Management, Cambridge: Rucht, D. (2000) ‘Political Participation in Europe’ in Sakwa, R and Stevens, A (ed)

Contemporary Europe (e) Saunders, B (2009) ‘Making Voting Pay’, Politics, 29 (2): 130-6. (Interesting, short summary

of debates about increasing voter turn-out) Sloam, J. (2007) ‘Rebooting Democracy: Youth Participation in Politics in the UK’

Parliamentary Affairs vol 60 (4): 548-567 (e) The following website provides useful information on elections and electoral systems around

the world: http://www.idea.int/ For coverage of Iran’s presidential election – Chatham House analysis, see

http://www.chathamhouse.org.uk/publications/papers/view/-/id/755/

Political Parties Lecture 15: 11 Nov (Thur)

Dr Wilfried SwendenThis lecture introduces the role of political parties. Political parties play key functions in democratic states: we look at functions such as interest aggregation, governmental formation and electoral competition, and compare these roles with parties in non-democratic states. We analyse key types of political parties (mass, cadre, catch-all and cartel parties) and their historical evolution. We analyse whether parties still have a function in the era of social movements and the so-called ‘decline of parties’. We conclude that parties are still an essential, although changing feature of modern states, democratic and otherwise.

Required Reading

Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics, Basingstoke :Palgrave, ch 13

Mair, Peter. (1998) Party System Change Approaches and Interpretations, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch 2, 5 (e). Available at: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/politicalscience/0198295499/toc.html

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 26

You should also visit this website in addition to your reading:http://www.politicsresources.net/ is a gateway to specific links on parties and party studies.

Further reading: Arzheimer, K and Elisabeth Carter, E. (2009) Christian Religiosity and Voting for West

European Radical Right Parties West European Politics vol 32(5): 985 – 1011 Bale, T. Denham, A and Fielding, S (eds) (2009) ‘Cameron's Conservatives’ ‘Special issue of

Political Quarterly vol 80(2) April-June 2009 Betz, H-G. (1994) Radical Right-Wing Populism in Western Europe Bomberg, E. (1998) Green Parties and Politics in the European Union JA 75.4 Bom Bull, M J. and Heywood, Paul (1994) West European Communist Parties after the

Revolutions of 1989. Detterbeck, K (2005) ‘Cartel Parties in Western Europe?’, Party Politics,11 (2): 173-191 (e) Duverger, M (1964) Political Parties, London: Methuen, Economist, (2009) ‘Peoples’ parties without the people’ (Germany’s political fragmentation)

8 August, p 31-2. (e) Hale, H (2006), Why Not Parties in Russia? Democracy, Federalism and the State Heywood, P et al. (2006) Developments in European Politics ch 5 by Biezen and Mair (r) JN

15 Dev Gunther, R et al (2002) Political Parties: Old Concepts and New Challenges. (e) Gunther, R and Diamond, L (2003) ‘Species of Political Parties: A New Typology’, Party

Politics, 9 (2) (e) John, P. and Margetts, H. (2009) The Latent Support for the Extreme Right in British Politics

West European Politics vol 32(3): 496 – 513 Katz, R and Mair, P (1995) 'Changing Models of Party Organisation and Party Democracy:

the Emergence of the Cartel Party', Party Politics 1,1 (e) Katz, RS and Crotty W (2006), eds., Handbook of Party Politics Lewis, P (2000) Political parties in post-communist Eastern Europe. Lijpart, A (1996), ‘The Puzzle of Indian Democracy: a consociational interpretation’,

American Political Science Review, 90 (2), 258-68 Lipset, S M and Rokkan, Stein (1990) 'Cleavage Structures?' in Mair, Peter and Smith,

Gordon (eds) Understanding Party System Change in Western Europe. Lipset, S M and Rokkan, Stein (1967) Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-national

Perspectives, Luther, K and Deschouwer, Kris (1999), Party Elites in Divided Societies Mair, P. (2008) ‘The Challenge to Party Government’ West European Politics Vol 31 (1 & 2):

211-34 (e) Mair, P (1990) The West European Party System March, L and Mudde, C. (2005) ‘What's Left of the Radical Left? The European Radical Left

After 1989: Decline and Mutation’ Comparative European Politics, Vol. 3 (1): 23-49 (e-reserve link)

Mudde, C (2007), Populist radical right parties in Europe. Luther K.R and F. Müller-Rommel (eds.) (2002). Political parties in the new Europe: Political

and Analytical Challenges. At http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy036/2002042529.html Parliamentary Affairs (2004) vol 56 (1) special issue What's Left? The Left in Europe Today Panebianco, A (1988), Political Parties. Organization and Power. Sartori, G (1976) Parties and Party Systems: a Framework for Analysis Ware, A (1996) Political Parties and Party Systems Webb, P et al (2002) Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies, (e)

Political Activism Lecture 16: 14 Nov (Mon)Dr Nicola McEwen

Democracy is about more than just voting every 4-5 years.  Autocratic states usually undergo democratisation and liberalization (when they do) only as a result of political action ‘from below’.    This lecture examines how and why political activism is now often transnational or international in scale.  We ask:  how ‘international’ is activism? Can international organizations be ‘democratised’ through modern forms of political activism?   How powerful are modern global movements such as the anti-globalization movement? 

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 27

Required reading:Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics,3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 14

Flanagan, J. (2009) 'Dissenters transform the art of protest' FT Weekend Magazine, 1 August Available at: http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9124da44-7ca6-11de-a7bf-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1VD0Jm6n1

Further reading: Amoore, L (ed.) (2005) The Global Resistance Reader (r) JZ1318 Glo Axtmann, R (2003) ‘Civil Society: National and Global’ in Axtmann, Roland (2003)

Understanding Democratic Politics: an Introduction.(see also chapters by Grant and Bennie) (r) JC423 Und

Ball, A R. and Peters, B. G (2005) Modern Politics and Government, 7th edition, ch 7 (r) JA66 Bal

Bandy, J and Smith, J (2005) Coalitions Across Borders: Transnational Protest and the Neoliberal Order, (r) HM 881 Coa

Beyer, C. (2007) ‘NGOs as motors of change' Government and Opposition vol 42(4): 513-534 (e)

Bhagwati, J N. (2004) In Defense of Globalization (r) HF 1359 Bha Brown, Cand Kirsten A (2005), Understanding International Relations, 3rd edition, ch 10. Carter, N (2007) Politics of the Environment. Ideas, Activism, Policy, 2nd ed. , ch 6 (r) Connelly, J and Smith, G. (2003) Politics and the Environment, 2nd edition, ch3 (sl) Clark, A. et al. (1998) ‘The Sovereign Limits of Global Civil Society: A Comparison of NGO

Participation in UN World Conferences on the Environment, Human Rights, and Women’ World Politics vol 51(1): 1-35 (e-journal)

Crouch, Colin (2009) ‘Privatised Keynesianism: an Unacknowledged Policy Regime’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 11 (3): 382-99 (nb: interesting discussion of ‘international civic society)

Della Porta, D. and Tarrow, S. (eds.) (2005) Transnational Protest and Global Activism, ch 1 (r) HM881 Tra

Dalton, R J. (2002) Citizen Politics in Western Democracies, 3rd edition (sl) Doherty, B. (2007) ‘Friends of the Earth International: Negotiating a Transnational

Identity’ Environmental Politics vol 15(5), pp. 860-80 (e) (nb: the entire issue 15(5) is dedicated to transnational movements and may be of interest)

Economist (2007) ‘Cats, mice and handsets. Mobile phones and protest’ Economist 1 Dec pp 75-76 (e)

Ferree, M. and Mueller, C. (2004) ‘Feminism and the Women’s Movement: A Global Perspective’ in Snow, D. et al (eds.) The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements (HM 881 Bla): pp555-75 (r) HM881 Bla

Goldstone, J A. et al (2003) States, Parties, and Social Movements (sl) Hay, C (2007) Why We Hate Politics JA75.7 Hay Held, D et al (2006) Debating Globalization, Oxford: Polity (sl) Held, D and McGrew, Anthony G. (2002) Globalization/Anti-globalization (r) JZ1318 Hel Inglehart, R (1977) Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles among Western

Publics ‘Introduction’ (sl) Keck, M. E. and Sikkink, K (1998) Activists Beyond Borders (sl) JF 529 KEc Kriesi, H. (2008) ‘Social Movements’ in Caramani, D. Comparative Politics, pp392-417 (JA 86

Com) (r) Kriesi, H. (2008) ‘ Political Mobilisation, Political Participation and the Power of the Vote’

West European Politics Vol 31 (1 &2) 147-168 Norris, P (2002) Democratic Phoenix: Reinventing Political Activism (sl) Panton, J (2007) 'Pop Goes Politics' World Today vol 63(6), pp 4-6. (e-reserve link) Snow, D. Soule, S. and Kriesi, H. (eds) (2004) et al The Blackwell Companion to Social

Movements (HM 881 Bla)Whiteley, P (2004) ‘Reinventing Political Activism’, Government & Opposition, 39 (4): 632-635 (e)

Political Leadership & Executives Lecture 17 : 17 Nov (Thur) Dr Nicola McEwen__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 28

This lecture will examine leadership and executive power. It will ask what makes a ‘good’ political leader and introduce different sources of political leadership, with particular focus on executive leadership in contemporary states. It will then explain the difference between a presidential executive, parliamentary and semi-presidential and explore the strengths and weaknesses of these different systems of governance.

Required reading:Heywood, Andrew (2007) Politics,3rd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 17

Jones, C. O. (2003) 'Richard Neustadt: Public Servant as Scholar' Annual Review of Political Science vol 6: 1-22 (e-journal)

Further Reading Ball, A R. and Peters, B. Guy (2005) Modern Politics and Government, 7th edition, chs 10-11

(r) Bennister, M. (2008) ‘Blair and Howard: Predominant Prime Ministers Compared’

Parliamentary Affairs vol 61 (2): 334-355 Collier, P. (2009) ‘Dictator’s Handboo’ (Why Democracies Fail as Elections Proliferate)’

Foreign Policy May/Je , p65-70 (e) http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4877 Dahl, R (1970) After the Revolution. Authority in a Good Society HN59 Dah, (r) Dahl, R (2002) How Democratic is the American Constitution?, chpt 3: ’ (esp pp62-72) (r)

KF21 Dah Economist, (2009) Briefing: Germany’s Chancellor. Merkl is the message’ 27 June, p33-35

(e) Elgie, R (1999), Semi-presidentialism in Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press (e) Gaffney, J. (2001) ‘Imagined Relationships: Political Leadership in Contemporary

Democracies’ Parliamentary Affairs vol 54(1) (e) Gallagher, M et al (2001) Representative Government in Modern Europe, ch2 Hague, R and Harrop, M (2007) Comparative Government and Politics, ch15 (r) JF 51 Hag Helms, L (2008) ‘Governing in the Media Age: The Impact of the Mass Media on Executive

Leadership in Contemporary Democracies’ Government and Opposition vol 43(1): 26-54 (e) Helms, L (2006) ‘The Changing Parameters of Political Control in Western Europe’

Parliamentary Affairs Vol. 59 (1): 78–97 (e) Helms, L (2004) Presidents, Prime Ministers and Chancellors. Executive Leadership in

Western Democracies, pp. 3-22 (r) JF 251 Hel Jones, Charles O. (1994) The Presidency in a Separated SystemJK516 Jon Lijphart, A (1999) Patterns of Democracy, chs 6-7 Linz, J J. and Valenzuela, A (1994) The Failure of Presidential Democracy. O'Malley, E. (2006) ‘Investigating the Effects of Directly Electing the Prime Minister’

Government and Opposition vol 41(2): 137-56 (e) Neutstadt, R (1990) Presidential power and the modern presidents : the politics of

leadership from Roosevelt to Reagan. chapter 1. Nye, J. (2008) The Powers to Lead, especially chap 2 ‘Leadership and Power’ (pp27-54) JC

330.3 Nye (r) See also interview with Nye at: http://www.hks.harvard.edu/news-events/publications/insight/international/joseph-nye

Rose, Richard (2001) The Prime Minister in a Shrinking World, Cambridge: Polity Press Salam, R (2009) ‘The Death of Macho’ Foreign Policy July/Aug, p65-70 (e)

http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/06/18/the_death_of_macho?page=0,0 Stokes, E (2009) 'The Secret Behind good leadership' FT Weekend Magazine 16/17 May

http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/b44ce45a-4027-11de-9ced-00144feabdc0.html Toye, R. (2008) ‘The Churchill Syndrome: Reputational Entrepreneurship and the Rhetoric of

Foreign Policy since 1945’ British Journal of Politics and International Relations vol 10(3) Ziller, J (2001) ‘European models of government: towards a patchwork with missing pieces’,

Parliamentary Affairs 54/1 (e)

Additional Websites: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/index.html : the US’ Central

Intelligence Agency’s regularly updated global directory of chief executives.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 29

www.guide2womenleaders.com/index.html Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership contains short bios of current and former female heads of state and govt.

Legislatures & Representation Lecture 18: 21 Nov (Mon) Dr Nicola McEwenDo legislatures matter any more? Legislatures are key components in representative democracies yet some scholars suggest they have lost much of their law-making capacity, representational legitimacy, and ability to control the executive. This lecture will review the various functions attributed to legislatures, and discuss current debates concerning legislatures’ relevance in contemporary states.

Required reading:Heywood, A (2007) Politics, 3rd ed, Basingstoke: Palgrave, ch 16

Wittman, A (2007) 'Voting for and against war' World Today vol 63(5) May, pp 9-11. (e-reserve)

Further reading: Allen, N. and Dean. J. (2008) ‘No (Parliamentary) Gender Gap Please, We're British’ Political

Quarterly vol 79 (2): 212-220 (e) Arter, D (2003) ‘Parliaments’ in Axtmann, R (2003) Understanding Democratic Politic, ch 13 Ayata, A G and Tütüncü, F. (2008) ‘Critical Acts without a Critical Mass: The Substantive

Representation of Women in the Turkish Parliament’ Parliamentary Affairs vol 61 (3) : 461-475 (e)

Ball, Alan R. and Peters, B. Guy (2005) Modern Politics and Government, Basingstoke: Palgrave, 7th edition, ch 9 (r) JA66 Bal

Celis, K. and Childs, S (2008) ‘Introduction: The Descriptive and Substantive Representation of Women: New Directions’ Parliamentary Affairs, vol 61 (3): 419-425 ) [part of special Issue of Parliamentary Affairs on The Political Representation of Women]

Childs, S. and Withey, J. (2006) The Substantive Representation of Women: The Case of the Reduction of VAT on Sanitary Products Parliamentary Affairs vol 59(1) 10-23 (e)

Gallagher, M et al (2001) Representative Government in Modern Europe, ch 3 Gibbons, V. (2007) ‘ Lights, Camera, Inaction? The Media Reporting of Parliament’

Parliamentary Affairs vol 60: 700-708 Hague, R and Harrop, M (2007) Comparative Government and Politics: an Introduction, ch

14, JF 51 Hag Hayward, J.E.S. (1995) The Crisis of Representation in Europe, London: Frank Cass, Heywood, A (2000) Key Concepts in Politics, chs 5-7 Heywood, P. (2002) ‘Executive Capacity and Legislative Limits’ in Heywood, Paul et al (eds),

Developments in West European Politics 2 Katz, R. (2007) ‘The Legislative Branch’ in Political Institutions in the United States, (r) JK

305 Kat Kelso, A (2009) ‘Parliament on its Knees: MPs' Expenses and the Crisis of Transparency at

Westminster’  Political Quarterly vol 80(1) (p 329-338) Kreppel, A (2008) ‘Legislatures’ in Caramani, D. Comparative Politics, pp159-188 (JA 86

Com) (r) Kurian, G.T. et al (eds) (2002) World Encyclopedia of Parliaments and Legislatures Lijphart, A (1992) (ed) Parliamentary versus Presidential Government, pp. 1-27 (e-reserve

link) Lijphart, A (1999) Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-six

Countries, pp. 1-27 (r)JC421 Lij Phillips, A (1995) The Politics of Presence, ch 1 (e-book) Stockemer, D. (2008) ‘Women’s Representation: A comparison between European and the

Americas’ Politics vol 28(2): 65-73 Strom, K. et al (2003) Delegation and Accountability in Parliamentary Democracies (sl) Waylen, G. (2008) ‘ Enhancing the Substantive Representation of Women: Lessons from

Transitions to Democracy’ Parliamentary Affairs vol 61 (3): 518-534;

Additional Websites:__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 30

For websites of national parliaments, see http://wc.wustl.edu/parliaments.html; www.c-span.org/international/links.asp - a clearinghouse of televised legislatures and

legislature websites from around the world www.ipu.org/english/home.htm - provides useful links to parliaments around the world and

other parliamentary related information www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/World/Parliaments-of-the-World-23158.html - Bored? test

your knowledge of legislatures

Revision Lecture 19: 24 Nov (Thurs)Dr Wilfried Swenden

The lecture slot on 24 November 2011 will be used for a Question/Answer and Exam Revision session. Dr Swenden will answer substantive questions emailed by students beforehand, go over sample questions, and offer tips on how best to prepare for the exam and perform your best during the exam.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 31

Student Staff Meeting

Matters relating to the organisation and teaching of IPIR are discussed at a student staff meeting attended by student representatives from each tutorial, and teaching staff. In the first week of tutorials each tutorial group is asked to identify a representative to attend the IPIR student-staff meeting, which will take place on Thurs, 20 Oct 2011, 13-14.00 (Location to be announced).

The role of tutorial representatives is two fold. First, Representatives will play a key role leading and monitoring tutorial group webCT discussions (more information in your first tutorial) Representatives main function, however, is to make sure that students' interests are fully accounted for in the course design, delivery and administration. They can raise questions at the meeting, and will also be asked to comment on questions raised by staff. Student representation is only effective if representatives feel able to speak for many or most, if not all students on the course. It is important to discuss concerns relating to the course in tutorials, and time will be made available for such discussion. Of course, representatives should feel free to approach the course organiser with any concern during the term.

At the student staff meeting we will also identify two IPIR representatives to attend Politics/IR meetings where general matters are discussed. These meetings are attended by Politics/IR staff and student representatives from every year.

The system of student representation is one of the ways in which the course is monitored as it progresses. A more explicit evaluation by questionnaire takes place at the end of the course. Students will be asked to comment on the course’s design, delivery and administration.

The Politics SocietyThe Politics Society is organised and run entirely by Politics and IR students, although students from other subjects are very welcome to participate in its activities. Financial support is provided by EUSA, allowing students to invite visiting speakers and organise social events.

The International Relations SocietyThe International Relations Society (IR Society) is student-run society which hosts regular social gatherings, provides support services for incoming IR students, and builds contacts with appropriate organisations inside and outside the university.

Course organiser: Dr Wilfried Swenden

Email Phone no. Location Office Hoursw.swenden@ed.ac.uk 650 4255 CMB 3.05 Monday 11.30-13.30

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Student Representation

Contacts

Course Secretary (Miss Ruth Nicol)

Email Phone no. Location Office HoursRuth.Nicol@ed.ac.uk 650 4457 CMB

G.04/05Mon – Fri 10.00 - 12.00 & 14.00 -16.00

The office staff in the Politics/IR Undergraduate Teaching Office are available in the Chrystal Macmillan Building, Room G.04/05 to answer student enquiries from 10-12.00 and from 14:00 – 16:00. The IPIR secretary is able to answer any relevant general queries. But please check first to see if the answer is given in this course guide, the SSPS student handbook, or on the Politics/IR notice boards. And note that the secretaries are unlikely to know where various members of staff are at any given moment; it is better to send an email message to that person or check their office hours on the Politics/IR website: (www.pol.ed.ac.uk).

LecturersName Email Phone no. LocationDr Nicola McEwen N.McEwen@ed.ac.uk 651 1831 21 George Square, 1.02Dr Vassilios Paipais V.Paipais@ed.ac.uk 650 4069 CMB 5.10Prof John Peterson john.peterson@ed.ac.uk 651 3023 CMB 3.29Dr Wilfried Swenden W.Swenden@ed.ac.uk 650 4255 CMB 3.05

Lecturing staff can be contacted personally in their own rooms: each has allocated specific office hours for this which are posted on their office door and available on the Politics website (www.pol.ed.ac.uk). You can also contact them by email or telephone.

Tutors:

Tutor EmailGavin Barber gavinbarber14@yahoo.co.ukPeter James Chonka P.J.Chonka@sms.ed.ac.ukMaggie Dwyer M.Dwyer@sms.ed.ac.ukAndris Kokins A.Kokins@sms.ed.ac.ukDarcy Leigh D.M.Leigh@sms.ed.ac.ukTrent Olsen P.T.Olsen@sms.ed.ac.ukMichal Rozynek – Senior Tutor

mrozynek@gmail.com

Kelsey Wrightson K.R.Wrightson@sms.ed.ac.uk

REMINDER: When you send e-mails to your tutor or others who teach this course, you should use your university email account. You may set up any other e-mail accounts you may have so that messages are automatically directed to your university email address..

ProgressionIf you pass IPIR and Democracy in Comparative Perspective (semester 2) you will be eligible to take ‘International Cooperation in Europe and Beyond’ (ICEB) next year.

If you are registered for a Politics or IR degree, pass IPIR and DCP, reach Honours standard in ICEB and the two other School required course, and pass 240 credits you may normally read

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 33

Further Study of Politics

Politics or IR Honours. Please see the SSPS handbook for further information about progression to Honours. http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/progression_to_honours.

There are a number of joint degrees with Politics. At present these include: [Politics and] History, Economics, Economic and Social History, Sociology, Social Policy, German, French, Spanish, Geography, Philosophy, and Law. Note IR is only offered as a joint honours degree with International Law (IR and IL or LLB IL and IR) If you have any queries, consult your Director of Studies.

Transfers

If you are not currently registered for a Politics or IR degree but wish to study either subject please note that both subjects are extremely popular and that transfers are not automatic; they must be approved by Politics/IR and the School’s Senior Director of Studies. Transfers into Politics or IR will only be considered for students who have completed their 2nd year at pre-honours level and who qualify under SSPS rules for entry to honours. Politics/IR also applies a QUOTA FOR ENTRY INTO HONOURS and holds a competitive annual application for places. The deadline for transfer applications will be 30 April 2012, and further details about the transfer process can be found on the School website at: http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/year_1_2/changing_degree_programme. Please consult this page before applying for degree transfer.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________PLIT08004 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 34

Introduction

In addition to the usual lecture and tutorial format this course will be using a web-based learning environment to give easy access to essential course materials. Other features include a weekly checklist, a calendar, and links to additional information and websites. A discussion forum will allow you to communicate online with members of your tutorial group and the wider course community.

The suite of tools we are using is called WebCT, which provides a closed system that only students and teaching staff from a particular course can access. The system is delivered via web browser Internet Explorer, and therefore can be accessed on campus using the library and computer labs or off campus if you have access to the Internet1. You should log-on to the course WebCT pages at least a couple of times a week; we will be using these pages for essential communications about the course, up-dates about new material etc.

Accessing WebCT

You can access WebCT from your personal page detailing courses via the MyEd Portal: https://www.myed.ed.ac.uk/ Selecting your course takes you to the course homepage.

Tutorial Sign-on

The tutorial sign up will only be available until the end of Week 1 of Semester (Friday 24 September 2010). If you have not yet signed up for a tutorial by this time, please contact the course secretary as soon as possible. NB: If you fail to register and fail to attend the first tutorial we assume you do no intend on taking the course.

Key features of WebCT

Politics courses make extensive use of WebCT, so getting used to this virtual learning environment is important from the start. Experience has shown that the students who use this technology usually get more out of tutorials and are more prepared for the exam. Some key features to look out for in using WebCT for IPIR include:

DiscussionYou are encouraged to make use of the discussion forum available to all students taking IPIR. Your tutors will set up individual discussion groups for you to communicate with fellow students. This forum is a space for you to express your thoughts and ideas about politics in a supportive and creative way. To use the discussion tool you can compose a new message or reply to a previously posted message. These are some guidelines to make the most of the discussions:

1. Participate; you need to communicate with each other to get the most out of this course.2. Be persistent; this is a new environment for everyone.3. Share tips and asks questions even if you think they may be silly; these are often the questions

that everyone has on their mind.4. Before you push the send button re-read your message to check for clarity and think about how

your message will be generally received.5. The language and tone of your message should reflect the ground rules set in tutorials and

expected in essays. Avoid offensive language or language that could be considered racist, sexist etc. Violators will be banned from further discussion.

1 The main computer labs should be set up to support WebCT. Ask computer services staff if you have any problems. If you have problems using WebCT off campus,

you can access a browser tune up facility from 'browser check' on the myWebCT page menu.

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Appendix 1: Guide to using WebCT

6. If you are sharing information with other students on ideas or quotations, give a reference whenever possible.

AnnouncementsWe’ll use the WebCt page to inform you of upcoming events, changes and additions to course material and so on.

Lecture HandoutsThis page contains Powerpoint slides from the IPIR lectures. These will be available shortly after the lecture in PowerPoint Format

EssaysEssay questions (also in course guide), tips and guidance will be posted under the essay icon on the main page.

PollingThroughout the course you may be given the chance to vote on some issues related to the lectures and/or core reading.

Web LinksYou can click on the Web Links tab to access a series of websites especially helpful to students of Politics and International Relations.

Questions about WEbCT?Try Student FAQs: http://www.elearn.malts.ed.ac.uk/webct/student_faqs.phtml

REFERENCINGThe fundamental purpose of proper referencing is to provide the reader with a clear idea of where you obtained your information, quote, idea, etc. NOTE: You will lose points on your essay for sloppy or inadequate referencing.

We strongly recommend the Harvard-style (or ‘in text’) system which is simple to use. Here’s how it works:

1. After you have quoted from or referred to a particular text in your essay, add in parentheses the author's name, the year of publication and page numbers (if relevant). Place the full reference in your bibliography. Here is an example of a quoted passage and its proper citation:

Quotation in essay:‘Quite simply, political theory and political practice are inseparably linked.’ (Heywood 1998: 3).

Book entry in bibliography:Heywood, A. (1998) Political Ideologies: An Introduction. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Macmillan

Note the sequence: author, year of publication, title, edition if needed, place of publication, publisher. Note also that you should not italicise quotations.

2. If you are employing someone else’s arguments, ideas or categorisation, you will need to cite them even if you are not using a direct quote. One simple way to do so is as follows:

Gallagher (1997: 129) argues that future European Parliament elections are unlikely to generate more interest than past ones.

3. Your sources may well include journal or newspaper articles, book chapters, and internet sites. Below we show you how to cite these various sources:

Chapters in book:In your essay, cite the author as above, i.e. (Gallagher 1997).

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Appendix 2: Guide to Referencing

In your bibliography details should be arranged in this sequence: author of chapter, year of publication, chapter title, title of book, editor(s) of book, place of publication, publisher, article or chapter pages.

For example: Gallagher, M. (1997) ‘Electoral Systems and Voting Behaviour’ in Developments in West European Politics, M. Rhodes, P. Heywood and V. Wright (eds), Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp 114-130.

Journal Article:In your essay, cite as above (Doherty 2007)

In your bibliography, details should be arranged in this sequence: author of journal article, year of publication, article title, journal title, journal volume, journal issue, article pages

For example: Doherty, B. (2007) ‘Friends of the Earth International: Negotiating a Transnational Identity’ Environmental Politics vol 15(5), pp. 860-80

Newspaper or magazine article: If the article has an author, cite as normal in text (Ascherson 1992).In bibliography cite as follows:

Ascherson, N (1992) ‘The New Europe’ The Independent on Sunday Magazine 9 February, pp 31-4.

If the article has no author, cite name of newspaper in text (Economist, 2007) and list the source in bibliography by magazine or newspaper title.

For example:Economist (2007) ‘America in the Middle East: arming its friends and talking peace’ 4 August 2007, p 38.

Internet sites:If the site has an author cite in text as normal: i.e. (Álvarez-Rivera, 2007)In the bibliography, provide a full reference which should include author, date, title of website and URL address:

For example:Álvarez-Rivera, M (2007) ‘Election Resources on the Internet’ Available at: http://ElectionResources.org/

If the website has no author, cite the short address of the site in your text (http://europa.eu)In the bibliography, provide a full reference including title of website, URL address, publisher or owner of site

For example:‘The European Union’s Institutions’ (http://europa.eu/index_en.htm) The European Union’s official portal site. (If no date is available, indicate date you accessed the site)

4. If you prefer to use footnote citations, please follow the format used in reputable journals such as West European Politics. These journals include (usually on the back cover) a brief guide to referencing.

If you have any questions about referencing you can check with your tutor or one of the writing guides listed in below

Make sure you communicate your ideas clearly in essays and exams. Use proper grammar, spell words correctly and adopt the appropriate style for academic writing. We recommend the following classic guides, all of which are available in the main library.

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Appendix 3: Essay Writing Guidance

Creme, P. & M.R. Lea. (2003). Writing at University: A Guide for Students. shelfmark LB 2369 Cre

Strunk William I. & White E.B. (1999) The Elements of Style shelfmark: PE 1408 Str Turabian, Kate L. (1996) A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.

shelfmark: Ref 0296 Tur

Writing and study skills: help is at hand!We also recommend you check out the office or website of the University’s Teaching, Learning and Assessment Centre, which can help you with writing, note-taking and studying for exams: http://www.tla.ed.ac.uk/services/effect-learn/advice.htm

A list of sessions available to students in Autumn 2011 is available at: http://www.tla.ed.ac.uk/services/effect-learn/Mtmonew.htm No need to book – just turn up.

IF YOU NEED HELP WITH YOUR WRITING, GET IT. IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO DO WELL IN THE STUDY OF POLITICS OR INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS UNLESS YOU WRITE WELL.

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Essay Feedback Form

Student exam number:

Essay question number:

Criteria Excellent Very Good Good Satisfactory Unsatisfactory

Addresses question set?

Shows wide ranging basic knowledge and grasp of contents?

Develops a logical and effective pattern of argument?

Supports arguments with examples where relevant?

Is well and correctly referenced?

Is clear and well-written?

Penalty imposed for late or over-long essay?

Comments:

Provisional Mark:

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Appendix 4: Essay Feedback Form

R

Below are some exam questions asked in previous years. Since Dec 2009 the exam has consisted of two parts, part A which features primarily politics topics and part B which lists primarily IR topics. You will be asked to answer one question from each section. The December 2011 exam will adopt the same format as the 2009 and 2010 exams.

DECEMBER 2010 EXAM

Part A1. Can there be a viable state without nationalism? 2. How does the choice of electoral system affect political representation? Refer to at

least two different types of electoral system3. Why aren’t more women in positions of political leadership?

Part B 1. 'To what extent are states' foreign policy dominated by concerns about sovereignty?

Refer to at least two different states in your answer. '2. Has globalisation changed the core features of political activism? 3. To what extent are ‘new security threats’ more important than ‘old security threats’?

DECEMBER 2009 EXAM

Part A1. Is the state a 'necessary evil'? Discuss in relation to two different ideologies.2. Can a legislature be representative and effective? 3. Are there ‘good’ and ‘bad’ nationalisms?

Part B 4. Is civic participation in democratic politics in permanent decline? 5. Is an ethical foreign policy possible? Answer with reference to theories of International Relations. 6. ‘The central focus in the study of international relations should be states and their interactions’. Do you agree?

DECEMBER 2008 EXAM

1. How well does elite theory explain the distribution of power in modern society? In your answer refer to at least two contemporary political issues.

2. Critically examine the effect of globalization on states’ key functions. 3. Is the main distinction between party systems one of ideology?4. Can foreign policy analysis alone provide an adequate explanation of international

relations?5. Are human rights secondary to state sovereignty within the international system? 6. Does a decline in political parties mean a rise in other sorts of political activism?

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Appendix 5: Past IPIR Exam Questions

IPIR Lecture Programme Autumn 2011: OverviewLectures are held Mondays and Thursdays, 15.00 in the David Hume Tower, Lecture Theatre A

Week

Lecture Date Lectur

er Title Reading* To be covered

1 1 Mon19 Sept WS Introduction Tutorial Task Organization &

expectations

1 2 Thur22 Sept JP What is

Politics?

AH ch 1, Stoker, Why Politics Matters, ch1

Defining politics; dilemmas of democracy; government v. governance, art v. science

2 3 Mon 26 Sept JP What is IR?

B & A, ch1; Mearsheimer, E H Carr vs Idealism

Anarchy & order, war & peace, poverty & wealth, theory & practice

2 4 Thurs29 Sept NM Power &

Society

AH ch 9, 195-203; Lukes, Power

Defining ‘power’; faces of power; equality; class, race, gender

3 5 Mon3 Oct JP Power &

sovereignty

B & A, ch2; S Krasner, Compromising Westphalia

States v. markets; intro to IR theory; humanitarian intervention

3 6 Thurs6 Oct WS The State

AH ch 5; Gill, Nature of Modern State

Theories of the state, inter & intra-state conflict; state failure

4 7 Mon10 Oct VP States and

foreign policy

B&A ch 4; Allison , Cuban Missile Crisis

The Cold War, domestic actors, foreign policy analysis

4 8 Thurs13 Oct VP

Anarchy & Interdependence

B&A ch 5; US and EU Security Strategy documents

Security & insecurity, proliferation & terrorism, new security issues

5 9 Mon17 Oct VP Globalisation B&A chs 7

and 9

Non-state actors, global governance, international political economy

5 10 Thurs20 Oct VP Morality & IR

B&A ch 11, Barnett, ‘Duties Beyond Borders’

Human rights, international law

6 Monday24 Oct no lecture

Essay due 26 Oct., 15.00

Essay due 26 Oct., 15.00

6 11 Thur27 Oct JP Ideology

AH chs 2-3; Fukuyama End of History

Liberalism, conservatism, socialism, feminism, religious fundamentalism

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7 12 Mon31 Oct WS Nationalism

AH ch 6; Alter, Nationalism

Nations v. states, political culture, political communication

7 13 Thur3 Nov WS Sub-state

nationalism

AH ch 8, Keating, Nations Against the State, ch 3

Constitutions, devolution, ethnic politics, subsidiarity

8 14 Mon7 Nov WS Elections &

voting

AH ch 12, Farrell, Electoral Systems

Theories of voting, electoral systems, voting behaviour

8 15 Thur10 Nov WS Political

parties

AH ch 13, Mair, Party System Change, chs 2,5

Representation, interest aggregation, party systems

8 16 Mon14 Nov NM Political

activism

AH ch 14; Panton, ‘Pop Goes Politics’

Protest; social movements; intl. organizations, NGOs

9 17 Thur17 Nov NM

Political Leadership(executives)

AH ch 16-17; Neustadt Presidential Power

Political leadership, types of executives

10 18 Mon21 Nov NM

Representation (legislatures)

AH ch 15; Wittman, voting for war

Parliamentary government, legislatures, legitimacy

10 19 Thur24 Nov WS Revision Review

readings Exam review and tips

11Mon28

NovNo lecture Exams 12-21 Dec 11

11

Lecturers: Dr. Nicola McEwen, Prof John Peterson, Dr. Vassilios Paipais, Dr Wilfried Swenden

*Required course texts: Andrew Heywood (AH), Politics, 3rd edition (2007); Chris Brown with Kirsten Ainley, (B & A) Understanding International Relations, 4th ed (2009)

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